TITLE: IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural
Crops
PUBLICATION DATE: March 1994
ENTRY DATE: April 1995
EXPIRATION DATE:
UPDATE FREQUENCY:
CONTACT: Jane Gates
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
National Agricultural Library
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DOCUMENT TYPE: text
DOCUMENT SIZE: 302k (146 pages)
==============================================================
ISSN: 1052-5378
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Library
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IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural Crops
January 1992 - December 1993
QB 94-12
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IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural Crops
January 1992 - December 1993
Quick Bibliography Series: QB 94-12
Updates QB 92-41
285 citations in English from AGRICOLA
Jane Potter Gates
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
March 1994 National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
Gates, Jane Potter
IPM and biological control of plant pests : horticultural crops.
(Quick bibliography series ; 94-12)
1. Plant parasites--Integrated control--Bibliography. 2. Plant
parasites--Biological control--Bibliography. 3. Horticultural
crops--Diseases and pests--Control. I. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.94-12
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AGRICOLA
Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA
database between January 1979 and the present.
SAMPLE CITATIONS
Citations in this bibliography are from the National Agricultural
Library's AGRICOLA database. An explanation of sample journal
article, book, and audiovisual citations appears below.
JOURNAL ARTICLE:
Citation # NAL Call No.
Article title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher. Journal Title.
Date. Volume (Issue). Pages. (NAL Call Number).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL 389.8.SCH6
Morrison, S.B. Denver, Colo.: American School Food Service
Association. School foodservice journal. Sept 1987. v. 41 (8).
p.48-50. ill.
BOOK:
Citation # NAL Call Number
Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date. Information on
pagination, indices, or bibliographies.
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL RM218.K36 1987
Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
Kane, June Kozak. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
Includes index. xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm. Bibliography: p.
126.
AUDIOVISUAL:
Citation # NAL Call Number
Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date.
Supplemental information such as funding. Media format
(i.e., videocassette): Description (sound, color, size).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV
All aboard the nutri-train.
Mayo, Cynthia. Richmond, Va.: Richmond Public Schools,
1981. NET funded. Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
Mayo. 1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
activity packet. IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural Crops
January 1992 - December 1993
SEARCH STRATEGY
Set Description
S1 505 IPM
S2 6966 INTEGRATED
S3 19282 PEST
S4 130996 MANAGEMENT
S5 2415 INTEGRATED(W)PEST(W)MANAGEMENT
S6 2505 IPM OR INTEGRATED()PEST()MANAGEMENT
S7 6966 INTEGRATED
S8 137642 CONTROL?
S9 979 INTEGRATED(W)CONTROL?
S10 3335 S6 OR INTEGRATED()CONTROL?
S11 570 BIOCONTROL
S12 29087 BIOLOGICAL
S13 137642 CONTROL?
S14 13166 BIOLOGICAL(W)CONTROL?
S15 16147 S10 OR BIOCONTROL OR BIOLOGICAL()CONTROL?
S16 140 SCOUTING
S17 46984 NATURAL
S18 1587 ENEM?
S19 1281 NATURAL(W)ENEM?
S20 17995 PARASITES
S21 181112 PEST?
S22 2902 PARASITES(2W)PEST?
S23 4120 SCOUTING OR NATURAL()ENEM? OR PARASITES(W2)PEST?
S24 18223 S15 OR S23
S25 96079 HORTICULTURAL
S26 223030 CROP?
S27 91280 HORTICULTURAL(W)CROP?
S28 33450 FRUIT?
S29 17724 VEGETABLE?
S30 18857 POTATO?
S31 9536 GRAPE?
S32 2064 NUT? ?
S33 3383 SHRUB?
S34 2721 TURF
S35 1345 ORNAMENTALS
S36 1849 FLORAL
S37 223030 CROP?
S38 23 FLORAL(W)CROP?
S39 142173 HORTICULTURAL()CROP? OR FRUIT? OR VEGETABLE? OR
POTATO? OR GRAPE? OR NUT? ? OR SHRUB? OR TURF OR
ORNAMENTALS OR FLORAL()CROP?
S40 1442 S24 AND S39
S41 1215 S40/ENG
S42 70710 SH=F83?
S43 1015 S41 NOT SH=F83?
S44 204582 UD=9201 : UD=9999
S45 290 S43 AND UD=9201:UD=9999
IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural
Crops
1 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.A2C47 1991 commercial pecan: insect, disease, and weed
control recommendations. Gasaway, W.S.
Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University (27): 13 p.; 1991 Jan. In subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Carya illinoensis; Pest control; Insect control;
Disease control; Weed control
2 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.A2C47 1991 Small fruits--insect, disease, and weed control
recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Powell, A.
Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University (478): 16 p.; 1991 Jan. In Subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Small fruits; Pest control; Plant disease
control; Pesticides
3 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.V8V52 1991 spray bulletin for commercial tree fruit growers.
Horsburgh, R.L.; Pfeiffer, D.G.; Fell, R.D.; Hogmire, H.W. Jr;
Barden, J.A.; Byers, R.E.; Kushad, M.M.; Marini, R.P.; Baugher,
T.A.; Ingle, L.M. Blacksburg, Va. : Extension Division, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University; 1991.
Publication - Virginia Cooperative Extension Service v.): 120 p.;
1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Temperate tree fruits; Pesticides; Application
methods; Safety at work; Integrated pest management; Health
hazards; Plant disease control; Weed control; Growth regulators;
Wildlife management; Nutrient requirements; Harvesting date
4 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.A2C47 1992 commercial vegetables insect, disease, nematode,
and weed control recommendations.
Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Mar.
Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University (2): 44 p.; 1992 Mar. In Subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vegetables; Insect control; Disease control; Nematode
control; Weed control; Integrated pest management; Insects;
Insecticides; Plant diseases; Fungicides; Nematoda; Nematicides;
Weeds; Herbicides
5 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 W27P 1992 pest management guide for commercial small fruits.
Antonelli, A.L.; Brun, C.A.; MacConnell, C.B.; Havens, D.; Scheer,
W.P.A. Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1992 Feb.
Extension bulletin - Washington State University, Cooperative
Extension Service v.): 51 p.; 1992 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Small fruits; Pest management; Integrated
pest management; Pesticides; Safety; Spraying equipment; Plant
diseases; Insects; Fungicides; Insecticides
6 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.A2C47 1992 small fruits--insect, disease, and weed control
recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Himelrick, D.;
Powell, A.
Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University (478): 16 p.; 1991 Dec. In Subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Small fruits; Insect control; Plant disease
control; Weed control; Insecticides; Herbicides; Fungicides
7 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.A2C47 1993 Commercial peach: Insect, disease, nematode, and
weed control recommendations.
Sikora, E.J.; McVay, J.R.; Powell, A.A.; Patterson, M.G.; Everest,
J.W. Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1993 Jan.
Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University (8): 12 p.; 1993 Jan. In subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Prunus persica; Insect control; Plant disease control;
Nematode control; Weed control; Fungicides; Bactericides;
Insecticides; Acaricides; Herbicides; Application rates;
Application methods
8 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N6N62 1993 Pest and orchard management: guide for North
Carolina apples. Walgenbach, J.F.; Sutton, T.B.; Skroch, W.A.;
Unrath, C.R.; Parker, M.L.; Sullivan, W.T.; Shelton, J.E.; Rock,
G.C.; Bromley, P.T.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1993 Feb.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
State University v.): 34 p.; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Malus pumila; Orchards; Integrated
pest management; Plant disease control; Agricultural chemicals;
Application methods; Application rates; Application date;
Pesticides
9 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N6N62 1993 pest control recommendations for turfgrass
managers.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 Nov.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
State University v.): 12 p.; 1992 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Lawns and turf; Insect control;
Insecticides; Weed control; Integrated pest management; Weeds;
Herbicides; Plant disease control; Nematicides; Growth regulators
10 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Activity of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai on the
germination of asparagus seed. I. Seed treatments.
Nipoti, P.; Manzali, D.; Gennari, S.; D'Ercole, N.; Rivas, F.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (271): p. 403-407; 1990 Jul. Paper
presented at the "7th International asparagus Symposium," June
19-23, 1989, Ferrara, Italy. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Asparagus; Trichoderma harzianum; Seed germination
Abstract: Two methods of applying a biocontrol agent (Trichoderma
harzianum--"T 581") directly to the seed were evaluated in order to
assess its possible positive effects on germination. The "T 581"
strain, isolated from the soil and grown on potato dextrose agar
medium (PDA) for seven days, was employed in three concentrations
(10(5), 10(6) and 10(7) spores/ml). The following methods were
evaluated for each concentration: 1. Seed coating using talcum and
sodium alginate as dispersant and thickening agent for the
condidial suspension, respectively; 2. Seed coating and
encapsultation of biocontrol agent using talcum and alginate with
the addition of a food-base compound (chitin) in case (a) and
without such addition in case (b). After this, encapsulation of
Trichoderma was obtained by dropping the coated seeds into 0.1 M
calcium gluconate solution. The parameters obtained in the trials
conducted on the "UC 157 LT 869-470-2" asparagus variety were
germination percentage and amount of dry matter produced by
seedlings. The results are then discussed.
11 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Activity of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai on the
germination of asparagus seeds. II. Soil treatments.
Gennari, S.; Manzali, D.; D'Erocole, N.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (271): p. 409-415; 1990 Jul. Paper
presented at the "7th International asparagus Symposium," June
19-23, 1989, Ferrara, Italy. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Asparagus; Trichoderma harzianum; Seed germination;
Soil treatment
Abstract: This paper examines the effects of Trichoderma harzianum
Rifai ("T 581") on the germination of asparagus seeds ("UC 157 LT
869-470-2" variety) when added to the soil. The "T 581" strain
grown on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) for seven days was
brought to a 10(5) spores/ml concentration and employed in two
formulations: liquid and solid. The biocontrol agent was added at
a ratio of 26 000 spores/g to thhe soil which had previously been
steam-sterilized. Planting was carried out 96, 72, 48, 24 and 0
hours after adding "T 581" to the soil. Germination precentage and
the amount of dry matter produced by seedlings were evaluated. The
parameters ware determined on four successive stages at four-day
intervals. The findings are then commented upon.
12 NAL Call. No.:
aSB950.2.A1F47 1992 The adoption of integrated pest management
technologies by vegetable growers. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; Beach,
E. Douglas; Huang, Wen-Yuan United States, Dept. of Agriculture,
Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division
Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research
Service, Resources and Technology Division,; 1992.
iv, 17 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (ERS staff report ; no. AGES 9228.).
Cover title. "November 1992"--P. iii. Includes bibliographical
references (p. 15-17).
Language: English
Descriptors: Pests; Vegetables
13 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 The African lunar moth, Argema mimosae (Lepidoptera:
Saturniidae), a potential pest of marula.
Van Den Berg, M.A.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (275): p. 685-689; 1990 Jul. Paper
presented at the "International Symposium on the Culture of
Subtropical and Tropical Fruits and Crops," Volume II, November
6-10, 1989, Nelspruit, South Africa. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Africa; Anacardiaceae; Lepidoptera; Insect
pests; Pest control; Biological control; Life cycle
Abstract: The African lunar moth, Argema mimosae (Bsd.), is
endemic to south-central Africa. The larvae feed on the foliage of
the marula, Sclerocarya caffra (Sond.), and may cause substantial
defoliation which can reduce growth and/or fruit production. At
average temperatures of about 25 degrees C eggs hatch after 10.9
days, and the first to fifth larval instars are completed in means
of 5.6, 4.2, 3.4, 5.8, and 14.1 days respectively. The pupal stage
lasts 6-12 weeks in summer and 5-8 months in winter. The African
lunar moth completes two generations per year. Marula trees are
attacked during the months October to December and February to
March when most of the larvae are in their fourth and fifth instar.
The egg parasitoids Anastatus sp. (sp.a) and Mesocomys pulchriceps
Cam. (Hymenoptera:Eupelmidae) have been reared from A. mimosae eggs
placed in the field. In the laboratory two other eupelmids,
Mesocomys vuilleti (Crawf.) and Anastatus sp (sp.b.), parasitise
eggs of the African lunar moth.
14 NAL Call. No.:
QD415.A1J6 Analysis, synthesis, formulation, and field testing of
three major components of male Mediterranean fruit fly pheromone.
Heath, R.R.; Landolt, P.J.; Tumlinson, J.H.; Chambers, D.L.;
Murphy, R.E.; Doolittle, R.E.; Dueben, B.D.; Sivinski, J.; Calkins,
C.O.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Sep.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (9): p. 1925-1940; 1991 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ceratitis capitata; Sex pheromones; Chemical
composition; Synthesis; Bioassays; Insect traps; Insect control;
Biological control
Abstract: Three major components, ethyl-(E)-3-octenoate, geranyl
acetate, and (E.E)-alpha-farnesene, emitted as volatiles by
laboratory-reared and wild male medflies were collected and
analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Peak emission of these
compounds occurred during the third to fifth hours of the
photophase arid differences were observed in the ratios of the
three components emitted by male laboratory-reared and wild flies.
These three compounds were synthesized, and a method was developed
to formulate a synthetic blend that released the compounds in a
ratio similar to that emitted by wild male medflies. Attractiveness
of the blend to female medflies was demonstrated under field
conditions by comparing trap catches. Black spherical traps, baited
with the synthetic blend to release 1.6 male equivalents, caught
significantly more females than blank traps and traps from which
the blend released was 0.3, 3.2 or 6.4 male equivalents.
15 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Antibiosis as mode of action in postharvest biological
control. Pusey, P.L.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 127-141; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Biological control; Bacillus
subtilis; Extracts
16 NAL Call.
No.: 100 C12H Aphelopus albopictus Ashmead (Hymenoptera:
Dryinidae): abundance, parasitism, and distribution in relation to
leafhopper hosts in grapes. Wilson, L.T.; Carmean, I.; Flaherty,
D.L.
Oakland, Calif. : California Agricultural Experiment Station; 1991
Jan. Hilgardia : a journal of agricultural science v. 59 (1): 16
p.; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Vitis; Erythroneura elegantula; Parasites
of insect pests
17 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Application of a new strain of Metarhizium anisopliae
(Fungi imperfecti) as a means of biological control against the
coconut leaf hispid, Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Hispidae) in
Samoa.
Marschall, K.J.; Vargo, A.M.; Fatuesi, S.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 137-140; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Western samoa; American samoa; Cocos nucifera;
Brontispa longissima; Metarhizium anisopliae; Biological control;
Fungal spores
18 NAL Call.
No.: SB599.C8 Arthropod natural enemies of the Colorado potato
beetle.
Hough-Goldstein, J.A.; Heimpel, G.E.; Bechmann, H.E.; Mason, C.E.
Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1993 Aug.
Crop protection v. 12 (5): p. 324-334; 1993 Aug. Literature
review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Insect pests; Natural
enemies; Biological control agents; Predatory arthropods; Parasites
of insect pests; Literature reviews
19 NAL Call.
No.: 420 F662 Arthropods associated with passion fruit in western
Venezuela. Dominguez-Gil, O.E.; McPheron, B.A.
Winter Haven, Fla. : Florida Entomological Society; 1992 Dec.
Florida entomologist v. 75 (4): p. 607-612; 1992 Dec. Paper
presented at a Workshop on "Important arthropod pests of the
Caribbean Basin amenable to biological control: Homoptera,
Coleoptera, Lepidoptera," April 8-10, 1991, Orlando, Florida.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Venezuela; Passiflora edulis; Arthropod pests;
Arthropods; Biological control; Ecosystems; Natural enemies;
Pollinators
20 NAL Call.
No.: SB925.B5 Augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha tryoni
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to suppress a Mediterranean fruit fly
(Diptera: Tephritidae) population in Kula, Maui, Hawaii.
Wong, T.T.Y.; Ramadan, M.M.; McInnis, D.O.; Mochizuki, N.;
Nishimoto, J.I.; Herr, J.C.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1991 Jun.
Biological control v. 1 (1): p. 2-7; 1991 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Ceratitis capitata; Peaches; Insect pests;
Insect control; Biological control; Biological control agents;
Parasitoid augmentation; Parasites of insect pests; Braconidae;
Prunus persica
21 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Avocado growing in Israel.
Priel, A.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1993 Feb. California grower v. 17 (2): p. 29-30; 1993 Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: Israel; France; Spain; Persea Americana; Crop yield;
Crop production; International trade; Marketing techniques;
Cultivars; Irrigation; Saline water; Biological control; Food
consumption; Consumer preferences
22 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Behavioral interactions between Japanese beetle
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) grubs and an entomopathogenic nematode
(Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) within turf microcosms.
Schroeder, P.C.; Villani, M.G.; Ferguson, C.S.; Nyrop, J.P.;
Shields, E.J. Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993
Jun.
Environmental entomology v. 22 (3): p. 595-600; 1993 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Popillia japonica; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora;
Entomophilic nematodes; Interactions; Dispersal; Biological control
agents
Abstract: Distribution of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica
Newman, grubs and dispersal of an entomopathogenic nematode,
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar 'Oswego' strain (an isolate
from New York state), were examined for 5 wk within soil-filled
flats containing grass. Japanese beetle grubs uniformly dispersed
to all sections of the flats not infested with H. bacteriophora
'Oswego' strain. In flats infested with H. bacteriophora 'Oswego'
strain, however, greater proportions of Japanese beetle grubs were
recovered in sections near the nematode release site or center
sections of the flats. H. bacteriophora 'Oswego' strain dispersed
to all sections of the flats but dispersed more rapidly within the
flats infested with Japanese beetle grubs than in flats not
infested with Japanese beetle grubs.
23 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Biocontrol of postharvest bacterial diseases of fruits
and vegetables. Moline, H.E.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 114-124; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit; Vegetables; Postharvest decay; Plant pathogenic
bacteria; Biological control; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Pseudomonas
putida; Erwinia
24 NAL Call.
No.: 8 P832J Biological and chemical control of nematodes in
Capsicum annuum L. Vicente, N.E.; Acosta, N.
Rio Piedras, P.R. : University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural
Experiment Station; 1992 Jul.
The Journal of agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico v. 76
(3/4): p. 171-176; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Puerto Rico; Capsicum annuum; Meloidogyne incognita;
Rotylenchulus reniformis; Biological control; Chemical control;
Carbofuran; Nematode control; Paecilomyces lilacinus; Population
dynamics; Crop yield
25 NAL Call.
No.: SB951.P47 Biological control and integrated pest management in
glasshouses--a commercial success.
Lenteren, J.C. van
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1993.
Pesticide science v. 37 (4): p. 430-432; 1993. Paper presented at
the meeting on "Biological Control: Use of Living Organisms in the
Management of Invertebrate Pests, Pathogens and Weeds," October
19-20, 1992, London. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Netherlands; Greenhouse culture; Biological control;
Integrated pest management; Policy; Research; Crops
26 NAL Call.
No.: SB951.P47 Biological control in protected crops: where do we
go?.
Lenteren, J.C. van
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
Pesticide science v. 36 (4): p. 321-327; 1992. Paper presented at
the symposium "Integrated Control of Pests and Diseases in
Protected Crops and Greenhouses," May 19-20, 1992, Noordwijkerhout,
The Netherlands. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Europe; Biological control; Natural enemies;
Biological control agents; Greenhouse culture; Greenhouse crops;
Integrated pest management; Research; Literature reviews
Abstract: Biological pest control is a reliable method and an
economically profitable endeavour for growers of greenhouse crops.
The fast evaluation and introduction of a number of natural enemies
in situations where chemical control was either insufficient,
impossible or undesired, has taught crop protection specialists
that biological control, within IPM programmes, is a powerful
option in pest control. Commercially available natural enemies are
listed, current research in biological control is described,
incorrect criticism of biological control is discussed and specific
advantages of using this control method in protected crops are
given.
27 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Biological control of ash whitefly: a success in
progress.
Bellows, T.S.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1991 Sep. California grower v. 15 (9): p. 8-9, 13; 1991 Sep.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus; Tree fruits; Aleyrodidae;
Encarsia; Biological control
28 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Biological control of Botrytis, Rhizopus and Alternaria
rots of tomato fruit by Pichia guilliermondii.
Chalutz, E.; Droby, S.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.; Barkai-Golan, R.;
Daus, A.; Fuchs, Y.; Wilson, C.L.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 71-85; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tomatoes; Postharvest decay; Botrytis; Rhizopus;
Alternaria; Decay fungi; Biological control; Pichia
29 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F7 1989 Biological control of fruit-infesting Tephritidae.
Wharton, R.A.
Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
Cavalloro. p. 323-332; 1989. (EUR). Literature review. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Tephritidae; Plant pests; Biological control;
Literature reviews; Parasites of insect pests
30 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Biological control of Japanese, Oriental, and black
turfgrass ataenius beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae with
entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Steinernematidae,
Heterorhabditidae).
Alm, S.R.; Yeh, T.; Hanula, J.L.; Georgis, R.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1660-1665; 1992 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Connecticut; Festuca ovina; Lawns and turf;
Blitopertha orientalis; Popillia japonica; Scarabaeidae; Larvae;
Biological control; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; Neoaplectana
carpocapsae; Neoaplectana feltiae; Neoaplectana glaseri
Abstract: Several strains or species of entomopathogenic
nematodes-steinernema carpocapsae Weiser (All), S. feltiae
(=bibionis) (Filipjev) (Biosys strains 27 and 980), S. glaseri
(Steiner), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (= heliothidis) Poinar
(HP88)-were tested in the field for control of japanese beetle,
Popillia japonica Newman; Oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis
Waterhouse; or black turfgrass ataenius, Ataenius spretulus
(Haldeman) larvae. A spring field trial against A. orientalis, in
which half of the plots were aerated to assist in nematode
dispersal in soil, showed no significant differences between
control plots and those treated with H. bacteriophora (HP88) or S.
carpocapsae (All). A fall field trial in which half of the plots
were dethatched before nematode application (to enhance nematode-
larva contact) also showed no significant differences between plots
treated with S. feltiae and control plots. Four other fall field
trials with S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae, S. glaseri, and H.
bacteriorphora against japanese beetle larvae showed a range of
0-81% control. The greatest mortality of P. japonica larvae
occurred with S. glaseri at 24.7 X 10(9) per ha. A field trial with
S. carpocapsae against A. spretulus showed 94% mortality at a 24.7
X 10(9) per ha rate.
31 NAL Call. No.:
SB608.F8W48 1991 Biological control of postharvest diseases of
citrus and deciduous fruit. Wilson, Charles L.; Chalutz, Edo
United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and
Development Fund Bet Dagan, Israel : BARD,; 1991.
141 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. Final report. Project no. US-1374-87.
Includes bibliographical references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit
32 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Biological control of postharvest diseases of citrus
fruit. Droby, S.; Chalutz, E.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.; Wilson, C.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 60-70; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Citrus fruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control
33 NAL Call.
No.: SB599.C8 Biological control of post-harvest diseases of fruits
and vegetables: alternatives to synthetic fungicides.
Wilson, C.L.; Wisniewski, M.E.; Biles, C.L.; McLaughlin, R.;
Chalutz, E.; Droby, S.
Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1991 Jun.
Crop protection v. 10 (3): p. 172-177; 1991 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tomatoes; Grapes; Apples; Citrus fruits; Peaches;
Vegetables; Fruits; Postharvest decay; Postharvest treatment;
Biological control; Biological control agents; Antagonists;
Secondary metabolites
34 NAL Call.
No.: SB1.H6 Biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits
and vegetables: recent advances.
Wisniewski, M.E.; Wilson, C.L.
Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1992
Feb. HortScience v. 27 (2): p. 94-98; 1992 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vegetables; Fruit; Postharvest decay; Postharvest
losses; Biological control; Biological control agents; Antagonists
35 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P Biological control of postharvest diseases of grape,
peach, and apple with the yeasts Kloeckera apiculata and Candida
guilliermondii.
McLaughlin, R.J.; Wilson, C.L.; Droby, S.; Ben-Arie, R.; Chalutz,
E. St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 May.
Plant disease v. 76 (5): p. 470-473; 1992 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Grapes; Apples; Peaches; Postharvest decay; Disease
control; Biological control; Yeasts; Candida guilliermondii;
Calcium chloride
36 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Biological control of postharvest diseases of pome
fruits.
Janisiewicz, W.; Roitman, J.; Machoney, N.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 49-59; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pome fruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control
37 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.A1I66 Biological control of postharvest fruit disease.
Quarles, W.
Berkeley, Calif. : Bio-Integral Resource Center; 1993 May.
The IPM practitioner v. 15 (5/6): p. 1-11; 1993 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
Beneficial organisms; Integrated pest management; Fungicidal
properties
38 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F76 1993 Biological control of tephritid fruit flies by
inundative releases of natural enemies.
Gingrich, R.E.
New York : Springer-Verlag; 1993.
Fruit flies : biology and management / Martin Aluja, Pablo Liedo,
editors. p. 311-318; 1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tephritidae; Biological control; Natural enemies
39 NAL Call.
No.: 420 F662 Biological control of the Caribbean fruit fly
(Diptera: Tephritidae). Baranowski, R.; Glenn, H.; Sivinski, J.
Winter Haven, Fla. : Florida Entomological Society; 1993 Jun.
Florida entomologist v. 76 (2): p. 245-251; 1993 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Anastrepha suspensa; Biological control;
Hymenoptera; Parasites of insect pests; Plant pests
40 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.A1P3 Biological control of the fruit tree mealybug
Rastrococcus invadens Williams in Togo: a preliminary sociological
and economic evaluation.
Vogele, J.M.; Agounke, D.; Moore, D.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Oct.
Tropical pest management v. 37 (4): p. 379-382; 1991 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: West Africa; Rastrococcus invadens; Introduced
species; Biological control; Fungus control; Gyranusoidea tebygi;
Parasites of insect pests; Socioeconomic status; Cost effectiveness
analysis
41 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Biological control of the mango shoot caterpillar on
Guam.
Nafus, D.M.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 146-149; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Guam; Mangifera indica; Penicillaria; Parasites of
insect pests; Biological control; Pests
42 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Biological control of the Mediterranean fruit fly in the
United States and Central America.
Gilstrap, F.E.; Hart, W.G.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1987 Mar.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(56): 68 p.; 1987 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Costa Rica; Fruit crops; Vegetables;
Tephritidae; History; Geographical distribution; Biological
control; Biological control agents; Parasites of insect pests;
Introduced species; Projects
43 NAL Call.
No.: QH301.A76 Biological control of the potato cyst nematode using
paraistic fungi. Crump, D.H.; Flynn, C.A.
Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;
1992. Aspects of applied biology (33): p. 161-165; 1992. In the
series analytic: Production and protection of potatoes / edited by
S.F.L. Ball et al. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: England; Northern ireland; Scotland; Solanum
tuberosum; Globodera pallida; Globodera rostochiensis; Plant
parasitic nematodes; Biological control; Nematode control;
Nematophagous fungi
44 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Biological control Penicillaria jocosatrix (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae) on mango on Guam with notes on the biology of its
parasitoids.
Nafus, D.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (6): p. 1725-1731; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Guam; Mangifera indica; Penicillaria; Aleiodes;
Euplectrus; Blepharella lateralis; Parasitoids; Biological control
agents
Abstract: Penicillaria jocosatrix Guenee consumes new leaves,
flowers, and fruits of mango and has been a serious pest on Guam.
Before 1986, few natural enemies were present and there were no
parasitoids attacking the larvae. In 1986, a program was initiated
to introduce larval parasitoids. The wasps Aleiodes sp. and
Euplectrus sp. and the fly Blepharella lateralis Macquart were
released. Aleiodes sp. did not establish, but Euplectrus sp. and B.
lateralis did. Populations of the mango shoot caterpillar fell to
25% of their prerelease levels. Parasitization rates ranged from 20
to 99%. Euplectrus sp. was the most abundant parasitoid. It
parasitized all instars, but was more common on second and third
instars. More eggs were laid on older instars of the caterpillar.
Euplectrus sp. was more abundant in the dry season whereas B.
lateralis was more common in the wet season. Fruit production on
monitored trees increased significantly after the parasitoids
became effective.
45 NAL Call. No.:
QD415.A1J6 Biological evidence of an oviposition-deterring
pheromone in Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera,
Tortricidae).
Gabel, B.; Thiery, D.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992 Mar.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 18 (3): p. 353-358; 1992 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lobesia botrana; Oviposition deterring pheromones;
Ova; Semiochemicals; Bioassays; Extracts; Oviposition; Inhibition;
Insect control; Biological control
Abstract: Females of the European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana
Den. et Schiff.) usually deposit isolated eggs on flowers and
berries of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). We have investigated
whether an epideictic pheromone could be present on the egg surface
to explain this spacing behavior. About 21,000 eggs of L. botrana
were washed in cold methanol, and the biological activity was
tested in a two-choice bioassay offering treated and nontreated
areas. Different dilutions of the extract were tested in methanol,
which was inactive alone. At the dose of four egg equivalents per
microliter of extract, the number of eggs laid by the L. botrana
females was reduced by as much as 57% on the treated areas compared
to nontreated areas. A longer-term suppression of oviposition (at
least 24 hr) following an exposure to the extract occurred for two
doses (0.6 and 4.0 eggs/microliter) of egg extract. Our results
strongly suggest the occurrence of an oviposition-deterring
pheromone (ODP) on the eggs of L. botrana. The ecological value of
these results is discussed.
46 NAL Call.
No.: QL461.I57 Biological methods of bruchid control in the
tropics: a review. Huis, A. van
Nairobi, Kenya : ICIPE Science Press; 1991 Jun.
Insect science and its application v. 12 (1/3): p. 87-102; 1991
Jun. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Legumes; Stored products; Bruchidae; Biological
control; Cultural control; Genetic control; Integrated pest
management; Physical control; Varietal resistance; Literature
reviews; Tropics
Abstract: Bruchid beetles cause high losses of stored legumes in
the tropics. Chemical control is inappropriate for the small scale
farmer and the use of alternative measures should be encouraged.
Different biological methods of control such as cultural, physical,
varietal, biological, biorational and genetic control are reviewed.
Cultural control techniques such as timely and frequent harvesting,
legumes planted away from granaries, crop hygiene and storage in
pods, are within the technical and financial means of the small
scale farmer. The use of inert substances, vegetable oils and
repellent plants may be cheap and effective if properly managed.
The use of controlled atmosphere, vacuum, heating, cooling and
sterilizing, requires relatively advanced techniques. Growth
regulators and pheromones are currently not available for control.
Varieties resistant to bruchids have been identified, but
incorporation of resistance into suitable varieties has proven to
be difficult. Biological control of bruchids should receive more
attention in particular research on the introduction and
conservation of natural enemies. To effectively implement control
measures at farmer's level socio-economic and cultural aspects
should be taken into account. Proven appropriate techniques should
be combined in an overall integrated pest management strategy.
47 NAL Call.
No.: SB476.G7 Biological turf disease control.
Burpee, L.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1991 Apr.
Grounds maintenance v. 26 (4): p. 44, 78, 80; 1991 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Plant disease control; Biological
control
48 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Biology and natural enemies of the fruit-piercing moth
Othreis fullonia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Guam.
Denton, G.R.W.; Muniappan, R.; Marutani, M.; McConnell, J.; Lali,
T.S. Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 150-154; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Guam; Fruit crops; Eudocima fullonia; Biological
control; Parasites of insect pests; Introduced species
49 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F7 1989 Biotechnical methods for the fruit fly control.
Delrio, G.
Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
Cavalloro. p. 359-372; 1989. (EUR). Literature review. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tephritidae; Biotechnology; Integrated pest
management; Plant pests; Literature reviews
50 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.A1I66 Botanical pesticides in Africa.
Grossman, J.
Berkeley, Calif. : Bio-Integral Resource Center; 1993 Jan.
The IPM practitioner v. 15 (1): p. 1-9; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Africa; Botanical insecticides; Integrated pest
management; Pyrethrins; Eugenol; Pesticides; Environmental impact;
Citral; Intercropping; Fungicides; Herbicides; International
organizations; Sustainability
51 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.2.A1J58 Can we maintain turf without synthetic chemicals?.
Cook, T.
Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1992.
Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 12 (2): p. 26-30; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Weed control; Chemical control;
Fertilizers; Biological control
52 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N6N62 Carolina lawns.
Bruneau, A.H.; Lewis, W.M.; Lucas, L.T.; Brandenburg, R.L.; Baird,
J.V.; Powell, M.A.; DiPaola, J.M.; Peacock, C.; White, R.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 Apr.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
State University v.): 14 p.; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Lawns and turf; Site preparation;
Grasses; Fertilizers; Planting; Irrigation; Mowing; Integrated pest
management
53 NAL Call. No.:
SB433.34.V8V47 Changes in the lawn care industry.
Roche, J.
Blacksburg, Va. : Virginia Cooperative Extension Service; 1991 Dec.
Proceedings - Virginia Turfgrass Landscape Conference (31st): p.
33-37; 1991 Dec. Meeting held on January 14-17, 1991, Richmond,
Virginia.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Lawns and turf; Legislation; Environmental
protection; Integrated pest management
54 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Characterization of postharvest biological control of
deciduous fruit diseases by Crytococcus spp.
Roberts, R.G.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 37-48; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tree fruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
Cryptococcus laurentii; Cryptococcus (deuteromycotina);
Cryptococcus albidus
55 NAL Call.
No.: 448.3 AP5 Characterization of two genes encoding Bacillus
thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins toxin to Coleoptera
species.
Donovan, W.P.; Rupar, M.J.; Slaney, A.C.; Malvar, T.; Gawron-Burke,
M.C.; Johnson, T.B.
Washington, D.C. : American Society f Microbiology; 1992 Dec.
Applied and environmental microbiology v. 58 (12): p. 3921-3927;
1992 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Bacillus thuringiensis; Strains; Genes; Proteins;
Toxicity; Nucleotide sequences; Amino acid sequences; Coleoptera;
Biological control; Entomopathogenic bacteria
Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis EG2838 and EG4961 are highly
toxic to Colorado potato beetle larvae, and only strain EG4961 is
toxic to southern corn rootworm larvae. To investigate the cause of
the different insecticidal activities of EG2838 and EG4961, cryIII-
type genes toxic to coleopterans were cloned from each strain. The
cryIIIB gene, cloned as part of an 8.0-kb EcoRI fragment of EC2838
DNA, encoded a crystal protein (CryIIIB) of 74,237 Da. The cryIIIB2
gene, cloned as part of an 8.3-kb PstI-Asp718 fragment of EG4961
DNA, encoded a crystal protein (CryIIIB2) of 74,393 Da that was 94%
identical to CryIIIB. Analysis of the transcriptional start sites
showed that cryIIIB and cryIIIB2 were initiated from a conserved
region located within 130 nucleotides upstream from the translation
start sites of both genes. Although the CryIIIB and CryIIIB2
proteins were similar in sequence, they displayed distinct
insecticidal activities: CryIIIB was one-third as toxic as CryIIIB2
to Colorado potato beetle larvae, and CryIIIB2, but not CryIIIB,
was toxic to southern corn rootworm larvae. Genes encoding crystal
proteins of approximately 32 and 31 kDa were located adjacent to
the cryIIIB and cryIIIB2 genes, respectively. The 32- and 31-kDa
crystal proteins failed to enhance the insecticidal activities of
CryIIIB and CryIIIB2.
56 NAL Call. No.:
QD415.A1J6 Chemical characterization of fruit and fungal volatiles
attractive to dried-fruit beetle, Carpophilus hemipterus (L.)
(Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Phelan, P.L.; Lin, H.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Jun.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (6): p. 1253-1272; 1991 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Carpophilus hemipterus; Searching behavior; Bioassays;
Insect traps; Bananas; Chemical composition; Volatile compounds;
Fungi; Wind tunnels; Insect control; Biological control
Abstract: The chemical basis underlying orientation to fruit and
fungal odors was investigated for the dried-fruit beetle,
Carpophilus hemipterus (L.). in wind-tunnel bioassays of walking
and flight response from 1.8 m, beetles were attracted to odors of
the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on agar, aseptic banana, or
banana inoculated with S. cerevisiae, although both banana
substrates elicited greater response than the yeast alone. When
presented in a two-choice bioassay, the yeast-inoculated banana
attracted approximately twice as many beetles as did the aseptic
banana. GC-MS analysis of the head-space volatiles above these odor
sources revealed a somewhat more complex and concentrated volatile
profile for yeast-inoculated banana than for aseptic banana. The
odor from yeast on agar had fewer components, and these were
present at lower concentrations than the odors of either banana
substrate. By blending mineral-oil or aqueous solutions of the 18
components of inoculated-banana odor in varying concentrations, it
was possible to mimic closely the headspace profile of the natural
odor. This synthetic odor also elicited beetle attraction in the
wind tunnel at levels comparable to the inoculated banana. Through
a series of bioassays in which individual components were
subtracted from or added to a synthetic odor blend, it was
determined that ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, 2-pentanol, and 3-
methylbutanol comprised the simplest blend of compounds evoking
full behavioral response. However, 2-methylpropanol or butanol were
apparently interchangeable with 3-methylbutanol in this blend, and
comparable response could also be elicited by replacing
acetaldehyde with a combination of both 2-pentanone and 3-
hydroxy-2-butanone. Thus, our results suggest that this generalist
insect herbivore locates its host by a long-range response to a
variety of blends of common fruit volatiles, whose concentrations
are enhanced by fungi.
57 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N7N45 Chinese wasp offers first biological control of corn's
worst enemy. Holder, W.
Belmont, N.Y. : Cooperative Extension Association of Allegany
County; 1992 May. News and views v. 77 (4): p. 4; 1992 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Zea mays; Ostrinia nubilalis; Trichogramma
ostriniae; Pest control; Integrated pest management
58 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Citrus bud mite.
Phillips, P.A.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1993 Feb. California grower v. 17 (2): p. 26-28; 1993 Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus limon; Aceria sheldoni; Mite
control; Pesticides; Biological control; Crop damage; Field tests;
Abscission; Crop yield; Crop quality; Buds; Sampling; Cost benefit
analysis
59 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Citrus IMP--it works!.
Luck, R.F.; Morse, J.G.; Haney, P.B.; Griffiths, H.J.; Barcinas,
J.M.; Roberts, T.J.; Grafton-Cardwell, E.E.; O'Connell, N.V.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1992 Apr. California grower v. 16 (4): p. 25-27; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus; Citrus fruits; Integrated pest
management; Insect pests; Insect control; Pesticides
60 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
consumption of foliage treated with Bacillus thuringiensis var. san
diego and various feeding stimulants.
Hough-Goldstein, J.; Tisler, A.M.; Zehnder, G.W.; Uyeda, K.A.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Feb.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (1): p. 87-93; 1991 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Delaware; Virginia; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Feeding behavior; Phagostimulants; Bacillus
thuringiensis; Biological control agents; Field tests; Laboratory
tests
Abstract: Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say),
larvae and adults were not behaviorally deterred from, and in some
cases may have been stimulated to increase, feeding initially by
the presence of M-One (Bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego) on
foliage. However, consumption of M-One caused a decrease in
subsequent consumption even of untreated foliage. Although certain
feeding stimulants including sucrose, Coax, Entice, and a mixture
of sucrose, amino acids, chlorogenic acid, and vegetable lecithin
all stimulated feeding on foliage in laboratory tests either with
or without M-One, this increased consumption did not increase
subsequent mortality due to M-One. In a field experiment, increased
consumption may have occurred where M-One was combined with Entice,
but not to an extent sufficient to cause mortality greater than
that on M-One alone.
61 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 OK41C Commercial greenhouse pests.
Schnelle, M.A.; Dole, J.M.; Pinkston, K.N.; Arnold, D.C.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Circular E - Oklahoma State University, Cooperative Extension
Service (909): 8 p.; 1991 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Greenhouse culture; Pests; Insects; Insect pests;
Integrated pest management
62 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 N272EX A common sense approach to turfgrass insect damage
prevention and control. Bruneau, A.H.; Bishop, D.; Shearman, R.C.;
Rosellle, R.E.
Lincoln, Neb. : The Service; 1981 Feb.
EC - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Nebraska
(81-1238): 34 p.; 1981 Feb. In Subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Grasses; Integrated pest management;
Insect control
63 NAL Call. No.:
Videocassette no.1177 Common sense pest control for the home &
garden.. Common sense pest control Bio Integral Resource Center
(Berkeley, Calif.)
Berkeley, CA : Distributed by Bio Integral Resource Center, [198-
?]; 1980-1989.
1 videocassette (11 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. "Slide to tape
transfer"--Container. Title on container: Common sense pest
control.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pesticides; Pests; Garden pests
Abstract: Presents and discusses the components of an integrated
pest management program for homes and gardens such as when, where,
and how to look for pests in a garden and how to control them using
alternatives to pesticides as well as safely using pesticides.
64 NAL Call. No.:
442.8 AN72 Comparative effects of Steinernema feltiae (Nematoda:
Steinernematidae) and insecticides on yield and cropping of the
mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Grewal, P.S.; Richardson, P.N.;
Collins, G.; Edmondson, R.N. Warwick : Association of Applied
Biologists; 1992 Dec.
Annals of applied biology v. 121 (3): p. 511-520; 1992 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Agaricus bisporus; Lycoriella auripila; Neoaplectana
feltiae; Parasites of insect pests; Biological control; Diazinon;
Diflubenzuron; Application rates; Casing; Phytotoxicity; Fungal
morphology; Crop quality; Crop yield; Yield losses
65 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Compatibility of biocontrol agents with present
processing technology. Spotts, R.A.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 214-217; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Biological control; Food processing
66 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 A computer aid for decision-making in apple pest
management. Haley, S.; Currans, K.G.; Croft, B.A.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (276): p. 27-34; 1990 Jul. Paper presented
at the "Second International Symposium on Computer Modelling in
Fruit Research and Orchard Management," September 5-8, 1989, Logan,
Utah. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North America; Apples; Pest management; Expert systems
Abstract: Our computer program is designed to help tree fruit pest
managers make decisions on management of three major apple pests in
western North America, codling moth, San Jose scale and
phytophagous mites. The program operates on an IBM-compatible
microcomputer and uses commercial expert system, database
management and spreadsheet software. The system has three major
components: DIAGNOSE, IDENTIFY and MANAGE. DIAGNOSE identifies
pests from the injury they cause on buds, fruit, leaves or bark.
IDENTIFY determines names of arthropod pests and their common
natural enemies found on trees or fruit or in pheromone traps.
MANAGE, the largest module, calculates the net benefit of a
pesticide application. Submodels predict crop value, pest damage,
control efficacy and control costs. Pest damage predictions are
based on empirical models for codling moth and mites and on an
expert estimate for scale. Efficacies of pesticides are estimated
by experienced researchers. The program predicts the combined value
at harvest of damage from accumulated populations of those pests
selected by the user. Then a list of appropriate pesticides is
presented. Next, the net benefit of an application of the user's
choice of pesticide is calculated. Finally, the user may
graphically compare side effects of the pesticide selected with
those of alternative pesticides. Side effects include toxicities to
other pests, applicator hazard, bee toxicity, toxicity to western
predator mite and risk of resistance development.
67 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.S83 1993 Consumer influences on pest control strategies for
fruits and vegetables. Cartwright, B.; Collins, J.K.; Cuperus, G.W.
Boca Raton, Fla. : Lewis Publishers; 1993.
Successful implementation of integrated pest management for
agricultural crops / edited by Anne R. Leslie, Gerrit W. Cuperus.
p. 151-170; 1993. Paper presented at the National Forum on
Agricultural IPM held June 17-19, 1992 in Arlington, VA., organized
by the Environmental Chemistry Division, American Chemical Society.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Fruit crops; Vegetables; Pest control; Control
programs; Consumer attitudes
68 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Control of army cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
affects wheat yields. Bauernfeind, R.J.; Wilde, G.E.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (1): p. 159-163; 1993 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Triticum; Euxoa auxiliaris; Biological
control; Bacillus thuringiensis; Insect control; Mortality;
Pyrethroid insecticides; Crop yield
Abstract: Several pyrethroid insecticides provided nearly 100%
mortality of army cutworm, Euxoa auxiliaris (Grote), populations
under field conditions in central Kansas. Performances of
endosulfan and chlorpyrifos were variable, but they displayed
adequate insecticidal activity against army cutworms. Bacillus
thuringiensis var. kurstaki, carbofuran, ethyl parathion,
malathion, and methyl parathion did not provide satisfactory
control. Variation in vegetative growth and eventual wheat yields
were not caused solely by larval populations of army cutworms.
Moisture availability favoring vigorous plant growth was an
important factor for plants to withstand army cutworm feeding. Use
of insecticides to control army cutworms was found to be of
variable profitability depending on the circumstances.
69 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P Control of green mold of lemons with Pseudomonas
species.
Smilanick, J.L.; Denis-Arrue, R.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 May.
Plant disease v. 76 (5): p. 481-485; 1992 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lemons; Penicillium digitatum; Plant pathogenic fungi;
Postharvest decay; Biological control; Pseudomonas cepacia;
Antibiotics; Biosynthesis; Antifungal properties
70 NAL Call. No.:
442.8 AN72 Control of potato cyst nematode (Globodera pallida) by
host plant resistance and nematicide.
Gurr, G.M.
Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Aug.
Annals of applied biology v. 121 (1): p. 167-173; 1992 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: England; Solanum tuberosum; Cultivars; Clones;
Globodera pallida; Aldicarb; Varietal susceptibility; Varietal
resistance; Host parasite relationships; Nematode control;
Integrated pest management
71 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Control of powdery mildews in cucumber and rose by
Stephanoascus spp. Jarvis, W.R.; Belanger, R.R.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 86-99; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cucumbers; Roses; Postharvest decay; Sphaerotheca
fuliginea; Sphaerotheca pannosa; Biological control; Ascomycetes
72 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P Control of storage rots on various pear cultivars
with saprophytic strain of Pseudomonas syringae.
Janisiewicz, W.J.; Marchi, A.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Jun.
Plant disease v. 76 (6): p. 555-560; 1992 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pears; Cultivars; Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium
expansum; Fruit rots; Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans; Fungal
antagonists; Saprophytes; Biological control agents; Fungus
control; Storage decay; Injuries; Temperature; Storage dips;
Inoculum density; Varietal reactions; Virulence; Incidence;
Lesions; Temporal variation; Population density
73 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Cover crops.
McMullin, E.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1992 Apr. California grower v. 16 (9): p. 43-44; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus oblonga; Cover crops; Biological
control; Cold injury; Transpiration; Soil texture; Nitrogen; Weed
control; Cost benefit analysis; Water requirements; Erosion
control; Irrigation systems
74 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Degree-day model for vegetable leafminer (Diptera:
Agromyzidae) phenology. Petitt, F.L.; Allen, J.C.; Barfield, C.S.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Aug.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (4): p. 1134-1140; 1991 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Phaseolus lunatus; Liriomyza sativae; Biological
development; Temperature; Heat sums; Phenology; Models
Abstract: The lack of data on temperature-dependent development of
instars of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard is an impediment to research
on biological control of this pest because parasitoids will likely
interact differently with each instar. In this study, development
times of eggs and instars of L. sativae were determined at constant
temperatures of 20, 25, 30, and 35 +/- 1 degree C on Phaseolus
lunatus L. 'Henderson'. Development rates of eggs and larvae
increased linearly with temperature up to 35 degrees C (r2 greater
than or equal to 0.95). More than 91% of the variation in
development rate of first and second instars was explained by
temperature, whereas temperature explained only 42% of the
variation in third-instar development rate. A part of the variation
in development rate of third instars may be explained by the fact
that the designated end point of this stadium (emergence of third
instars from leaves) occurred only during the photophase, Overall,
99.9% of larvae emerged from leaves after 95 degree-days (DD)
(threshold temperature, 10 degrees C). When the constant
temperature data were used to parameterize a stochastic phenology
model for L. sativae, the model predicted that 50% of the
population would advance beyond the egg and first-, second-, and
third-instar stages by 39.2, 67.0, 85.5, and 101.2 DD,
respectively. The model predicted peak proportions of the
population to be in first, second, and third stadia at 52.7, 76.1,
and 93.2 DD. Pooled data from two fluctuating temperature
experiments resulted in very similar estimates of timing of peak
stage proportions (51.3, 74.4, and 94.1 DD, respectively). Degree-
day values at peak stage proportions were used successfully to
determine the temperatures required to advance members of a cohort
to a particular stadium at a given time, thereby facilitating
experiments examining interactions of parasitoids with each larval
instar.
75 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F7 1989 Demography and life tables of fruit flies.
Kapatos, E.T.
Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
Cavalloro. p. 15-23; 1989. (EUR). Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Bactrocera oleae; Rhagoletis cerasi; Rhagoletis
pomonella; Demography; Ecology; Integrated pest management; Life
tables; Problem analysis; Survival
76 NAL Call.
No.: S601.A34 Determining optimal clearing treatments for the alien
invasive shrub Acacia saligna in southwestern Cape, South Africa.
Macdonald, I.A.W.; Wissel, C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Apr.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 39 (3/4): p. 169-186;
1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Africa; Acacia saligna; Non-crop weed control;
Scrub control; Chemical vs. cultural weed control; Manual weed
control; Arboricides; Glyphosate; Triclopyr; Population density;
Stand density; Integrated control; Cutting; Coppice; Coppicing;
Fire; Survival; Labor costs; Operating costs; Probabilistic models
77 NAL Call. No.:
464.8 AN72 Development, implementation, and adoption of expert
systems in plant pathology.
Travis, J.W.; Latin, R.X.
Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews, Inc; 1991.
Annual review of phytopathology v. 29: p. 343-360; 1991.
Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Plant pathology; Plant protection; Integrated pest
management; Decision making; Computer software; Expert systems;
Literature reviews; Disease models
78 NAL Call. No.:
SB387.V572 Development of an IPM program for Florida grapes: a
beginning. Webb, S.E.
Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida A&M University, Center for Viticultural
Science and Small Farm; 1991.
Proceedings of the Florida Grape Conference. p. 21-23; 1991.
Meeting held October 25-26, 1991, Ocala, Florida.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Vineyards; Vitis; Vitacea polistiformis;
Integrated pest management
79 NAL Call.
No.: SB951.P47 Development of integrated crop protection in
glasshouse ornamentals. Fransen, J.J.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
Pesticide science v. 36 (4): p. 329-333; 1992. Paper presented at
the symposium "Integrated Control of Pests and Diseases in
Protected Crops and Greenhouses," May 19-20, 1992, Noordwijkerhout,
The Netherlands. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Netherlands; Ornamental plants; Greenhouse culture;
Integrated control; Plant protection; Disease control; Natural
enemies; Pesticides; Pest resistance; Insect pests; Research;
Literature reviews
Abstract: The production of glasshouse ornamentals in the
Netherlands occupies an area of 5278 ha. The total production value
is 5.76 billion Dutch guilders. A characteristic of the Dutch
ornamental industry is the wide range of products. About 110
species of cut flower and 300 species of pot plant are grown.
Reduction of pesticide use can be achieved by the development of
alternative and additional methods, like the use of monitoring
techniques, natural enemies, host-plant resistance and closed
systems. Information is presented referring to developments in
research, extension and practical application of these methods.
80 NAL Call.
No.: 421 B87 Developmental studies on Anagyrus mangicola
(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the mealybug
Rastrococcus invadens (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Cross, A.E.;
Moore, D.
London : Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International; 1992 Sep.
Bulletin of entomological research v. 82 (3): p. 307-312; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: West Africa; Fruit crops; Ornamental woody plants;
Rastrococcus invadens; Biological control; Anagyrus; Parasites of
insect pests
81 NAL Call.
No.: SB925.B5 Distribution and biological control significance of
Colorado potato beetle spiroplasmas in North America.
Hackett, K.J.; Henegar, R.B.; Whitcomb, R.F.; Lynn, D.E.; Konal,
M.; Schroder, R.F.; Gasparich, G.E.; Vaughn, J.L.; Cantelo, W.W.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Sep.
Biological control v. 2 (3): p. 218-225; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Leptinotarsa;
Chrysomelidae; Spiroplasma; Species diversity; Geographical
distribution; Culture media; Adaptation; Biological control agents
82 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.A1P3 Distribution, biology, ecology and management of potato
tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera:
Gelechiidae): a review. Trivedi, T.P.; Rajagopal, D.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Jul.
Tropical pest management v. 38 (3): p. 279-285; 1992 Jul.
Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Solanum tuberosum; Tubers; Crop damage;
Phthorimaea operculella; Biology; Ecology; Biological control;
Chemical control; Parasites of insect pests; Literature reviews
83 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Diversity and abundance of oriental fruit fly
parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in guava orchards in Kauai,
Hawaii.
Stark, J.D.; Vargas, R.I.; Thalman, R.K.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (5): p. 1460-1467; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Psidium guajava; Bactrocera dorsalis;
Biological control; Incidence; Biosteres; Biosteres arisanus;
Biosteres longicaudatus; Opius; Parasites of insect pests;
Population dynamics; Sex ratio; Diversity; Crop yield
Abstract: Abundance of oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel,
and associated parasitoids was determined in a commercial guava,
Psidium guajava L., orchard by canopy fogging and fruit collections
during 1988 and 1989. D. dorsalis populations reached a maximum of
2.6 adults per tree in 1988 and 1.4 adults per tree in 1989. Four
parasitoid species were recovered from guava tree canopies;
Biosteres arisanus (Sonan) was the most abundant species, followed
by Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), Psyttalia incisi
(Silvestri), and Biosteres vandenboschi (Fullaway), respectively.
D. dorsaits and parasitoids recovered from guava canopies exhibited
different sex ratios from populations that emerged from fruit
samples. Abundance gf D. dorsalis and its parasitoids was
correlated with the number of ripe fruit present in the orchard.
Parasitoid abundance was correlated with D. dorsalis abundance in
1988. Diversity and abundance of parasitoids estimated from canopy
fogging and fruit collections differed.
84 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N7S3 Do you have grubby turf?.
Grant, J.A.
Canton, N.Y. : Agricultural Division, St. Lawrence County
Cooperative Extension Association; 1992 Jul.
St. Lawrence County agricultural news v. 76: p. 8-9; 1992 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Lawns and turf; Coleoptera; Larvae; Pest
control; Biological control agents; Pesticides
85 NAL Call. No.: HD1751.A1S73 no.SP92-1U100
F637fs SP92-1 Economic feasibility of the biological control of the
sweet potato whitefly. Nubern, Chris; Kilmer, Richard L.
Gainesville : Food and Resource Economics Dept., Institute of Food
and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,; 1992.
27 p. ; 28 cm. (Staff paper (University of Florida. Food and
Resource Economics Dept.) ; SP 92-1.). January 1992. Includes
bibliographical references (p. 26-27).
Language: English
Descriptors: Sweet potatoes; Agricultural pests
86 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Effect of citrus bud mite (Acari: Eriophyidae) on
lemon yields. Walker, G.P.; Voulgaropoulos, A.L.; Phillips, P.A.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Aug.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (4): p. 1318-1329; 1992 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus limon; Aceria sheldoni; Crop
quality; Crop yield; Economic thresholds; Integrated pest
management
Abstract: The effect of high population densities of citrus bud
mite, Aceria sheldoni (Ewing), on the quantity and quality of lemon
yields was studied for 4 yr in four commercial groves in coastal
southern California. There were two treatments in each grove:
treated plots where bud mite was suppressed with acaricide
treatments whenever infestation levels increased markedly, and
untreated plots where bud mite was not controlled. Average
percentage of axillary buds infested with citrus bud mite was 7-15%
in treated plots and 45-70% in untreated plots over the 4-yr
period. Citrus bud mite feeding results in distortion of fruit
shape which can result in commercial downgrading. Citrus bud mite
control significantly reduced fruit distortion in all four groves
and significantly improved commercial packout in three of the four
groves. However, significantly less distortion in fruit was not
detected in treated trees until harvests greater than or equal to
10-13 mo after the initial acaricide treatment (lemons in coastal
California are harvested three or four times per year). This
supports the hypothesis that distortion in fruit is caused by
citrus bud mite feeding on embryonic fruit tissue in the buds; once
fruit set, they are unaffected by further citrus bud mite feeding.
Up to 21 mo after the first acaricide treatments, the cumulative
yield did not differ significantly between treated and untreated
plots. In two of the four groves, in the eight harvests between 24
and 48 mo after the first acaricide treatments, the cumulative
yield was often significantly greater (9-13% greater) from treated
than from untreated trees. The other two groves showed no
significant differences in cumulative yield between treated and
untreated trees up to the time of the last harvest (28 and 49 mo
after the first acaricide treatment). In two groves, economic loss
justified the cost of bud mite suppression, and in two groves, the
cost of suppression exceeded the economic benefit of suppression.
87 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Effect of cyromazine and diazinon on three
economically important Hawaiian tephritid fruit flies (Diptera:
Tephritidae) and their endoparasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).
Stark, J.D.; Vargas, R.I.; Messing, R.H.; Purcell, M.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1687-1694; 1992 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Bactrocera cucurbitae; Bactrocera dorsalis;
Ceratitis capitata; Fecundity; Fertility; Progeny; Survival;
Cyromazine; Diazinon; Braconidae; Parasites of insect pests
Abstract: Effects of cyromazine and diazinon on eclosion,
longevity, and reproduction of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis
capitata (Wiedemann); oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis
(Hendel); and melon fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), were
determined. Eclosion and longevity of the braconid endoparasitoids
Psyttalia incisi (Silvestri), P. fletcheri (Silvestri),
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), and D. tryoni (Cameron) and
the reproduction of D. longicaudata and D. tryoni that parasitized
fruit flies exposed to cyromazine and diazinon were also
determined. Formation of puparia was not affected by cyromazine but
was affected by diazinon in a concentration-dependent manner at the
concentrations tested. At LC50 B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae were
more susceptible to cyromazine than to diazinon; C. capitata was
equally susceptible to both chemicals. Eclosion of endoparasitoids
from diazinon-treated hosts was concentration-dependent, but
parasitoid eclosion from cyromazine-treated hosts was not
significantly different from that of controls. Fecundity and
fertility of B. cucurbitae were significantly reduced in females
that survived treatment with 0.5 ppm cyromazine. Production of F1
progeny by D. tryoni that eclosed from flies exposed to 1.0 ppm
diazinon was significantly reduced. Cyromazine had no impact on
progeny production of either D. longicaudata or D. tryoni at the
concentrations tested. Potential use of cyromazine in conjunction
with biological control for fruit fly eradication and control
programs is discussed.
88 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Effect of host fruit species, size, and color on
parasitization of Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) by
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).
Leyva, J.L.; Browning, H.W.; Gilstrap, F.E.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1469-1471; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Citrus; Mangifera indica; Prunus persica; Anastrepha
ludens; Braconidae; Fruit; Size; Color; Parasites of insect pests;
Parasitoids; Biological control agents
Abstract: The effect of fruit species on parasitization of
Anastrepha ludens (Loew) by Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead)
was studied. The roles of fermenting fruit volatiles, size, and
color in host habitat selection by this parasitoid also were
investigated. The lowest percentage parasitism was recorded for
larvae in grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf. On the other hand,
grapefruit volatiles and size proved most attractive to D.
longicaudata. Greater percentage parasitism was recorded for larvae
in smaller and apparently less attractive fruit. The length of the
parasitoid's ovipositor, depth of the fruit pulp, and host larval
behavior could explain these contrasting results. Citrus volatiles
attracted almost twice as many female parasitoids as volatiles of
mango, Mangifera indica L., or peach, Prunus persica L. Fruit > 5
cm in diameter were equally attractive to D. longicaudata.
Selection of colors by D. longicaudata was not statistically
different among colors tested.
89 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Effect of parasitoids on lepidopterous pests in
insecticide-treated and untreated tomatoes in western North
Carolina.
Campbell, C.D.; Walgenbach, J.F.; Kennedy, G.G.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (6): p. 1662-1667; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Lycopersicon esculentum; Crop damage;
Helicoverpa zea; Heliothis virescens; Manduca; Trichoplusia ni;
Biological control; Bacillus thuringiensis; Parasites of insect
pests; Trichogramma; Insecticidal action; Endosulfan; Methomyl
Abstract: Studies were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to identify the
parastoid complex of lepidopterous pests of tomatoes in western
North Carolina, and to assess the compatibility, of various
insecticides with natural control of these pests. Trichogramma
exiguum (Pinto & Platner) and T. pretiosum (Riley) were the primary
egg parasitoids of Helicoverpa (= Heliothis) zea (Boddie) and
Manduca spp. in 1988, whereas T. exiguum was the predominant
species collected from H. zea and Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) in 1989.
Parasitization of H. zea eggs on plants treated with endosulfan,
methomyl, and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. kurstaki did not
differ significantly from the untreated control. However, egg
densities were higher in synthetic insecticide treatments
presumably because of disruption of predators in these treatments.
Despite the low toxicity of esfenvalerate to Trichogramma spp. in
laboratory bioassays, parasitization of H. zea and Heliothis
virescens (F.) eggs in the field was significantly reduced on
esfenvalerate-treated tomatoes. This decreased level of
parasitization was attributed to an avoidance by Trichogramma spp,
to pyrethroid insecticides, which was previously reported. Under
the relatively low-density lepidopterous populations observed in
these studies, the efficacy of specific insecticides against H. zea
and T. ni was more important in preventing damage than the level of
parasitization of these pests, because the treatment with the
lowest level of parasitization (esfenvalerate + B. thuringiensis)
had the lowest levels of fruit damage in both years.
90 NAL Call.
No.: SB925.B5 Effect of potting media on the control of
Otiorhynchus sulcatus larvae on outdoor strawberry plants using the
entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae.
Moorhouse, E.R.; Gillespie, A.T.; Charnley, A.K.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Sep.
Biological control v. 2 (3): p. 238-243; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fragaria; Otiorhynchus sulcatus; Metarhizium
anisopliae; Strains; Growing media; Biological control
91 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Effect of ripeness and location of papaya fruits on the
parasitization rates of oriental fruit fly and melon fly (Diptera:
Tephritidae) by braconid (Hymenoptera) parasitoids.
Liquido, N.J.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (6): p. 1732-1736; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Carica papaya; Bactrocera dorsalis; Bactrocera
cucurbitae; Parasitoids; Biological control agents
Abstract: Parasitization rates of eggs of oriental fruit fly,
Dacus dorsalis Hendel, by Biosteres arisanus (Sonan), and larvae of
melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, by Psytallia fletcheri
(Silvestri) in mature green to fully ripe papaya fruits on trees
and in fully ripe fruits on the ground was studied. Parasitization
of oriental fruit fly eggs by B. arisanus was greater in fully ripe
fruits than in one-quarter to half-ripe fruits on trees; B.
arisanus never parasitized oriental fruit fly eggs in mature green
to color-break fruits. No difference was observed in the density of
emergent B. arisanus adults from oriental fruit fly pupae recovered
from fully ripe fruits on trees and on the ground. Parasitization
of melon fly larvae by P. fletcheri was observed in only one fully
ripe, fallen fruit. Results in relation to the effect of host
plants on the foraging behavior of adult parasitoids and to the
biological control of oriental fruit fly and melon fly in an
agricultural ecosystem were discussed.
92 NAL Call. No.:
QD415.A1J6 Effect of trichome B exudate of Solanum berthaultii
Hawkes on consumption by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
decemlineata (Say). Pelletier, Y.; Smilowitz, Z.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1990 May.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 16 (5): p. 1547-1555; 1990 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Solanum berthaultii; Trichomes; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Plant composition; Antifeedants; Pest resistance;
Insect control; Biological control
Abstract: The leaf extract from S. berthaultii Hawkes (PI473340)
contains exudate from trichomes (type B). Consumption of S.
tuberosum var. Norchip foliage by the Colorado potato beetle
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) was reduced when treated with the
leaf extract. The leaf extract from a resistant S. berthaultii
clone without type B trichome had no antifeedant activity. It
suggests that more than one mechanism of resistance to the Colorado
potato beetle exists in S. berthaultii.
93 NAL Call. No.:
100 C12CAG Effect on yield from shaking almond trees for mummy nut
removal. Sibbett, G.S.; Curtis, C.E.; Gerdts, M.; Clark, J.D.
Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
University of California; 1983 Jul.
California agriculture v. 37 (7/8): p. 20; 1983 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Prunus dulcis; Amyelois transitella;
Integrated control; Tree shakers; Crop yield
94 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 M36FA Effective lawn care with reduced pesticide and
fertilizer use. Turner, T.R.; Hellman, J.L.
College Park, Md. : The Service; 1991-1992.
Fact sheet - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Maryland
(637): 7 p.; 1991-1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Lawns and turf; Site selection; Site
preparation; Cultivars; Insect pests; Biological control;
Fertilizers; Mowing; Grass clippings; Thatch; Irrigation; Disease
control; Weed control
95 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J828 Effectiveness of selected granular acaricide
formulations in suppressing populations of Ixodes dammini (Acari:
Ixodidae): short-term control of nymphs and larvae.
Schulze, T.L.; Taylor, G.C.; Jordan, R.A.; Bosler, E.M.; Shisler,
J.K. Lanham, Md. : The Entomological Society of America; 1991 Sep.
Journal of medical entomology v. 28 (5): p. 624-629; 1991 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New Jersey; Ixodes dammini; Larvae; Nymphs; Population
density; Acaricides; Application methods; Granules; Incidence;
Insect traps; Lyme disease; Mice
Abstract: Applications of selected granular acaricide formulations
to the shrub layer of forested habitats during the peak activity
periods of Ixodes dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin
nymphs and larvae significantly reduced the abundance of these
stages on Peromyscus leucopus. The granules effectively penetrated
growing vegetation and suppressed populations of subadult ticks
questing in the leaf litter. The use of granular acaricide
formulations provides the only documented method of control of
free-living I. dammini nymphs and larvae in dense vegetation. As
such, this technique will serve as a major component of any
integrated control program against this vector tick species.
96 NAL Call. No.:
442.8 AN72 The effects of deep cultivation and oxamyl on control of
potato cyst-nematode, Globodera rostochiensis.
Whitehead, A.G.; Nichols, A.J.F.
Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Feb.
Annals of applied biology v. 120 (1): p. 65-72; 1992 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uk; Solanum tuberosum; Cultivars; Globodera
rostochiensis; Oxamyl; Deep tillage; Soil compaction; Sandy loam
soils; Integrated control; Tubers; Crop yield
97 NAL Call.
No.: S601.A34 Effects of different components of IPM in the
management of the potato tuber moth, in storage.
Das, G.P.; Magallona, E.D.; Raman, K.V.; Adalla, C.B.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Sep.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 41 (3/4): p. 321-325;
1992 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Potatoes; Cultivars; Phthorimaea operculella; Insect
pests; Stored products pests; Integrated pest management;
Integrated control; Granulosis viruses; Deltamethrin; Bacillus
thuringiensis; Lantana camara; Infestation; Varietal resistance
98 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Effects of environment and nutrition on conidium
germination and appressorium formation by Zoophthora radicans,
(Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales): A pathogen of the potato
leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
Magalhaes, B.P.; Humber, R.A.; Shields, E.J.; Roberts, D.W. Lanham,
Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1460-1468; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Empoasca; Erynia radicans; Conidia; Germination;
Appressoria; Temperature; Ph; Culture media; Biological control
agents
Abstract: Conidium germination and differentiation of Zoophthora
radicans on water agar were investigated to identify requirements
for the production of appressoria, the structures needed for
virulence. Appressorium formation was more sensitive to
environmental and nutritional changes than was conidium
germination. Temperature affected both formation of germ tubes and
appressoria, and the best temperature-nutrient interaction was
found for appressorium formation at 25-30 degrees C and 1% yeast
extract. At 15 degrees C, conidium germination was depressed
independent of the nutrient concentration, and appressoria did not
form. The volume of liquid overlaying the conidia and the yeast
extract concentration individually affected appressorium formation.
The best interaction between the volume of liquid and yeast extract
concentration was the combination of a large volume of liquid
medium (3 ml/962 mm2 surface area) and 1% yeast extract. Of the 12
nitrogen sources tested, the best for germination and appressorium
formation were yeast extract and Bacto-Soytone. Glucose, maltose,
and starch were the best of the 12 carbon sources tested.
Increasing osmotic pressure caused by different concentrations of
maltose and polyethylene glycol adversely affected formation of
germ tubes and appressoria. Subculturing did not affect formation
of germ tubes, but the frequency of appressorium formation
decreased after 12 transfers. The best pH for appressorium
formation was between 7.0 and 7.2. Z. radicans produced appressoria
on cuticles of dead Empoasca fabae (Harris) nymphs at 25 degrees C
in the dark.
99 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Effects of neem seed extracts on tephritid fruit flies
(Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids in Hawaii.
Stark, J.D.; Vargas, R.I.; Wong, T.Y.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1990 Nov.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(86): p. 106-112; 1990 Nov. Paper presented at the USDA Neem
Workshop, April 16-17, 1990, Beltsville, Maryland. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Ceratitis capitata; Bactrocera dorsalis;
Bactrocera cucurbitae; Insect control; Neem seed extract; Parasites
of insect pests; Adverse effects; Nontarget effects
100 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Effects of sage brush removal and herbivory by mormon
crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) on understory plant biomass
and cover.
Redak, R.A.; Capinera, J.L.; Bonham, C.D.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Feb.
Environmental entomology v. 21 (1): p. 94-102; 1992 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Colorado; Artemisia tridentata; Biological control;
Brush control; Anabrus simplex; Biomass; Ecosystems; Ground cover
plants; Rangelands; Undergrowth
Abstract: The effects of herbivory by the Mormon cricket, Anabrus
simplex Haldeman (Orthoptera:Tettigoniidae), and removal of
sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) on understory plant biomass
production and cover were determined. Averaged over a 3-yr period,
50-75% removal of sagebrush resulted in an approximately 20%
increase in summer understory biomass production; understory plant
cover was not affected by sagebrusb removal. Mormon crickets, at
densities of four and eight crickets per square meter during a 5-wk
period, did not significantly affect understory plant biomass
production but did reduce forb and total vegetative cover. Mormon
cricket herbivory and sagebrush removal were independent with
respect to their effects on understory vegetation. Furthermore, the
incomplete removal of sagebrush did not affect the feeding ecology
of Mormon crickets. Analysis of cricket crop contents suggested
that sagebrush was fed upon predominantly; there was little dietary
overlap between crickets and cattle. As long as some sagebrush is
left intact (e.g., 25%), sagebrush control programs are unlikely to
influence Mormon cricket diet selection or damage potential. Cover
estimates, which are commonly used by ranchers and rangeland
managers to estimate forage availability, provide deceptive
assessments of cricket effects, untimely perhaps leading to an
undeserved reputation as a rangeland pest.
101 NAL Call. No.:
421 R322AE Endovum puttleri (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), an
introduced entomophage of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
decemlineata (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Ziskind, L.A.; Mityakina,
O.N.
New York, N.Y. : Scripta Publishing; 1991 Oct.
Entomological review v. 70 (1): p. 142-148; 1991 Oct. Translated
from: Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, (10), 1990, p. 70-76. (410 R92).
Includes references.
Language: English; Russian
Descriptors: Rsfsr; U.S.S.R.in europe; U.S.A.; Solanum tuberosum;
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Biological control; Edovum puttleri;
Fecundity; Introduced species; Parasites of insect pests;
Reproduction; Survival
102 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Environmental Protection Agency oversight of microbial
pesticides. Mendelsohn, M.; Rispin, A.; Hutton, P.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 234-240; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Microbial pesticides; Regulations
103 NAL Call.
No.: SB403.F47 Establishing a successful IMP program.
Eddy, R.
West Lafayette, Ind. : The Service; 1992.
Floriculture Indiana - Purdue University, Horticulture Department,
Cooperative Extension Service v. 6 (4): p. 12-15; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Indiana; Greenhouse culture; Integrated pest
management; Cultural control; Sticky traps; Insecticides
104 NAL Call.
No.: TP440.P67 European apple warehouse practices.
Kupferman, E.M.
Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University Cooperative Extension;
1991 Aug. Tree fruit postharvest journal v. 2 (3): p. 3-15; 1991
Aug.
Language: English
Descriptors: Europe; Apples; Storage; Warehouses; Varieties;
Packing; Crop production; Quality; Controlled atmosphere storage;
Scald; Prevention; Integrated pest management; Pesticide residues
105 NAL Call.
No.: S587.T47 Evaluation of some insecticides against beet armyworm
(Spodoptera exigua) in watermelon.
Belda, J.; Guerrero, L.
London : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 May.
Tests of agrochemicals and cultivars (13): p. 12-13; 1992 May.
Supplement to Annals of applied biology, volume 120.
Language: English
Descriptors: Citrullus lanatus; Spodoptera exigua; Insect pests;
Bacillus thuringiensis; Insect control; Application rates;
Integrated pest management; Assessment; Hexaflumuron;
Teflubenzuron; Trichlorfon; Fruits; Crop damage; Surface layers;
Population density; Infestation
106 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Evaluation of various spray nozzle and volume
combinations for control of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) with synthetic and biological insecticides.
Zehnder, G.W.; Speese, J. III
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (6): p. 1842-1849; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Insect control; Biological control; Bacillus
thuringiensis; Cryolite; Permethrin; Nozzles; Volume
Abstract: Field experiments were done in potatoes, Solanum
tuberosum L., to evaluate various spray nozzle and volume
combinations for control of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
decemlineata (Say), with synthetic insecticides and Bacillus
thuringiensis. Colorado potato beetles were moderately tolerant to
permethrin, and use of hollow-cone nozzles resulted in improved
control compared with flat-fan nozzles. When flat-fan nozzles were
used with permethrin, increasing spray volume from 103 to 298
liter/ha resulted in a reduction in defoliation and an increase in
tuber yield. Colorado potato beetles were highly susceptible to
esfenvalerate. Nozzle type and spray volume had no significant
effect on insect density or defoliation. However, a significant
linear relationship existed between Colorado potato beetle counts
and esfenvalerate spray- volume, On some sample dates, density of
Colorado potato beetles was reduced in the high volume (467
liter/ha) esfenvalerate treatment compared with the low volume (93
liter/ha) treatment. Efficacy, of cryolite for control of Colorado
potato beetle was not significantly influenced by nozzle type or
spray, volume treatment. in experiments with B. thuringiensis var.
san diego (M-One Insecticide), use of three hollow-cone drop
nozzles per row resulted in significantly lower Colorado potato
beetle density and defoliation, compared with use of hollow-cone
nozzles arranged over the tops of the plants. Colorado potato
beetle control with B
thuringiensis was enhanced (with both nozzle treatments) by
increasing spray volume from 140 to 560 liter/ha.
107 NAL Call.
No.: 79.8 W41 Evidence that sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is
allelopathic to yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus).
Harrison, H.F. Jr; Peterson, J.K.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr. Weed
science v. 39 (2): p. 308-312; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Carolina; Ipomoea batatas; Allelopathy; Cyperus
esculentus; Weed control; Biological control; Competitive ability;
Crop weed competition; Roots; Growth rate; Inhibition; Plant
extracts; Periderm; Crop yield; Tubers
Abstract: In field studies, 'Regal' sweet potato greatly reduced
yellow nutsedge growth when the two species were grown together
using standard cultural practices. At the end of the growing
season, yellow nutsedge shoot dry weight per m2, in plots where the
two species were planted together was less than 10% of shoot weight
in plots where nutsedge was grown alone. Presence of yellow
nutsedge did not markedly affect sweet potato growth. When grown
together in a greenhouse experiment designed to minimize the
competitive effects of sweet potato on yellow nutsedge, yellow
nutsedge growth was reduced more than 50% by sweet potato 8 and 12
weeks after planting. The most polar fraction of serially extracted
sweet potato periderm tissue was highly inhibitory to yellow
nutsedge root growth. These results indicate that sweet potato
interference with yellow nutsedge under field conditions is
partially due to allelopathy.
108 NAL Call. No.: MdULD3231.M70d
Hanks, L.M. Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of
the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-
Tozzetti)(Homoptera--Diaspididae) host plants and natural enemies.
Hanks, Lawrence Michael
University of Maryland at College Park, Dept. of Entomology 1991;
1991.
ix, 189 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. Thesis research directed by Dept.
of Entomology. Includes bibliographical references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Scale insects; Ornamental trees; Fruit trees; Insect-
plant relationships
109 NAL Call. No.:
Videocassette no.1212 Farmer to farmer strategies for sustainable
agriculture.. Field crops Rotational grazing Vegetables IPM for
vegetables and small fruits IPM for apples High-value marketing
High value marketing
Rooy Media (Firm)
Frederick, Md. : Rooy Media ; Emmaus, Pa. : Distributed by Rodale
Institue,; 1991.
6 videocassettes (180 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 video
resource and viewing guide (13 p.).. "Partial funding for this
video series and the ... guide was provided by a grant from USDA's
Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture Program, Northeast Region"--P.
[i] of guide.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sustainable agriculture; Pests; Grazing
Abstract: Using farmers to talk to their peers informally and
frankly about their experiences with sustainable agriculture, the
videos are designed to help farmers get acquainted with six key
strategies for sustainable agriculture. Photographed over the
course of a growing season, the structure allows for an
introduction to the six subjects, while promoting follow-up
discussion after viewing each video.
110 NAL Call. No.:
Videocassette no.1212 Farmer to farmer strategies for sustainable
agriculture.. Field crops Rotational grazing Vegetables IPM for
vegetables and small fruits IPM for apples High-value marketing
High value marketing
Rodale Institute, Rooy Media (Firm)
Frederick, Md. : Rooy Media ; Emmaus, Pa. : Distributed by Rodale
Institue,; 1991.
6 videocassettes (180 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 video
resource and viewing guide (13 p.).. "Partial funding for this
video series and the ... guide was provided by a grant from USDA's
Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture Program, Northeast Region"--P.
[i] of guide.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sustainable agriculture; Pests; Grazing
Abstract: Using farmers to talk to their peers informally and
frankly about their experiences with sustainable agriculture, the
videos are designed to help farmers get acquainted with six key
strategies for sustainable agriculture. Photographed over the
course of a growing season, the structure allows for an
introduction to the six subjects, while promoting follow-up
discussion after viewing each video.
111 NAL Call.
No.: 421 EN895 Field cage performance of two tachinid parasitoids
of the tomato fruitworm on insect resistant and susceptible tomato
lines.
Farrar, R.R. Jr; Kennedy, G.
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1983 Apr.
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata v. 67 (1): p. 73-78; 1983
Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lycopersicon esculentum; Lines; Pest resistance;
Susceptibility; Helicoverpa zea; Host parasite relationships;
Archytas marmoratus; Eucelatoria; Parasites of insect pests
112 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Field efficacy and persistence of entomogenous
nematodes in the management of white grubs (Coleoptera:
Scarabaeidae) in turf and pasture. Forschler, B.T.; Gardner, W.A.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (5): p. 1454-1459; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Lawns and turf; Pastures; Scarabaeidae;
Biological control; Entomophilic nematodes; Heterorhabditis
heliothidis; Steinernema; Persistence
Abstract: The entomogenous nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae
(Weiser) and Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks &
Hirschmann) were used to control white grubs in turf and pasture.
In the turf trial, nematode concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, or 1
million nematodes per m2 were evaluated. only 12% of the grubs were
killed by the nematodes at all three concentrations. In the pasture
trial, nematode concentrations of 0.5 and 1.5 million per m2 were
applied alone or in combination with diazinon (2.25 kg [AI]/ha).
Comparisons (t tests) of the mean number of grubs recovered from
each treatment area 2-4 wk after application showed significant
reductions in the grub populations in both trials after certain
nematode treatments. When applied at a rate of 1.5 million per m2,
nematodes persisted for 8 wk after application in the pasture
trial. In other tests of persistence, nematodes survived as long as
5 wk after application. Nematophagous fungi were recovered from
treated areas and untreated plots; however, no significant
increases in numbers of propagules occurred after application.
Predaceous mite populations did significantly increase after
application in one trial. Many of these mites are considered
nematophagous.
113 NAL Call.
No.: S601.A34 Field use of granulosis virus to reduce initial
storage infestation of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea
operculella (Zeller), in North Africa. BenSalah, H.; Aalbu, R.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Feb.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 38 (3): p. 119-126; 1992
Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tunisia; Solanum tuberosum; Potatoes; Granulosis
viruses; Viral insecticides; Phthorimaea operculella; Insect
control; Biological control; Preharvest sprays; Dusts;
Mediterranean climate; Biological control agents
114 NAL Call. No.:
QD415.A1J6 Floral volatiles of Tanacetum vulgare L. attractive to
Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. females.
Gabel, B.; Thiery, D.; Suchy, V.; Marion-Poll, F.; Hradsky, P.;
Farkas, P. New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992 May.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 18 (5): p. 693-701; 1992 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tanacetum vulgare; Lobesia botrana; Vitis vinifera;
Flowers; Extracts; Plant composition; Allelochemicals; Terpenoids;
Smell; Insect control
Abstract: The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana, is
a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a
nonhost plant: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed
in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of tansy flowers
was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG
technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory
receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks
corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more
than 70% of the females (N = 15): p-cymene, d-limonene, alpha-
thujene, alpha-thujone, beta-thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-
ol, (Z)-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of tansy as
well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released
consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants
and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.
115 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Fungicide application according to infection periods,
a must for integrated scab control?.
Schuepp, H.; Bosshard, E.; Siegfried, W.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Dec. Acta horticulturae (285): p. 175-186; 1990 Dec. Paper
presented at the symposium on "Integrated Fruit Production,"
September 11-15, 1989, Wadenswil, Switzerland. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Malus pumila; Fungal diseases; Infection; Fungicides;
Integrated control
Abstract: Since 1976 apple scab has been successfully controlled
by fungicides applied according to infection periods in
experimental plots and also in a steadily increasing number of
commercial orchards. To guarantee adequate preventive and curative
action at the same time captanoid fungicides (e.g. Capan, Folpet,
Dichlofluanid) were applied in combination with compounds having a
curative activity. In the seventies benzimidazol-fungicides were
used as the curative component and after 1980 they were gradually
replaced by sterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicides (SBI). To
prevent storage diseases (mainly Gloeosporium species and storage
scab) two sprays of captan are essential in late summer. Using
captanoid fungicides is also part of the strategy to prevent
buildup of resistance of Venturia inadequalis against SBI.
Monitoring scab-resistance to SBI is of utmost importance since the
control according to infection period depends entirely on their
excellent curative action.
116 NAL Call.
No.: QH301.N32 Future alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the
control of postharvest diseases.
Wilson, C.L.; Wisniewski, M.E.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992.
NATO ASI series : Series A : Life sciences v. 230: p. 133-138;
1992. In the series analytic: Biological control of plant
diseases: progress and challenges for the future / edited by E.C.
Tjamos, G.C. Papavizas and R.J. Cook. Proceedings of a NATO
Advanced Research Workshop, May 19-24, 1991, Cape Sounion, Athens,
Greece. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
Antagonists; Fungicides; Fungus control; Plant extracts
117 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Good guy insects are beneficial to growers.
Blanchard-Chess, B.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1992 May. California grower v. 16 (5): p. 16, 18, 20; 1992 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus fruits; Insect pests; Integrated
pest management; Biological control agents
118 NAL Call.
No.: 79.8 W41 Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control in bermudagrass
(Cynodon spp.) turf with diclofop.
McCarty, L.B.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr. Weed
science v. 39 (2): p. 255-261; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Cynodon dactylon; Hybrids; Cultivars; Lawns
and turf; Eleusine indica; Weed control; Chemical control;
Diclofop; Cutting height; Cultural weed control; Integrated
control; Herbicide mixtures; Metribuzin; Msma; Nonionic
surfactants; Application rates; Phytotoxicity; Varietal
susceptibility; Sports grounds; Golf courses; Crop quality
Abstract: Greenhouse and field experiments were performed to
investigate diclofop rate and mowing height interactions on
goosegrass control and 'Tifgreen' and 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass
tolerance. In greenhouse experiments, greatest goosegrass control
was achieved with diclofop when plants were maintained at 1.3 cm.
Increased diclofop rates were required to suppress goosegrass mowed
higher than 1.3 cm or unmowed. Greater than 90% goosegrass control
was achieved with the combination of 1.3-cm mowing height and 0.6
kg ai ha-1 of diclofop. In field experiments, a minimum of 2 weeks
was necessary for complete herbicidal activity. Diclofop at 1.1 kg
ha-1 provided >90% control of goosegrass mowed between 1.9 to 2.5
cm. The addition of nonionic surfactant (0.25% by vol) to diclofop
did not influence control. The addition of metribuzin (0.1 kg ai
ha-1) to diclofop resulted in initial increased control, but it was
transient. The addition of MSMA (2.2 kg ai ha-1) to diclofop
reduced goosegrass control an average of 18% compared to diclofop
treatments alone. Tifdwarf bermudagrass was more sensitive to
diclofop compared to Tifgreen. Seven to 14 days were required for
Tifdwarf to recover from initial injury. This injury, although
significant, was acceptable for bermudagrass used for golf greens.
Clipping weights following treatment were also less for Tifdwarf
than Tifgreen.
119 NAL Call.
No.: QL461.A52 The grape phylloxera--a celebration of its own.
Smith, E.H.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992.
American entomologist v. 38 (4): p. 212-221. ill; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; France; U.S.A.; Vitis; Crosses; Cultivars;
Pest resistance; Rootstocks; Viteus vitifoliae; Biological control;
Parasites of insect pests; Acarus
120 NAL Call.
No.: QD1.A45 Imidacloprid. A new nitroguanidine insecticide.
Mullins, J.W.
Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1993.
ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (524): p. 183-198;
1993. In the series analytic: Pest control with enhanced
environmental safety / edited by S.O. Duke, J.J. Menn, and J.R.
Plimmer. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nitroimidazoles; Toxicity; Foliar application; Seed
dressings; Soil treatment
Abstract: Imidacloprid (code name: BAY NTN 33893; Chemical
Abstract Name: 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-
imidazolidinimine) is a highly effective insecticide being
developed in the U.S. by Miles Inc. and by Bayer AG worldwide.
Imidacloprid is a systemic and contact insecticide exhibiting low
mammalian toxicity, with primary activity on sucking insects such
as aphids, leafhoppers and planthoppers, thrips and whiteflies,
including strains resistant to conventional chemistries. It is also
effective against some Coleoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera.
Imidacloprid has a novel mode of action, and no cross resistance
from any resistant species has been detected via oral ingestion of
imidacloprid in worldwide field and laboratory testing. With
excellent systemic and good residual characteristics, imidacloprid
is especially appropriate for seed treatment and soil application.
Effective early season control with long-lasting protection is
achieved in crops such as cereals, corn, cotton, potatoes, rice,
sorghum and many vegetables. Pests attacking later in the season
can be controlled by foliar applications in the above-mentioned
crops, as well as in citrus, deciduous fruits, grapes and other
crops. General characteristics of imidacloprid, including
biological activity, environmental safety and potential for
Insecticide Resistance Management and IPM, are presented and
discussed.
121 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.A2C47 IMP 1991 commercial apple: insect, disease, and weed
control recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.
Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1990 Dec.
Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University (11): 11 p.; 1990 Dec. In subseries: Integrated Pest
Management.
Language: English
Descriptors: Malus pumila; Insect control; Disease control; Weed
control; Insecticides; Fungicides; Pesticides; Herbicides
122 NAL Call. No.: 100 F66S
(1) no.875 The impact of integrated pest management on selected
vegetable crops in Florida.
Pohronezny, Kenneth Louis,
Gainesville, Fla. : Agricultural Experiment Station, Institute of
Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,; 1989.
vi, 67 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Bulletin (University of Florida.
Agricultural Experiment Station) 875.). "September 1989"--Cover.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).
Language: English
Descriptors: Plant parasites; Pesticides
123 NAL Call. No.:
SB608.A6A33 1990 Impacts of the University of Connecticut
integrated pest management program for apples 1984-1987.
Adams, Roger G.; Los, Lorraine M.
Connecticut : Cooperative Extension System, University of
Connecticut, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, [1990?];
1990.
24 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Cover title. 90-22.
Language: English
Descriptors: Apple; Pests; Farmers
124 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Implementation and adoption of an agricultural expert
system: the Penn State Apple Orchard Consultant.
Rajotte, E.G.; Bowser, T.; Travis, J.W.; Crassweller, R.M.; Musser,
W.; Laughland, D.; Sachs, C.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1992
Oct. Acta horticulturae (313): p. 227-231; 1992 Oct. Paper
presented at the Third International Symposium on Computer
Modelling in Fruit Research and Orchard Management, February 11-14,
1992, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Malus pumila; Orchards; Commercial
farming; Growers; Decision making; Crop management; Integrated pest
management; Expert systems; Information retrieval
125 NAL Call. No.:
100 C12CAG Imported parasite may help control European asparagus
aphid. Daane, K.M.; Yokota, G.Y.; Gill, R.F.; Caltagirone, L.E.;
Hagen, K.S.; Gonzalez, D.; Stary, P.; Chaney, W.E.
Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
University of California; 1992 Nov.
California agriculture v. 46 (6): p. 12-14; 1992 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Asparagus officinalis; Hemiptera; Insect
pests; Crop damage; Parasites of insect pests; Biological control
126 NAL Call. No.:
100 C12CAG Imported parasite of greenhouse thrips established on
California avocado. McMurtry, J.A.; Johnson, H.G.; Newberger, S.J.
Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
University of California; 1991 Nov.
California agriculture v. 45 (6): p. 31-32; 1991 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Vespidae; Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis;
Integrated pest management; Biological control; Persea Americana
127 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Induced resistance in relation to fruit and vegetables.
Biles, C.L.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 161-166; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit; Vegetables; Postharvest decay; Induced
resistance
128 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Induction of resistance of avocado fruits to
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides attack using CO2 treatments.
Prusky, D.; Plumbley, R.A.; Kobiler, I.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 243-255; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Avocados; Glomerella cingulata; Postharvest decay;
Induced resistance; Carbon dioxide
129 NAL Call.
No.: 420 F662 Infection of sound-trapped mole crickets,
Scapteriscus spp., by Steinernema scapterisci.
Parkman, J.P.; Frank, J.H.
Winter Haven, Fla. : Florida Entomological Society; 1992 Mar.
Florida entomologist v. 75 (1): p. 163-165; 1992 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Grasslands; Lawns and turf; Scapteriscus;
Biological control; Insect control; Sound traps; Steinernema
130 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.O5O5 Information on insecticides for greenhouse growers.
Pinkston, K.; Criswell, J.; Cuperus, G.; Schnelle, M.A.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Nov.
OSU extension facts - Cooperative Extension Service, Oklahoma State
University (6712): 12 p.; 1992 Nov. In subseries: IPM in the
Greenhouse Series. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Greenhouses; Insecticides; Growth regulators;
Resistance; Phytotoxicity; Biological control; Spraying precautions
131 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 W27MI Insect biology supplement to 1992 crop protection
guide for tree fruits in Washington.
Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
E.M. - Washington State University, Cooperative Extension Service
(4850): 15 p.; 1992 Jan.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Tree fruits; Plant protection; Insect
pests; Insects; Pesticides; Integrated pest management
132 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 N272EX Insect pest management strategies for yards and
gardens.
Baxendale, F.P.; Wright, R.J.
Lincoln, Neb. : The Service; 1992.
EC - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Nebraska
(92-1555-C): 9 p.; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Domestic gardens; Integrated pest management; Insect
control; Insecticides; Rotations; Mulching; Cultural control;
Biological control
133 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Insect pests of taro (Colocasia esculenta) and their
biological controls in American Samoa.
Vargo, A.M.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 161-164; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: American samoa; Colocasia esculenta; Insect pests;
Biological control; Parasites of insect pests; Evaluation;
Intercropping
134 NAL Call. No.:
SB118.48.Y26 Insect predators on ornamentals.
Miller, G.L.
Storrs, CT : University of Connecticut, Dept. of Plant Science;
1991. Yankee nursery quarterly v. 1 (3): p. 8-9; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Biological control agents; Ornamental plants; Insect
pests; Insect control; Predators of insect pests
135 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Insecticidal activity of EG4961, a novel strain of
Bacillus thuringiensis toxic to larvae and adults of southern corn
rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Colorado potato beetle
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Johnson, T.B.; Slaney, A.C.; Donovan,
W.P.; Rupar, M.J.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (2): p. 330-333; 1993 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diabrotica; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Biological
control; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bacterial proteins; Insecticidal
action
Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis strain EG4961 was isolated from
grain dust. This strain produces a parasporal inclusion body
composed of a unique 74.4-kdal insecticidal crystal protein. This
protein is toxic to larvae and adults of several Coleopteran
species including Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata
(Say), and southern corn rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata
howardi Barber, a species that is relatively unaffected by the
previously described CryIIIA insecticidal crystal protein. The
discovery of EG4961 provides for the possibility of microbial-based
control strategies for Diabrotica spp. and other Coleoptera.
136 NAL Call.
No.: SB957.R47 Insecticide resistance and management of diamondback
moth and imported cabbage worm in the People's Republic of China.
Zhu, G.R.; Zhao, J.Z.; Wu, S.C.; Wu, S.X.
East Lansing, Mich. : Pesticide Research Center, Michigan State
University; 1991 Jul.
Resistant pest management v. 3 (2): p. 25-26; 1991 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: China; Cruciferae; Plutella xylostella; Pieris rapae;
Insecticide resistance; Insecticides; Integrated pest management;
Rotations; Application date; Application rates; Insect control
137 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Insecticides affect predatory arthropods and
predation on Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) eggs and
fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pupae in turfgrass.
Terry, L.A.; Potter, D.A.; Spicer, P.G.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Jun.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (3): p. 871-878; 1993 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kentucky; Poa pratensis; Popillia japonica; Spodoptera
frugiperda; Ova; Pupae; Biological control; Insects; Predators of
insect pests; Carbaryl; Cyfluthrin; Isazofos
Abstract: The relative short-term effect of three insecticides on
predatory arthropods and their potential to interfere with natural
predation on pest insects or to induce resurgences of white grubs
were evaluated in Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis L., turf. A
single surface application of isazofos in mid-June caused
significant short-term reductions in abundance of spiders, ants,
staphylinids, carabid larvae, histerids, and other predominantly
predatory groups. Carbaryl and cyfluthrin also affected some groups
of predators, but their impact was generally less severe than for
isazofos. Pupae of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E.
Smith), and eggs of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman,
implanted into treated or control plots 1-2 wk after treatment
sustained predation losses as high as 60 and 74%, respectively,
within 48 h. Predation on pupae was not significantly affected by
the insecticides, but predation on Japanese beetle eggs was reduced
by as much as 70% in plots that had been previously treated with
isazofos or carbaryl. Predatory Coleoptera, including Carabidae,
Staphylinidae, Cicindelidae, and Histeridae, collected from
turfgrass readily consumed Japanese beetle eggs or first-instars in
laboratory trials. Plots treated with isazofos during the Japanese
beetle oviposition period incurred significantly higher natural
populations of white grubs than did control plots. These findings
suggest that by disrupting predation on eggs and young larvae,
insecticides applied to turfgrass before scarabaeid eggs have
hatched could predispose lawns or golf courses to higher densities
of white grubs and possibly other pests.
138 NAL Call.
No.: aSD11.A48 Insects and shrubs dieoff in western states: 1986-89
survey results. Haws, B.A.; Bohart, G.E.; Nelson, C.R.; Nelson,
D.L.
Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1990 Nov.
General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (276): p. 127-151;
1990 Nov. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Cheatgrass
invasion, shrub die-off, and other aspects of shrub biology and
management," April 5-7, 1989, Las Vegas, Nevada. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Utah; Atriplex confertifolia; Atriplex canescens;
Artemisia; Insect pests; Integrated pest management; Ploidy
139 NAL Call.
No.: 79.8 W41 Insects, nematodes, and pathogens associated with
horsenettle (Solanum carolinese) in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)
pastures.
Nichols, R.L.; Cardina, J.; Lynch, R.L.; Minton, N.A.; Wells, H.D.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Apr. Weed
science v. 40 (2): p. 320-325; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Cynodon dactylon; Pastures; Solanum
carolinense; Perennial weeds; Natural enemies; Biological control
agents; Surveys; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Epitrix; Gelechiidae;
Erysiphe cichoracearum; Rhizoctonia solani; Pratylenchus; Plant
parasitic nematodes; Plant pathogens; Seasonal abundance
Abstract: Horsenettle is a deep-rooted perennial weed that cannot
be easily controlled by mechanical means or by a single chemical
application. A study was conducted at two sites for two consecutive
years to identify biological factors that might limit its growth.
Insects, nematodes, and plant pathogens were collected from
horsenettle growing in bermudagrass pastures. The insects most
commonly found included the Colorado potato beetle and the eggplant
flea beetle. An unidentified lepidopteron, family Gelechiidae, was
found at very low frequency as pupae in hollow leaf chambers
constructed at the apices of flowering meristems. Infested apices
bore no fruit. Seven genera of nematodes were found in the soil at
both sites, but only very low numbers of lesion nematodes were
recovered from horsenettle roots, and these had caused little
damage. Root rot was observed under wet soil conditions on plants
damaged by trampling. A downy mildew was prevalent at both sites in
both years in October.
140 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Integrated control of Dacus oleae (Gmel.):
relationship among time of olive ripening, dipteral ethology and
oil quality.
Iannotta, N.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Dec. Acta horticulturae (286): p. 363-365; 1990 Dec. Paper
presented at the "International Symposium on Olive Growing," Sept.
26-29, 1989, Cordoba, Spain.
Language: English
Descriptors: Olea europaea; Bactrocera oleae; Insect pests;
Integrated pest management; Harvesting date; Crop quality
141 NAL Call.
No.: SB4.P76 Integrated fruit production in Italy.
Oberhofer, H.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd; 1991 Jun.
Professional horticulture v. 5 (2): p. 59-63; 1991 Jun.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit; Apples; Integrated pest management; Insect
control; Integrated control; Crop production; Chemical control;
Biological control
142 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Integrated fruit production in Norway.
Hesjedal, K.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Dec. Acta horticulturae (285): p. 47-53; 1990 Dec. Paper presented
at the Symposium on "Integrated Fruit Production," September 11-15,
1989, Wadenswil, Switzerland.
Language: English
Descriptors: Norway; Fruit growing; Integrated systems
Abstract: Since early in the 1960s, strong research effort has
been made on developing an integrated pest management system for
different harmful insects and mites in fruit orchards. Better
knowledge of the pest species and the beneficial insects and mites,
have since 1965 resulted in a reduction of the pesticide use in our
orchards by 70 percent. We have developed action tresholds for the
most harmful phytophagous insects and mites. For one of our most
serious pests on apples, the apple fruit moth, Argyresthia
conjugella, a prognose--and warning system has been developed,
which have reduced the insecticide use against this species from 2
standard sprays a year to 1 spray each fourth year. Good results in
using standard compounds of pesticides in very low concentrations
have been obtained. These results are already taken into practical
use by the fruit growers. In the principal fruit growing areas, we
have established warming systems for apple- and pear-scab, which
have resulted in a strong reduction in the yearly number of
fungicide applications. Depending on the apple variety, a
protection program against scab, mildew and storage diseases
amounts to a total of 2-8 applications a year. A warning system for
fruit pests and fruit diseases after a modified model used in
Eastern Switerland, has been started in Western Norway this year.
So far we have very good experience with the system and the feed-
back from the growers are very positive. Now we were working on
guidelines for an integrated fruit production. From 1990 we
hopefully can start special courses for growers who want to get an
authorization in integrated fruit production.
143 NAL Call.
No.: TP440.P67 Integrated management of postharvest diseases and
disorders of apples, pears and cherries.
Willett, M.; Kupferman, G.; Roberts, R.; Spotts, R.; Sugar, D.;
Apel, G.; Ewart, H.W.; Bryant, B.
Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University Cooperative Extension;
1989 Dec. Postharvest pomology newsletter v. 7 (3): 16 p.; 1989
Dec.
Language: English
Descriptors: Integrated pest management; Postharvest decay; Apples;
Pears; Cherries
144 NAL Call.
No.: QH301.A76 Integrated pest and disease management for amenity
turfgrass. Baldwin, N.A.; Drinkall, M.J.
Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;
1992. Aspects of applied biology (29): p. 265-272; 1992. In the
series analytic: Vegetation management in forestry, amenity and
conservation areas. Paper presented at the conference of the
Association, April 7-9, 1992, University of York, England.
Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uk; Lawns and turf; Amenity and recreation areas;
Cultivars; Disease resistance; Pest resistance; Integrated control;
Pesticides; Literature reviews
145 NAL Call.
No.: 10 OU8 Integrated pest and disease management in protected
crops.
Fraser, R.S.S.
Oxon : C.A.B. International; 1992.
Outlook on agriculture v. 21 (3): p. 169-175. ill; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Horticultural crops; Plant diseases; Plant pests;
Integrated control; Integrated pest management; Protected
cultivation
146 NAL Call.
No.: 4 AM392 Integrated pest management.
Bruneau, A.H.; Watkins, J.E.; Brandenburg, R.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992.
Agronomy (32): p. 501-533; 1992. In the series analytic: Turfgrass
/ edited by D.V. Waddington, R.N. Carrow, R.C. Shearman. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Integrated pest management
147 NAL Call. No.:
aHD1401.A2U52 Integrated pest management cuts use of chemicals.
Greene, C.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1992 Apr.
Farmline - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research
Service v. 13 (4): p. 13-16; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Vegetables; Integrated pest management;
Pesticides; Usage
148 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.S83 1993 Integrated pest management in vegetables in
Massachusetts.
Ferro, D.N.
Boca Raton, Fla. : Lewis Publishers; 1993.
Successful implementation of integrated pest management for
agricultural crops / edited by Anne R. Leslie, Gerrit W. Cuperus.
p. 95-105; 1993. Paper presented at the National Forum on
Agricultural IPM held June 17-19, 1992 in Arlington, VA., organized
by the Environmental Chemistry Division, American Chemical Society.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Massachusetts; Vegetables; Crop production; Integrated
pest management
149 NAL Call. No.:
aSB605.U5G73 Integrated pest management (IPM) in the vegetable
industry during the 1980's. Greene, Catherine; Cuperus, Gerrit W.
United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Commodity Economics Division
Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research
Service, Commodity Economics Division ; Rockville, MD : ERS-NASS
[distributor,; 1991; A 93.44:AGES 91-07.
iv, 19 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (ERS staff report ; no. AGES 9107.).
Cover title. "February 1991"--P. iii. Includes bibliographical
references (p. 18-19).
Language: English
Descriptors: Pests; Vegetables; Agricultural pests; Farm produce
150 NAL Call. No.: NBUSB211
P8 C57 no.25 Integrated pest management of potatoes = Manejo
integrado de plagas de papa : Lutte integree en culture de pomme de
terre.. Manejo integrado de plagas de papa Lutte integree en
culture de pomme de terre
International Potato Center
Lima, Peru : International Potato Center (CIP),; 1989.
31 p. ; 24 cm. (Bibliog. ; no. 25.). Includes indexes.
Language: English
Descriptors: Potatoes
151 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 F66 Integrated pest management strategies for golf courses.
McCarty, L.B.; Short, D.E.; Dunn, R.A.; Simone, G.; Freeman, T.E.
Gainesville, Fla. : The Service; 1992 Jun.
Bulletin - Florida Cooperative Extension Service, University of
Florida (279): 11 p.; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Integrated pest management; Golf courses; Lawns and
turf; Insect pests
152 NAL Call. No.:
S539.5.J68 An integrated systems approach to potato crop
management.
Connell, T.R.; Koenig, J.P.; Stevenson, W.R.; Kelling, K.A.;
Curwen, D.; Wyman, J.A.; Binning, L.K.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (4): p. 453-460; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Solanum tuberosum; Cultivars; Crop
management; Integrated systems; Integrated pest management;
Integrated control; Weed control; Insect control; Plant disease
control; Irrigation; Ammonium nitrate; Pesticides; Productivity;
Production costs; Returns; Crop yield; Environmental impact;
Emergence; Irrigation scheduling; Computer software; Computer
analysis; Monitoring; Petioles; Plant analysis; Nitrate;
Agricultural chemicals; Environmental factors
153 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P Integrating management decisions for several pests in
fruit production. Gadoury, D.M.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1993 Mar.
Plant disease v. 77 (3): p. 299-302; 1993 Mar. Paper presented at
the symposium "Food and the environment: IPM meets the 21st
century," held August 18, 1991, St. Louis, Missouri. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit crops; Crop production; Integrated pest
management; Control programs
154 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Integration of biocontrol agents with postharvest
systems.
Pusey, P.L.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 211-213; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Peaches; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
Bacillus subtilis
155 NAL Call. No.:
QL391.N4R4 Interaction between Globodera rostochiensis and G.
pallida in simulataneous infections on potatoes with different
resistance properties. Nijs, L.J.M.F. den
Montrouge : Gauthier-Villars; 1992.
Fundamental and applied nematology v. 15 (2): p. 173-178; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Globodera rostochiensis; Globodera
pallida; Pest resistance; Integrated pest management
156 NAL Call.
No.: 60.18 J82 Interactions of grazing and plant protection on
basin big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. tridentata) seedling
survival.
Owens, M.K.; Norton, B.E.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 May.
Journal of range management v. 45 (3): p. 257-262; 1992 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Utah; Artemisia tridentata; Grazing effects; Sheep;
Cattle; Colonizing ability; Seedlings; Survival; Brush control;
Biological control; Site factors; Agropyron desertorum; Pastures
Abstract: The impact of grazing animals and plant protection on
shrub seedling establishment was studied in 2 separate experiments.
A total of 3,665 seedlings were monitored for survival during a
sheep grazing trial in 1994, and 5,755 seedlings were monitored
during a cattle grazing trial in 1986. Approximately 1/2 of the
seedlings were located under the canopy of mature plants and 1/2
were located in the interspaces between plants. The presence of
domestic livestock and the seedling location affected both the
overall survival at the end of the growing season and the pattern
of survival during the growing season. The interaction between
these independent variables resulted in the highest survival (0.11)
for sheltered seedlings in the grazed pastures and the lowest
survival (0.009) for unprotected seedlings in the grazed pastures.
Seedlings in the ungrazed pastures had survival rates intermediate
between these 2 rates. The pattern of seedling survival was similar
in both experiments. Seedlings in the grazed pastures experienced
high mortality during the actual grazing event and immediately
after grazing. Seedlings which were unsheltered experienced the
lowest survival due to trampling. Survival rates late in the summer
were not affected by grazing but were dependent on receiving
precipitation during this normally dry period of the year. The
interaction between grazing and seedling location may partially
explain the aggregated distribution of Artemisia found in many
communities. This aggregation should affect interspecific
competition and may play a role in later stages of plant succession
within these shrub-dominated communities.
157 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Investing in biological control: initiation of a
parasite mass rearing program for macadamia nut orchards in Hawaii.
Oi, D.H.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 128-130; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Macadamia; Nezara viridula; Trissolcus
basalis; Biological control; Rearing techniques; Insectaries; Crop
quality; Crop damage; Parasites of insect pests
158 NAL Call.
No.: aZ5071.N3 IPM and biological control of plant pests--
horticultural crops: January 1987-December 1991.
MacLean, J.T.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1992 May.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture,
National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (92-41): 95 p.; 1992 May.
Updates QB 90-47. Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Plant pests; Integrated pest management; Biological
control; Natural enemies; Horticultural crops; Bibliographies
159 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P IPM for potatoes: a multifaceted approach to disease
management and information delivery.
Stevenson, W.R.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1993 Mar.
Plant disease v. 77 (3): p. 309-311; 1993 Mar. Paper presented at
the symposium "Food and the environment: IPM meets the 21st
century," held August 18, 1991, St. Louis, Missouri. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Solanum tuberosum; Crop production;
Integrated pest management; Control programs
160 NAL Call.
No.: SB951.P47 IPM in protected crops: concerns, challenges and
opportunities. Oosten, H.J. van
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
Pesticide science v. 36 (4): p. 365-371; 1992. Paper presented at
the symposium "Integrated Control of Pests and Diseases in
Protected Crops and Greenhouses," May 19-20, 1992, Noordwijkerhout,
The Netherlands. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Netherlands; Integrated pest management; Greenhouse
crops; Vegetables; Sustainability; Pesticides; Usage; Protected
cultivation; Closed systems; Application methods; Disease control;
Pest resistance; Environmental policy; Legislation; Literature
reviews
Abstract: The Dutch government has a coherent, long-term policy
regarding attainment of a sustainable development affecting
agriculture and horticulture, the requirements of which are very
strict and will be difficult to satisfy. The growers of protected
crops try to meet these requirements by developing so-called closed
growing systems. Two other approaches in the policy are a
substantial reduction of the volume of pesticides used and a very
critical evaluation of the pesticides permitted. In this
governmental policy, Integrated Pest Management has shown prospects
in horticulture; it will play a very important role in the near
future but is now considered as part of the broader concept of
Integrated Production Systems. The glasshouse industry is very
actively developing its own strategy to satisfy government targets
and market demands for high-quality products produced by
environmentally safe methods. The vegetable auctions have developed
a policy of environmentally conscious production which should put
the vegetable industry into a strong marketing position for its
produce.
161 NAL Call.
No.: SB476.G7 IPM in turf.
Beard, J.B.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1991 Mar.
Grounds maintenance v. 26 (3): p. 26, 28; 1991 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Integrated pest management; Lawns and turf
162 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N7A4 IPM practices work in the greenhouse.
Grant, J.
Middletown, N.Y. : Cornell Cooperative Ext.--Orange County
Agriculture Program, Education Center; 1992 Jan.
Agfocus : publication of Cornell Cooperative Extension--Orange
County. p. 7; 1992 Jan.
Language: English
Descriptors: Greenhouses; Pest control; Integrated pest management
163 NAL Call.
No.: SB476.G7 An IPM program for turf.
Leslie, A.R.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1991 Mar.
Grounds maintenance v. 26 (3): p. 84, 86, 116; 1991 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Integrated pest management
164 NAL Call.
No.: SB436.J6 IPM strategies used by arborists.
Neely, D.; Smith, G.R.
Urbana, Ill. : International Society of Arboriculture; 1991 Jan.
Journal of arboriculture v. 17 (1): p. 8-12; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arboriculture; Arboricides; Integrated pest
management; Pesticides
165 NAL Call. No.:
S592.7.A1S6 Isolation, formulation and antagonistic activity of
rhizobacteria toward the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida.
Racke, J.; Sikora, R.A.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Jun.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (6): p. 521-526; 1992 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Globodera pallida; Plant parasitic
nematodes; Agrobacterium radiobacter; Bacillus sphaericus; Soil
bacteria; Strains; Rhizosphere; Antagonists; Nematode control;
Biological control; Seed treatment; Spraying; Dipping; Poly(vinyl
alcohol); Methylcellulose; Sucrose; Population density; Survival;
Interspecific competition; Antagonism; Roots; Penetration; Growth
Abstract: In a screening program, 16 bacterial isolates out of 179
isolated from roots and cysts caused a significant reduction (>
25%) in Globodera pallida penetration of potato roots. Six of these
isolates caused significant reductions in repeated greenhouse
tests. Spray application of the bacteria in suspensions with 0.2%
methyl cellulose increased adhesion of the bacteria on seed pieces
and promoted antagonistic activity when compared to application in
water suspensions. The antagonistic activity was shown to be
directly correlated with the number of colony forming units (cfu)
present on the tuber. The isolates Agrobacterium radiobacter and
Bacillus sphaericus at densities of 9.7 X 10(8) and 3.16 X 10(9)
cfu ml-1, respectively, caused significant reductions in root
infection of 24-41% in repeated experiments.
166 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Laboratory and field effects of chemical fruit
thinners on tetranychid and predatory mites (Acari) of apple.
Thistlewood, H.M.A.; Elfving, D.C.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (2): p. 477-485; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Malus pumila; Orchards; Panonychus ulmi;
Tetranychus urticae; Biological control; Mite control; Predators of
insect pests; Acari; Neoseiulus fallacis; Zetzellia mali
Abstract: The effects of three chemical fruit thinners, carbaryl,
naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and benzyladenine (BA), were compared
on predatory and phytophagous mites in a petri dish assay and in
four apple orchards. In the petri dish assay, 10 ppm of NAA was
harmless (< 50% mortality) to the phytoseiid Amblyseius fallacis
Garman, the erythraeid Balaustium putmani Smiley, and the stigmaeid
Zetzellia mali (Ewing), but mortality of Z. mali was significantly
greater than the control. BA (50 and 100 ppm) was also harmless to
A. fallacis, B. putmani, and Z. mali, although A. fallacis and Z.
mali had significantly more mortality than in controls. Carbaryl
(600 and 1,200 ppm) caused 100% mortality of A. fallacis and
94-100% mortality of Z. mali but was harmless to B. putmani. In
orchard tests, NAA (8-10 ppm) was harmless (< 25% mortality) to
mites in the families Phytoseiidae, Erythraeidae, Tetranychidae,
Tydeidae, and Tarsonemidae, but it reduced densities of Z. mali for
about 14 d. By comparison with controls and NAA, carbaryl
(500-1,200 ppm) and BA (50-150 ppm) produced significant
differences in numbers of Phytoseiidae, Z. mali, Tetranychidae,
Tydeidae, and Tarsonemidae. However, carbaryl consistently produced
significantly higher densities of Tetranychidae and lower densities
of A. fallacis and Z. mali than BA, and in one orchard induced an
outbreak of Tetranychus urticae Koch that exceeded the economic
threshold of seven per leaf.
167 NAL Call.
No.: 100 T31P Laboratory testing of milking spore disease, Bacillus
popilliae, for control of Phyllophaga crinita white grubs.
Crocker, R.L.
College Station, Tex. : The Station; 1991.
PR - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (4912): p. 89-91; 1991.
In the series analytic: Texas turfgrass research--1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Lawns and turf; Phyllophaga crinita; Bacillus
popilliae; Insect control; Biological control
168 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.2.A1J58 Lawn care without pesticides.
Uhler, B.
Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1992.
Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 12 (2): p. 38-39; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Weed control; Integrated pest
management
169 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N9C46 Lawn pests in North Dakota.
Stoy, W.M.; Kopp, D.D.; McBride, D.K.
Fargo, N.D. : The University; 1990 Oct.
NDSU Extension Service [publication] - North Dakota State
University (904): 10 p.; 1990 Oct.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Crambus; Phyllophaga; Solenopsis
invicta; Poa pratensis; Lawns and turf; Damage; Biology; Life
cycle; Natural enemies; Sampling; Cultural methods; Insects;
Arthropod pests; Insecticides; Pest control
170 NAL Call. No.:
100 C12CAG Leaf removal in wine grapes: a case study in extending
research to the fields. Pence, R.A.; Grieshop, J.I.
Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
University of California; 1991 Nov.
California agriculture v. 45 (6): p. 28-30; 1991 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Defoliation; Grapes; Integrated pest
management; Canopy
171 NAL Call.
No.: SB1.A1F5 Leafminers and associated parasites in Gypsophila.
Malais, M.; Newman, J.P.; La Salle, J.; Parrella, M.P.
Berkeley, Calif. : The Service; 1992.
Flower and nursery report for commercial growers - California
University, Berkeley, Agricultural Extension Service v. 24 (1): p.
1-4; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Gypsophila paniculata; Liriomyza
huidobrensis; Diglyphus begini; Diglyphus intermedius; Parasites of
insect pests; Pesticides; Biological control agents
172 NAL Call. No.:
SB608.O7C6 1992 Learning from biocontrol in greenhouse vegetable
production. Steiner, M.Y.; Matteoni, J.A.
Alexandria, Va. : The Society?; 1992.
Proceedings for the Eighth Conference on Insect and Disease
Management on Ornamentals : February 22-24, 1992 / sponsored by the
Growers Council of the Society of American Florists, Alexandria,
Virginia. p. 42-49; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vegetables; Crop production; Greenhouse crops; Pest
control; Biological control
173 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Loss assessment, ecology and management of mango
fruitfly, Dacus sp. Singh, G.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1991
Jun. Acta horticulturae (291): p. 425-536; 1991 Jun. In the series
analytic: Third International Mango Symposium / edited by E.
Chacko, T.K. Lim and V. Kulkarni. Paper presented at the Symposium,
September 24-29, 1989, Darwin, NT, Australia. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Mangifera indica; Dacus; Insect pests;
Injuries; Crop damage; Crop losses; Insect control; Integrated pest
management; Insecticides
174 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Lower navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae)
population densities following establishment in Goniozus legneri
(Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in California.
Legner, E.F.; Gordh, G.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Dec.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (6): p. 2153-2160; 1992 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Prunus dulcis; Amyelois transitella; Crop
yield; Incidence; Population density; Goniozus; Integrated pest
management; Introduced species; Parasites of insect pests
Abstract: Infestations of the navel orangeworm Amyelois
transitella (Walker) in six central California "Nonpareil" almond
orchards were studied for 12-13 yr (1978-1991) to determine the
effect of imported parasitoids on host abundance. A decline in the
average density of navel orangeworm to less than 0.5% in late
summer as measured by percentage of attacked almonds was observed
in five orchards where insecticides were not applied during the
growing season. K-value analyses indicated a significant regulation
of the navel orangeworm population by Goniozus legneri Gordh during
the first generation on almonds after hull split. A slight increase
in navel orangeworm abundance was observed in one orchard in 1986,
after insecticide applications. Significant (but low) correlations
existed between higher yields of edible almonds and lower navel
orangeworm densities. No significant correlations were found
between total rejected almonds and numbers of the peach twig borer,
Anarsia lineatella Zeller, or ant damage. An integrated pest
management program may be possible for soft-shelled almonds by
retaining sufficient holdover almonds during winter for host-
parasitoid reproduction during the spring, and by targeting other
arthropod pests (e.g., peach twig borer and phytophagous mites)
with controls that are nondisruptive to navel orangeworm
parasitoids.
175 NAL Call.
No.: QD1.A45 Management of pesticide resistance in arthropod pests:
research and policy issues.
Croft, B.A.
Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1990.
ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (421): p. 149-168;
1990. In the series analytic: Managing resistance to
agrochemicals: From fundamental research to practical strategies /
edited by M.B. Green, H.M. LeBaron, and W.K. Moberg. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pesticide resistance; Arthropod pests; Pest management
Abstract: Pesticide resistance management requires both technical
progress in research and enlightened policies governing pesticide
development, regulation, marketing and use. Improved monitoring
systems, tactics of resistance management, models of resistance
evolution, and experimentation on factors influencing resistance
evolution have added to our ability to limit resistance in field
populations of target pest insects. Greater emphasis on research in
population genetics and ecology is needed to further extend this
technology. Examples of successful resistance management with
houseflies in Denmark, cotton bollworms in Australia, pear psylla
in North America and a complex of pests and natural enemies on tree
fruits in the United States demonstrate that policy-related factors
can be a key to successful resistance management. Conversely, the
lack of success in other pest systems may be due to antiquated
policies. A recent case of resistance management in the spider mite
Tetranychus urticae illustrates new policies by industry regarding
research and pesticide labelling which will improve possibilities
for resistance management and will extend the life of newly
registered acaricides.
176 NAL Call. No.:
SB387.V572 Managing insect pests of Florida grapes.
Webb, S.E.
Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida A&M University, Center for Viticultural
Science and Small Farm; 1991.
Proceedings of the Florida Grape Conference. p. 183-185; 1991.
Meeting held October 25-26, 1991, Ocala, Florida.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Vitis; Insect pests; Integrated pest
management
177 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P Managing Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato with
rapeseed as green manure. Mojtahedi, H.; Santo, G.S.; Wilson, J.H.;
Hang, A.N.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1993 Jan.
Plant disease v. 77 (1): p. 42-46; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Meloidogyne chitwoodi; Plant
parasitic nematodes; Biological control; Rape; Leaves; Stems;
Roots; Green manures; Pest management; Efficacy; Glucosinolates;
Ethoprophos
178 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 M58B Managing potato leafhoppers in forage legumes.
Landis, D.; Haas, M.
East Lansing, Mich. : The Service; 1992 Dec.
Extension bulletin E - Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan
State University v.): 2 p.; 1992 Dec. In subseries: IPM Facts.
Language: English
Descriptors: Empoasca fabae; Identification; Life cycle; Damage;
Detection; Insect control; Insecticides; Application rates
179 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Mass rearing the greenhouse whitefly parasitoid
Encarsia formosa for augmentative releases in fresh market tomatoes
in Hawaii.
Lynch, J.A.; Johnson, M.W.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 123-127; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Lycopersicon esculentum; Trialeurodes
vaporariorum; Encarsia formosa; Rearing techniques; Insectaries;
Life cycle; Biological control; Parasites of insect pests; Crop
losses
180 NAL Call. No.:
60.18 UN33 Measuring air movement for better grass.
Zontek, S.J.
Far Hills, N.J. : United States Golf Association; 1992 May. USGA
Green Section record v. 30 (3): p. 38-39; 1992 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Golf courses; Integrated pest
management; Air flow; Measurement
181 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Mechanisms of transmission of the gypsy moth
(Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) fungus, Entomophaga maimaiga
(Entomphthorales: Entomophthoraceae) and effects of site conditions
on its prevalence.
Weseloh, R.M.; Andreadis, T.G.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Aug.
Environmental entomology v. 21 (4): p. 901-906; 1992 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Connecticut; Lymantria dispar; Entomophaga; Population
density; Rain; Infectivity; Biological control agents
Abstract: Sampling for the gypsy moth fungus, Entomophaga
maimaiga, was carried out in 10 plots in Connecticut to determine
the importance of overwintering fungal load, rainfall, gypsy moth
abundance, and physiographic site conditions to fungal prevalence.
At one of the plots, gypsy moths were also exposed daily in cages
on the soil and at 2 m in shrubs to examine the pathogen
transmission potential of germinating resting spores and of conidia
produced by diseased larvae. Gypsy moth population levels and an
index of site moisture (as determined by tree composition) were
marginally related to fungus prevalence. However, the relationship
between fungal prevalence and population was an inverse one,
opposite that found in a previous study. Resting spore load did not
appear to affect prevalence; it is possible that a threshold effect
occurs. Daily sampling showed that germination of resting spores is
necessary for infection of early-stage larvae, but that conidia
produced from diseased larvae are mainly responsible for infection
of late-stage
caterpillars. Maximum germination of resting spores occurred 1 or
2 d after significant precipitation, whereas the greatest
production of conidia from diseased caterpillars took place on the
day of rainfall. We hypothesize that in areas where overwintering
resting spores are abundant, the most important determinant of
fungal effectiveness will be rainfall amount and pattern.
182 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.A2B74 Meeting the demand for reduced insecticide usage in the
production of high quality field vegetables.
Thompson, A.R.; Suett, D.L.
Surrey : British Crop Protection Council; 1986.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Pests and Diseases v. 3: p.
897-906; 1986. Paper presented at the British Crop Protection
Conference, Pests and Diseases, November 17-20, 1986, Brighton,
England. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Crop production; Insect control; Insecticides;
Integrated control
183 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J826 Milky disease bacterium as a stressor to increase
susceptibility of scarabaeid larvae to an entomopathogenic
nematode.
Thurston, G.S.; Kaya, H.K.; Burlando, T.M.; Harrison, R.E.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1993 Mar.
Journal of invertebrate pathology v. 61 (2): p. 167-172; 1993 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Cyclocephala; Larvae; Mortality;
Biological control; Bacillus popilliae; Insect control
Abstract: Mortality of Cyclocephala hirta by the entomopathogenic
nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was enhanced in grubs
infected with the milky disease bacterium, Bacillus popilliae (Bp).
In concentration-response assays with the nematode, LC50 values and
95% fiducial limits were 4.0 (<0.1, 14.6) infective juveniles per
grub for Bp-infected insects and 47.7 (32.0, 64.7) for non-Bp-
infected insects. The increased mortality of Bp-infected insects
was partially attributed to rapid penetration of H. bacteriophora
through the midgut wall. In in vitro assays with ligated midguts,
the time required for H. bacteriophora to penetrate the midgut wall
of Bp-infected grubs was 0.6 +/-0.1 hr, whereas the time required
in non-Bp-infected grubs was 1.3 +/- 0.1 hr. Total nematode progeny
production per milligram grub tissue did not differ significantly
between Bp-infected and non-Bp-infected grubs. However, the
proportion of progeny remaining trapped in the non-Bp-infected
cadavers at the end of the assay was greater than the proportion
remaining in Bp-infected cadavers (0.52 +/- 0.04 vs 0.13 +/- 0.05,
respectively). These data indicate that coexistence of these two
pathogens within a host can occur and that B. popilliae could be
used as a stressor on C. hirta to increase its susceptibility to H.
bacteriophora.
184 NAL Call.
No.: SB599.P45 Mode of action of the postharvest biocontrol yeast,
Pichia guilliermondii. I. Characterization of attachment to
Botrytis cinerea.
Wisniewski, M.; Biles, C.; Droby, S.; McLaughlin, R.; Wilson, C.;
Chalutz, E. London : Academic Press; 1991 Oct.
Physiological and molecular plant pathology v. 39 (4): p. 245-258;
1991 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Apples; Botrytis cinerea; Postharvest decay;
Biological control; Fungus control; Pichia; Mode of action; Host
parasite relationships; Hyphae; Enzyme activity; Cell walls; Beta-
glucanase; Binding; Comparisons; Debaryomyces hansenii; Biological
control agents
Abstract: An isolate (87) of the yeast Pichia guilliermondii,
protects apples from postharvest fruit rotting fungi Botrytis
cinera and Pencillium expansum. In order to examine the yeast-
pathogen interaction, B. cinera was grown on agar plates overlayed
with cellophane. Effective and non-effective yeast isolates were
applied near the young hyphal growth. Samples were taken 24 h later
from the area where the fungi and yeast had intersected. Light
microscopy revealed a general attachment of the effective
biocontrol agent P. guilliermondii (isolate 87) and a non-effective
isolate (117) of Debaryomyces hansenii. Low temperature scanning
electron microscopy (LTSEM) indicated that both species of yeast
attached to the fungal hyphae, but the 87 isolate attached
fastidiously. Twenty-four hours after applying the 87 isolate to B.
cinera, pitting and collapse of the hyphae were observed. These
observations were confirmed using transmission electron microscopy.
These features were not observed with the ineffective isolate of D.
hansenii. Further experiments indicated that attachment of P.
guilliermondii to hyphae of B. cinera could be blocked by agents
that alter protein integrity (salts, proteases, etc.) and certain
sugars. Isolates of both species produced beta-(1-3) glucanase when
cultured in various carbon sources and on cell walls of fruit
rotting pathogens. Culture supernatants from P. guilliermondii,
however, yielded two-to five-fold more beta-(1-3) glucanase
activity compared with D. hansenii. Data indicate that tenacious
attachment, along with secretion of cell wall degrading enzymes,
may play a role in the biocontrol activity of this yeast
antagonist.
185 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Mortality of eggs of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) from predation by Coleomegilla maculata (Coleoptera:
Coccinellidae). Hazzard, R.V.; Ferro, D.N.; Van Driesche, R.G.;
Tuttle, A.F. Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991
Jun.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (3): p. 841-848; 1991 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Massachusetts; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Ova;
Coleomegilla maculata; Predators of insect pests; Biological
control agents
Abstract: Mortality to the egg stage of Colorado potato beetle,
Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say), from endemic predators was assessed
in unsprayed plots within commercial potato fields in western
Massachusetts in 1986 and 1987. Direct measurement of recruitment
into the egg stage and of losses to predation gave estimates of
total stage-specific mortality for each generation of Colorado
potato beetle and daily mortality rates. Abundance of endemic egg
predators was measured through direct observation and trapping.
Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer), a coccinellid, was the most
abundant predator and the only one consistently present whenever
Colorado potato beetle eggs were in the field. Total mortality to
eggs from predation was 39.9% in the second generation of 1986 and
37.8% and 58.1% in the first and second generations of 1987,
respectively. Daily mortality rate did not change significantly
during large fluctuations in prey density. Results suggest that C.
maculata can contribute to the control of both early and late
generations of Colorado potato beetle and efforts to conserve this
natural enemy will help reduce the need for chemical control.
186 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N7S3 Natural enemies of vegetable insect pests described in
new manual. VanderMark, S.
Canton, N.Y. : Agricultural Division, St. Lawrence County
Cooperative Extension Association; 1993 Jul.
St. Lawrence County agricultural news v. 77 (7): p. 5; 1993 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vegetables; Insect pests; Biological control; Natural
enemies
187 NAL Call. No.:
60.18 UN33 Natural enemies reduce pest populations in Turf.
Potter, D.A.
Far Hills, N.J. : United States Golf Association; 1992 Nov. USGA
Green Section record v. 30 (6): p. 6-10; 1992 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kentucky; New Jersey; Florida; Indiana; Ohio; Lawns
and turf; Beneficial insects; Pesticides; Pest control; Predators
of insect pests
188 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Natural plant compounds as pesticides.
Duke, J.A.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 291-298; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: West Virginia; Hedeoma pulegioides; Pycnanthemum;
Pesticidal plants; Databases
189 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.2.A1J58 Neighborhood protests Halt Park herbicides in
Vancouver, Canada. Foley, D.
Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1991.
Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 11 (4): p. 25; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Canada; Parks; Sports grounds; Integrated pest
management; Herbicides; Dicamba; Mcpa; Social participation
190 NAL Call.
No.: 81 SO12 Nematode populations and peach tree survival, growth,
and nutrition at an old orchard site.
Evert, D.R.; Bertrand, P.F.; Mullinix, B.G. Jr
Alexandria, Va. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science v. 117
(1): p. 6-13; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Prunus persica; Orchards; Old age; Live
mulches; Paspalum notatum; Plant parasitic nematodes; Meloidogyne;
Soil; Fumigation; Nematicides; Nematoda; Population change; Fruit
trees; Growth; Survival; Plant nutrition; Biological control
Abstract: Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge cv. Paraguayan-22)
growing under newly planted peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.]
trees severely stunted the trees. Neither supplemental fertilizer
nor irrigating with two 3.8-liters-hour-1 emitters per tree
eliminated tree stunting; emitters were controlled by an automatic
tensiometer set to maintain 3 kPa at a depth of 0.5 m under a tree
in bahiagrass. Preplant fumigation with ethylene dibromide at 100
liters-ha-1 increased tree growth, but not tree survival.
Fenamiphos, a nematicide, applied under the trees each spring and
fall at a rate of 11 kg-ha-1 had no positive effect on tree
survival, tree growth, or nematode populations. Bahiagrass tended
to suppress populations of Meloidogyne spp. under the trees.
Meloidogyne spp. were the only nematodes present that had mean
populations > 65 per 150 cm-3 of soil. Leaf concentrations of
several elements differed between trees growing in bahiagrass sod
and in bare ground treated with herbicides. Leaf Ca was low for all
treatments in spite of a soil pH near 6.5 and adequate soil Ca. The
severe stunting of trees grown in bahiagrass, irrespective of the
other treatments, demonstrated that bahiagrass should not be grown
under newly planted trees. The low populations of parasitic
nematodes in bahiagrass showed that bahiagrass has potential as a
preplant biological control of nematodes harmful to peach trees.
Chemical name used: ethyl 3-methyl-4-(methylthio) phenyl (1-
methylethyl) phosphoramidate (fenamiphos).
191 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 NERISK: an expert system to enhance the integration of
pesticides with arthropod biological control.
Messing, R.H.; Croft, B.A.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (276): p. 15-19; 1990 Jul. Paper presented
at the "Second International Symposium on Computer Modelling in
Fruit Research and Orchard Management," September 5-8, 1989, Logan,
Utah. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arthropod pests; Biological control; Pesticides;
Expert systems; Integrated pest management
Abstract: An expert system termed NERISK was developed to evaluate
the effects of pesticides on arthropod predators and parasitoids in
a variety of agroecosystems. Based on a shell system (RECOG) with
minor coding modifications, the system was designed to let even a
novice user access the vast amount of information available on
pesticide impacts on natural enemies. A large database (ca. 16,000
records), a simulation model of microbial pesticide effects, and
several expert opnion components have been organized and integrated
into an easy-to-use yet robust program. This system can assist
academic, industry, and regulatory personnel make decisions
regarding the integration of pesticides with biological control
agents in many cropping systems.
192 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 New IPM tool for citrus growers.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1993 Jan. California grower v. 17 (1): p. 9, 11; 1993 Jan.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Citrus fruits; Pest control; Integrated
pest management; Cost benefit analysis; Energy cost of production;
Crop yield; Insecticides; Biological control; Safety; Book reviews
193 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 A new mite problem in avocados.
Bender, G.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1992 Apr. California grower v. 16 (9): p. 8, 10; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Persea Americana; Oligonychus peruvianus;
Typhlodromus; Pest control; Biological control agents; Sulfur;
Propargite; Spread
194 NAL Call.
No.: 448.3 AP5 Novel Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal
protein with a silent activity against coleopteran larvae.
Lambert, B.; Hofte, H.; Annys, K.; Jansens, S.; Soetaert, P.;
Peferoen, M. Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology;
1992 Aug. Applied and environmental microbiology v. 58 (8): p.
2536-2542; 1992 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Bacillus thuringiensis; Biological control; Proteins;
Toxicity; Crystals; Amino acid sequences; Nucleotide sequences;
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Larvae
Abstract: A novel Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein with a
silent activity against the Colorado potato beetle is described.
The crystal proteins are produced as bipyramidal crystals. These
crystals contain a protein of 129 kDa with a trypsin-resistant core
fragment of 72 kDa. Neither a spore-crystal mixture nor in vitro-
solubilized crystals are toxic to any of several Lepidoptera and
Coleoptera species tested. In contrast, a trypsin-treated solution
containing the 72-kDa tryptic core fragment of the protoxin is
highly toxic to Colorado potato beetle larvae. The crystal protein-
encoding gene was cloned and sequenced. The inferred amino acid
sequence of the putative toxic fragment has 37, 32, and 33%
homology to the CryIIIA, CryIIIB, and CryIIID toxins, respectively.
Interestingly, the 501 C-terminal amino acids show 41 to 48% amino
acid identity with corresponding C-terminal amino acid sequences of
other crystal proteins. Because of the toxicity of the fragment to
the Colorado potato beetle and because of the distinct similarities
of the toxic fragment with the other CryIII proteins, this gene was
given a new subclass name (cryIIIC) within the CryIII class of
coleopteran-active crystal proteins. CryIIIC represents the first
example of a crystal protein with a silent activity towards
coleopteran insect larvae. Natural CryIIIC crystals are not toxic.
Toxicity is revealed only after an in vitro solubilization and
activation step.
195 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Nutrient competition as a mode of action of postharvest
biocontrol agents. Droby, S.; Chalutz, E.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.;
Wilson, C.; Wisniewski, M. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 142-160; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Grapefruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
Pichia; Penicillium digitatum
196 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F7 1989 Observations on fruit flies of the island of Ischia
(Naples). Fimiani, P.; Sollino, G.
Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
Cavalloro. p. 571-577; 1989. (EUR). Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Italy; Bactrocera oleae; Ceratitis capitata;
Rhagoletis cerasi; Hosts of plant pests; Hymenoptera; Opius
concolor; Parasites of insect pests
197 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.L68M67 1990 On seasonal inoculative biological control.
Minkenberg, Oscar P. J. M.
Netherlands : O.P.J.M. Minkenberg,; 1990.
230 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Summary, preface, and resume also in Dutch.
Subtitle on added t.p.: Governing Liriomyza populations by
parasitoids. Stellingen in Dutch in pocket. Includes
bibliographical references (p. [203]-230).
Language: English
Descriptors: Liriomyza
198 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Opiine parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of oriental
fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Kauai Island, Hawaii:
islandwide relative abundance and parasitism rates in wild and
orchard guava habitats.
Vargas, R.I.; Stark, J.D.; Uchida, G.K.; Purcell, M.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Environmental entomology v. 22 (1): p. 246-253; 1993 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Psidium cattleyanum; Psidium guajava;
Bactrocera dorsalis; Incidence; Population dynamics; Parasites of
insect pests; Braconidae
Abstract: During a 2-yr survey of Klauai Island, four species of
opiine parasitoids were recovered from host fruits infested with
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) [=Dacus dorsalis Hendel]: Biosteres
arisanus (Sonan), Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), Psyttalia
incisi (Silvestri), and Biosteres vandenboschi (Fullaway). These
species constituted 87.5, 9, 2.4, and 1.1% of the total parasitoids
recovered in 1988, and 95.1, 0.9, 4, and 0.04% of the total
parasitoids recovered in 1989, respectively. Total islandwide
opiine parasitism rates on the basis of live parasitoids recovered
from oriental fruit fly pupae were 41.4% in 1988 and 53% in 1989.
Wild common guava, Psidium guajava L., and strawberry guava,
Psidium cattleianum Sabine, were the most prevalent hosts infested
with oriental fruit fly encountered during our roadside survey.
Population studies in a large commercial common guava orchard
indicated that oriental fruit fly infestation of fruits was
correlated with infestation of wild common guava fruits in
surrounding wild habitats. Positive correlations between numbers of
B. arisanus, the dominant parasitoid, and numbers oriental fruit
fly indicated a density-dependent relationship. Overall, percentage
parasitism of B. arisanus was significantly higher in wild habitats
than in orchard habitats. Relative abundance of D. longicaudata, P.
incisi, and B. vandenboschi were significantly higher in orchard
habitats than in wild habitats.
199 NAL Call.
No.: 420 EN86 Orius thripoborus (Anthocoridae), a potential
biocontrol agent of Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis and Selenothrips
rubrocinctus (Thripidae) on avocado fruits in the eastern
Transvaal.
Dennill, G.B.
Pretoria : The Society; 1992 Aug.
Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa v. 55 (2):
p. 255-258; 1992 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Africa; Persea Americana; Heliothrips
haemorrhoidalis; Selenothrips rubrocinctus; Orius; Insect control;
Biological control agents
200 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 M58B Ornamental pest management: a training manual for
commercial pesticide applicators (category 3b).
Sicheneder, K.
East Lansing, Mich. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
Extension bulletin E - Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan
State University (2291): 68 p.; 1991 Jan.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ornamental plants; Pest management; Pesticides;
Integrated pest management; Techniques; Insect control; Poisoning;
Safety; Weed control; Diseases; Disease control
201 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Our workshop as a bridge between research and
commercialization. Chalutz, E.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 31-33; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Language: English
Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Biological control; Research
projects
202 NAL Call. No.:
QL391.N4J62 Parasitism of Heliocotylenchus lobus by Pasteuria
penetrans in naturally infested soil.
Ciancio, A.; Mankau, R.; Mundo-Ocampo, M.
Lake Alfred, Fla. : Society of Nematologists; 1992 Mar.
Journal of nematology v. 24 (1): p. 29-35; 1992 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Lawns and turf; Plant parasitic nematodes;
Parasitism; Population density; Morphology; Ultrastructure;
Biological control agents; Bacteria
Abstract: The population density of Helicotylenchus lobus and the
percentage of the population with spores of Pasteuria penetrans
were determined for 10 monthly intervals in naturally infested
turfgrass soil at Riverside, California. The percentage of
nematodes with attached spores ranged from 40% to 67%. No
relationship was found between nematode density and the percentage
of nematodes with spores. The mean and maximum numbers of spores
adhering per nematode with at least one spore ranged from 2 to 8
and 7 to 66, respectively. The mean number of spores per nematode
(based on total number of H. lobus) was correlated with the
percentage of nematodes with spores. Spores adhered to both adult
and juvenile H. lobus. Between 9% and 32% of the nematodes with
spores had been penetrated and infected by the bacterium. Many
infected nematodes were dead, but mature spores were also observed
within living adult and juvenile H. lobus that exhibited no
apparent reduction in viability and motility. Spore and central
endospore diameters of this P. penetrans isolate were larger than
those reported for the type isolate from Meloidogyne incognita, but
transmission and scanning electron microscopy did not reveal
significant morphological differences between the two isolates.
Spores of the isolate associated with H. lobus did not adhere to
juveniles of M. incognita.
203 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F76 1993 The parasitoid complexes of frugivorous fruit
flies of central Europe. Hoffmeister, T.
New York : Springer-Verlag; 1993.
Fruit flies : biology and management / Martin Aluja, Pablo Liedo,
editors. p. 125-127; 1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rhagoletis; Biological control; Parasitoids
204 NAL Call.
No.: SB599.C8 Parasitoids of the grapeleaf skeletonizer, Harrisina
brillians Barnes and McDunnough (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae) in
northwestern Mexico. Guerra-Sobrevilla, L.
Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1991 Dec.
Crop protection v. 10 (6): p. 501-503; 1991 Dec. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mexico; Vitis vinifera; Harrisina brillians; Parasites
of insect pests; Surveys; Natural enemies; Biological control
agents; Tachinidae; Eupelmidae; Chalcididae; Eulophidae;
Parasitoids
205 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Patent protection for microorganisms and their use in
biocontrol. Wieder, S.C.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 229-233; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Biological control agents; Patients
206 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Persistence of control of Japanese beetle
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae with steinernematid and
heterorhabditid nematodes.
Klein, M.G.; Georgis, R.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Jun.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (3): p. 727-730; 1992 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Lawns and turf; Popillia japonica; Larvae;
Persistence; Biological control; Entomophilic nematodes;
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; Neoaplectana carpocapsae
Abstract: Field tests were conducted in 1986 and 1987 to evaluate
control of japanese beetle larvae, Popillia japonica Newman, in
turfgrass plots by heterorhabditid and steinernematid nematodes.
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (NC strain) reduced
populations a maximum of 60%, 34 d after a fall 1986 treatment.
Control increased to 96% before pupation the following spring, and
was 93-99% of the next larval generation. Application of
Steinernema (= Neoaplectana) carpocapsae Weiser (All strain)
provided a maximum of 51% control after 34 d, 90% the next spring
(290 d after treatment), and 0% after 386 d. A spring 1987
application of H. bacteriophora resulted in 68% control 28 d after
treatment, and up to 67% of the following generation of japanese
beetle larvae in the fall (138 d after treatment). H. bacteriophora
(HP88 strain) gave 100% control after 28 d in the spring of 1987,
and 93-97% control of the next generation of larvae. No adverse
effects on nontarget organisms (mites or collembola) were observed
28 d after treatments with any of the nematodes. Our data show that
nematodes reproduce in japanese beetle larvae, survive in the field
in turfgrass, and have an influence on target hosts for a longer
period of time than previously demonstrated.
207 NAL Call.
No.: SB957.R47 Pesticide-resistant parasite evaluated for
implementation.
Hoy, M.A.
East Lansing, Mich. : Pesticide Research Center, Michigan State
University; 1991 Feb.
Resistant pest management v. 3 (1): p. 7-9; 1991 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Juglans regia; Trioxys pallidus;
Insecticide resistance; Biological control; Integrated pest
management; Genetic improvement
208 NAL Call. No.:
aT223.V4A4 Pichia guilliermondii (Anamorph candida guilliermondii)
useful for the biological control of postharvest rots in fruits.
Wilson, C.L.; Chalutz, E.
Washington, D.C.? : The Department; 1991 Aug20.
United States Department of Agriculture patents (5,041,384): 1 p.;
1991 Aug20. Copies of USDA patents are available for a fee from
the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, U.S. Patents and
Trademarks Office, Washington, D.C. 20231. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Italy; Fruit; Storage decay; Decay fungi;
Plant disease control; Pichia; Biological control agents;
Hyperparasitism; Usda; Patents
Abstract: The present invention is drawn to processes for
biologically controlling postharvest disease in fruit using
isolates of Pichia guilliermondii having the identifying
characteristics of NRRL Y-18313, NRRL Y-18314, and NRRL Y-18654.
The organisms were isolated from the surface of citrus fruits and
are useful to control a variety of fruit-rot pathogens in a variety
of fruits. Also disclosed is a biologically pure culture of at
least one isolate of Pichia guilliermondii having the identifying
characteristics of an isolate selected from the group consisting of
NRRL Y-18313, NRRL Y-18314, and NRRL Y-18654.
209 NAL Call.
No.: SB925.B5 Pilot testing of Pichia guilliermondii: a biocontrol
agenat of postharvest diseases of citrus fruit.
Droby, S.; Hofstein, R.; Wilson, C.L.; Wisniewski, M.; Fridlender,
B.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.; Daus, A.; Timar, D.; Chalutz, E.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1993 Mar.
Biological control v. 3 (1): p. 47-52; 1993 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Citrus fruits; Pichia; Biological control; Fungus
control; Postharvest decay; Inhibition; Penicillium digitatum;
Spore germination; In vitro; Thiabendazole; Efficacy; Application
methods
210 NAL Call.
No.: 421 EN895 Pitfall trap catches of an aphid predation by
Pterostichus melanarius and Pterostichus madidus in insecticide
treated and untreated potatoes. Dixon, P.L.; McKinlay, R.G.
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992 Jul.
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata v. 64 (1): p. 63-72; 1992
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Aphidoidea; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Biological control; Demeton-s-methyl; Pitfall traps; Pterostichus
madidus; Pterostichus melanarius; Predators of insect pests
211 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Planned parenthood for codling moths.
Swezey, S.L.; Vossen, P.; Caprile, J.; Bentley, W.; Blodgett, S.;
Varela, L. Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management
Corporation; 1993 Apr. California grower v. 17 (4): p. 25-27; 1993
Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Malus pumila; Cydia pomonella; Pheromones;
Insect control; Biological control; Insecticide resistance;
Regulation; Federal government; Mating; Disruption; Integrated pest
management; Cost benefit analysis
212 NAL Call. No.:
QL391.N4J62 A plant health care program for brambles in the Pacific
Northwest. McElroy, F.D.
Lake Alfred, Fla. : Society of Nematologists; 1992 Sep.
Journal of nematology v. 24 (3): p. 457-462; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pacific states of U.S.A.; Rubus; Pratylenchus
penetrans; Xiphinema Americanum; Xiphinema; Nematode control;
Integrated pest management
Abstract: Pratylenchus and Xiphinema species have been associated
brambles (Rubus species) in the Pacific Northwest of the United
States. These nematodes cause direct feeding damage and (or)
transmit viruses that result in poor fruit quality and plant
decline. A nematode management program has been developed by the
author to minimize chemical use and nematode-induced damage while
optimizing fruit production. Nematode management is an integral
part of a total plant health care program in which foliar and soil
pests, plant stresses, and fertility are managed.
213 NAL Call. No.:
QL461.E532 Population dynamics of the Colorado potato beetle
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on a native host in Mexico.
Cappaert, D.L.; Drummond, F.A.; Logan, P.A.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (6): p. 1549-1555; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mexico; Solanum; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Population
dynamics; Predators; Parasites; Biological control agents
Abstract: The population dynamics of the Colorado potato beetle,
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), were studied in central Mexico in
1987 and 1988. During the June-October rainy season, three
generations were observed in 1987 and two in 1988. Predation and
parasitism were found to be important mortality factors,
particularly late in the season, contributing to generation
mortality as high as 99.8%. Time series cross-correlation was used
to estimate synchrony of Colorado potato beetle eggs with
predators. Predators, including asopine pentatomids, carabids,
thomisid spiders, and coccinellids, were abundant and well
synchronized with developing Colorado potato beetle late in 1987,
corresponding to the period of highest mortality.
214 NAL Call. No.:
60.18 UN33 Post-emergence crabgrass and goosegrass control:
practical IPM. Zontek, S.J.
Far Hills, N.J. : United States Golf Association; 1992 Jul. USGA
Green Section record v. 30 (4): p. 17-18; 1992 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: Digitaria; Eleusine indica; Lawns and turf; Weed
control; Integrated pest management; Chemical control
215 NAL Call. No.:
442.8 AN72 Postharvest biological control of Penicillium digitatum
decay on citrus fruit by Bacillus pumilus.
Huang, Y.; Wild, B.L.; Morris, S.C.
Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Feb.
Annals of applied biology v. 120 (2): p. 367-372; 1992 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Oranges; Lemons;
Penicillium digitatum; Bacillus pumilus; Antagonists; Biological
control agents; Postharvest decay; Biological control; Inoculum
density; Benomyl; Imazalil; Guazatine; In vitro
216 NAL Call.
No.: SB327.M52 Potato leafhopper update.
Landis, D.
Saginaw, Mich. : Michigan Bean Shippers Association; 1991.
Michigan dry bean digest v. 15 (3): p. 12-13; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dry beans; Insect pests; Leafhoppers; Insecticides;
Biological control; Chemical control
217 NAL Call. No.:
SB319.2.F6F56 Potential for biological control of phytoparasitic
nematodes in bermudagrass turf with isolates of the Pasteuria
penetrans groups.
Giblin-Davis, R.M.
S.l. : The Society; 1991 Jun.
Proceedings of the ... annual meeting of the Florida State
Horticulture Society v. 103: p. 349-351; 1991 Jun. Meeting held
December 17-19, 1990, Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Cynodon dactylon; Plant parasitic nematodes;
Biological control; Nematode control; Bacillus penetrans
218 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Potential for biological control of the stink bug
Nezara viridula, a pest of macadamias.
Bennett, F.D.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (275): p. 679-684; 1990 Jul. Paper
presented at the "International Symposium on the Culture of
Subtropical and Tropical Fruits and Crops," Volume II, November
6-10, 1989, Nelspruit, South Africa. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Macadamia; Nezara viridula; Insect pests; Pest
control; Biological control
Abstract: Nezara viridula (L.) attacks a wide range of crops in
the tropics and subtropics and is a major pest of macadamias.
Biological control of this stink bug, by the introduction of
parasitoids, has been attempted in several countries with different
levels of success. The combined action of the egg parasitoid
Trissolcus basalis and adult parasitoid Trichopoda pilipes has
provided successful control of N. viridula on macadamias in Hawaii.
There are several additional parasitoids including the South
American tachinids Eutrichopodopsis nitens, Trichopoda giacomellii,
T. nigrifrontalis and Ectophasiopsis arcuata which have not been
exploited. The potential of these and other parasitoids for
biological control of N. viridula in macadamias, is discussed.
219 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.S83 1993 The potential for integrated pest management in
California vegetable production.
Goodall, P.B.; Zalom, F.G.
Boca Raton, Fla. : Lewis Publishers; 1993.
Successful implementation of integrated pest management for
agricultural crops / edited by Anne R. Leslie, Gerrit W. Cuperus.
p. 75-94; 1993. Paper presented at the National Forum on
Agricultural IPM held June 17-19, 1992 in Arlington, VA., organized
by the Environmental Chemistry Division, American Chemical Society.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Vegetables; Crop production; Integrated
pest management
220 NAL Call.
No.: QL461.A52 Potential for resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis:
Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae--a model system.
Ferro, D.N.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993.
American entomologist v. 39 (1): p. 38-44; 1993. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Transgenics; Endotoxins; Gene
expression; Pest resistance; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Insecticide
resistance; Bacillus thuringiensis; Biological control agents
221 NAL Call.
No.: 79.9 C122 Potential for weed control with allelopathy in
turfgrass.
Elmore, C.L.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1990.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (42): p. 214-216; 1990.
Meeting held January 15-17, 1990, San Jose, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Allelopathy; Weed control; Biological
control
222 NAL Call.
No.: SB951.P47 Practical crop protection in a glasshouse
environment.
Veanman, A.F.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
Pesticide science v. 36 (4): p. 363-364; 1992. Paper presented at
the symposium "Integrated Control of Pests and Diseases in
Protected Crops and Greenhouses," May 19-20, 1992, Noordwijkerhout,
The Netherlands. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Netherlands; Greenhouse crops; Integrated pest
management; Biological control agents; Biological control;
Predators of insect pests; Insect pests; Literature reviews
Abstract: Integrated pest management in glasshouse crops in the
Netherlands is discussed with particular reference to existing and
potential biological control agents and methods.
223 NAL Call.
No.: QL461.G4 Predation of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) eggs and larvae by Chrysoperla rufilabris
(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) larvae in the laboratory and field cages.
Nordlund, D.A.; Vacek, D.C.; Ferro, D.N.
Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1991 Oct.
Journal of entomological science v. 26 (4): p. 443-449; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Ova; Larvae; Chrysoperla
rufilabris; Predators of insect pests; Biological control agents
224 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Preharvest and postharvest biological control of
Rhizopus and Botrylis bunch rots of table grapes with antagonistic
yeasts.
Ben-Arie, R.; Droby, S.; Zutkhi, J.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.; Sarig,
P.; Zeidman, M.; Daus, A.; Chalutz, E.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 100-113; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Grapes; Postharvest decay; Rhizopus stolonifer;
Botrytis cinerea; Decay fungi; Biological control; Pichia; Yeasts
225 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Prepupal and pupal parasitism of Helicoverpa zea and
Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Steinernema sp.
in cornfields in the Lower Rio Grande Valley.
Raulston, J.R.; Pair, S.D.; Loera, J.; Cabanillas, H.E.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1666-1670; 1992 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mexico; Texas; Helicoverpa zea; Spodoptera frugiperda;
Biological control; Neoaplectana; Steinernema; Parasites of insect
pests
Abstract: An indigenous Steinernema sp. (Rhabditida:
Steinernematidae) nematode parasitized prepupae and pupae of corn
earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera
frugiperda (J. E. Smith), collected from fruiting cornfields in the
Lower Rio Grande Valley, of Texas and northern Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Over a 5-yr period, 34% of all fields sampled contained parasitized
corn earworm and 24.2% contained parasitized fall armyworm. Of
3,036 corn earworm prepupae and pupae collected during this study,
11.6% were parasitized; of 1,802 fall armyworm collected, 9.3% were
parasitized. Parasitism by Steinernema sp. accounted for 49.4 and
46.1% of the mortality of corn earworm and fall armyworm prepupae
and pupae, respectively.
226 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Presence/absence sampling for greenhouse whitefly on
tomatoes. Johnson, M.W.; Tabashnik, B.E.; Jones, V.P.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 69-73; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Lycopersicon esculentum; Trialeurodes
vaporariorum; Sampling; Integrated pest management; Pesticides
227 NAL Call.
No.: 421 P193 Prevalence of two Bacillus popilliae Dutky
morphotypes and blue disease in Cyclocephala hirta Leconte
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) populations in California.
Kaya, H.K.; Klein, M.G.; Burlando, T.M.
San Francisco, Calif. : Pacific Coast Entomological Society; 1992
Jan. The Pan-Pacific entomologist v. 68 (1): p. 38-45. ill; 1992
Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Lawns and turf; Cyclocephala; Biological
control; Bacillus popilliae; Host parasite relationships;
Rickettsiaceae
228 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Progress slow on Perseae mite control.
Thompson, W.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1993 May. California grower v. 17 (5): p. 35; 1993 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Persea Americana; Mite control; Biological
control; Grants; Research support
229 NAL Call.
No.: S481.R4 Prospects for biological control of the fruit piercing
moth, Othreis fullonia (Clerck) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Sands, D.P.A.; Broe, R.
Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
Service (134): p. 155-158; 1991 Dec. Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Western samoa; Papua new guinea; Fruit crops; Eudocima
fullonia; Biological control; Parasites of insect pests; Telenomus;
Ooencyrtus; Evaluation
230 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Prospects for integrated control of the Colorado
potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) using Perillus bioculatus
(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and various pesticides.
Hough-Goldstein, J.; Keil, C.B.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (6): p. 1645-1651; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Delaware; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Perillus bioculatus; Biological control agents;
Integrated control; Mortality; Bacillus thuringiensis; Cryolite;
Endosulfan; Oxamyl; Insecticidal action; Neem seed extract;
Piperonyl butoxide; Rotenone; Toxicity
Abstract: Endosulfan, oxamyl, and esfenvalarate all were highly
toxic to Perillus bioculatus (F.), a predator of the Colorado
potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Toxicity assays
consisted of topical application to eggs, nymphs, and adults;
exposure of nymphs to treated foliage; and ingestion by P.
bioculatus nymphs of Colorado potato beetle larvae previously
exposed to treated foliage. P. bioculatus egg hatch was unaffected
by topical application of the pesticides. Topical application of
neem seed extract to third-instar nymphs delayed molting and caused
deformities after the molt in some insects, whereas the synergist
piperonyl butoxide and the botanical insecticide rotenone caused
significant mortality. Cryolite (sodium fluoaluminate), Bacillus
thuringiensis var. san diego, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap,
and three fungicides (chlorothalonil, maneb, and metalaxyl) caused
very little predator mortality at any life stage tested. A control
program using these materials would likely be compatible with the
natural buildup of P. bioculatus populations or with augmentative
release of this predator. In a small-plot field study, release of
P. bioculatus in conjunction with bacterial insecticides provided
significant control of Colorado potato beetles for at least 2 wk,
suppressing larval populations by 76% compared with plots treated
only with bacterial insecticides.
231 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.2.A1J58 Reducing golf course pesticide use: three examples.
1. IPM: good business at Florida's John's Island Club.
Goldsby, L.
Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1991.
Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 11 (3): p. 5-7; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Golf courses; Integrated pest management;
Pesticides; Lawns and turf
232 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.2.A1J58 Reducing golf course pesticide use: three examples.
2. IPM at work: Townson, Maryland's Pine Ridge golf courses.
Greenspan, N.T.
Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1991.
Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 11 (3): p. 7-9; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Golf courses; Integrated pest management;
Pest control; Costs; Lawns and turf
233 NAL Call.
No.: 26 T754 Rejuvenation of a peach orchard in the highlands of
Guatemala through integrated management.
Williams, W.T.; Cifuentes, S.; Aguila, V. del; Perez, R.
London : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Oct.
Tropical agriculture v. 69 (4): p. 341-346; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Guatemala; Prunus persica; Pruning; Crop management;
Crop yield; Coryneum; Crop damage; Frost injury; Integrated
control; Monilia; Orchards; Highlands
234 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Relative and seasonal abundance of beneficial
arthropods in centipedegrass as influence by management practices.
Braman, S.K.; Pendley, A.F.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (2): p. 494-504; 1993 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Eremochloa ophiuroides; Arthropod
communities; Beneficial arthropods; Fertilizers; Interactions;
Monitoring; Nontarget effects; Parasites of insect pests;
Pesticidal action; Predators of insect pests; Seasonal abundance
Abstract: Pitfall traps were used to monitor the seasonal activity
of arthropod predators, parasitoids, and decomposers in replicated
plots of centipedegrass turf for 3 yr (1989-1991) at two locations.
During 1990 and 1991, the influence of single or combined
herbicide, insecticide, and fertilizer applications on these
beneficials was assessed. In total, 21 species of carabids in 13
genera and 17 species of staphylinids in 14 genera were represented
in pitfall-trap collections. Nonsminthurid collembolans, ants,
spiders, and parasitic Hymenoptera were adversely affected in the
short term by insecticide applications targeting the twolined
spittlebug, Prosapia bicincta (Say). Other taxa, notably oribatid
Acari, increased over time in response to pesticide or fertilizer
applications. Although various taxa were reduced by pesticide
application during three of four sample intervals, a lack of
overall differences in season totals suggests that the disruptive
influence of certain chemical management practices may be less
severe than expected in the landscape.
235 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N7A4 Report on lawn pesticides fails to provide solutions,
Cornell deans says. Shulman, M.
Middletown, N.Y. : Cornell Cooperative Ext.--Orange County
Agriculture Program, Education Center; 1989 Jul.
Agfocus : publication of Cornell Cooperative Extension--Orange
County. p. 1, 3; 1989 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Lawns and turf; Integrated pest management;
Pesticides; Regulations
236 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Residual activity of insecticides under field
conditions for controlling the Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae).
Ferro, D.N.; Yuan, Q.C.; Slocombe, A.; Tuttle, A.F.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (2): p. 511-516; 1993 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Massachusetts; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Larvae; Mortality; Biological control; Bacillus
thuringiensis; Chemical control; Field experimentation; Insect
control; Insecticides; Residual effects
Abstract: Data are presented on the residual activity of several
insecticides against the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
decemlineata (Say), when applied to potato foliage under field
conditions. Treated foliage was returned to the laboratory and fed
to early (first and second), third, and fourth instars and adults.
Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. tenebrionis (M-One) caused
85% mortality of early instars at 1 h after application, and < 5%
at 48 h. B. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis (M-Trak) caused 90%
mortality of early instars at 1 h and 20% at 72 h. Oxamyl (Vydate)
+ endosulfan (Thiodan) caused 98% mortality of early instars at 1
h and 15% at 48 h. Esfenvalerate (Asana) caused 78% mortality of
early instars at 1 h and 30% at 48 h. Cryolite (Kryocide) caused
100% mortality of early instars at 1 h and 90% mortality after 96
h.
237 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Response of oriental fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)
and associated parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to different-
color spheres. Vargas, R.I.; Stark, J.D.; Prokopy, R.J.; Green,
T.A.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (5): p. 1503-1507; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Psidium guajava; Bactrocera dorsalis;
Biological control agents; Biosteres; Biosteres arisanus; Biosteres
longicaudatus; Opius; Parasites of insect pests; Population
dynamics; Monitoring; Color; Insect attractants
Abstract: Oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, captures were
higher on yellow and white than on orange, red, light green, dark
green, blue, and black spheres hung in guava (Psidium guajava L.)
trees. Captures were greater on 4-cm than on 2-cm yellow spheres.
During a series of four 1-wk study periods, mean numbers of D.
dorsalis captured on yellow and white spheres were 4.4 and 6.3
flies per sphere, respectively. Four species of D. dorsalis
parasitoids were also captured on 4-cm yellow and white spheres:
Biosteres arisanus (Sonan), Psyttalia incisi (Silvestri), Biosteres
vandenboschi (Fullaway), and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata
(Ashmead). These species constituted 84.1, 5.3, 5.3, and 5.3%,
respectively, of the total braconid parasitoids captured on yellow
spheres and 83.3, 10.5, 3.1, and 3.1%, respectively, of the total
parasitoids captured on white spheres. Mean numbers of B. arisanus,
the most abundant opiine parasitoid, were 1.6 wasps per yellow
sphere and 0.8 wasp per white sphere. This research indicates
yellow or white spheres would be useful devices for monitoring D.
dorsalis and parasitoid populations simultaneously.
238 NAL Call. No.:
QD415.A1J6 Responses of laboratory-strain Mexican fruit flies,
Anastrepha ludens, to combinations of fermenting fruit odor and
male-produced pheromone in laboratory bioassays.
Robacker, D.C.; Garcia, J.A.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1990 Jun.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 16 (6): p. 2027-2038; 1990 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Anastrepha ludens; Sex pheromones; Sex attractants;
Fruit; Odors; Fermentation; Combination; Insect control; Biological
control
Abstract: The attractiveness to A. ludens adults of a combination
of odor of fermented chapote fruit and pheromone was compared to
attractiveness of both chapote and pheromone in laboratory
bioassays. The chemical treatments were tested on 2-day-old and 10-
to 12-day-old (sexually immature and mature, respectively), virgin
and mated, nonstarved and starved, males and females during the
early afternoon when flies were sexually inactive and the late
afternoon when sexually mature flies were sexually active. The
chapote-pheromone combination was equal to chapote odor alone in
attractiveness to males and mated females. Pheromone partially
inhibited attraction of immature females to chapote odor. Chapote
odor almost completely inhibited attraction of sexually active
females to pheromone. The potential for using a combination of
chapote and pheromone as a trap bait is discussed.
239 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 A review and current status of research on enhancement
of biological control of postharvest diseases of fruit by use of
calcium salts with yeasts. McLaughlin, R.J.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 184-194; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Apples; Postharvest decay; Biological control; Candida
guilliermondii; Calcium
240 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Role of chemical fungicides and biological agents in
postharvest disease control.
Eckert, J.W.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 14-30; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Disease control; Fungicides;
Biological control
241 NAL Call.
No.: 23 AU792 Sampling for the potato moth (Phthorimaea
operculella) and its parasitoids). Horne, P.A.
East Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization; 1993.
Australian journal of experimental agriculture v. 33 (1): p. 91-96;
1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Victoria; Solanum tuberosum; Phthorimaea operculella;
Biological control; Insecticides; Apanteles subandinus; Copidosoma
koehleri; Orgilus lepidus; Parasites of insect pests; Monitoring;
Pheromone traps; Sex pheromones; Sampling; Site factors
242 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Scaling-up the production for application of an
antagonist--from basic research to R & D.
Hofstein, R.; Droby, S.; Chalutz, E.; Wilson, C.; Fridlender, B.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 197-210; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Biological control
243 NAL Call.
No.: SB925.B5 Seasonal cycles of Myiopharus aberrans and M.
doryphorae (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitizing Colorado potato
beetles in upstate New York.
Gollands, B.; Tauber, M.J.; Tauber, C.A.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1991 Aug.
Biological control v. 1 (2): p. 153-163; 1991 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Plant pests;
Biological control agents; Parasites of insect pests; Myiopharus;
Myiopharus doryphorae; Phenology; Seasonal variation; Diapause;
Estivation; Overwintering; Life cycle; Host parasite relationships
244 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Selection of a Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) strain resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis.
Whalon, M.E.; Miller, D.L.; Hollingworth, R.M.; Grafius, E.J.;
Miller, J.R. Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993
Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (2): p. 226-233; 1993 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Michigan; Solanum tuberosum; Transgenics; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Cross resistance; Endotoxins; Feeding behavior;
Insecticide resistance; Oviposition; Biological control; Bacillus
thuringiensis
Abstract: For the first time, resistance to the CRYIIIA
coleopteran specific delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis var.
san diego or tenebrionis is reported. Colorado potato beetles,
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), were selected in the laboratory
after exposure in potato fields in Michigan. After 12 generations
of selection, the selected strain was 59 times more resistant than
the unselected strain and 24-35 times more resistant than other
susceptible or insecticide-resistant strains. We observed no cross-
resistance between organophosphate, carbamate, or pyrethroid
resistance and B. thuringiensis resistance. No difference in
movement induced by B. thuringiensis or initial feeding behavior
was observed between selected and unselected strains, although a
shift toward petiole feeding behavior was observed in adults (of
both strains) that were stressed by B. thuringiensis. The selected
strain oviposited at a reduced rate of 0.1 +/- 0.15 (mean +/- SD)
egg masses per day) on treated foliage; the unselected strain was
oostatic. Based on these results, it is recommended that resistance
management strategies be developed and deployed for both
conventionally applied B. thuringiensis products and B.
thuringiensis transgenic plants.
245 NAL Call. No.:
SB945.F8F7 1989 Serodiagnostic of the host-parasite relationships
of some fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) and Opius concolor Sz.
(Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Ben Salah, H.; Cheikh, M.; Ben Hamouda,
M.H.
Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
Cavalloro. p. 295-310; 1989. (EUR). Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Bactrocera cucurbitae; Bactrocera dorsalis; Bactrocera
oleae; Ceratitis capitata; Tephritidae; Host parasite
relationships; Opius concolor; Parasites of insect pests;
Immunodiagnosis
246 NAL Call. No.:
SB433.34.V8V47 Shrub and tree plant health care for the 90's.
Rao, B.
Blacksburg, Va. : Virginia Cooperative Extension Service; 1991 Dec.
Proceedings - Virginia Turfgrass Landscape Conference (31st): p.
63-68; 1991 Dec. Meeting held on January 14-17, 1991, Richmond,
Virginia.
Language: English
Descriptors: Shrubs; Trees; Selection; Planting; Maintenance; Pest
management; Biological control
247 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Some growth regulators: their effectiveness against
orchard pests and selectivity to predatory and parasitic
arthropods.
Niemczyk, E.; Koslinska, M.; Maciesiak, A.; Nowakowski, Z.; Olszak,
R.; Szufa, A.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Dec. Acta horticulturae (285): p. 157-164; 1990 Dec. Paper
presented at the symposium on "Integrated Fruit Production,"
September 11-15, 1989, Wadenswil, Switzerland. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Poland; Malus pumila; Insect pests; Natural enemies;
Plant growth regulators; Toxicity
Abstract: The orchard pests: codling moth, winter moth and leaf
miners tested are effectively controlled by growth regulators:
diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron and triflumuron. Diflubenzuron reduced
considerably the population of apple blossom weevil and apple
sucker. The selectivity of insect growth regulators to the tested
predators (Anthocoris nemorum, Chrysopa carnea, Coccinella
septempunctata, Episyrphus balteatus, Typhlodromus pyri) and
parasitic wasp (Trichogramma cacoeciae) depends in a high degree on
the predator species and their development stage. Generalising, one
can say, that growth regulators are only partially selective to the
majority of natural enemies of orchard pests.
248 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus as a
candidate viral insecticide for the beet armyworm (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae).
Kolodny-Hirsch, D.M.; Warkentin, D.L.; Alvarado-Rodriguez, B.;
Kirkland, R. Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993
Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (2): p. 314-321; 1993 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Spodoptera exigua; Biological control; Bacillus
thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; Insect control; Nuclear polyhedrosis
viruses; Viral insecticides
Abstract: A technical grade lyophilized preparation of the
Spodoptera exigua multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus
(SeMNPV) was field-tested in small plots and compared with Bacillus
thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Berliner) for control of the-beet
armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) on tomatoes, peppers, and
garbanzo beans in the Central Valley of California and tomatoes in
the Guasave Valley of Sinaloa, Mexico. Weekly application of SeMNPV
at rates of 2.5 X 10(11) and 12.5 X 10(11) occlusion bodies (OB)/ha
gave season-long control of beet armyworm and provided significant
reductions in plant damage compared with untreated control plots.
On pepper and garbanzo bean, respectively, the level of beet
armyworm reduction and foliar protection was significantly greater
in plots treated with 12.5 X 10(11) OB/ha of SeMNPV than in the
plots treated with B. thuringiensis. However, the degree of control
achieved at the low rate of the virus was similar to the high rate
of SeMNPV and B. thuringiensis on all crops tested. Bioassay of
chrysanthemum leaves sprayed with the SeMNPV killed > 98% beet
armyworm immediately after application and retained 50% of its
original pathogenicity 7 d after treatment. Both Orzan LS and skim
milk improved virus persistence. The results of these tests confirm
the efficacy of the SeMNPV for control of the beet armyworm on
several vegetable crops.
249 NAL Call.
No.: 464.8 P56 Sporulation of the nematophagous fungus Hirsutella
rhossiliensis from hyphae produced in vitro and added to soil.
Lackey, B.A.; Jaffee, B.A.; Muldoon, A.E.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Nov.
Phytopathology v. 82 (11): p. 1326-1330; 1992 Nov. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Beta vulgaris; Heterodera schachtii; Plant
parasitic nematodes; Nematode control; Hirsutella; Biological
control agents; Nematophagous fungi; Soil fungi; Growth;
Sporulation
Abstract: After assimilating and killing host nematodes,
Hirsutella rhossiliensis sporulates (i.e., produces external
hyphae, phialides, and spores) from assimilative hyphae within the
cadaver, the spores adhere to and infect nematodes. The ability of
the fungus to sporulate from hyphae produced in vitro, rather than
in host nematodes, was tested. Hyphae in the form of discrete
vegetative colonies were grown in shake culture (potato-dextrose
broth). In moist chambers, sporulation from vegetative colonies
(rinsed free of broth) and from host nematodes was identical. To
determine whether vegetative colonies sporulated in soil, vials
were packed with nonheated, heated, or autoclaved loamy sand (17
cm3) containing 0-50 rinsed vegetative colonies. After 14 days at
20 C, healthy juveniles (J2) of Heterodera schachtii were added and
recovered 66 h later. The percentage of J2 with at least one
attached spore of H. rhossiliensis increased nonlinearly with
increased numbers of colonies added per vial. The percentage was
not affected by soil treatment, and virtually all J2 with attached
spores were infected by the fungus. Approximately four vegetative
colonies per 17 cm3 of soil were required to obtain 50% parasitism
of J2 in loamy sand and in six other raw soils that varied in
texture and other properties. Penetration of cabbage roots by J2
was suppressed in raw loamy sand containing rinsed vegetative
colonies. Vegetative colonies did not affect growth of seven plant
species in the absence of nematodes. Results suggest that hyphae of
H. rhossiliensis produced in vitro and added to soil without
organic substrate may be used for biological control of plant-
parasitic nematodes.
250 NAL Call.
No.: A00110 State will use sterile medflies: millions to be
released in L.A.'s fight against pest.
San Francisco, Calif. : The Chronical Publishing Co; 1991 Nov29.
San Francisco chronicle. p. A34; 1991 Nov29.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Sterile insect release; Biological control
251 NAL Call. No.:
SB379.A9A9 Staying alert to change.
Affleck, M.
Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
1992 Feb. California grower v. 16 (2): p. 8, 10; 1992 Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Persea Americana; Ceratitis capitata;
Anastrepha ludens; Bactrocera dorsalis; Advertising; Government;
Pest control; Consumer education; Water management; Water
allocation; Biological control
252 NAL Call.
No.: SB476.G7 Stock your pest control arsenal with new turf
pesticides.
Minner, D.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1992 Apr.
Grounds maintenance v. 27 (4): p. 12-14, 104; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Pesticides; Herbicides; Fungicides;
Insecticides; Biological control agents
253 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 Studies on population dynamics of mango hopper and
scope of off-seasonal spraying in integrated pest management
programme.
Jhala, R.C.; Shah, A.H.; Patel, Z.P.; Patel, R.L.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1989
Aug. Acta horticulturae (231): p. 597-601; 1989 Aug. Paper
presented at the "Second International Symposium on Mango," Volume
II, May 20-24, 1985, Bangalore, India. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idioscopus clypealis; Population dynamics; Integrated
pest management
Abstract: Hopper population was prevailing throughout the year in
all types of orchard but it was higher in old orchard as compared
to new and neglected orchard which may be due to different
ecological conditions prevailing in different types of orchards.
The results indicated that spraying of 0.2 per cent carbaryl in
mango orchard during off-season (November 1983) does help in
delaying the development of nymphal population during flowering
period. This may help in avoiding the insecticidal spraying during
flowering and fruit setting, and thereby protecting the pollinators
in mango orchard which are active during this period.
254 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Suppression of a Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera:
Tephritidae) population with concurrent parasitoid and sterile fly
releases in Kula, Maui, Hawaii. Wong, T.T.Y.; Ramadan, M.M.; Herr,
J.C.; McInnis, D.O.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1671-1681; 1992 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hawaii; Ceratitis capitata; Biological control;
Braconidae; Insect control; Sterile insect release
Abstract: Irradiated adult Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis
capitata (Wiedemann), were released at an average rate of 3 million
per week for 5 mo in a sterile insect technique (SIT) program to
suppress a wild C. capitata population in the 13-km2 area of Kula,
Maui, HI. Concurrent with sterile fly releases, the braconid larval
parasitoid Diachasmimorpha tryoni (Cameron) was released at an
average rate of 388,000 per week. The average weekly overflooding
ratio was 76.0 +/- 4.8 sterile/wild flies. Mean number (+/-SEM) of
male C. capitata trapped per day was significantly reduced to 0.15
+/- 0.05 in Kula compared with 1.30 +/- 0.17 in a nearby control
area. The mean percentage of C. capitata eggs hatching was
significantly lower in Kula (22.9 +/- 4.2%) than in the control
area (90.2 +/- 0.9%). The overall mean percentage parasitism of C.
capitata in fruit samples was significantly higher in Kula (47.2 +/-
2.7%) than in the control area (20.3 +/- 3.1%). After the first
month of parasitoid releases, D. tryoni became the dominant
parasitoid present in Kula, representing 61.6 +/- 6.3% of the
parasitoids recovered from C. capitata in fruit samples. The mean
number of adult C. capitata recovered per kilogram of fruit was
significantly lower in Kula (9.8 +/- 1.3) compared with the control
area (92.6 +/- 22.7). This field experiment suggests that the
concurrent release of parasitoids and sterile flies represents a
valuable approach to eradication of established Mediterranean fruit
fly populations.
255 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P Suppression of cottony leak of cucumber with Bacillus
cereus strain UW85. Smith, K.P.; Havey, M.J.; Handelsman, J.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1993 Feb.
Plant disease v. 77 (2): p. 139-142; 1993 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cucumis sativus; Pythium aphanidermatum; Fruits; Fruit
rots; Suppression; Postharvest decay; Bacillus cereus; Biological
control agents; Biological control
256 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Suppression of the Colorado potato beetle
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with augmentative releases of
predaceous stinkbugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Biever, K.D.;
Chauvin, R.L.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Jun.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (3): p. 720-726; 1992 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Solanum tuberosum; Solanaceae;
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Larvae; Mortality; Population density;
Biological control; Insect control; Perillus bioculatus; Podisus
maculiventris; Predators of insect pests
Abstract: Field cage tests in 1987 established that releases of
5-10 Perillus bioculatus (F.) and Podisus macutiventris (Say) per
plant were able to reduce high density populations (approximately
450 per plant) of Colorado potato beetle by approximatey 50%. P.
bioculatus greater foliage protection than P. maculiventris. In
1988, in similar cage tests, P. bioculatus released at rates of 2-8
per plant reduced Colorado potato beetle densities of approximately
100 per plant by approximately 8.5% per predator released. Field
plot tests in 1988 confirmed cage results with P. bioculatus and
demonstrated that 1 and 3 predators per plant suppressed
populations of Colorado potato beetle by 30 and 62%, respectively.
Three P. bioculatus per plant significantly reduced defoliation and
increased yield 65% over the untreated control. Progeny production
of a laboratory colony of P. bioculatus maintained on Trichoplusia
ni (Hubner) larvae was equivalent to that for a colony maintained
on Colorado potato beetle larvae. Our data indicate that
inoculative releases of stinkbug predators for suppression of
Colorado potato beetle populations could be an important component
of an integrated management program.
257 NAL Call.
No.: SB599.J69 A survey of arthropod predators of Leptinotarsa
decemlineata (Say) in Delaware potato fields.
Heimpel, G.E.; Hough-Goldstein, J.A.
Clemson, S.C. : South Carolina Entomological Society; 1992 Apr.
Journal of agricultural entomology v. 9 (2): p. 137-142; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Delaware; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Predators of insect pests; Biological control agents;
Surveys
258 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Survival, longevity, and reproduction of tephritid
fruit fly parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reared from fruit
flies exposed to azadirachtin. Stark, J.D.; Wong, T.T.Y.; Vargas,
R.I.; Thalman, R.K.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Aug.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (4): p. 1125-1129; 1992 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ceratitis capitata; Bactrocera; Exposure;
Azadirachtin; Insecticidal action; Biological control; Braconidae;
Parasites of insect pests; Rearing techniques; Reproduction;
Survival; Longevity
259 NAL Call.
No.: QL461.G4 Susceptibility of prepupae of the Colorado potato
beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes
(Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae).
Cantelo, W.W.; Nickle, W.R.
Griffin, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1992 Jan.
Journal of entomological science v. 27 (1): p. 37-43; 1992 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Insect control;
Entomophilic nematodes; Steinernema; Neoaplectana feltiae;
Heterorhabditis; Xenorhabdus; Biological control agents
260 NAL Call.
No.: 79.9 C122 Systems approach for vegetable weed control.
Agamalian, H.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1990.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (42): p. 90-93; 1990.
Meeting held January 15-17, 1990, San Jose, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vegetables; Cultural weed control; Integrated control;
Chemical control
261 NAL Call.
No.: 79.9 C122 Systems approach to weed management in turfgrass.
Hanson, D.L.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1990.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (42): p. 94-104; 1990.
Meeting held January 15-17, 1990, San Jose, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Cultural weed control; Integrated
control
262 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N6N62 Tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass athletic field
maintenance calendar. Bruneau, A.H.; Lewis, W.M.; Lucas, L.T.;
Brandenburg, R.L.; Sneed, R.E.; DiPaola, J.M.; Peacock, C.H.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
State University (430): 8 p.; 1991 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Poa pratensis; Lawns and turf;
Sports grounds; Mowing; Fertilizers; Irrigation; Tillage; Weed
control; Herbicides; Cultivars; Planting; Pest control; Integrated
pest management
263 NAL Call.
No.: 100 T31P Test of Steinernema spp. nematodes for biological
control of white grubs in Texas turfgrass: 1991.
Crocker, R.L.; Rodriguez del Bosque, L.A.; Hersi, A.M.
College Station, Tex. : The Station; 1992 Sep.
PR - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (5000): p. 60-62; 1992
Sep. In the series analytic: Texas turfgrass research--1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Cynodon dactylon; Phyllophaga crinita;
Cyclocephala; Neoaplectana carpocapsae; Neoaplectana feltiae;
Neoaplectana glaseri; Pest control; Application rates; Biological
control
264 NAL Call.
No.: 60.18 J82 Training lambs to be weed eaters: studies with leafy
spurge. Walker, J.W.; Hemenway, K.G.; Hatfield, P.G.; Glimp, H.A.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 May.
Journal of range management v. 45 (3): p. 245-249; 1992 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idaho; Lambs; Euphorbia esula; Diets; Weed control;
Biological control; Grazing behavior; Training of animals; Feeding
preferences
Abstract: The objective of the study was to determine if exposure
of young lambs to leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) would increase
the consumption of this plant. Orphan lambs were exposed to leafy
spurge from birth to 11 weeks of age as a water soluble extract
mixed with milk replacer and as freshly harvested plants. Ewe-
reared lambs were exposed to leafy spurge by grazing them on a
leafy spurge-infested pasture. Study 1 investigated the consumption
of vegetative and flowering leafy spurge paired with arrowleaf
balsam root (Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh)Nutt.) by orphan lambs
during a 30-min feeding period. Experienced lambs consumed a higher
percentage leafy spurge than naive lambs (P<0.03). The interaction
of leafy spurge phenophase and previous experience (P<0.02) showed
that experienced lambs preferred leafy spurge regardless of
phenophase (70% of intake) and naive lambs only preferred leafy
spurge when it was vegetative. Study 2 investigated the preference
for leafy spurge on pastures with high or low leafy spurge biomass.
Experienced compared to naive lambs had a higher percentage of
bites (P<0.001) and preferred leafy spurge in the high spurge
biomass pasture, but not in low biomass pastures. Naive lambs
avoided leafy spurge in both pastures. Study 3 was a pasture trial
that investigated spurge consumption by orphan and ewe-reared
lambs. Percent bites and time spent grazing leafy spurge were not
affected (P>0.23) by previous exposure, but daily herbage removal
was greater (P<0.09) in pastures grazed by experienced compared to
naive lambs (876 vs. 685 g/lamb, respectively). Experienced ewe-
reared lambs had a higher rate of biting on leafy spurge (P<0.06)
than naive or orphan lambs. These studies indicate that previous
experience will be an important factor affecting the use of sheep
as a biological control agent for leafy spurge.
265 NAL Call.
No.: QL461.I57 Trathala flavoorbitalis: parasitization and
development in relation to host-stage attacked.
Sandanayake, W.R.M.; Edirisinghe, J.P.
Nairobi, Kenya : ICIPE Science Press; 1992 Jun.
Insect science and its application v. 13 (3): p. 287-292; 1992 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sri lanka; Solanum melongena; Leucinodes orbonalis;
Larvae; Parasitism; Biological control; Ichneumonidae; Biological
development; Oviposition
Abstract: Oviposition and development of the ichneumonid Trathala
flavoorbitalis (Cam.) a parasitoid of the brinjal shoot and fruit
borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen., was investigated. The parasitoid
responded to a host larva by inserting its ovipositor (stinging)
into the larva, whichever instar (first to fifth) it was. All the
first and about 50% of the second instars that were stung and
oviposited in, were mutilated and died as a result. Successful
parasitization and parasitoid development up to adult emergence
occurred in 53% of the third, 57% of the fourth and 41% of the
fifth instar host larvae. When given a choice of instars for
oviposition, the parasitoid avoided all first instar and most
second instar larvae, while third to fifth instars were equally
accepted. The total developmental time of the parasitoid was much
the same (about 20-24 days) whichever larval instar (second to
fifth) was parasitized. The parasitized host at pupation contained
different developmental stages of the parasitoid, differing in this
respect from most other species of larval-pupal parasitoids.
266 NAL Call. No.:
SB433.34.V8V47 Turfgrass IPM--a key to survival in 1990's.
Waghray, R.N.
Blacksburg, Va. : Virginia Cooperative Extension Service; 1990 Dec.
Proceedings - Virginia Turfgrass Landscape Conference (30th): p.
26-30; 1990 Dec. Meeting held January 15-18, 1990, Richmond,
Virginia.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Integrated pest management; Decision
making
267 NAL Call. No.:
275.29 W27P Turfgrass pest management--a training manual for
commercial pesticide applicators (category 3a).
Sicheneder, K.
Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
Extension bulletin - Washington State University, Cooperative
Extension Service (2327): 115 p.; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Pest management; Weeds; Pesticides;
Integrated pest management; Golf courses; Monitoring; Diseases;
Insects; Irrigation; Soil ph; Soil texture; Fertilizers; Mowing;
Safety
268 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 Ultraviolet light induced resistance against postharvest
diseases in vegetables and fruits.
Stevens, C.; Lu, J.Y.; Khan, V.A.; Wilson, C.L.; Chalutz, E.;
Droby, S. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 268-290; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit; Vegetables; Postharvest decay; Induced
resistance; Ultraviolet radiation
269 NAL Call. No.:
S605.5.I45 1989 use of neem seed cake and of 2 vegetables oils to
control bean weevil in cowpeas.
Dabire, C.
Witzenhausen? : Ekopan; 1990.
Agricultural alternatives and nutritional self-sufficiency : for a
sustainable agricultural system that respects man and his
environment : proc of the IFOAM Seventh Int Scientific Conference,
Ouagadougou, January 2-5, 1989. p. 385-393; 1990. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Burkina faso; Cowpeas; Callosobruchus maculatus;
Biological control; Insect control; Plant protection; Plant oils;
Neem seed cake; Lifespan; Females; Fertility; Larvae; Population
dynamics
270 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 The use of temperature for postharvest decay control in
citrus fruit. Cohen, E.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 256-267; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Citrus fruits; Postharvest decay; Disease control;
Temperature
271 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Use of the occurrence of peak Colorado potato beetle
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) egg hatch for timing of Bacillus
thuringiensis spray applications in potatoes.
Zehnder, G.W.; Ghidiu, G.M.; Speese, J. III
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Feb.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (1): p. 281-288; 1992 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
decemlineata; Hatch; Ova; Biological control; Bacillus
thuringiensis; Spraying; Timing
Abstract: Two field experiments were done to evaluate spray timing
relative to peak egg hatch, of Bacillus thuringiensis var. san
diego (M-One Insecticide, Mycogen Corp., San Diego, Calif.) for
control of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
in potatoes. In the first experiment, 186.1 +/ - 4.5 (average +/-
SEM) cumulative DD (n = 3 yr, 10 degrees C base threshold) were
recorded from first oviposition by overwintered beetles until peak
(33-64%) egg mass hatch. In 1989, when no rainfall occurred during
the period when spray treatments were made, effective potato beetle
control was achieved with B. thuringiensis if the first spray, was
applied within 9 d of peak egg hatch and subsequent sprays were
applied at either 5- or 10-d intervals. In 1990, when heavy
rainfall occurred after the first spray, spray interval (5 or 10 d)
had a greater effect on potato beetle control than did timing of
the first spray application, and only the 5-d schedule treatments
resulted in effective control. Results of a second field experiment
in 1990 demonstrated that a 7- or 10-d interval between sprays of
B. thuringiensis (following the initial spray at peak egg hatch)
was too long to result in acceptable control of Colorado potato
beetle if rainfall occurs after the initial spray. However, a 10-d
spray schedule using an encapsulated formulation of B.
thuringiensis var. san diego (MYX-1806, Mycogen Corp., San Diego,
Calif.) resulted in effective control of Colorado potato beetle.
Methods for estimation of peak potato beetle egg hatch in potatoes
for use in timing of B. thuringiensis spray applications are
presented.
272 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 The use of yeast Pichia guilliermondii as a biocontrol
agent: characterization of attachment to Botrytis cinerea.
Wisniewski, M.; Biles, C.; Droby, S.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 167-183; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Apples; Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium expansum;
Postharvest decay; Biological control; Pichia
273 NAL Call. No.:
60.18 UN33 Using computer situations to predict the fate and
environmental impact of applied pesticides.
Franke, K.J.
Far Hills, N.J. : United States Golf Association; 1992 Mar. USGA
Green Section record v. 30 (2): p. 17-21; 1992 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Golf courses; Pesticides; Integrated
pest management; Environmental impact; Computer simulation
274 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 vPETE: a phenological model built for integration into
software systems. Currans, K.G.; Croft, B.A.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae (276): p. 35-41; 1990 Jul. Paper presented
at the "Second International Symposium on Computer Modelling in
Fruit Research and Orchard Management," September 5-8, 1989, Logan,
Utah. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fruit trees; Integrated pest management; Computer
software
Abstract: vPETE was conceived as a means to better integrate a
phenological model into an expert system for Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) in deciduous tree fruits. We discuss vPETE as an
insect phenology model driven by degree-days via an operating
system technique called a "PIPE" (Ritchie and Thompson 1974). A
distributed delay routine is the basis of vPETE, which configures
the life cycle of an organism and expands it for new generations.
vPETE simplifies phenological modeling in larger software systems
and is adaptable to many systems. Operating system techniques used
by vPETE are dynamic memory allocation, stream input/output, and
multitasking. All output from vPETE is communicated to a graphical
display program or file. No human interaction is performed.
Versions of vPETE run on parallel computing platforms.
275 NAL Call.
No.: SB321.G85 Weed IPM in sweet corn.
Ashley, R.A.
Storrs, Conn. : Coop. Ext. Serv., USDA, College of Agriculture &
Natural Resources, Univ. of Conn; 1992 Apr.
The Grower : vegetable and small fruit newsletter v. 92 (4): p. 4;
1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Weed control; Integrated pest management;
Herbicides; Cultural control; Row spacing; Nitrogen
276 NAL Call.
No.: SB957.R47 Western Entomologists for a more rational approach
to pest management. Brunner, J.; Hoyt, S.
East Lansing, Mich. : Pesticide Research Center, Michigan State
University; 1991 Feb.
Resistant pest management v. 3 (1): p. 5-6; 1991 Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Tree fruits; Pest management; Insecticide
resistance; Biological control; Organic farming; Organophosphate
insecticides; Pyrethroids; Pheromones; Insect growth regulators
277 NAL Call.
No.: 421 J822 Western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in
greenhouses: population dynamics, distribution on plants, and
associations with predators. Higgins, C.J.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1891-1903; 1992 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: British Columbia; Capsicum annuum; Cucumis sativus;
Greenhouse crops; Frankliniella occidentalis; Monitoring;
Population dynamics; Sex ratio; Spatial distribution; Yellow sticky
traps; Predators of insect pests; Neoseiulus cucumeris; Orius
tristicolor
Abstract: Studies were conducted in commercial greenhouses to
examine seasonal population dynamics of western flower thrips,
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) on two crops: bell peppers,
Capsicum annuum (L.) and long English cucumbers, Cucumis sativus
(L.). Yellow sticky traps were used to monitor density and sex
ratio of the dispersing adult population. Leaf and flower samples
were taken to determine the spatial distribution of adults and
larvae, and to investigate the relationship between trap catch and
density of F. occidentalis on the plants. Trap catch peaked at
different times during the growing season in each greenhouse. As
trap catch increased, numbers of F. occidentalis adults and
immatures on flowers and leaves also increased. On both crops, the
majority (84-95%) of adults in flowers were females. Greater than
85% of larvae were found on leaves. Adult male F. occidentalis were
rarely found on plants, even when traps were catching high numbers.
Female F. occidentalis were always found in flowers before they
were found on leaves and were found on sticky traps only when the
thrips population started to increase. Used together, sticky traps
and flower monitoring allow quick detection of potential "hot
spots" of thrips activity. Control measures can be applied
immediately on a local rather than grand scale. Introductions of
the predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) did not control
the thrips population in most of the greenhouses monitored.
However, the minute pirate bug, Orius tristicolor (White), shows
promise for future use as an effective biological control agent in
commercial vegetable greenhouses.
278 NAL Call. No.:
aS21.R44A7 What's happening with natural compounds.
Duke, J.A.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(92): p. 299-318; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the "Workshop on
Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Medicinal plants; Plant products
279 NAL Call. No.:
SB950.2.A1J58 Where there's a will, there's a way: city rose garden
without insecticides or fungicides.
Rhay, T.
Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1990.
Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 10 (1): p. 40-41; 1990.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oregon; Roses; Integrated pest management; Public
gardens
280 NAL Call.
No.: 80 AC82 The white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona
(Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspidae), a pest of economic
importance on granadilla. Crause, C.
Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
Jul. Acta horticulturae July 1990 (275): p. 655-662; 1990 Jul.
Paper presented at the "International Symposium on the Culture of
Subtropical and Tropical Fruits and Crops," Volume II, November
6/10, 1989, Nelspruit, South Africa. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Africa; Passiflora edulis; Passiflora caerulea;
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona; Insect pests; Pest control; Biological
control
Abstract: The white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona
(Targioni-Tozzetti) is a pest on the purple granadilla, Passiflora
edulis Sims which is often grafted onto the rootstock of the red
granadilla, Passiflora caerulea L.. The adult female feeds on the
main stem of the granadilla and it moves up to the vines as the
infestation increases. Severe infestations of the scale can cause
die back of the granadilla stems and eventually the entire plant
can die. The white peach scale can be bred on butternut pumpkins,
Cucurbita moschata Duch. and potato, Solanum tuberosum. L.. At 25
degrees C a life cycle took 42 to 56 days. The purple granadilla,
Passiflora edulis and the yellow granadilla, Passiflora edulis
forma flavicarpa Degener are very susceptible to the white peach
scale. It was also found that seedlings contaminated with scale,
died prematurely after being planted out. Two parasitoids have been
identified in South Africa, namely Aspidiotiphagus sp. and
Arrhenophagus chionaspidis Aurivillius, but they are not able to
keep the white peach scale under control. A few parasitoids are
found in other countries which should be introduced if biological
control of the white peach scale is to be achieved.
281 NAL Call.
No.: 420 W27 The white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona
(Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae): life history in
Maryland, host plants, and natural enemies.
Hanks, L.M.; Denno, R.F.
Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1993 Jan.
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington v. 95 (1):
p. 79-98; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Fruit trees; Ornamental woody plants;
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona; Life history; Fecundity; Sex ratio;
Seasonality; Parasitoids; Predators
282 NAL Call. No.:
SB433.34.V8V47 Will biological lawn care fly in the 90's.
Rao, B.
Blacksburg, Va. : Virginia Cooperative Extension Service; 1991 Dec.
Proceedings - Virginia Turfgrass Landscape Conference (31st): p.
40-47; 1991 Dec. Meeting held on January 14-17, 1991, Richmond,
Virginia.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Cultural control; Pest control;
Disease control; Fertilizers; Biological control
283 NAL Call.
No.: 1.9 P69P A working description of the Penn State apple orchard
consultant, an expert system.
Travis, J.W.; Rajotte, E.; Bankert, R.; Hickey, K.D.; Hull, L.A.;
Eby, V.; Heinemann, P.H.; Crassweller, R.; McClure, J.; Bowser, T.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Jun.
Plant disease v. 76 (6): p. 545-554; 1992 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Malus; Orchards; Crop production; Expert
systems; Integrated pest management; Plant disease control;
Chemical control; Decision making; Diffusion of information;
Information processing; Microcomputers; Computer techniques;
Innovation adoption
284 NAL Call. No.:
S544.3.N7A4 Year-round pesticide-free strawberries grow in Cornell
greenhouse. Segelken, R.
Middletown, N.Y. : Cornell Cooperative Ext.--Orange County
Agriculture Program, Education Center; 1991 Oct.
Agfocus : publication of Cornell Cooperative Extension--Orange
County. p. 5, 7; 1991 Oct.
Language: English
Descriptors: Strawberries; Greenhouse culture; Biological control;
Organic farming; Bacillus thuringiensis
285 NAL Call. No.:
S605.5.O74 Your friend the nematode.
Chaplin, L.T.
Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Press, Inc; 1992 Mar.
Organic gardening v. 39 (3): p. 90-91, 94-95; 1992 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nematoda; Xenorhabdus; Biological control agents;
Biological control; Soil water content; Soil temperature; Domestic
gardens
Author Index
Aalbu, R. 113
Acosta, N. 24
Adalla, C.B. 97
Adams, Roger G. 123
Affleck, M. 251
Agamalian, H. 260
Agounke, D. 40
Aguila, V. del 233
Allen, J.C. 74
Alm, S.R. 30
Alvarado-Rodriguez, B. 248
Andreadis, T.G. 181
Annys, K. 194
Antonelli, A.L. 5
Apel, G. 143
Arnold, D.C. 61
Ashley, R.A. 275
Baird, J.V. 52
Baldwin, N.A. 144
Bankert, R. 283
Baranowski, R. 39
Barcinas, J.M. 59
Barden, J.A. 3
Barfield, C.S. 74
Barkai-Golan, R. 28
Bauernfeind, R.J. 68
Baugher, T.A. 3
Baxendale, F.P. 132
Beach, E. Douglas 12
Beard, J.B. 161
Bechmann, H.E. 18
Belanger, R.R. 71
Belda, J. 105
Bellows, T.S. 27
Ben Hamouda, M.H. 245
Ben Salah, H. 245
Ben-Arie, R. 35, 224
Bender, G. 193
Bennett, F.D. 218
BenSalah, H. 113
Bentley, W. 211
Bertrand, P.F. 190
Biever, K.D. 256
Biles, C. 184, 272
Biles, C.L. 33, 127
Binning, L.K. 152
Bio Integral Resource Center (Berkeley, Calif.) 63
Bishop, D. 62
Blanchard-Chess, B. 117
Blodgett, S. 211
Bohart, G.E. 138
Bonham, C.D. 100
Bosler, E.M. 95
Bosshard, E. 115
Bowser, T. 124, 283
Braman, S.K. 234
Brandenburg, R.L. 52, 146, 262
Broe, R. 229
Bromley, P.T. 8
Browning, H.W. 88
Brun, C.A. 5
Bruneau, A.H. 52, 62, 146, 262
Brunner, J. 276
Bryant, B. 143
Burlando, T.M. 183, 227
Burpee, L. 47
Byers, R.E. 3
Cabanillas, H.E. 225
Calkins, C.O. 14
Caltagirone, L.E. 125
Campbell, C.D. 89
Cantelo, W.W. 81, 259
Capinera, J.L. 100
Cappaert, D.L. 213
Caprile, J. 211
Cardina, J. 139
Carmean, I. 16
Cartwright, B. 67
Chalutz, E. 28, 32, 33, 35, 184, 195, 201, 208, 209, 224, 242, 268
Chalutz, Edo 31
Chambers, D.L. 14
Chaney, W.E. 125
Chaplin, L.T. 285
Charnley, A.K. 90
Chauvin, R.L. 256
Cheikh, M. 245
Ciancio, A. 202
Cifuentes, S. 233
Clark, J.D. 93
Cohen, E. 270
Cohen, L. 28, 32, 195, 209, 224
Collins, G. 64
Collins, J.K. 67
Connell, T.R. 152
Cook, T. 51
Crassweller, R. 283
Crassweller, R.M. 124
Crause, C. 280
Criswell, J. 130
Crocker, R.L. 167, 263
Croft, B.A. 66, 175, 191, 274
Cross, A.E. 80
Crump, D.H. 43
Cuperus, G. 130
Cuperus, G.W. 67
Cuperus, Gerrit W. 149
Currans, K.G. 66, 274
Curtis, C.E. 93
Curwen, D. 152
D'Ercole, N. 10
D'Erocole, N. 11
Daane, K.M. 125
Dabire, C. 269
Das, G.P. 97
Daus, A. 28, 209, 224
Delrio, G. 49
Denis-Arrue, R. 69
Dennill, G.B. 199
Denno, R.F. 281
Denton, G.R.W. 48
DiPaola, J.M. 52, 262
Dixon, P.L. 210
Dole, J.M. 61
Dominguez-Gil, O.E. 19
Donovan, W.P. 55, 135
Doolittle, R.E. 14
Drinkall, M.J. 144
Droby, S. 28, 32, 33, 35, 184, 195, 209, 224, 242, 268, 272
Drummond, F.A. 213
Dueben, B.D. 14
Duke, J.A. 188, 278
Dunn, R.A. 151
Eby, V. 283
Eckert, J.W. 240
Eddy, R. 103
Edirisinghe, J.P. 265
Edmondson, R.N. 64
Elfving, D.C. 166
Elmore, C.L. 221
Everest, J.W. 2, 6, 7, 121
Evert, D.R. 190
Ewart, H.W. 143
Farkas, P. 114
Farrar, R.R. Jr 111
Fatuesi, S. 17
Fell, R.D. 3
Ferguson, C.S. 22
Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge 12
Ferro, D.N. 148, 185, 220, 223, 236
Fimiani, P. 196
Flaherty, D.L. 16
Flynn, C.A. 43
Foley, D. 189
Forschler, B.T. 112
Frank, J.H. 129
Franke, K.J. 273
Fransen, J.J. 79
Fraser, R.S.S. 145
Freeman, T.E. 151
Fridlender, B. 209, 242
Fuchs, Y. 28
Gabel, B. 45, 114
Gadoury, D.M. 153
Garcia, J.A. 238
Gardner, W.A. 112
Gasaway, W.S. 1
Gasparich, G.E. 81
Gawron-Burke, M.C. 55
Gennari, S. 10, 11
Georgis, R. 30, 206
Gerdts, M. 93
Ghidiu, G.M. 271
Giblin-Davis, R.M. 217
Gill, R.F. 125
Gillespie, A.T. 90
Gilstrap, F.E. 42, 88
Gingrich, R.E. 38
Glenn, H. 39
Glimp, H.A. 264
Goldsby, L. 231
Gollands, B. 243
Gonzalez, D. 125
Goodall, P.B. 219
Gordh, G. 174
Grafius, E.J. 244
Grafton-Cardwell, E.E. 59
Grant, J. 162
Grant, J.A. 84
Green, T.A. 237
Greene, C. 147
Greene, Catherine 149
Greenspan, N.T. 232
Grewal, P.S. 64
Grieshop, J.I. 170
Griffiths, H.J. 59
Grossman, J. 50
Guerra-Sobrevilla, L. 204
Guerrero, L. 105
Gurr, G.M. 70
Haas, M. 178
Hackett, K.J. 81
Hagen, K.S. 125
Haley, S. 66
Handelsman, J. 255
Haney, P.B. 59
Hang, A.N. 177
Hanks, L.M. 281
Hanks, Lawrence Michael 108
Hanson, D.L. 261
Hanula, J.L. 30
Harrison, H.F. Jr 107
Harrison, R.E. 183
Hart, W.G. 42
Hatfield, P.G. 264
Havens, D. 5
Havey, M.J. 255
Haws, B.A. 138
Hazzard, R.V. 185
Heath, R.R. 14
Heimpel, G.E. 18, 257
Heinemann, P.H. 283
Hellman, J.L. 94
Hemenway, K.G. 264
Henegar, R.B. 81
Herr, J.C. 20, 254
Hersi, A.M. 263
Hesjedal, K. 142
Hickey, K.D. 283
Higgins, C.J. 277
Himelrick, D. 6
Hoffmeister, T. 203
Hofstein, R. 209, 242
Hofte, H. 194
Hogmire, H.W. Jr 3
Holder, W. 57
Hollingworth, R.M. 244
Horne, P.A. 241
Horsburgh, R.L. 3
Hough-Goldstein, J. 60, 230
Hough-Goldstein, J.A. 18, 257
Hoy, M.A. 207
Hoyt, S. 276
Hradsky, P. 114
Huang, Wen-Yuan 12
Huang, Y. 215
Huis, A. van 46
Hull, L.A. 283
Humber, R.A. 98
Hutton, P. 102
Iannotta, N. 140
Ingle, L.M. 3
International Potato Center 150
Jaffee, B.A. 249
Janisiewicz, W. 36
Janisiewicz, W.J. 72
Jansens, S. 194
Jarvis, W.R. 71
Jhala, R.C. 253
Johnson, H.G. 126
Johnson, M.W. 179, 226
Johnson, T.B. 55, 135
Jones, V.P. 226
Jordan, R.A. 95
Kapatos, E.T. 75
Kaya, H.K. 183, 227
Keil, C.B. 230
Kelling, K.A. 152
Kennedy, G. 111
Kennedy, G.G. 89
Khan, V.A. 268
Kilmer, Richard L. 85
Kirkland, R. 248
Klein, M.G. 206, 227
Kobiler, I. 128
Koenig, J.P. 152
Kolodny-Hirsch, D.M. 248
Konal, M. 81
Kopp, D.D. 169
Koslinska, M. 247
Kupferman, E.M. 104
Kupferman, G. 143
Kushad, M.M. 3
La Salle, J. 171
Lackey, B.A. 249
Lali, T.S. 48
Lambert, B. 194
Landis, D. 178, 216
Landolt, P.J. 14
Latin, R.X. 77
Laughland, D. 124
Legner, E.F. 174
Lenteren, J.C. van 25, 26
Leslie, A.R. 163
Lewis, W.M. 52, 262
Leyva, J.L. 88
Lin, H. 56
Liquido, N.J. 91
Loera, J. 225
Logan, P.A. 213
Los, Lorraine M. 123
Lu, J.Y. 268
Lucas, L.T. 52, 262
Luck, R.F. 59
Lynch, J.A. 179
Lynch, R.L. 139
Lynn, D.E. 81
MacConnell, C.B. 5
Macdonald, I.A.W. 76
Machoney, N. 36
Maciesiak, A. 247
MacLean, J.T. 158
Magalhaes, B.P. 98
Magallona, E.D. 97
Malais, M. 171
Malvar, T. 55
Mankau, R. 202
Manzali, D. 10, 11
Marchi, A. 72
Marini, R.P. 3
Marion-Poll, F. 114
Marschall, K.J. 17
Marutani, M. 48
Mason, C.E. 18
Matteoni, J.A. 172
McBride, D.K. 169
McCarty, L.B. 118, 151
McClure, J. 283
McConnell, J. 48
McElroy, F.D. 212
McInnis, D.O. 20, 254
McKinlay, R.G. 210
McLaughlin, R. 33, 184
McLaughlin, R.J. 35, 239
McMullin, E. 73
McMurtry, J.A. 126
McPheron, B.A. 19
McVay, J.R. 7
Mendelsohn, M. 102
Messing, R.H. 87, 191
Miller, D.L. 244
Miller, G.L. 134
Miller, J.R. 244
Minkenberg, Oscar P. J. M. 197
Minner, D. 252
Minton, N.A. 139
Mityakina, O.N. 101
Mochizuki, N. 20
Mojtahedi, H. 177
Moline, H.E. 23
Moore, D. 40, 80
Moorhouse, E.R. 90
Morris, S.C. 215
Morse, J.G. 59
Muldoon, A.E. 249
Mullinix, B.G. Jr 190
Mullins, J.W. 120
Mundo-Ocampo, M. 202
Muniappan, R. 48
Murphy, R.E. 14
Musser, W. 124
Nafus, D. 44
Nafus, D.M. 41
Neely, D. 164
Nelson, C.R. 138
Nelson, D.L. 138
Newberger, S.J. 126
Newman, J.P. 171
Nichols, A.J.F. 96
Nichols, R.L. 139
Nickle, W.R. 259
Niemczyk, E. 247
Nijs, L.J.M.F. den 155
Nipoti, P. 10
Nishimoto, J.I. 20
Nordlund, D.A. 223
Norton, B.E. 156
Nowakowski, Z. 247
Nubern, Chris 85
Nyrop, J.P. 22
O'Connell, N.V. 59
Oberhofer, H. 141
Oi, D.H. 157
Olszak, R. 247
Oosten, H.J. van 160
Owens, M.K. 156
Pair, S.D. 225
Parker, M.L. 8
Parkman, J.P. 129
Parrella, M.P. 171
Patel, R.L. 253
Patel, Z.P. 253
Patterson, M.G. 2, 6, 7, 121
Peacock, C. 52
Peacock, C.H. 262
Peferoen, M. 194
Pelletier, Y. 92
Pence, R.A. 170
Pendley, A.F. 234
Perez, R. 233
Peterson, J.K. 107
Petitt, F.L. 74
Pfeiffer, D.G. 3
Phelan, P.L. 56
Phillips, P.A. 58, 86
Pinkston, K. 130
Pinkston, K.N. 61
Plumbley, R.A. 128
Pohronezny, Kenneth Louis, 122
Potter, D.A. 137, 187
Powell, A. 2, 6
Powell, A.A. 7
Powell, M.A. 52
Priel, A. 21
Prokopy, R.J. 237
Prusky, D. 128
Purcell, M. 87, 198
Pusey, P.L. 15, 154
Quarles, W. 37
Racke, J. 165
Rajagopal, D. 82
Rajotte, E. 283
Rajotte, E.G. 124
Ramadan, M.M. 20, 254
Raman, K.V. 97
Rao, B. 246, 282
Raulston, J.R. 225
Redak, R.A. 100
Rhay, T. 279
Richardson, P.N. 64
Rispin, A. 102
Rivas, F. 10
Robacker, D.C. 238
Roberts, D.W. 98
Roberts, R. 143
Roberts, R.G. 54
Roberts, T.J. 59
Roche, J. 53
Rock, G.C. 8
Rodale Institute, Rooy Media (Firm) 110
Rodriguez del Bosque, L.A. 263
Roitman, J. 36
Rooy Media (Firm) 109
Rosellle, R.E. 62
Rupar, M.J. 55, 135
Sachs, C. 124
Sandanayake, W.R.M. 265
Sands, D.P.A. 229
Santo, G.S. 177
Sarig, P. 224
Scheer, W.P.A. 5
Schnelle, M.A. 61, 130
Schroder, R.F. 81
Schroeder, P.C. 22
Schuepp, H. 115
Schulze, T.L. 95
Segelken, R. 284
Shah, A.H. 253
Shearman, R.C. 62
Shelton, J.E. 8
Shields, E.J. 22, 98
Shisler, J.K. 95
Short, D.E. 151
Shulman, M. 235
Sibbett, G.S. 93
Sicheneder, K. 200, 267
Siegfried, W. 115
Sikora, E.J. 7
Sikora, R.A. 165
Simone, G. 151
Singh, G. 173
Sivinski, J. 14, 39
Skroch, W.A. 8
Slaney, A.C. 55, 135
Slocombe, A. 236
Smilanick, J.L. 69
Smilowitz, Z. 92
Smith, E.H. 119
Smith, G.R. 164
Smith, K.P. 255
Sneed, R.E. 262
Soetaert, P. 194
Sollino, G. 196
Speese, J. III 106, 271
Spicer, P.G. 137
Spotts, R. 143
Spotts, R.A. 65
Stark, J.D. 83, 87, 99, 198, 237, 258
Stary, P. 125
Steiner, M.Y. 172
Stevens, C. 268
Stevenson, W.R. 152, 159
Stoy, W.M. 169
Suchy, V. 114
Suett, D.L. 182
Sugar, D. 143
Sullivan, W.T. 8
Sutton, T.B. 8
Swezey, S.L. 211
Szufa, A. 247
Tabashnik, B.E. 226
Tauber, C.A. 243
Tauber, M.J. 243
Taylor, G.C. 95
Terry, L.A. 137
Thalman, R.K. 83, 258
Thiery, D. 45, 114
Thistlewood, H.M.A. 166
Thompson, A.R. 182
Thompson, W. 228
Thurston, G.S. 183
Timar, D. 209
Tisler, A.M. 60
Travis, J.W. 77, 124, 283
Trivedi, T.P. 82
Tumlinson, J.H. 14
Turner, T.R. 94
Tuttle, A.F. 185, 236
Uchida, G.K. 198
Uhler, B. 168
United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Commodity Economics Division
149 United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service,
Resources and Technology Division 12
United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and
Development Fund 31 University of Maryland at College Park, Dept.
of Entomology 108 Unrath, C.R. 8
Uyeda, K.A. 60
Vacek, D.C. 223
Van Den Berg, M.A. 13
Van Driesche, R.G. 185
VanderMark, S. 186
Varela, L. 211
Vargas, R.I. 83, 87, 99, 198, 237, 258
Vargo, A.M. 17, 133
Vaughn, J.L. 81
Veanman, A.F. 222
Vicente, N.E. 24
Villani, M.G. 22
Vogele, J.M. 40
Vossen, P. 211
Voulgaropoulos, A.L. 86
Waghray, R.N. 266
Walgenbach, J.F. 8, 89
Walker, G.P. 86
Walker, J.W. 264
Warkentin, D.L. 248
Watkins, J.E. 146
Webb, S.E. 78, 176
Weiss, B. 28, 32, 195, 209, 224
Wells, H.D. 139
Weseloh, R.M. 181
Whalon, M.E. 244
Wharton, R.A. 29
Whitcomb, R.F. 81
White, R. 52
Whitehead, A.G. 96
Wieder, S.C. 205
Wild, B.L. 215
Wilde, G.E. 68
Willett, M. 143
Williams, W.T. 233
Wilson, C. 32, 184, 195, 242
Wilson, C.L. 28, 33, 34, 35, 116, 208, 209, 268
Wilson, Charles L. 31
Wilson, J.H. 177
Wilson, L.T. 16
Wisniewski, M. 184, 195, 209, 272
Wisniewski, M.E. 33, 34, 116
Wissel, C. 76
Wong, T.T.Y. 20, 254, 258
Wong, T.Y. 99
Wright, R.J. 132
Wu, S.C. 136
Wu, S.X. 136
Wyman, J.A. 152
Yeh, T. 30
Yokota, G.Y. 125
Yuan, Q.C. 236
Zalom, F.G. 219
Zehnder, G.W. 60, 106, 271
Zeidman, M. 224
Zhao, J.Z. 136
Zhu, G.R. 136
Ziskind, L.A. 101
Zontek, S.J. 180, 214
Zutkhi, J. 224
Subject Index
Abscission 58
Acacia saligna 76
Acari 166
Acaricides 7, 95
Acarus 119
Aceria sheldoni 58, 86
Adaptation 81
Adverse effects 99
Advertising 251
Africa 50
Agaricus bisporus 64
Agricultural chemicals 8, 152
Agricultural pests 85, 149
Agrobacterium radiobacter 165
Agropyron desertorum 156
Air flow 180
Alabama 2, 6
Aldicarb 70
Aleiodes 44
Aleyrodidae 27
Allelochemicals 114
Allelopathy 107, 221
Alternaria 28
Amenity and recreation areas 144
American samoa 17, 133
Amino acid sequences 55, 194
Ammonium nitrate 152
Amyelois transitella 93, 174
Anabrus simplex 100
Anacardiaceae 13
Anagyrus 80
Anastrepha ludens 88, 238, 251
Anastrepha suspensa 39
Antagonism 165
Antagonists 33, 34, 116, 165, 215
Antibiotics 69
Antifeedants 92
Antifungal properties 69
Apanteles subandinus 241
Aphidoidea 210
Apple 123
Apples 33, 35, 66, 104, 141, 143, 184, 239, 272
Application date 8, 136
Application methods 3, 7, 8, 95, 160, 209
Application rates 7, 8, 64, 105, 118, 136, 178, 263
Appressoria 98
Arboricides 76, 164
Arboriculture 164
Archytas marmoratus 111
Artemisia 138
Artemisia tridentata 100, 156
Arthropod communities 234
Arthropod pests 19, 169, 175, 191
Arthropods 19
Ascomycetes 71
Asparagus 10, 11
Asparagus officinalis 125
Assessment 105
Atriplex canescens 138
Atriplex confertifolia 138
Avocados 128
Azadirachtin 258
Bacillus cereus 255
Bacillus penetrans 217
Bacillus popilliae 167, 183, 227
Bacillus pumilus 215
Bacillus sphaericus 165
Bacillus subtilis 15, 154
Bacillus thuringiensis 55, 60, 68, 89, 97, 105, 106, 135, 194, 220,
230, 236, 244, 271, 284
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki 248
Bacteria 202
Bacterial proteins 135
Bactericides 7
Bactrocera 258
Bactrocera cucurbitae 87, 91, 99, 245
Bactrocera dorsalis 83, 87, 91, 99, 198, 237, 245, 251
Bactrocera oleae 75, 140, 196, 245
Bananas 56
Beneficial arthropods 234
Beneficial insects 187
Beneficial organisms 37
Benomyl 215
Beta vulgaris 249
Beta-glucanase 184
Bibliographies 158
Binding 184
Bioassays 14, 45, 56
Biological control 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,
28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46,
47, 48, 51, 54, 55, 56, 58, 64, 65, 68, 69, 71, 73, 80, 82, 83, 89,
90, 92, 94, 100, 101, 106, 107, 112, 113, 116, 119, 125, 126, 129,
130, 132, 133, 135, 137, 141, 154, 156, 157, 158, 165, 166, 167,
172, 177, 179, 183, 184, 186, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 201, 203,
206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 215, 216, 217, 218, 221, 222, 224, 225,
227, 228, 229, 236, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 246, 248, 250,
251, 254, 255, 256, 258, 263, 264, 265, 269, 271, 272, 276, 280,
282, 284, 285
Biological control agents 18, 20, 22, 26, 33, 34, 42, 44, 60, 72,
81, 84, 88, 91, 98, 113, 117, 134, 139, 171, 181, 184, 185, 193,
199, 202, 204, 205, 208, 213, 215, 220, 222, 223, 230, 237, 243,
249, 252, 255, 257, 259, 285 Biological development 74, 265
Biology 82, 169
Biomass 100
Biosteres 83, 237
Biosteres arisanus 83, 237
Biosteres longicaudatus 83, 237
Biosynthesis 69
Biotechnology 49
Blepharella lateralis 44
Blitopertha orientalis 30
Book reviews 192
Botanical insecticides 50
Botrytis 28
Botrytis cinerea 72, 184, 224, 272
Braconidae 20, 87, 88, 198, 254, 258
British Columbia 277
Brontispa longissima 17
Bruchidae 46
Brush control 100, 156
Buds 58
Burkina faso 269
Calcium 239
Calcium chloride 35
California 16, 27, 58, 59, 73, 86, 93, 117, 119, 125, 126, 170,
171, 174, 192, 193, 202, 207, 211, 219, 227, 228, 249, 250, 251
Callosobruchus maculatus 269
Canada 189
Candida guilliermondii 35, 239
Canopy 170
Capsicum annuum 24, 277
Carbaryl 137
Carbofuran 24
Carbon dioxide 128
Carica papaya 91
Carpophilus hemipterus 56
Carya illinoensis 1
Casing 64
Cattle 156
Cell walls 184
Ceratitis capitata 14, 20, 87, 99, 196, 245, 251, 254, 258
Chalcididae 204
Chemical composition 14, 56
Chemical control 24, 51, 82, 118, 141, 214, 216, 236, 260, 283
Chemical vs. cultural weed control 76
Cherries 143
China 136
Chrysomelidae 81
Chrysoperla rufilabris 223
Citral 50
Citrullus lanatus 105
Citrus 27, 59, 88
Citrus fruits 32, 33, 59, 117, 192, 209, 270
Citrus limon 58, 86, 215
Citrus oblonga 73
Citrus sinensis 215
Clones 70
Closed systems 160
Cocos nucifera 17
Cold injury 73
Coleomegilla maculata 185
Coleoptera 55, 84
Colocasia esculenta 133
Colonizing ability 156
Color 88, 237
Colorado 100
Combination 238
Commercial farming 124
Comparisons 184
Competitive ability 107
Computer analysis 152
Computer simulation 273
Computer software 77, 152, 274
Computer techniques 283
Conidia 98
Connecticut 30, 181
Consumer attitudes 67
Consumer education 251
Consumer preferences 21
Control programs 67, 153, 159
Controlled atmosphere storage 104
Copidosoma koehleri 241
Coppice 76
Coppicing 76
Coryneum 233
Cost benefit analysis 58, 73, 192, 211
Cost effectiveness analysis 40
Costa Rica 42
Costs 232
Cover crops 73
Cowpeas 269
Crambus 169
Crop damage 58, 82, 89, 105, 125, 157, 173, 233
Crop losses 173, 179
Crop management 124, 152, 233
Crop production 21, 104, 141, 148, 153, 159, 172, 182, 219, 283
Crop quality 58, 64, 86, 118, 140, 157
Crop weed competition 107
Crop yield 21, 24, 58, 64, 68, 83, 86, 93, 96, 107, 152, 174, 192,
233 Crops 25
Cross resistance 244
Crosses 119
Cruciferae 136
Cryolite 106, 230
Cryptococcus (deuteromycotina) 54
Cryptococcus albidus 54
Cryptococcus laurentii 54
Crystals 194
Cucumbers 71
Cucumis sativus 255, 277
Cultivars 21, 70, 72, 94, 96, 97, 118, 119, 144, 152, 262
Cultural control 46, 103, 132, 275, 282
Cultural methods 169
Cultural weed control 118, 260, 261
Culture media 81, 98
Cutting 76
Cutting height 118
Cyclocephala 183, 227, 263
Cydia pomonella 211
Cyfluthrin 137
Cynodon dactylon 118, 139, 217, 263
Cyperus esculentus 107
Cyromazine 87
Dacus 173
Damage 169, 178
Databases 188
Debaryomyces hansenii 184
Decay fungi 28, 208, 224
Decision making 77, 124, 266, 283
Deep tillage 96
Defoliation 170
Delaware 60, 230, 257
Deltamethrin 97
Demeton-s-methyl 210
Demography 75
Detection 178
Diabrotica 135
Diapause 243
Diazinon 64, 87
Dicamba 189
Diclofop 118
Diets 264
Diffusion of information 283
Diflubenzuron 64
Digitaria 214
Diglyphus begini 171
Diglyphus intermedius 171
Dipping 165
Disease control 1, 4, 35, 79, 94, 121, 160, 200, 240, 270, 282
Disease models 77
Disease resistance 144
Diseases 200, 267
Dispersal 22
Disruption 211
Diversity 83
Domestic gardens 132, 285
Dry beans 216
Dusts 113
Ecology 75, 82
Economic thresholds 86
Ecosystems 19, 100
Edovum puttleri 101
Efficacy 177, 209
Eleusine indica 118, 214
Emergence 152
Empoasca 98
Empoasca fabae 178
Encarsia 27
Encarsia formosa 179
Endosulfan 89, 230
Endotoxins 220, 244
Energy cost of production 192
England 43, 70
Entomopathogenic bacteria 55
Entomophaga 181
Entomophilic nematodes 22, 112, 206, 259
Environmental factors 152
Environmental impact 50, 152, 273
Environmental policy 160
Environmental protection 53
Enzyme activity 184
Epitrix 139
Eremochloa ophiuroides 234
Erosion control 73
Erwinia 23
Erynia radicans 98
Erysiphe cichoracearum 139
Erythroneura elegantula 16
Estivation 243
Ethoprophos 177
Eucelatoria 111
Eudocima fullonia 48, 229
Eugenol 50
Eulophidae 204
Eupelmidae 204
Euphorbia esula 264
Euplectrus 44
Europe 26, 104
Euxoa auxiliaris 68
Evaluation 133, 229
Expert systems 66, 77, 124, 191, 283
Exposure 258
Extracts 15, 45, 114
Farm produce 149
Farmers 123
Fecundity 87, 101, 281
Federal government 211
Feeding behavior 60, 244
Feeding preferences 264
Females 269
Fermentation 238
Fertility 87, 269
Fertilizers 51, 52, 94, 234, 262, 267, 282
Festuca arundinacea 262
Festuca ovina 30
Field experimentation 236
Field tests 58, 60
Fire 76
Florida 39, 78, 118, 129, 176, 187, 217, 231
Flowers 114
Foliar application 120
Food consumption 21
Food processing 65
Fragaria 90
France 21, 119
Frankliniella occidentalis 277
Frost injury 233
Fruit 23, 31, 34, 37, 88, 116, 127, 141, 208, 238, 268
Fruit crops 42, 48, 67, 80, 153, 229
Fruit growing 142
Fruit rots 72, 255
Fruit trees 108, 190, 274, 281
Fruits 33, 105, 255
Fumigation 190
Fungal antagonists 72
Fungal diseases 115
Fungal morphology 64
Fungal spores 17
Fungi 56
Fungicidal properties 37
Fungicides 4, 5, 6, 7, 50, 115, 116, 121, 240, 252
Fungus control 40, 72, 116, 184, 209
Garden pests 63
Gelechiidae 139
Gene expression 220
Genes 55
Genetic control 46
Genetic improvement 207
Geographical distribution 42, 81
Georgia 112, 139, 190, 234
Germination 98
Globodera pallida 43, 70, 155, 165
Globodera rostochiensis 43, 96, 155
Glomerella cingulata 128
Glucosinolates 177
Glyphosate 76
Golf courses 118, 151, 180, 231, 232, 267, 273
Goniozus 174
Government 251
Grants 228
Granules 95
Granulosis viruses 97, 113
Grapefruits 195
Grapes 33, 35, 170, 224
Grass clippings 94
Grasses 52, 62
Grasslands 129
Grazing 109, 110
Grazing behavior 264
Grazing effects 156
Green manures 177
Greenhouse crops 26, 160, 172, 222, 277
Greenhouse culture 25, 26, 61, 79, 103, 284
Greenhouses 130, 162
Ground cover plants 100
Growers 124
Growing media 90
Growth 165, 190, 249
Growth rate 107
Growth regulators 3, 9, 130
Guam 41, 44, 48
Guatemala 233
Guazatine 215
Gypsophila paniculata 171
Gyranusoidea tebygi 40
Harrisina brillians 204
Harvesting date 3, 140
Hatch 271
Hawaii 20, 42, 83, 87, 91, 99, 157, 179, 198, 226, 237, 254 Health
hazards 3
Heat sums 74
Hedeoma pulegioides 188
Helicoverpa zea 89, 111, 225
Heliothis virescens 89
Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis 126, 199
Hemiptera 125
Herbicide mixtures 118
Herbicides 4, 6, 7, 9, 50, 121, 189, 252, 262, 275
Heterodera schachtii 249
Heterorhabditis 259
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora 22, 30, 206
Heterorhabditis heliothidis 112
Hexaflumuron 105
Highlands 233
Hirsutella 249
History 42
Horticultural crops 145, 158
Host parasite relationships 70, 111, 184, 227, 243, 245
Hosts of plant pests 196
Hybrids 118
Hymenoptera 39, 196
Hyperparasitism 208
Hyphae 184
Ichneumonidae 265
Idaho 264
Identification 178
Idioscopus clypealis 253
Imazalil 215
Immunodiagnosis 245
In vitro 209, 215
Incidence 72, 83, 95, 174, 198
India 82, 173
Indiana 103, 187
Induced resistance 127, 128, 268
Infection 115
Infectivity 181
Infestation 97, 105
Information processing 283
Information retrieval 124
Inhibition 45, 107, 209
Injuries 72, 173
Innovation adoption 283
Inoculum density 72, 215
Insect attractants 237
Insect control 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, 14, 20, 45, 56, 59, 62, 68, 92, 99,
105, 106, 113, 114, 121, 129, 132, 134, 136, 141, 152, 167, 173,
178, 182, 183, 199, 200, 211, 236, 238, 248, 254, 256, 259, 269
Insect growth regulators 276
Insect pests 13, 18, 20, 59, 61, 79, 94, 97, 105, 117, 125, 131,
133, 134, 138, 140, 151, 173, 176, 186, 216, 218, 222, 247, 280
Insect traps 14, 56, 95
Insect-plant relationships 108
Insectaries 157, 179
Insecticidal action 89, 135, 230, 258
Insecticide resistance 136, 207, 211, 220, 244, 276
Insecticides 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 103, 121, 130, 132, 136, 169, 173, 178,
182, 192, 216, 236, 241, 252
Insects 4, 5, 61, 131, 137, 169, 267
Integrated control 76, 79, 93, 96, 97, 115, 118, 141, 144, 145,
152, 182, 230, 233, 260, 261
Integrated pest management 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 25, 26, 37, 46, 49, 50,
52, 53, 57, 59, 61, 62, 70, 75, 77, 78, 86, 97, 103, 104, 105, 117,
124, 126, 131, 132, 136, 138, 140, 141, 143, 145, 146, 147, 148,
151, 152, 153, 155, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 170,
173, 174, 176, 180, 189, 191, 192, 200, 207, 211, 212, 214, 219,
222, 226, 231, 232, 235, 253, 262, 266, 267, 273, 274, 275, 279,
283
Integrated systems 142, 152
Interactions 22, 234
Intercropping 50, 133
International organizations 50
International trade 21
Interspecific competition 165
Introduced species 40, 42, 48, 101, 174
Ipomoea batatas 107
Irrigation 21, 52, 94, 152, 262, 267
Irrigation scheduling 152
Irrigation systems 73
Isazofos 137
Israel 21
Italy 196, 208
Ixodes dammini 95
Juglans regia 207
Kansas 68
Kentucky 137, 187
Labor costs 76
Laboratory tests 60
Lambs 264
Lantana camara 97
Larvae 30, 84, 95, 183, 194, 206, 223, 236, 256, 265, 269
Lawns and turf 9, 30, 47, 51, 52, 53, 62, 84, 94, 112, 118, 129,
144, 146, 151, 161, 163, 167, 168, 169, 180, 183, 187, 202, 206,
214, 221, 227, 231, 232, 235, 252, 261, 262, 266, 267, 273, 282
Leafhoppers 216
Leaves 177
Legislation 53, 160
Legumes 46
Lemons 69, 215
Lepidoptera 13
Leptinotarsa 81
Leptinotarsa decemlineata 18, 60, 81, 92, 101, 106, 135, 139, 185,
194, 213, 220, 223, 230, 236, 243, 244, 256, 257, 259, 271
Lesions 72
Leucinodes orbonalis 265
Life cycle 13, 169, 178, 179, 243
Life history 281
Life tables 75
Lifespan 269
Lines 111
Liriomyza 197
Liriomyza huidobrensis 171
Liriomyza sativae 74
Literature reviews 18, 26, 29, 46, 49, 77, 79, 82, 144, 160, 222
Live mulches 190
Lobesia botrana 45, 114
Longevity 258
Lycopersicon esculentum 89, 111, 179, 226
Lycoriella auripila 64
Lymantria dispar 181
Lyme disease 95
Macadamia 157, 218
Macrosiphum euphorbiae 210
Maintenance 246
Malus 283
Malus pumila 8, 115, 121, 124, 166, 211, 247
Manduca 89
Mangifera indica 41, 44, 88, 173
Manual weed control 76
Marketing techniques 21
Maryland 94, 232, 281
Massachusetts 148, 185, 236
Mating 211
Mcpa 189
Measurement 180
Medicinal plants 278
Mediterranean climate 113
Meloidogyne 190
Meloidogyne chitwoodi 177
Meloidogyne incognita 24
Metarhizium anisopliae 17, 90
Methomyl 89
Methylcellulose 165
Metribuzin 118
Mexico 204, 213, 225
Mice 95
Michigan 244
Microbial pesticides 102
Microcomputers 283
Mite control 58, 166, 228
Mode of action 184
Models 74
Monilia 233
Monitoring 152, 234, 237, 241, 267, 277
Morphology 202
Mortality 68, 183, 230, 236, 256
Mowing 52, 94, 262, 267
Msma 118
Mulching 132
Myiopharus 243
Myiopharus doryphorae 243
Natural enemies 18, 19, 26, 38, 79, 139, 158, 169, 186, 204, 247
Neem seed cake 269
Neem seed extract 99, 230
Nematicides 4, 9, 190
Nematoda 4, 190, 285
Nematode control 4, 7, 24, 43, 70, 165, 212, 217, 249
Nematophagous fungi 43, 249
Neoaplectana 225
Neoaplectana carpocapsae 30, 206, 263
Neoaplectana feltiae 30, 64, 259, 263
Neoaplectana glaseri 30, 263
Neoseiulus cucumeris 277
Neoseiulus fallacis 166
Netherlands 25, 79, 160, 222
New Jersey 95, 187
New York 57, 84, 243
Nezara viridula 157, 218
Nitrate 152
Nitrogen 73, 275
Nitroimidazoles 120
Non-crop weed control 76
Nonionic surfactants 118
Nontarget effects 99, 234
North America 66
North Carolina 8, 9, 52, 89
North Dakota 169
Northern ireland 43
Norway 142
Nozzles 106
Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses 248
Nucleotide sequences 55, 194
Nutrient requirements 3
Nymphs 95
Odors 238
Ohio 187, 206
Old age 190
Olea europaea 140
Oligonychus peruvianus 193
Ontario 166
Ooencyrtus 229
Operating costs 76
Opius 83, 237
Opius concolor 196, 245
Oranges 215
Orchards 8, 124, 166, 190, 233, 283
Oregon 279
Organic farming 276, 284
Organophosphate insecticides 276
Orgilus lepidus 241
Orius 199
Orius tristicolor 277
Ornamental plants 79, 134, 200
Ornamental trees 108
Ornamental woody plants 80, 281
Ostrinia nubilalis 57
Otiorhynchus sulcatus 90
Ova 45, 137, 185, 223, 271
Overwintering 243
Oviposition 45, 244, 265
Oviposition deterring pheromones 45
Oxamyl 96, 230
Pacific states of U.S.A. 212
Packing 104
Paecilomyces lilacinus 24
Panonychus ulmi 166
Papua new guinea 229
Parasites 213
Parasites of insect pests 16, 18, 20, 29, 39, 40, 41, 42, 48, 64,
80, 82, 83, 87, 88, 89, 99, 101, 111, 119, 125, 133, 157, 171, 174,
179, 196, 198, 204, 225, 229, 234, 237, 241, 243, 245, 258
Parasitism 202, 265
Parasitoid augmentation 20
Parasitoids 44, 88, 91, 203, 204, 281
Parks 189
Paspalum notatum 190
Passiflora caerulea 280
Passiflora edulis 19, 280
Pastures 112, 139, 156
Patents 208
Patients 205
Peaches 20, 33, 35, 154
Pears 72, 143
Penetration 165
Penicillaria 41, 44
Penicillium digitatum 69, 195, 209, 215
Penicillium expansum 72, 272
Pennsylvania 124, 283
Perennial weeds 139
Periderm 107
Perillus bioculatus 230, 256
Permethrin 106
Persea Americana 21, 126, 193, 199, 228, 251
Persistence 112, 206
Pest control 1, 2, 13, 57, 67, 84, 162, 169, 172, 187, 192, 193,
218, 232, 251, 262, 263, 280, 282
Pest management 5, 66, 175, 177, 200, 246, 267, 276
Pest resistance 79, 92, 111, 119, 144, 155, 160, 220
Pesticidal action 234
Pesticidal plants 188
Pesticide residues 104
Pesticide resistance 175
Pesticides 2, 3, 5, 8, 50, 58, 59, 63, 79, 84, 121, 122, 131, 144,
147, 152, 160, 164, 171, 187, 191, 200, 226, 231, 235, 252, 267,
273
Pests 12, 41, 61, 63, 109, 110, 123, 149
Petioles 152
Ph 98
Phagostimulants 60
Phaseolus lunatus 74
Phenology 74, 243
Pheromone traps 241
Pheromones 211, 276
Phthorimaea operculella 82, 97, 113, 241
Phyllophaga 169
Phyllophaga crinita 167, 263
Physical control 46
Phytotoxicity 64, 118, 130
Pichia 28, 184, 195, 208, 209, 224, 272
Pieris rapae 136
Piperonyl butoxide 230
Pitfall traps 210
Plant analysis 152
Plant composition 92, 114
Plant disease control 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 47, 152, 208, 283
Plant diseases 4, 5, 145
Plant extracts 107, 116
Plant growth regulators 247
Plant nutrition 190
Plant oils 269
Plant parasites 122
Plant parasitic nematodes 43, 139, 165, 177, 190, 202, 217, 249
Plant pathogenic bacteria 23
Plant pathogenic fungi 69
Plant pathogens 139
Plant pathology 77
Plant pests 29, 39, 49, 145, 158, 243
Plant products 278
Plant protection 77, 79, 131, 269
Planting 52, 246, 262
Ploidy 138
Plutella xylostella 136
Poa pratensis 137, 169, 262
Podisus maculiventris 256
Poisoning 200
Poland 247
Policy 25
Pollinators 19
Poly(vinyl alcohol) 165
Pome fruits 36
Popillia japonica 22, 30, 137, 206
Population change 190
Population density 72, 76, 95, 105, 165, 174, 181, 202, 256
Population dynamics 24, 83, 198, 213, 237, 253, 269, 277
Postharvest decay 15, 23, 28, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 54, 65, 69,
71, 116, 127, 128, 143, 154, 184, 195, 201, 209, 215, 224, 239,
240, 242, 255, 268, 270, 272 Postharvest losses 34
Postharvest treatment 33
Potatoes 97, 113, 150
Pratylenchus 139
Pratylenchus penetrans 212
Predators 213, 281
Predators of insect pests 134, 137, 166, 185, 187, 210, 222, 223,
234, 256, 257, 277
Predatory arthropods 18
Preharvest sprays 113
Prevention 104
Probabilistic models 76
Problem analysis 75
Production costs 152
Productivity 152
Progeny 87
Projects 42
Propargite 193
Protected cultivation 145, 160
Proteins 55, 194
Pruning 233
Prunus dulcis 93, 174
Prunus persica 7, 20, 88, 190, 233
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona 280, 281
Pseudomonas cepacia 69
Pseudomonas fluorescens 23
Pseudomonas putida 23
Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans 72
Psidium cattleyanum 198
Psidium guajava 83, 198, 237
Pterostichus madidus 210
Pterostichus melanarius 210
Public gardens 279
Puerto Rico 24
Pupae 137
Pycnanthemum 188
Pyrethrins 50
Pyrethroid insecticides 68
Pyrethroids 276
Pythium aphanidermatum 255
Quality 104
Rain 181
Rangelands 100
Rape 177
Rastrococcus invadens 40, 80
Rearing techniques 157, 179, 258
Regulation 211
Regulations 102, 235
Reproduction 101, 258
Research 25, 26, 79
Research projects 201
Research support 228
Residual effects 236
Resistance 130
Returns 152
Rhagoletis 203
Rhagoletis cerasi 75, 196
Rhagoletis pomonella 75
Rhizoctonia solani 139
Rhizopus 28
Rhizopus stolonifer 224
Rhizosphere 165
Rickettsiaceae 227
Roots 107, 165, 177
Rootstocks 119
Roses 71, 279
Rotations 132, 136
Rotenone 230
Rotylenchulus reniformis 24
Row spacing 275
Rsfsr 101
Rubus 212
Safety 5, 192, 200, 267
Safety at work 3
Saline water 21
Sampling 58, 169, 226, 241
Sandy loam soils 96
Saprophytes 72
Scald 104
Scale insects 108
Scapteriscus 129
Scarabaeidae 30, 112
Scotland 43
Scrub control 76
Searching behavior 56
Seasonal abundance 139, 234
Seasonal variation 243
Seasonality 281
Secondary metabolites 33
Seed dressings 120
Seed germination 10, 11
Seed treatment 165
Seedlings 156
Selection 246
Selenothrips rubrocinctus 199
Semiochemicals 45
Sex attractants 238
Sex pheromones 14, 238, 241
Sex ratio 83, 277, 281
Sheep 156
Shrubs 246
Site factors 156, 241
Site preparation 52, 94
Site selection 94
Size 88
Small fruits 2, 5, 6
Smell 114
Social participation 189
Socioeconomic status 40
Soil 190
Soil bacteria 165
Soil compaction 96
Soil fungi 249
Soil ph 267
Soil temperature 285
Soil texture 73, 267
Soil treatment 11, 120
Soil water content 285
Solanaceae 256
Solanum 213
Solanum berthaultii 92
Solanum carolinense 139
Solanum melongena 265
Solanum tuberosum 43, 60, 70, 82, 96, 101, 106, 113, 152, 155, 159,
165, 177, 210, 220, 230, 236, 241, 244, 256, 257, 271
Solenopsis invicta 169
Sound traps 129
South Africa 13, 76, 199, 280
South Carolina 107
Spain 21
Spatial distribution 277
Species diversity 81
Sphaerotheca fuliginea 71
Sphaerotheca pannosa 71
Spiroplasma 81
Spodoptera exigua 105, 248
Spodoptera frugiperda 137, 225
Spore germination 209
Sports grounds 118, 189, 262
Sporulation 249
Spraying 165, 271
Spraying equipment 5
Spraying precautions 130
Spread 193
Sri lanka 265
Stand density 76
Steinernema 112, 129, 225, 259
Stems 177
Sterile insect release 250, 254
Sticky traps 103
Storage 104
Storage decay 72, 208
Storage dips 72
Stored products 46
Stored products pests 97
Strains 55, 90, 165
Strawberries 284
Sucrose 165
Sulfur 193
Suppression 255
Surface layers 105
Surveys 139, 204, 257
Survival 75, 76, 87, 101, 156, 165, 190, 258
Susceptibility 111
Sustainability 50, 160
Sustainable agriculture 109, 110
Sweet potatoes 85
Synthesis 14
Tachinidae 204
Tanacetum vulgare 114
Techniques 200
Teflubenzuron 105
Telenomus 229
Temperate tree fruits 3
Temperature 72, 74, 98, 270
Temporal variation 72
Tephritidae 29, 38, 42, 49, 245
Terpenoids 114
Tetranychus urticae 166
Texas 167, 225, 263
Thatch 94
Thiabendazole 209
Tillage 262
Timing 271
Tomatoes 28, 33
Toxicity 55, 120, 194, 230, 247
Training of animals 264
Transgenics 220, 244
Transpiration 73
Tree fruits 27, 54, 131, 276
Tree shakers 93
Trees 246
Trialeurodes vaporariorum 179, 226
Trichlorfon 105
Trichoderma harzianum 10, 11
Trichogramma 89
Trichogramma ostriniae 57
Trichomes 92
Trichoplusia ni 89
Triclopyr 76
Trioxys pallidus 207
Trissolcus basalis 157
Triticum 68
Tropics 46
Tubers 82, 96, 107
Tunisia 113
Typhlodromus 193
U.S.A. 29, 67, 101, 119, 147, 208, 235
U.S.S.R.in europe 101
Uk 96, 144
Ultrastructure 202
Ultraviolet radiation 268
Undergrowth 100
Usage 147, 160
Usda 208
Utah 138, 156
Varietal reactions 72
Varietal resistance 46, 70, 97
Varietal susceptibility 70, 118
Varieties 104
Vegetables 4, 12, 23, 33, 34, 42, 67, 127, 147, 148, 149, 160, 172,
186, 219, 260, 268
Venezuela 19
Vespidae 126
Victoria 241
Vineyards 78
Viral insecticides 113, 248
Virginia 53, 60, 106, 271
Virulence 72
Vitacea polistiformis 78
Viteus vitifoliae 119
Vitis 16, 78, 119, 176
Vitis vinifera 114, 204
Volatile compounds 56
Volume 106
Warehouses 104
Washington 5, 131, 256, 276
Water allocation 251
Water management 251
Water requirements 73
Weed control 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 51, 73, 94, 107, 118, 121, 152, 168,
200, 214, 221, 262, 264, 275
Weeds 4, 9, 267
West Africa 40, 80
West Virginia 188
Western samoa 17, 229
Wildlife management 3
Wind tunnels 56
Wisconsin 152, 159
Xenorhabdus 259, 285
Xiphinema 212
Xiphinema Americanum 212
Yeasts 35, 224
Yellow sticky traps 277
Yield losses 64
Zea mays 57, 275
Zetzellia mali 166