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Warning:
This site is being maintained for historical purposes, but has had no new entries since October 1998. To find more recent articles, please visit the following:
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Vaccine Management: Recommendations for Handling and Storage of Selected Biologicals
Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Prevention Services Division of Immunization, Atlanta, GA
Publication date: 03/01/1991
Table of Contents
Vaccine managemant
DPT
HBCV
HB Vaccine
HBIG
OPV
IPV
Influenza Vaccine
Measles Virus Vaccine, Mumps Virus Vaccine
Td Adult: Tetanus-Diphtheria Toxoids, Dt Pediatric: Diphtheria-Tetan Toxoids
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
POINT OF CONTACT FOR THIS DOCUMENT:
Vaccine managemant
Recommendations for Handling and Storage of Selected Biologicals (These recommendations are not a substitute for the package insert included with each different biologic) March, 1991.DPT
Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Pertussis VaccineShipping Requirements
Should be shipped in insulated container. Maintain temperature at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze or store vaccine in direct contact with refrigerant.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Up to 18 months. Check date on vial or container.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Until outdated, if not contaminated.Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated material is used first.
HBCV
Haemophilus Conjugate VaccineShipping Requirements
Should be shipped in insulated container to help prevent freezing.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze--this reduces potency.
Shelf Life
Up to 2 years. Check date on container or vial.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Reconstitute before use. If the product requires reconstitution, record date of reconstitution on vial. Use only diluent supplied.
Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Multidose vials--Stable for 30 days after reconstitution if stored at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F) when not in use.
Single dose vials -- Discard unused reconstituted vials after 8 hours.
Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated vaccine is used first.
HB Vaccine
Hepatitis BShipping Requirements
Use insulated container. Must be shipped with refrigerant.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not be frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Up to 3 years. Check date on package or vial.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Until outdated, if not contaminated.Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated vaccine is used first.
HBIG
Hepatitis B Immune GlobulinShipping Requirements
Should be shipped in insulated container.Condition on Arrival
*Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Up to 1 year. Check date on package or vial.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Until outdated, if not contaminated.Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated material is used first.
OPV
Poliovirus Vaccine -- Live Oral TrivalentShipping Requirements
Pack with dry ice. Should be delivered within 3 days.Condition on Arrival
*Should be frozen. If thawed but still cold--below 8 C (46 F)--refreeze immediately. Place in freezer on arrival. If thawed and warm--above 8 C (46 F)--or vaccine is cloudy, see footnote (*) below.
Storage Requirements
Maintain continuously in the frozen state--14 C (7 F) or lower. The vaccine may be refrozen. A maximum of 10 freeze-thaw cycles are permissible provided the total cumulative duration of thaw does not exceed 24 hours, and provided the temperature does not exceed 8 C (46 F) during the period of thaw.
Shelf Life
Up to 1 year. Check date on package or dispette.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Thaw before using--may be rubbed between hands for rapid thawing.
Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Vaccine in liquid state in unopened dispettes may be used for up to 30 days provided it has been stored at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). A maximum of 10 freeze- thaw cycles are permissible provided the total cumulative duration of thaw does not exceed 24 hours and provided the temperature does not exceed 8 C (46 F) during the period of thaw.
Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated vaccine is used first.
Color Change
This vaccine contains phenol red as a pH indicator. The usual color of the vaccine is pink, although some containers of vaccine shipped or stored in dry ice may exhibit a yellow coloration due to the very low temperature or possible absorption of carbon dioxide. The color of the vaccine prior to use (red-pink-yellow) has no effect on the virus or efficacy of the vaccine.
NOTE
All materials used for administering live virus vaccines should be burned, boiled, or autoclaved prior to disposal.
IPV
Poliovirus Vaccine -- InactivatedShipping Requirements
Should be shipped in insulated container with refrigerant.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not be frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Up to 18 months. Check date on package.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Ampoule -- 1 dose: Tap the ampoule to ensure that the solution is in the lower portion rather than in the neck of the ampoule. With sterile needle and syringe, withdraw the contents of the ampoule into syringe, holding the ampoule in such a way that the point of the needle is kept immersed throughout the withdrawal.
Vial -- 10 dose: Withdraw 1.0 cc of vaccine into separate sterile needle and syringe for each immunization.
Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Ampoule: Discard if not used immediately.Vial: Until outdated, if not contaminated.
Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated vaccine is used first. The vaccine should be perfectly clear and pink or red in color. Any vaccine showing particulate matter, turbidity, or change of color should be discarded.
Influenza Vaccine
Shipping RequirementsShould be delivered in the shortest possible time. Should not be exposed to excessive temperatures.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Formulated for use within current influenza season.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Until outdated, if not contaminated.Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated vaccine is used first.
Measles Virus Vaccine, Mumps Virus Vaccine
Rubella Virus Vaccine, Measles/Mumps/Rubella-MMR Vaccine, Measles/Rubella-MR VaccineShipping Requirements
Vaccine -- Use insulated container. Must be shipped with refrigerant. Maintain at 10 C (50 F) or less. If shipped with dry ice, diluent must be shipped separately.
Diluent -- May be shipped with vaccine but do not freeze.
Condition on Arrival
*Should be below 10 C (50 F). If above this temperature, see instructions (*) below. Do not use warm vaccine. Refrigerate on arrival.
Storage Requirements
Vaccine may be stored separately from diluent. Store as follows: Vaccine -- Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (36 -46 F). Protect from light at all times, since such exposure may inactivate the virus.
Diluent -- May be stored at 15 -30 C (59 -86 F) room temperature. Do not freeze.
Special Note: Freeze dried (lyophilized) vaccines may be maintained at freezer temperatures.
Shelf Life
Vaccine -- Up to 2 years. Check date on container or vial.
Diluent -- Check date on container or vial.
Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Reconstitute just before using. Use only the diluent supplied to reconstitute the vaccine.
Single Dose Vials -- Inject diluent into the vial of lyophilized vaccine and agitate to ensure thorough mixing. Withdraw entire contents into syringe and inject total volume of vaccine subcutaneously.
Multidose Vials -- Withdraw all diluent from vial into syringe. Inject into vial of lyophilized vaccine and agitate to ensure thorough mixing.
10-Dose Vials -- Withdraw 0.5cc of reconstituted vaccine into separate sterile needle and syringe for each immunization. Licensed for jet injector use.
50-Dose Vials -- Use on jet injector only, with dosage set at 0.l5cc.
Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
After reconstitution, use immediately or store in a dark place at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Discard if not used within 8 hours.
Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated vaccine is used first.
10-Dose Vials -- May be used for both jet injector and needle and syringe methods of immunization.
50-Dose Vials -- For jet injector use. Should not be utilized via needle and syringe method of immunization.
NOTE
All materials used for administering live virus vaccines should be burned, boiled, or autoclaved prior to disposal.
Td Adult: Tetanus-Diphtheria Toxoids, Dt Pediatric: Diphtheria-Tetan Toxoids
Shipping RequirementsShould be shipped in insulated container. Maintain temperature at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze or store vaccine in direct contact with refrigerant.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Up to 2 years. Check date on container or vial.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Until outdated, if not contaminated.Special Instructions
Rotate Stock so that the shortest dated material is used first.
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
PolyvalentShipping Requirements
Should be shipped in insulated container with refrigerant. Do not freeze.
Condition on Arrival
*Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.Storage Requirements
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2 -8 C (35 -46 F). Do not freeze.
Shelf Life
Up to 2 years. Check date on container or vial.Instructions for Reconstitution or Use
Vials -- Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.
Prefilled Syringes -- Follow manufacturer's directions.
Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening
Until outdated, if not contaminated.Special Instructions
Rotate stock so that shortest dated vaccine is used first. Do not inject intravenously. Intradermal administration may cause severe reactions and should be avoided.
*If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should:
- Immediately place the material in recommended storage; and
- Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or
- Notify the Division of Immunization, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia
POINT OF CONTACT FOR THIS DOCUMENT:
To request a copy of this document or for questions concerning this document, please contact the person or office listed below. If requesting a document, please specify the complete name of the document as well as the address to which you would like it mailed. Note that if a name is listed with the address below, you may wish to contact this person via CDC WONDER/PC e-mail.
DON H STENHOUSE
NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM
Centers for Disease Control
1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS:(E-05)
Atlanta, GA 30333
