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Project:
CASSANDRA: A Storm Based Model for Forecasting the Initiation and
Runout of Debris Flows
State: California
Sponsoring Program: Solid Earth & Natural Hazards99
Affiliation: UC Berkeley, LLL, University of Virginia, Italian
Space Agency
Principal Investigator: Dietrich,
William
Description:
Use Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data to drive a topographic
based coupled hydrologic and slope stability model to predict shallow
debris flow hazard from predicted, down-scaled precipitation
Strategic Importance:
- Growing
population pressures in hilly and mountainous systems throughout
the world are increasingly putting people at risk of being hit
by debris flows
- Debris
flows carve canyons and are therefore important agents of landscape
evolution
Anticipated
Benefits:
- Reduced
loss of life and structures due to storm generated debris flows.
- Improved
understanding of landscape evolution
Project:
Continent-wide Estimation and Calibration of Catchment Hydologic
Parameters using SRTM and Laser Altimeter Data
State: New York
Sponsoring Program: Solid Earth & Natural Hazards99
Affiliation: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observ.
Principal Investigator: Stark,
Colin
Project:
Continental Topography and River Height Variations from Overland
Radar Altimetry
State: Maryland
Sponsoring Program: Solid Earth & Natural Hazards97
Affiliation: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Principal Investigator: Frey,
Herbert
Project:
Dynamics of Wetlands Among the Engineered Portions of the Missouri
River System
State: Missouri
Sponsoring Program: SENH97
Affiliation: Washington University, USGS
Principal Investigator: Arvidson,
Raymond
Description:
Determine dynamics of reconnection of Lower Missouri River with
its floodplain after Great Floods of 1993
Strategic Importance:
Demonstrate use of remote sensing technologies for flood hazard
and disaster assessment
Anticipated Benefits:
- Quantitative
evaluation of flood reduction due to new wetlands
- Determination
of habitat dynamics within Refuge sites
- Transfer
of remote sensing technologies to operational agencies (e.g.,
USGS, USFWS, and Missouri Dept. Conservation)
Project:
Estimation of Flood Hazards through Remote Sensing and Modeling
State: Washington
Sponsoring Program: SENH96
Affiliation: University of WA
Principal Investigator: Lettenmaier,
Dennis
Description:
Assimilate satellite-derived data into a macroscale hydrological
model for improved flood hazard prediction and reservoir management.
Strategic Importance:
- Mitigation
of catastrophic damage in the Midwest due to frozen soil-amplified
runoff as in the floods of the winter of 1996/1997
- Potential
for advance warning and prediction for use in flood control
Anticipated
Benefits:
- Evaluation
of utility of microwave satellite data for hydrologic model updating
- Demonstrate
that NASA science and technology can be used for catastrophic
runoff predictions to prevent loss of life and property
Project:
Flash Flood and Dam Failure Inundation Map: Automation of Validated
GIS
State: Hawaii
Sponsoring Program: SENH/PDC
Affiliation: STI Inc.
Principal Investigator: Johnson,
Carl
Project:
Flood Damage Prevention using Remotely-sensed Data and a Mesoscale
Atmospheric Model
State: Alabama
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: UAH
Principal Investigator: Cruise,
J.F.
URL: http://wwwghcc.msfc.nasa.gov/regional/
Description:
- Mesoscale
atmospheric modeling
- Stage
III NEXRAD precipitation data
- Forecast
updates and corrections using Kalman Filtering
- Real
time hydrologic forecasts
- High
resolution flood plain image from LIDAR data
- Projected
flood inundation mapping
- Internet
web page access
Anticipated Benefits:
- Improved
Flood Forecasts
- Real
time flood inundation mapping
- Public
access to flood data and forecasts
Project:
Flood Forecasting using a Regional Scale Atmosphere/Land Surface
Modeling System
State: Maryland
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: Austin College, NASA/GSFC
Principal Investigator: Baker,
R. David
Description:
Conduct mesoscale numerical simulations to better understand the
physical mechanisms responsible for flash flooding
Strategic Importance:
- Improve
real-time forecasting of flash floods
- Utilize
remotely sensed products from NASA missions such as the Tropical
Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Shuttle Radar Topography
Mission (SRTM) to address an important societal issue
Anticipated
Benefits:
- Validate
the regional atmosphere/land-surface modeling system, MM5-PLACE
- Assess
the need for high quality soil moisture observations to predict
heavy precipitation events
- Demonstrate
that NASA science and technology can be used for improved weather
and flood forecasting
Project:
Flood Plain Modeling Based on Data Fusion of Polarimetric SAR Interferometry
and Laser Altimetry
State: California
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: JPL, University of Texas at Austin
Principal Investigator: Van
Zyl, Jakob
Description:
Provide input fields of topography as well as the state of soil
moisture and vegetation cover for a hydrological model to enable
more accurate prediction of flooding events and flood extent in
riverine and coastal floodplains.
Three
phases of development:
- Acquire
in-situ and remotely sensed data
- Finalize
vegetation height estimation algorithm
- Incorporate
fields into hydrologic model
Strategic
Importance:
- Will
provide a scientific basis for flood prediction in floodplains
and coastal lowlands
- Will
develop state of the art remote sensing techniques and inversion
algorithms to provide input fields required by a physically based
hydrologic model
Anticipated
Benefits:
Operational monitoring of input fields, coupled with the predictive
capabilities of the hydrologic model, will allow disaster agencies
to predict the occurrence and extent of flooding, thereby saving lives
and property.
Project:
Globally Consistent Topographic Characterization of Large River
Floodplains based on the SRTM DEM
State: California
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: UCSB, UCLA
Principal Investigator: Mertes,
Leal
URL: http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~leal
Anticipated
Benefits:
- Floodplain
hypsometry for large rivers
- Floodplain
indices for global comparison
- SAR
processing to remove "canopy" from elevation data
Project:
Methodology for Near Real Time Flood Assessment in Bangladesh
State: Colorado
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: ERO Resources Corp.
Principal Investigator: Martin,
Timothy
Description:
Use a time series of satellite-based radar images, coupled with
digital elevation models, hydrological monitoring and field data
to develop techniques for monitoring flood extent, depth and duration
in Bangladesh. Ensure that techniques are transferable and sustainable
for use by in-country scientists and engineers.
Strategic Importance:
- Accurate
information on historic and contemporary flood extent and depth
is not available for Bangladesh, one of the most flood-prone countries
in the world
- Flood
information is essential for water resources planning and disaster
management in Bangladesh
- Flood
monitoring information serves flood modeling and prediction systems
with verification and calibration data
Anticipated
Benefits:
A method for assessing flood extent, depth and duration will be of
immediate benefit to planners, managers, relief organizations and
local communities in Bangladesh.
Project:
Real Time Monitoring of Flooding from Microwave Satellite Observations
State: Massachusetts
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: AER Inc.
Principal Investigator: Galantowicz,
John
Description: Develop, test, and validate a novel methodology
to obtain high resolution maps of inundation and an estimate of
river stage from SSM/I data.
Strategic Importance:
- Flood
disaster management applications
- Remotely
sensed river stage and inundation area
Anticipated
Benefits:
- Enhance
and expand microwave retrieval techniques over land surfaces and
along coastlines
- Provide
real time estimates of inundation extent in emergency situations
to help allocate limited resources
- Provide
real time knowledge of up-stream flood stage and extent for flood
forecasting
Project:
Remote Sensing for Debris Flooding Hazard Assessment in Arid Regions
State: Arizona
Sponsoring Program: SENH99
Affiliation: University of Arizona
Principal Investigator: Baker,
Victor
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