Pesticide Tolerances; Revision of Crop Groups
[Federal Register: May 17, 1995 (Volume 60, Number 95)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 26625-26643]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr17my95-29]
[[Page 26626]]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 180
[OPP-300269A; FRL-4939-9]
RIN 2070-AB78
Pesticide Tolerances; Revision of Crop Groups
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: EPA is revising pesticide tolerance crop-grouping regulations
to create new crop subgroups, expand existing crop groups by adding new
commodities, and revise the representative crops in some groups. EPA
expects these revisions to promote greater use of crop grouping for
tolerance-setting purposes and to facilitate availability of pesticides
for minor crop uses. EPA initiated these regulations.
EFFECTIVE DATE: This regulation becomes effective May 17, 1995.
ADDRESSES: Written objections and hearing requests, identified by the
document control number, [OPP-300269A], may be submitted to: Hearing
Clerk (1900), Environmental Protection Agency, Rm. M3708, 401 M St.,
SW., Washington, DC 20460. Fees accompanying objections and hearing
requests shall be labeled ``Tolerance Petition Fees'' and forwarded to:
EPA Headquarters Accounting Operations Branch, OPP (Tolerance Fees),
P.O. Box 360277M, Pittsburgh, PA 15251. A copy of any objections and
hearing requests filed with the Hearing Clerk should be identified by
the document control number and submitted to: Public Response and
Program Resources Branch, Field Operations Division (7506C), Office of
Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW.,
Washington, DC 20460. In person, bring copy of objections and hearing
request to Rm. 1132, CM #2, 1921 Jefferson Davis Hwy., Arlington, VA
22202.
A copy of objections and hearing requests filed with the Hearing
Clerk may also be submitted electronically by sending electronic mail
(e-mail) to: opp-docket@epamail.epa.gov. Copies of objections and
hearing requests must be submitted as an ASCII file avoiding the use of
special characters and any form of encryption. Copies of objections and
hearing requests will also be accepted on disks in WordPerfect in 5.1
file format or ASCII file format. All copies of objections and hearing
requests in electronic form must be identified by the docket number
[OPP-300269A]. No Confidential Business Information (CBI) should be
submitted through e-mail. Electronic copies of objections and hearing
requests on this rule may be filed online at many Federal Depository
Libraries. Additional information on electronic submissions can be
found in unit VIII. of this document.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: By mail: Hoyt Jamerson, Registration
Support Branch, Registration Division (7505W), Office of Pesticide
Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW., Washington,
DC 20460. Office location and telephone number: Sixth Floor, Crystal
Station #1, 2800 Jefferson Davis Hwy., Arlington, VA 22202, (703)-308-
8783; e-mail: jamerson.hoyt@epamail.epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
The crop grouping regulations currently in 40 CFR 180.34(f) enable
the establishment of tolerances for a group of crops based on residue
data for certain crops that are representative of the group. EPA issued
a proposed rule, published in the Federal Register of August 25, 1993
(58 FR 44990), under the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), which proposed to revise the crop grouping
regulations primarily by adding subgroups to 8 of the 19 existing crop
groups. Each subgroup is a smaller and more closely related grouping of
the commodities included in the ``parent'' crop group, and the
representative commodities for each subgroup are also a smaller subset
of those for the parent group. In addition, EPA proposed to add new
commodities to expand some of the existing crop groups, and to revise
representative crops for some crop groups to provide petitioners more
flexibility in obtaining supporting residue data. EPA also proposed to
add an alphabetical listing of commodities with cross-references to the
assigned crop groups as an Index to Commodities in the Finding Aids
section at the end of title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR), parts 150 to 189. This action is intended to promote more
extensive use of crop group tolerances as part of the EPA's efforts to
improve utilization of existing and new residue data. Written comments
were solicited and were received from more than 22 interested parties
and groups in response to the proposal. Comments were received from the
pesticide industry, State pesticide regulatory authorities,
agricultural grower and marketing organizations, and the Interregional
Research Project No. 4 (IR-4). All of these comments have been reviewed
and are on file with the Agency in the Public Response and Program
Resources Branch at the address provided above. All of the comments
were supportive of the proposal in concept, but some comments wanted
modifications to the proposal. Most comments were substantially
satisfied by editorial changes and deletions from or additions to the
proposal. Comments of significance and changes to the rule, as
previously proposed, are discussed by topic in succeeding units of this
preamble.
II. General Revisions
A. Requirements for New Residue Data When There Are Existing Tolerances
A commenter recommended that, where representative crops are
removed from some crop groups by this revision, a way should be found
to maintain established crop group tolerances without requiring
additional residue data. The Agency expects that residue data from the
remaining representative commodities should provide sufficient support
for the existing crop group tolerances. Also, available data which
previously supported the removed representative crop can still be
considered in support of the group tolerance, whether or not that
commodity is currently included as a representative commodity. However,
all existing tolerances will be subject to reassessment as part of the
reregistration program.
The crop group most affected by the removal of representative
commodities is the previous small fruits and berries crop group which
has been amended to become the new berries crop group, with the removal
of cranberries, grapes, and strawberries from the group. Cranberries,
grapes, and strawberries have been removed from the crop group since
their cultural practices and residue chemistry concerns are distinct
enough from the other small fruits and berries to have been an
impediment to registrants who might have sought a crop group tolerance.
Residue data will still be required to support tolerances for any of
these three commodities, which have been included in the listing of
miscellaneous crops in 40 CFR 180.41(b).
Only one tolerance for the small fruits and berries group has been
established since 1983. However, some tolerances were established for a
small fruits crop group which existed before the small fruits and
berries crop group was established in 1983, and before specific
representative commodities were named [[Page 26627]] in the crop
grouping regulations. There are also a substantial number of tolerances
for pre-1983 crop groups other than small fruits. All of the existing
crop group tolerances will continue in effect until the pesticides
undergo the reregistration process or a petition is submitted
requesting conversion to a new crop group or subgroup. At that time,
consideration will be given to setting individual tolerances for any
commodities covered by the old crop group tolerance that are not
supportable under the new regulations.
B. Addition of Crops
EPA has accepted several suggestions to add certain commodities to
the crop groupings, which were proposed in the Federal Register of
August 25, 1993. Comments requesting additions to the crop groupings
and revisions to the crop group tables, as were previously proposed,
are discussed in unit III. of this preamble under specific crop group
headings.
Future changes to the crop group tables or other portions of
Sec. 180.40 or Sec. 180.41 will be subject to notice-and-comment
rulemaking procedures, except for technical amendments to the tables,
e.g., to update the scientific nomenclature, or to add a new cultivar
of a commodity that is already listed. Minor technical amendments to
Secs. 180.40 and 180.41 will be made by publication of a final rule.
C. Representative Commodities
There are no changes to the representative commodities, as
proposed, with the exception of editorial revisions to several crop
groupings to clearly identify the commodities for which residue data
are required. Several commenters suggested the deletion or substitution
of representative commodities for certain crop groupings. These
comments and the editorial revisions to the representative commodities
are discussed in unit III of this preamble under specific crop group
headings.
D. Regional/Common Names for Commodities
In response to a request that efforts should be made to incorporate
additional regional commodity names in the crop groupings, a number of
common names have been added to the Index to Commodities, with
references to the commodity name as it is listed in the crop group.
Additional regional/common names will be added to the Index as
warranted with references to the commodity as it is named in the crop
group tables. In order not to lengthen the crop group tables
unnecessarily, new common names will be added only to the Index.
E. Miscellaneous Commodities
Some suggestions were made to list in the commodity index crops not
included in a crop grouping. However, the commodity index is intended
to complement the crop group tables, rather than be a comprehensive
listing of all commodities with tolerances. Some of the ungrouped crops
may be considered for inclusion in a crop grouping at a future date, at
which time they will be added to the index. Crops that were
intentionally not included in any groups were listed previously in
Sec. 180.34(f)(7); such miscellaneous commodities are now listed in
Sec. 180.41(b).
III. Specific Revisions to Crop Groups
1. Crop Group 1. Root and tuber vegetables group. In the crop group
listing, the designation edible canna (Queensland arrowroot) replaces
purple arrowroot, oriental radish replaces Japanese radish, and yam
bean has been expanded to include jicama and manioc pea.
In response to a request, chayote root has been added to the root
and tuber vegetables group and to subgroups 1-C (tuberous and corm
vegetables) and 1-D (tuberous and corm vegetables, except potato).
Chicory, grown for its roots and leaves, has not been expanded to
include witloof chicory (or the common names French endive and Belgian
endive) because of the likelihood of confusion due to chicory root
being included in crop group 1, chicory leaves being included in crop
group 2, and endive being included in crop group 4. Cultural practices
associated with witloof chicory production also differ from the
production of chicory leaves and endive. Witloof chicory is produced
from chicory roots, which are transplanted from the field to indoor
growth chambers, where the edible compact head of blanched leaves is
``forced'' from the root.
2. Crop Group 2. Leaves of root and tuber vegetables (human food or
animal feed) group. In the crop group listing, the designation Japanese
radish was changed to oriental radish.
A commenter requested that the common names French endive, Belgian
endive, and witloof be added to the chicory entry in the leaves of root
and tuber vegetables crop group. For the reasons given for crop group 1
above, these common names have not been added to the crop group or to
the Index to Commodities.
3. Crop Group 3. Bulb vegetables (Allium spp.) group. The
representative commodities for the bulb vegetables (Allium spp.) group
are listed clearly as two separate commodities--onion, green and onion,
dry bulb--to clarify that residue data are required for both green and
dry bulb onions.
4. Crop Group 4. Leafy vegetables (except Brassica vegetables)
group.
The representative commodities for leafy vegetables (except
Brassica vegetables) group have been editorially modified to clarify
that residue data in support of crop group 4 and subgroup 4-A (leafy
greens) tolerances are required for both head lettuce and leaf lettuce.
Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) and Chinese celery (Apium graveolens
var. secalinum) have been added to crop group 4 and subgroup 4-B, leaf
petioles.
Florence fennel has been expanded to include the name finocchio.
The common or loose-leaf chicory (asparagus chicory, radichetta, or
green chicory) was considered but not added to crop group 4 at this
time because of the potential confusion with chicory leaves, which are
in crop group 2.
5. Crop Group 5. Brassica (cole) leafy vegetables group. Mizuna and
mustard spinach have been added to the crop group and to subgroup 5-B,
leafy Brassica greens subgroup.
6. Crop Group 6. Legume vegetables (succulent or dried) group. The
representative commodities for subgroup 6-A have been clarified as
being succulent cultivars. Adzuki bean, moth bean, mung bean and rice
bean have been moved from the bean (Phaseolus spp.) listing and are now
included with the bean (Vigna spp.) to reflect recent taxonomic
changes.
Pea (Pisum spp.) has been expanded to include sugar snap pea and
snow pea. Sugar pea was deleted, since snow pea is the preferred common
name.
As requested by a commenter, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) has been
added to subgroup 6-B, succulent shelled pea and bean, of crop group 6,
legume vegetables, because it is used extensively in the Caribbean and
Central and South American countries as a fresh green pea removed from
its pod.
7. Crop Group 7. Foliage of legume vegetables group. No comments
were submitted; no changes have been made.
8. Crop Group 8. Fruiting vegetables (except cucurbits) group. The
representative commodities for fruiting vegetables (except cucurbits)
group have been modified to clarify that residue data in support of
crop group 8 are required for both bell pepper and a nonbell pepper, as
well as for tomatoes. This is not a change in policy; however,
[[Page 26628]] the data requirement was not articulated in the
regulation previously.
9. Crop Group 9. Cucurbit vegetables group. A commenter questioned
the listing of cantaloupe, a specific type of muskmelon, as
representative commodity for subgroup 9-A; whereas for the parent crop
group, any muskmelon is a suitable representative commodity. Muskmelon
of any type is considered acceptable for the parent crop group because
there are two other representative commodities, a cucumber and a summer
squash, to balance out the group. However, as the only representative
commodity for the subgroup, cantaloupe would be the best because its
finely-ridged rough surface would result in higher surface residues
compared to the smooth-skinned melons like the honeydew melon.
Therefore, in the final rule, cantaloupe has been retained as the
representative commodity for subgroup 9-A.
A commenter requested that EPA reconsider adding a third subgroup
``winter squash and pumpkins'' under cucurbits or, alternatively, place
winter squash and pumpkins with ``melons'' since they all have inedible
rinds. The commenter is concerned that inappropriately high tolerances
might be set otherwise, based on residue in summer squash and
cucumbers, which could utilize more of the Reference Dose than would be
necessary. A review of established tolerances for the proposed subgroup
9-B, squash/cucumber, shows that tolerances for summer squash,
cucumber, winter squash, and pumpkins are the same or fall within the
5X limitation for tolerance levels in the same subgroup. Therefore, EPA
has retained winter squash and pumpkins in subgroup 9-B.
In response to comments, chayote (Sechium edule) fruit has been
added to the cucurbit vegetables group and the squash/cucumber subgroup.
10. Crop Group 10. Citrus fruits group. A commenter recommended
that the representative commodities for the citrus fruits group should
be reduced to two, to include sweet orange and a choice between lemon
and grapefruit rather than both of the latter. An alternative
recommendation was to delete grapefruit as a representative commodity
on the basis that there is no difference between residues in sweet
oranges and those in grapefruit. However, EPA has not reduced the
number of representative commodities because of the importance of
citrus in the diet; the consumption of combined citrus exceeds that of
any commodity in the general population, and for infants the
consumption of citrus is second to apples. Therefore, EPA believes it
is important to require residue data for three representative
commodities (grapefruit, lemon, and sweet orange) in support of
tolerances for the citrus fruits group.
11. Crop Group 11. Pome fruits group. The only change to this group
is in the scientific name for apple to reflect current nomenclature.
12. Crop Group 12. Stone fruits group. A commenter recommended that
sweet cherries, rather than sour cherries, should be a representative
commodity for the stone fruits group. The commenter explained that, at
harvest, sour cherries are always flushed with water while sweet
cherries are usually handled dry. Thus, higher pesticide residues would
be expected on the sweet cherries, indicating they should be the
preferred representative commodity of the two types of cherries.
However, EPA prefers to allow the option of either sour or sweet
cherries as representative commodity, provided that sour cherries
should be analyzed for residues in their unwashed state. In addition,
the term ``tart cherry'' will replace ``sour cherry.''
A request was made to include pomegranates in the stone fruits
group. Since this commodity is not similar to other members of the
stone fruits group, it was not included.
Several commenters requested that olives be added to the stone
fruits group. A major problem with grouping olives with stone fruits is
the need for processing studies to determine the concentration of
residues in olive oil. Because residue studies for olives, including
processing studies, would be required for a stone fruit group that
includes olives, olives would have to be a representative crop, which
would reduce the usefulness of the group and negate any benefit to
olives from being in the group.
EPA may reevaluate pomegranate and olive as tropical/subtropical
fruits, when a tropical/subtropical fruit crop group is researched in
the future.
13. Crop Group 13. Berries group. A commenter requested
clarification of the discussion of the bushberry subgroup 13-B in
Section III of the proposed rule. The bushberry subgroup includes woody
shrubs and bushes that produce fruit in clusters, including the
blueberry. Blackberries are included in subgroup 13-A with other
caneberries. Youngberry has been added to blackberry since it is a
blackberry-raspberry hybrid similar to boysenberry and marionberry,
which are included with blackberry.
14. Crop Group 14. Tree nuts group. Several commenters requested
that representative commodities for the tree nuts group should be
revised to allow a choice between pecan and English walnut as a
representative crop in addition to almond. Previously all three
commodities were required representative crops. EPA proposed deletion
of English walnuts as a representative commodity to streamline the tree
nut crop group data requirements by requesting field residue data for
only the minimum number of representative commodities that will enable
EPA to adequately evaluate the residue data for establishing a
tolerance. Almost all English walnuts are produced in California while
pecans, which are the major tree nut crop produced in the U.S., are
distributed throughout the U.S., particularly in the southeastern
region. Residue data on almonds and pecans are needed to obtain
geographically representative residue data for the tree nuts. Almonds
and pecans have been retained as the representative crops for this
group. However, EPA will be flexible on using residue data already
developed for English walnuts and such data will be useful in
establishing tolerances for tree nuts or supporting reregistration
actions.
Two commenters requested that pistachios be added to the tree nut
group, stating that residue data are now available that demonstrate
that pesticide residue levels on pistachios are ``at levels similar to,
if not lower than other nuts in the grouping.'' Pistachios have been
requested and considered for inclusion in the crop group previously,
but not included because pistachio shells split and hence would be
expected to permit greater residues on the edible portion of the nut
than other nut crops. Since the commenters did not submit any
comparative field residue data between pistachios and other tree nuts,
EPA has not added pistachios to the tree nuts group.
15. Crop Group 15. Cereal grains group. No comments were submitted,
and no changes have been made.
16. Crop Group 16. Forage, fodder and straw of cereal grains group.
No comments were submitted, and no changes have been made.
17. Crop Group 17. Grass forage, fodder, and hay group. No comments
were submitted, and no changes have been made.
18. Crop Group 18. Non-grass animal feeds (forage, fodder, straw
and hay) group. No comments were submitted, and no changes have been made.
19. Crop Group 19. Herbs and spices group. In response to various
comments, a number of commodities have been added to crop group 19 and
its subgroups: star anise, annatto seed, [[Page 26629]] black caraway,
cardamom, chervil (dried), Chinese chive, culantro, grains of paradise,
mustard seed, white pepper, and poppy seed. Common fennel and Florence
fennel (seed) have replaced Italian and sweet fennel.
The commodities capsicum (peppers), ginger, paprika, peppermint
leaves, sesame seed, spearmint leaves, and turmeric were considered,
but not added to, crop group 19 because they are members of other crop
groups, they have other processed commodities that would require them
to be representative commodities, or their cultural practices and pest
problems are too dissimilar.
A commenter requested that there be only one representative
commodity in the herb subgroup and one in the spice subgroup, only two
for the total crop group, contending that the cost of generating
residue data on even two commodities for a subgroup would greatly
exceed the sales value of the crops themselves. Another commenter
requested that additional herbs and spices be included in the crop
group, contending that the EPA-proposed list does not include many
spices that meet the definitions of spice issued by the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the
American Spice Trade Association.
EPA cannot further reduce the number of representative commodities
at this time because of the great diversity in plant classification
between the numerous herbs and spices, the wide variation in cultural
practices and pest problems between the various commodities, the wide
differences in plant parts that are the raw agricultural commodity, and
the lack of comparative field residue trial data for many of the
commodities. As the field residue database on herbs and spices becomes
more extensive, then the possibility exists for further reducing and/or
changing some of the representative commodities, or further subdividing
the current subgroups, so that the number of representative commodities
might be reduced.
IV. Addition of New Crop Groups
Several commenters requested the addition of new crop groups, as
follows: Oil seed crops, to include sunflower, rape, canola, crambe,
flax, safflower, jojoba, and Lesquerella; tropical fruits to include
banana, mango, papaya, passion fruit, etc.; and subtropical fruits to
include avocado, kiwifruit, persimmon, cherimoya, guava, mango, and
pomegranate. The development of new crop groups for tropical and
subtropical fruits and for oil seed crops is beyond the scope of this
rulemaking, but may be considered for future rulemaking.
As indicated in the proposed rule, any future recommended changes
to the crop groups or subgroups should be presented in a form which
includes all necessary background and supporting information, such as a
list of all commodities to be included, accompanied by scientific
names, naming all representative commodities and providing a rationale
for selecting the particular commodities and representative commodities
to be included. EPA welcomes an opportunity to evaluate crop group/
subgroup proposals, when they are submitted from interested parties,
and/or to work with such parties on the types of information and data
necessary to evaluate a new crop group.
V. Other Comments
A commenter suggested defining cotton to include kenaf, said to be
a related fiber crop also in the family Malvaceae. Adding or amending
crop definitions in 40 CFR 180.1(h) is beyond the scope of EPA's
current efforts to revise the crop groupings. A request to establish a
commodity definition in Sec. 180.1(h) may be submitted to EPA for
review as a separate amendment. The amendment should include rationale
for change, comparative cultural practices including pest problems,
application timing, food/feed uses, and geographical distribution for
commodity production, as well as processing food items.
At this time EPA has no plans to set tolerances on a crop group or
subgroup basis for pesticide residues in processed food or animal feed
commodities, even when the parent raw agricultural commodity is a
member of a crop group. Generally the processed forms of commodities
are very different from their raw forms and, within a crop group, also
different from each other's processed forms, including in terms of
expected residues. Also, processed commodities may have incurred
pesticide residues from direct or indirect application of pesticides to
the processed food as well as application to the raw form from which
the processed form is derived. This would present a problem of too much
variability in expected residues in the various processed commodities.
In addition, some chemicals have a tendency to concentrate as a result
of processing whereas others may remain constant or dissipate during
processing; this lack of consistency in resulting residues would also
make it difficult to set a crop group tolerance to cover several
dissimilar processed commodities.
VI. Implementation
Petitions pending at the time this final rule is published will
continue to be processed based on the previous regulation, except they
will be given the benefit of any appropriate revised or reduced residue
data requirements if needed. Likewise, residue studies which are
currently underway should not be adversely affected by this new rule.
Residue data requirements imposed by these regulations for a crop
group tolerance are substantially the same as those that were imposed
by Sec. 180.34(f), except that for a number of crop groups, fewer
representative commodities are required or a choice of representative
commodities is allowed. For the bulb vegetables group, the tree nuts
group, and the herbs and spices group, the number of representative
commodities is now fewer than before. For the leaves of root and tuber
vegetables group, Brassica (cole) leafy vegetables group, and herbs and
spices group, there is some choice allowed in terms of representative
commodities.
Because of a major change to the former small fruits and berries
crop group--deletion of cranberries, grapes, and strawberries as group
members and as representative commodities, resulting in the new berries
crop group--any petition for a tolerance for the small fruits and
berries crop group that is currently pending or submitted within 30
days after publication of this rule will be processed as if it were a
petition for tolerances for the berries crop group and the individual
commodities cranberries, grapes, and strawberries. No additional fee
will be imposed because of this action, although any other amendment to
such a petition would be subject to the usual fees.
A pending petition for a crop group tolerance which is found
deficient in terms of residue data may be reconsidered by EPA as a
petition for one or more related crop subgroup tolerances. EPA's
response to the petitioner will indicate whether such subgroup
tolerances can be supported. Similarly, crop group tolerances being
reassessed for reregistration that are determined not to be supported
by the available data will be evaluated to determine whether the data
might support one or more related crop subgroup tolerances or one or
more individual crop tolerances.
A petition for a crop group or crop subgroup tolerance which relies
on existing individual tolerances for all or some of the representative
crops for the crop group or subgroup will be subject to reassessment of
all available data in support of the individual tolerances to
[[Page 26630]] determine if such data are currently considered adequate
to support the crop group or subgroup tolerance.
All existing crop group tolerances will continue in effect until
the pesticides undergo the reregistration process or a petition is
submitted requesting conversion to a new crop group or subgroup. At
that time, consideration will be given to setting individual tolerances
for any commodities covered by the old crop group tolerance that are
not supportable under the new regulations.
Fees imposed by 40 CFR 180.33(h) for petitions for crop group
tolerances will apply to petitions for subgroup tolerances as well. For
fee purposes, each request for a crop subgroup tolerance will be
considered as if it were a request for a single commodity tolerance.
VII. Index to Commodities
This unit contains an alphabetical index to the crops in all the
crop groups, giving the Crop Group number. The index will be included
in Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations as a finding aid after
its publication in the Federal Register.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Group
Commodities Number
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Achiote (see annatto seed)................................. 19
Achira (see canna, edible)................................. 1
Acorn squash (see squash, winter).......................... 9
Adzuki bean (see bean (Vigna spp.))........................ 6
Alfalfa (forage, fodder, straw, hay)....................... 18
Allspice................................................... 19
Almond..................................................... 14
Amaranth................................................... 4
Angelica................................................... 19
Angola bean (see pigeon pea)............................... 6
Anise (anise seed)......................................... 19
Annatto seed............................................... 19
Annual marjoram (see marjoram)............................. 19
Apple...................................................... 11
Apple, balsam (see Momordica spp.)......................... 9
Apricot.................................................... 12
Arracacha.................................................. 1
Arrowroot.................................................. 1
Arugula.................................................... 4
Asian pear (see pear, oriental)............................ 11
Asparagus bean (see bean (Vigna spp.))..................... 6
Asparagus lettuce (see celtuce)............................ 4
Aubergine (see eggplant)................................... 8
Australian arrowroot (see canna, edible)................... 1
Austrian winter pea (see pea (Pisum spp.) (field pea))..... 6
Azuki bean (see bean (Vigna spp.) (adzuki bean))........... 6
Balm....................................................... 19
Balsam apple (see Momordica spp.).......................... 9
Balsam pear (see Momordica spp.)........................... 9
Barley..................................................... 15
Barley (forage, fodder, straw)............................. 16
Basil...................................................... 19
Bay leaf (see sweet bay)................................... 19
Bean....................................................... 6
Bean (foliage)............................................. 7
Bean, velvet (forage, fodder, straw, hay).................. 18
Bean, yam.................................................. 1
Beech nut.................................................. 14
Beet....................................................... 1
Beet (foliage)............................................. 2
Beetroot (see beet, garden)................................ 1
Bell pepper (see pepper (Capsicum spp.))................... 8
Bingleberry (see blackberry)............................... 13
Birdsfoot trefoil (see trefoil)............................ 18
Bitter cassava............................................. 1
Bitter cassava (foliage)................................... 2
Bitter gourd (see balsam pear)............................. 9
Bitter melon (see Momordica spp.).......................... 9
Bitter orange (see orange, sour)........................... 10
Black caraway.............................................. 19
Black cumin (see caraway, black)........................... 19
Black pepper............................................... 19
Black raspberry............................................ 13
Black salsify.............................................. 1
Black salsify (foliage).................................... 2
Black satin berry (see blackberry)......................... 13
Black walnut............................................... 14
Blackberry................................................. 13
Blackeyed pea (see bean (Vigna spp.))...................... 6
Blero (see amaranth)....................................... 4
Blood orange (see orange, sweet)........................... 10
Blueberry.................................................. 13
Bok choy (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))................. 5
Bok choy sum (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))............. 5
Bor choi (see mustard spinach)............................. 5
Bor tsai (see mustard spinach)............................. 5
Bottle gourd (see gourd, edible (cucuzza))................. 9
Borage..................................................... 19
Borecole (see kale)........................................ 5
Borekale (see kale)........................................ 5
Boy choy sum (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))............. 5
Boysenberry (see blackberry)............................... 13
Brazil nut................................................. 14
Broad bean................................................. 6
Broad bean (foliage)....................................... 7
Broccoflower (see cauliflower)............................. 5
Broccoli................................................... 5
Broccoli raab.............................................. 5
Brussels sprouts........................................... 5
Buckwheat.................................................. 15
Buckwheat (forage, fodder, straw).......................... 16
Bullace plum (see plum, Damson)............................ 12
Bulrush millet (see millet, pearl)......................... 15
Burdock, edible............................................ 1
Burdock, edible (foliage).................................. 2
Burnet..................................................... 19
Bush nut (see macadamia nut)............................... 14
Butter bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.) (lima bean))........ 6
Butternut.................................................. 14
Butternut squash (see squash, winter)...................... 9
Cabbage.................................................... 5
Cajan pea (see pigeon pea)................................. 6
Calabash gourd (see gourd, edible (cucuzzi))............... 9
Calabaza (see squash, winter).............................. 9
Calaloo (see amaranth)..................................... 4
Calamondin................................................. 10
Calilu (see amaranth)...................................... 4
Camomile................................................... 19
Canna, edible.............................................. 1
Cantaloupe (see muskmelon)................................. 9
Cape gooseberry (see groundcherry)......................... 8
Caper buds................................................. 19
Caraway.................................................... 19
Cardoni (see cardoon)...................................... 4
Cardoon.................................................... 4
Cardamom................................................... 19
Carrot..................................................... 1
Carrot (foliage)........................................... 2
Casaba (see muskmelon)..................................... 9
Cashew..................................................... 14
Cassava, bitter and sweet.................................. 1
Cassava, bitter and sweet (foliage)........................ 2
Cassia bark................................................ 19
Cassia buds................................................ 19
Catjang (see bean (Vigna spp.))............................ 6
Catmint (see catnip)....................................... 19
Catnip..................................................... 19
Cauliflower................................................ 5
Cavalo broccolo............................................ 5
Celeriac................................................... 1
Celeriac (foliage)......................................... 2
Celery..................................................... 4
Celery cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese (napa))............... 5
Celery mustard (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))........... 5
Celery root (see celeriac)................................. 1
Celery seed................................................ 19
Celtuce.................................................... 4
Ceylon spinach (see spinach, vine)......................... 4
Chayote (fruit)............................................ 9
Chayote (root)............................................. 1
Cherokee blackberry (see blackberry)....................... 13
Cherry, sweet.............................................. 12
Cherry, tart............................................... 12
Chervil.................................................... 4
Chervil (dried)............................................ 19
Chervil, turnip-rooted..................................... 1
Chervil, turnip-rooted (foliage)........................... 2
Chesterberry (see blackberry).............................. 13
Chestnut................................................... 14
Cheyenne blackberry (see blackberry)....................... 13
Chickasaw plum............................................. 12
Chickpea................................................... 6
Chickpea (foliage)......................................... 7
Chicory.................................................... 1
Chicory (foliage).......................................... 2
Chihili cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese (napa)).............. 5
[[Page 26631]]
Chili pepper (see pepper (Capsicum spp.)).................. 8
China pea (see pea (Pisum spp.) (snow pea))................ 6
China star anise (see anise, star)......................... 19
Chinese artichoke.......................................... 1
Chinese broccoli........................................... 5
Chinese cabbage (bok choy)................................. 5
Chinese cabbage (napa)..................................... 5
Chinese celery............................................. 4
Chinese celery cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese (napa))....... 5
Chinese chive.............................................. 19
Chinese cucumber (see Momordica spp.)...................... 9
Chinese green mustard (see cabbage, Chinese mustard)....... 5
Chinese green mustard cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese
mustard).................................................. 5
Chinese kale (see broccoli, Chinese)....................... 5
Chinese lantern plant (see tomatillo)...................... 8
Chinese leek (see chive, Chinese).......................... 19
Chinese longbean (see bean (Vigna spp.))................... 6
Chinese mustard (see mustard greens)....................... 5
Chinese mustard cabbage.................................... 5
Chinese okra (see gourd, edible)........................... 9
Chinese parsley (see coriander)............................ 19
Chinese pea (see pea (Pisum spp.) (snow pea)).............. 6
Chinese pear (see pear, oriental).......................... 11
Chinese preserving melon (see Chinese waxgourd)............ 9
Chinese radish (see radish, oriental)...................... 1
Chinese spinach (see amaranth)............................. 4
Chinese squash (see Chinese waxgourd)...................... 9
Chinese turnip (see radish, Oriental)...................... 1
Chinese waxgourd........................................... 9
Chinese white cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy)).... 5
Chinquapin................................................. 14
Chironja (see citrus hybrids).............................. 10
Chive...................................................... 19
Choi sum (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))................. 5
Chopsuey greens (see chrysanthemum, edible-leaved)......... 4
Choy sum (see cabbage, Chinese cabbage (bok choy))......... 5
Chrysanthemum, edible-leaved............................... 4
Chrysanthemum, garland..................................... 4
Chufa...................................................... 1
Ciboule (see onion, Welsh)................................. 3
Cilantro (see coriander)................................... 19
Cilantro del monte (see culantro).......................... 19
Cinnamon................................................... 19
Citrus citron.............................................. 10
Citron melon............................................... 9
Citrus hybrids (Citrus spp.)............................... 10
Clary...................................................... 19
Clove buds................................................. 19
Clover (forage, fodder, straw, hay)........................ 18
Cluster bean (see guar).................................... 6
Cocoyam (see tanier)....................................... 1
Cocoyam (foliage).......................................... 2
Collards................................................... 5
Common bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.) (kidney bean))...... 6
Common millet (see millet, proso).......................... 15
Common vetch (see vetch)................................... 18
Congo pea (see pigeon pea)................................. 6
Cooking pepper (see pepper (Capsicum spp.))................ 8
Coriander (leaf and seed).................................. 19
Corn....................................................... 15
Corn (forage, fodder)...................................... 16
Corn salad................................................. 4
Coryberry (see blackberry)................................. 13
Costmary................................................... 19
Courgette (see squash, summer)............................. 9
Cowpea (see bean (Vigna spp.))............................. 6
Crabapple.................................................. 11
Crenshaw melon (see muskmelon)............................. 9
Cress...................................................... 4
Christophine (see chayote)................................. 9
Crookneck squash (see squash, summer)...................... 9
Crowder pea (see bean (Vigna spp.))........................ 6
Crown vetch (forage, fodder, straw, hay)................... 18
Cucumber................................................... 9
Cucuzza (see gourd, edible)................................ 9
Cucuzzi (see gourd, edible)................................ 9
Culantro (leaf)............................................ 19
Culantro (seed)............................................ 19
Cumin...................................................... 19
Currant.................................................... 13
Curry leaf................................................. 19
Cush cush yam (see yam, true).............................. 1
Custard marrow (see chayote)............................... 9
Daikon (see radish, oriental).............................. 1
Damson plum................................................ 12
Dandelion.................................................. 4
Darrowberry (see blackberry)............................... 13
Dasheen.................................................... 1
Dasheen (foliage).......................................... 2
Dewberry (see blackberry).................................. 13
Dill seed.................................................. 19
Dillweed................................................... 19
Dirksen thornless berry (see blackberry)................... 13
Dock....................................................... 4
Dwarf pea (see pea (Pisum spp.))........................... 6
Eddoe (see dasheen)........................................ 1
Edible burdock............................................. 1
Edible burdock (foliage)................................... 2
Edible canna............................................... 1
Edible gourd............................................... 9
Edible-leaved chrysanthemum................................ 4
Edible-pod pea (see pea (Pisum spp.))...................... 6
Eggplant................................................... 8
Elderberry................................................. 13
Elephant garlic (see garlic, great-headed)................. 3
Endive..................................................... 4
English pea (see pea (Pisum spp.))......................... 6
English walnut............................................. 14
Escarole (see endive)...................................... 4
Estragon (see tarragon).................................... 19
European plum (see prune (fresh)).......................... 12
Fava bean (see broad bean)................................. 6
Fennel, common............................................. 19
Fennel, Florence........................................... 4
Fennel, Florence (seed).................................... 19
Fennel flower (see caraway, black)......................... 19
Fenugreek.................................................. 19
Field bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.))..................... 6
Field pea (see pea (Pisum spp.))........................... 6
Filbert.................................................... 14
Finocchio (see fennel, Florence)........................... 4
Florence fennel............................................ 4
Florence fennel (seed)..................................... 19
Flowering bok choy (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))....... 5
Flowering leek (see chive, Chinese)........................ 19
Flowering pak choy (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))....... 5
French bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.) (kidney bean))...... 6
French parsley (see chervil)............................... 4
Gai choy (see cabbage, Chinese mustard).................... 5
Gai lon (see broccoli, Chinese)............................ 5
Garbanzo bean (see chickpea)............................... 6
Garden beet................................................ 1
Garden beet (foliage)...................................... 2
Garden clary (see clary)................................... 19
Garden cress............................................... 4
Garden pea (see pea (Pisum spp.)).......................... 6
Garden purslane............................................ 4
Garland chrysanthemum...................................... 4
Garlic..................................................... 3
Garlic chive (see chive, Chinese).......................... 19
Gau choi (see chive, Chinese).............................. 19
Gau tsoi (see chive, Chinese).............................. 19
Gherkin.................................................... 9
Ginger..................................................... 1
Ginseng.................................................... 1
Girasole (see artichoke, Jerusalem)........................ 1
Gobo (see burdock, edible)................................. 1
Golden pershaw melon (see muskmelon)....................... 9
Gooseberry................................................. 13
Gooseberry, cape (see groundcherry)........................ 8
Gourd, edible.............................................. 9
Gow choy (see chive, Chinese).............................. 19
Grain lupin (see bean (Lupinus spp.))...................... 6
Grains of paradise......................................... 19
Grapefruit................................................. 10
Grasses (either green or cured)............................ 17
Great-headed garlic........................................ 3
[[Page 26632]]
Greater burdock (see burdock, edible)...................... 1
Green bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.) (snap bean))......... 6
Green cauliflower (see cauliflower)........................ 5
Green onion (see onion).................................... 3
Green pea (see pea (Pisum spp.))........................... 6
Groundcherry............................................... 8
Guar....................................................... 6
Guar (foliage)............................................. 7
Guinea grains (see grains of paradise)..................... 19
Guinea yam (see yam, true)................................. 1
Hairy vetch (see vetch).................................... 18
Hazelnut (see filbert)..................................... 14
Head lettuce (see lettuce)................................. 4
Hechima (see gourd, edible)................................ 9
Hickory nut................................................ 14
Himalayaberry (see blackberry)............................. 13
Honey balls (see muskmelon)................................ 9
Honeydew melon (see muskmelon)............................. 9
Horehound.................................................. 19
Horseradish................................................ 1
Hubbard squash (see squash, winter)........................ 9
Huckleberry................................................ 13
Hullberry (see blackberry)................................. 13
Husk tomato (see tomatillo)................................ 8
Hyacinth bean (see lablab bean)............................ 6
Hyotan (see gourd, edible)................................. 9
Hyssop..................................................... 19
Indian mustard (see mustard greens)........................ 5
Indian rice (see wild rice)................................ 15
Indian saffron (see turmeric).............................. 1
Indian spinach (see spinach, vine)......................... 4
Irish potato (see potato).................................. 1
Italian fennel (see fennel, Florence)...................... 4
Italian fennel (seed) (see fennel, Florence (seed))........ 19
Jackbean................................................... 6
Jackbean (foliage)......................................... 7
Japanese artichoke (see artichokes, Chinese)............... 1
Japanese bunching onion (see onion, Welsh)................. 3
Japanese chrysanthemum (see chrysanthemum, edible-leaved).. 4
Japanese greens (see mizuna)............................... 5
Japanese medlar (see loquat)............................... 11
Japanese mustard (see mizuna).............................. 5
Japanese pear (see oriental pear).......................... 11
Japanese plum.............................................. 12
Japanese radish (see radish, oriental)..................... 1
Japanese squash (see Chinese waxgourd)..................... 9
Jerusalem artichoke........................................ 1
Jicama (see yam bean)...................................... 1
Juniper berry.............................................. 19
Kai choy (see cabbage, Chinese mustard).................... 5
Kai lan (see broccoli, Chinese)............................ 5
Kale....................................................... 5
Kalonji (see caraway, black)............................... 19
Kidney bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.)).................... 6
Kintsai (see celery, Chinese).............................. 4
Kohlrabi................................................... 5
Komatsuna (see mustard spinach)............................ 5
Kudzu (forage, fodder, straw, hay)......................... 18
Kumquat.................................................... 10
Kunchoi (see celery, Chinese).............................. 4
Kyona (see cabbage, Chinese mustard)....................... 5
Lablab bean................................................ 6
Lablab bean (foliage)...................................... 7
Lavacaberry (see blackberry)............................... 13
Lavender................................................... 19
Leaf lettuce (see lettuce)................................. 4
Leafy amaranth (see amaranth).............................. 4
Leek....................................................... 3
Leek, flowering (see chive, Chinese)....................... 19
Lemon...................................................... 10
Lemon balm (see balm)...................................... 19
Lemongrass................................................. 19
Lentil..................................................... 6
Lentil (foliage)........................................... 7
Leren...................................................... 1
Lespedeza (forage, fodder, straw, hay)..................... 18
Lesser Asiatic yam (see yam, true)......................... 1
Lettuce.................................................... 4
Lima bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.))...................... 6
Lime....................................................... 10
Lipstick plant (see annatto seed).......................... 19
Lobok (see radish, oriental)............................... 1
Lo pak (see radish, oriental).............................. 1
Loganberry................................................. 13
Loquat..................................................... 11
Lovage (leaf and seed)..................................... 19
Lowberry (see blackberry).................................. 13
Lucretiaberry (see blackberry)............................. 13
Lupin (foliage)............................................ 7
Lupin (forage, fodder, straw, hay)......................... 18
Lupin (grain) (see bean (Lupinus spp.)).................... 6
Lupine (see lupin)......................................... 6
Macadamia nut.............................................. 14
Mace....................................................... 19
Malabar cardamom (see cardamom)............................ 19
Malabar spinach (see spinach, vine)........................ 4
Mammoth blackberry (see blackberry)........................ 13
Mandarin................................................... 10
Mango melon (see muskmelon)................................ 9
Mango squash (see chayote)................................. 9
Manioc (see cassava)....................................... 1
Manioc pea (see yam bean).................................. 1
Marigold................................................... 19
Marionberry (see blackberry)............................... 13
Marjoram (Origanum spp.)................................... 19
Marrow (see squash, summer)................................ 9
Marrow, vegetable (see squash, summer)..................... 9
Marrow, custard (see chayote (fruit))...................... 9
Mayhaw..................................................... 11
Melegueta pepper (see grains of paradise).................. 19
Melons..................................................... 9
Mexican husk tomato (see tomatillo)........................ 8
Mexican parsley (see coriander (cilantro) (leaf)........... 19
Mexican water chestnut (see yam bean)...................... 1
Mibuna (see mizuna)........................................ 5
Milk vetch (forage, fodder, straw, hay).................... 18
Millet..................................................... 15
Millet (forage, fodder, straw)............................. 16
Milo (see sorghum)......................................... 15
Mizuna..................................................... 5
Mo qua (see Chinese waxgourd).............................. 9
Momordica spp.............................................. 9
Moth bean (see bean (Vigna spp.)).......................... 6
Multiplier onion (see onion, Welsh)........................ 3
Mung bean (see bean (Vigna spp.)).......................... 6
Muskmelon.................................................. 9
Mustard cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese mustard)............. 5
Mustard greens............................................. 5
Mustard seed............................................... 19
Mustard spinach............................................ 5
Mysore cardamom (see cardamom)............................. 19
Napa cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese (napa))................. 5
Nashi (see pear, oriental)................................. 11
Nasturtium................................................. 19
Navy bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.))...................... 6
Nectarberry (see blackberry)............................... 13
Nectarine.................................................. 12
New Zealand spinach........................................ 4
No-eye pea (see pigeon pea)................................ 6
Nutmeg..................................................... 19
Oat........................................................ 15
Oat (forage, fodder, straw)................................ 16
Okra, Chinese (see gourd, edible).......................... 9
Olallieberry (see blackberry).............................. 13
Onion...................................................... 3
Orach...................................................... 4
Orange, sour............................................... 10
Orange, sweet.............................................. 10
Oregano (see marjoram)..................................... 19
Oregon evergreen berry (see blackberry).................... 13
Oriental garlic (see chive, Chinese)....................... 19
Oriental pear.............................................. 11
Oriental radish............................................ 1
Oriental radish (foliage).................................. 2
Oyster plant (see salsify)................................. 1
Pak choy (see cabbage, Chinese cabbage (bok choy))......... 5
Pak tsoi sum (see cabbage, Chinese cabbage (bok choy))..... 5
Parsley.................................................... 4
Parsley, Chinese (see coriander)........................... 19
Parsley (dried)............................................ 19
Parsley, turnip-rooted..................................... 1
Parsnip.................................................... 1
[[Page 26633]]
Parsnip (foliage).......................................... 2
Pea (Pisum spp.)........................................... 6
Pea (foliage).............................................. 7
Peach...................................................... 12
Pear....................................................... 11
Pear, balsam (see Momordica spp.).......................... 9
Pearl millet............................................... 15
Pearl millet (forage, fodder, straw)....................... 16
Pecan...................................................... 14
Peking cabbage (see cabbage, Chinese (napa))............... 5
Pennyroyal................................................. 19
Pepino..................................................... 8
Pepper (Capsicum spp.)..................................... 8
Pepper, black.............................................. 19
Pepper, white.............................................. 19
Persian melon (see muskmelon).............................. 9
Persian walnut (see walnut, English)....................... 14
Pe-tsai (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy)).................. 5
Phenomenalberry (see blackberry)........................... 13
Pigeon pea................................................. 6
Pigeon pea (foliage)....................................... 7
Pimento (see pepper (Capsicum spp.))....................... 8
Pineapple melon (see muskmelon)............................ 9
Pinto bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.))..................... 6
Plum....................................................... 12
Plumcot.................................................... 12
Pomelo (see pummelo)....................................... 10
Popcorn.................................................... 15
Popcorn (forage, fodder)................................... 16
Poppy seed................................................. 19
Pot marjoram (see marjoram)................................ 19
Potato bean (see yam bean)................................. 1
Potherb mustard (see mizuna)............................... 5
Potato..................................................... 1
Potato bean (see yam bean)................................. 1
Proso millet............................................... 15
Proso millet (forage, fodder, straw)....................... 16
Prune (fresh).............................................. 12
Prune plum (see prune (fresh))............................. 12
Pummelo.................................................... 10
Pumpkin.................................................... 9
Purple arrowroot (see canna, edible)....................... 1
Purslane, garden........................................... 4
Purslane, winter........................................... 4
Queensland arrowroot (see canna, edible)................... 1
Queensland nut (see macadamia nut)......................... 14
Quince..................................................... 11
Radicchio.................................................. 4
Radish..................................................... 1
Radish (foliage)........................................... 2
Rangeberry (see blackberry)................................ 13
Rape greens................................................ 5
Rapini (see broccoli raab)................................. 5
Raspberry, black........................................... 13
Raspberry, red............................................. 13
Ravenberry (see blackberry)................................ 13
Recao (see culantro)....................................... 19
Recaito (see culantro)..................................... 19
Red chicory (see radicchio)................................ 4
Red gram (see pigeon pea).................................. 6
Red raspberry.............................................. 13
Rhubarb.................................................... 4
Rice....................................................... 15
Rice (forage, fodder, straw)............................... 16
Rice bean (see bean (Vigna spp.)).......................... 6
Rocket salad (see arugula)................................. 4
Roquette (see arugula)..................................... 4
Rosemary................................................... 19
Rossberry (see blackberry)................................. 13
Rucola (see arugula)....................................... 4
Rue........................................................ 19
Runner bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.)).................... 6
Rutabaga................................................... 1
Rutabaga (foliage)......................................... 2
Rye........................................................ 15
Rye (forage, fodder, straw)................................ 16
Saffron.................................................... 19
Sage....................................................... 19
Sainfoin (forage, fodder, straw, hay)...................... 18
Salsify.................................................... 1
Salsify, black (foliage)................................... 2
Sandpear (see pear, oriental).............................. 11
Santa Claus melon (see muskmelon).......................... 9
Satsuma mandarin........................................... 10
Savory, summer............................................. 19
Savory, winter............................................. 19
Seville orange (see orange, sour).......................... 10
Scallop squash (see squash, summer)........................ 9
Shaddock (see pummelo)..................................... 10
Shallot.................................................... 3
Shawnee blackberry (see blackberry)........................ 13
Skirret.................................................... 1
Small cardamom (see cardamom).............................. 19
Snake melon (see muskmelon)................................ 9
Snap bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.))...................... 6
Snow pea (see pea (Pisum spp.))............................ 6
Sorghum.................................................... 15
Sorghum (forage, fodder, straw)............................ 16
Sorrel (see dock).......................................... 4
Sour cherry (see tart cherry).............................. 12
Sour orange................................................ 10
Southern pea (see bean (Vigna spp.))....................... 6
Southernwood (see wormwood)................................ 19
Soybean.................................................... 6
Soybean (foliage).......................................... 7
Soybean (immature seeds) (edible-pod)...................... 6
Spaghetti squash (see squash, winter)...................... 9
Spanish salsify............................................ 1
Spinach.................................................... 4
Spiny coriander (see culantro)............................. 19
Sprouting broccoli (see broccoli).......................... 5
Squash, summer............................................. 9
Squash, winter............................................. 9
Star anise................................................. 19
Stem turnip (see kohlrabi)................................. 5
Straightneck squash (see squash, summer)................... 9
String bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.) (snap bean))........ 6
Sugar beet................................................. 1
Sugar beet (foliage)....................................... 2
Sugar pea (see pea (Pisum spp.) (snow pea))................ 6
Sugar snap pea (see pea Pisum spp.)........................ 6
Sunchoke (see Jerusalem artichoke)......................... 1
Summer savory.............................................. 19
Summer squash.............................................. 9
Swede (see rutabaga)....................................... 1
Sweet Alice (see anise).................................... 19
Sweet anise (see fennel, Florence)......................... 4
Sweet bay.................................................. 19
Sweet cassava.............................................. 1
Sweet cassava (foliage).................................... 2
Sweet cherry............................................... 12
Sweet clover (see clover).................................. 18
Sweet corn (see corn)...................................... 15
Sweet fennel (see fennel, Florence)........................ 4
Sweet fennel (seed) (see fennel, Florence (seed)).......... 19
Sweet lupin (see bean (Lupinus spp.))...................... 6
Sweet marjoram (see marjoram).............................. 19
Sweet orange............................................... 10
Sweet pepper (see pepper (Capsicum spp.)).................. 8
Sweet potato............................................... 1
Sweet potato (foliage)..................................... 2
Swiss chard................................................ 4
Sword bean................................................. 6
Sword bean (foliage)....................................... 7
Table beet (see beet, garden).............................. 1
Tampala (see amaranth)..................................... 4
Tangelo (see citrus hybrids)............................... 10
Tangerine (see mandarin)................................... 10
Tangor (see citrus hybrids)................................ 10
Tanier..................................................... 1
Tanier (foliage)........................................... 2
Tansy...................................................... 19
Taro (see dasheen)......................................... 1
Tarragon................................................... 19
Tart cherry................................................ 12
Teosinte................................................... 15
Teosinte (forage, fodder, straw)........................... 16
Tepary bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.)).................... 6
Thousand-veined mustard (see mizuna)....................... 5
Thyme...................................................... 19
Tiger nut (see chufa)...................................... 1
Tomatillo.................................................. 8
Tomato..................................................... 8
Tree melon (see pepino).................................... 8
Trefoil (forage, fodder, straw, hay)....................... 18
Triticale.................................................. 15
Triticale (forage, fodder, straw).......................... 16
True cantaloupe (see muskmelon)............................ 9
True yam................................................... 1
True yam (foliage)......................................... 2
Tsai shim (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))................ 5
Tsoi sim (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy))................. 5
[[Page 26634]]
Turmeric................................................... 1
Turnip..................................................... 1
Turnip (foliage)........................................... 2
Turnip-rooted chervil...................................... 1
Turnip-rooted chervil (foliage)............................ 2
Turnip-rooted parsley...................................... 1
Ugli (see pummelo)......................................... 10
Upland cress............................................... 4
Urd bean (see bean (Vigna spp.))........................... 6
U-toy (see cabbage, Chinese (bok choy)).................... 5
Vanilla.................................................... 19
Vegetable marrow (see squash, summer)...................... 9
Vegetable pear (see chayote)............................... 9
Velvet bean (forage, fodder, straw, hay)................... 18
Vetch (forage, fodder, straw, hay)......................... 18
Vine spinach............................................... 4
Walnut..................................................... 14
Watermelon................................................. 9
Wax bean (see bean (Phaseolus spp.))....................... 6
Waxgourd, Chinese.......................................... 9
Welsh onion................................................ 3
Wheat...................................................... 15
Wheat (forage, fodder, straw).............................. 16
White flowering broccoli (see broccoli, Chinese)........... 5
White lupin (see bean (Lupinus spp.))...................... 6
White pepper............................................... 19
White sweet lupin (see bean (Lupinus spp.))................ 6
White potato (see potato).................................. 1
Wild marjoram (see marjoram)............................... 19
Wild rice.................................................. 15
Wild rice (forage, fodder, straw).......................... 16
Winter cress (see cress, upland)........................... 4
Winter melon (see waxgourd, Chinese)....................... 9
Winter purslane............................................ 4
Winter radish (see radish, oriental)....................... 1
Winter savory.............................................. 19
Winter squash.............................................. 9
Wintergreen................................................ 19
Wong bok (see cabbage, Chinese (napa))..................... 5
Woodruff................................................... 19
Wormwood................................................... 19
Yam, true.................................................. 1
Yam, true (foliage)........................................ 2
Yam bean................................................... 1
Yardlong bean (see bean (Vigna spp.))...................... 6
Yellow rocket (see cress, upland).......................... 4
Yellow sweet clover (see clover)........................... 18
Yellow yam (see yam, true)................................. 1
Youngberry (see blackberry)................................ 13
Zucchini (see squash, summer).............................. 9
------------------------------------------------------------------------
VIII. Electronic Copies of Objections and Hearing Requests
A record has been established for this rulemaking under docket
number [OPP-300269A] (including any objections and hearing requests
submitted electronically as described below). A public version of this
record, including printed, paper versions of electronic comments, which
does not include any information claimed as CBI, is available for
inspection from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding
legal holidays. The public record is located in Room 1132 of the Public
Response and Program Resources Branch, Field Operations Division
(7506C), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency,
Crystal Mall #2, 1921 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA.
Written objections and hearing requests, identified by the document
control number [OPP-300269A], may be submitted to the Hearing Clerk
(1900), Environmental Protection Agency, Rm. 3708, 401 M St., SW.,
Washington, DC 20460.
A copy of electronic objections and hearing requests filed with the
Hearing Clerk can be sent directly to EPA at:
opp-Docket@epamail.epa.gov
A copy of electronic objections and hearing requests filed with the
Hearing Clerk must be submitted as an ASCII file avoiding the use of
special characters and any form of encryption.
The official record for this rulemaking, as well as the public
version, as described above will be kept in paper form. Accordingly,
EPA will transfer any objections and hearing requests received
electronically into printed, paper form as they are received and will
place the paper copies in the official rulemaking record which will
also include all objections and hearing requests submitted directly in
writing. The official rulemaking record is the paper record maintained
at the address in ``ADDRESSES'' at the beginning of this document.
IX. Regulatory Requirements
A. Executive Order 12866
Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, Oct. 4, 1993), the Agency
must determine whether the regulatory action is ``significant'' and
therefore subject to all the requirements of the Executive Order (i.e.,
Regulatory Impact Analysis, review by the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB)). Under section 3(f), the order defines ``significant'' as
those actions likely to lead to a rule (1) having an annual effect on
the economy of $100 million or more, or adversely and materially
affecting a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the
environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or tribal
governments or communities (also known as ``economically
significant''); (2) creating serious inconsistency or otherwise
interfering with an action taken or planned by another agency; (3)
materially altering the budgetary impacts of entitlement, grants, user
fees, or loan programs; or (4) raising novel legal or policy issues
arising out of legal mandates, the President's priorities, or the
principles set forth in this Executive Order.
Pursuant to the terms of this Executive Order, EPA has determined
that this rule is not ``significant'' and is therefore not subject to
OMB review.
B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
This regulatory action has been reviewed under the provisions of
section 3(a) of the Regulatory Flexibility Act, and EPA has determined
that it will not have a significant adverse economic impact on a
substantial number of small businesses, small governments, or small
organizations.
As this regulatory action is intended to simplify established
policy, it is expected that no adverse economic impact will occur on
any small entity.
Accordingly, EPA certifies that this regulatory action does not
require a separate regulatory flexibility analysis under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act.
C. Paperwork Reduction Act
This rule contains no information collection requirements subject
to the Paperwork Reduction Act.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180
Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedures,
Agricultural commodities, Pesticides and pests, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Dated: May 5, 1995.
Lynn R. Goldman,
Assistant Administrator for Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances
Therefore, 40 CFR part 180 is amended as follows:
PART 180--[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 346a and 371.
2. In Sec. 180.1, by revising paragraph (g), to read as follows:
Sec. 180.1 Definitions and interpretations.
* * * * *
(g) For the purpose of computing fees as required by Sec. 180.33,
each group of related crops listed in Sec. 180.34(e) and each crop
group or subgroup listed in Sec. 180.41 is counted as a single raw
agricultural commodity in a petition or [[Page 26635]] request for
tolerances or exemption from the requirement of a tolerance.
Sec. 180.34 [Amended]
3. By amending Sec. 180.34 Tests on the amount of residue remaining
by removing paragraph (f).
4. By adding new Sec. 180.40, to read as follows:
Sec. 180.40 Tolerances for crop groups.
(a) Group or subgroup tolerances may be established as a result of:
(1) A petition from a person who has submitted an application for
the registration of a pesticide under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act.
(2) On the initiative of the Administrator.
(3) A petition by an interested person.
(b) The tables in Sec. 180.41 are to be used in conjunction with
this section for the establishment of crop group tolerances. Each table
in Sec. 180.41 lists a group of raw agricultural commodities that are
considered to be related for the purposes of this section. Refer also
to Sec. 180.1(h) for a listing of commodities for which established
tolerances may be applied to certain other related and similar
commodities.
(c) When there is an established or proposed tolerance for all of
the representative commodities for a specific group or subgroup of
related commodities, a tolerance may be established for all commodities
in the associated group or subgroup. Tolerances may be established for
a crop group or, alternatively, tolerances may be established for one
or more of the subgroups of a crop group.
(d) The representative crops are given as an indication of the
minimum residue chemistry data base acceptable to the Agency for the
purposes of establishing a group tolerance. The Agency may, at its
discretion, allow group tolerances when data on suitable substitutes
for the representative crops are available (e.g., limes instead of
lemons).
(e) Since a group tolerance reflects maximum residues likely to
occur on all individual crops within a group, the proposed or
registered patterns of use for all crops in the group or subgroup must
be similar before a group tolerance is established. The pattern of use
consists of the amount of pesticide applied, the number of times
applied, the timing of the first application, the interval between
applications, and the interval between the last application and
harvest. The pattern of use will also include the type of application;
for example, soil or foliar application, or application by ground or
aerial equipment.
(f) When the crop grouping contains commodities or byproducts that
are utilized for animal feed, any needed tolerance or exemption from a
tolerance for the pesticide in meat, milk, poultry and/or eggs must be
established before a tolerance will be granted for the group as a
whole. The representative crops include all crops in the group that
could be processed such that residues may concentrate in processed food
and/or feed. Processing data will be required prior to establishment of
a group tolerance, and food additive tolerances will not be granted on
a group basis.
(g) If maximum residues (tolerances) for the representative crops
vary by more than a factor of 5 from the maximum value observed for any
crop in the group, a group or subgroup tolerance will ordinarily not be
established. In this case individual crop tolerances, rather than group
tolerances, will normally be established.
(h) Alternatively, a commodity with a residue level significantly
higher or lower than the other commodities in a group may be excluded
from the group tolerance (e.g., cereal grains, except corn). In this
case an individual tolerance at the appropriate level for the unique
commodity would be established, if necessary. The alternative approach
of excluding a commodity with a significantly higher or lower residue
level will not be used to establish a tolerance for a commodity
subgroup. Most subgroups have only two representative commodities; to
exclude one such commodity and its related residue data would likely
provide insufficient residue information to support the remainder of
the subgroup. Residue data from crops additional to those
representative crops in a grouping may be required for systemic
pesticides.
(i) The commodities included in the groups will be updated
periodically either at the initiative of the Agency or at the request
of an interested party. Persons interested in updating this section
should contact the Registration Division of the Office of Pesticide
Programs.
(j) Establishment of a tolerance does not substitute for the
additional need to register the pesticide under a companion law, the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. The Registration
Division of the Office of Pesticide Programs should be contacted
concerning procedures for registration of new uses of a pesticide.
5. By adding new Sec. 180.41, to read as follows:
Sec. 180.41 Crop group tables.
(a) The tables in this section are to be used in conjunction with
Sec. 180.40 to establish crop group tolerances.
(b) Commodities not listed are not considered as included in the
groups for the purposes of this paragraph, and individual tolerances
must be established. Miscellaneous commodities intentionally not
included in any group include asparagus, avocado, banana, cranberry,
fig, globe artichoke, grape, hops, kiwifruit, mango, mushroom, okra,
papaya, pawpaw, peanut, persimmon, pineapple, strawberry, water
chestnut, and watercress.
(c) Each group is identified by a group name and consists of a list
of representative commodities followed by a list of all commodity
members for the group. If the group includes subgroups, each subgroup
lists the subgroup name, the representative commodity or commodities,
and the member commodities for the subgroup. Subgroups, which are a
subset of their associated crop group, are established for some but not
all crops groups.
(1) Crop Group 1: Root and Tuber Vegetables Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Carrot, potato, radish, and sugar
beet.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 1 and identifies the related crop subgroups.
Table 1--Crop Group 1: Root and Tuber Vegetables
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza)............. 1-C, 1-D
Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea)................ 1-C, 1-D
Artichoke, Chinese (Stachys affinis)........... 1-C, 1-D
Artichoke, Jerusalem (Helianthus tuberosus).... 1-C, 1-D
Beet, garden (Beta vulgaris)................... 1-A, 1-B
Beet, sugar (Beta vulgaris).................... 1-A
[[Page 26636]]
Burdock, edible (Arctium lappa)................ 1-A, 1-B
Canna, edible (Queensland arrowroot) (Canna
indica)....................................... 1-C, 1-D
Carrot (Daucus carota)......................... 1-A, 1-B
Cassava, bitter and sweet (Manihot esculenta).. 1-C, 1-D
Celeriac (celery root) (Apium graveolens var.
rapaceum)..................................... 1-A, 1-B
Chayote (root) (Sechium edule)................. 1-C, 1-D
Chervil, turnip-rooted (Chaerophyllum
bulbosum)..................................... 1-A, 1-B
Chicory (Cichorium intybus).................... 1-A, 1-B
Chufa (Cyperus esculentus)..................... 1-C, 1-D
Dasheen (taro) (Colocasia esculenta)........... 1-C, 1-D
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)................... 1-C, 1-D
Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius).................. 1-A, 1-B
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana).............. 1-A, 1-B
Leren (Calathea allouia)....................... 1-C, 1-D
Parsley, turnip-rooted (Petroselinum crispum
var. tuberosum)............................... 1-A, 1-B
Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)..................... 1-A, 1-B
Potato (Solanum tuberosum)..................... 1-C
Radish (Raphanus sativus)...................... 1-A, 1-B
Radish, oriental (daikon) (Raphanus sativus
subvar. longipinnatus)........................ 1-A, 1-B
Rutabaga (Brassica campestris var.
napobrassica)................................. 1-A, 1-B
Salsify (oyster plant) (Tragopogon
porrifolius).................................. 1-A, 1-B
Salsify, black (Scorzonera hispanica).......... 1-A, 1-B
Salsify, Spanish (Scolymus hispanicus)......... 1-A, 1-B
Skirret (Sium sisarum)......................... 1-A, 1-B
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)................. 1-C, 1-D
Tanier (cocoyam) (Xanthosoma sagittifolium).... 1-C, 1-D
Turmeric (Curcuma longa)....................... 1-C, 1-D
Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa)............... 1-A, 1-B
Yam bean (jicama, manoic pea) (Pachyrhizus
spp.)......................................... 1-C, 1-D
Yam, true (Dioscorea spp.)..................... 1-C, 1-D
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroups
for Crop Group 1, specifies the representative commodity(ies) for each
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in each subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 1 Subgroup Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 1-A. Root
vegetables subgroup.
Carrot, radish, and sugar beet. Beet, garden; beet, sugar; burdock,
edible; carrot; celeriac; chervil,
turnip-rooted; chicory; ginseng;
horseradish; parsley, turnip-rooted;
parsnip; radish; radish, oriental;
rutabaga; salsify; salsify, black;
salsify, Spanish; skirret; turnip.
Crop Subgroup 1-B. Root
vegetables (except sugar beet)
subgroup.
Carrot and radish.............. Beet, garden; burdock, edible; carrot;
celeriac; chervil, turnip-rooted;
chicory; ginseng; horseradish;
parsley, turnip-rooted; parsnip;
radish; radish, oriental; rutabaga;
salsify; salsify, black; salsify,
Spanish; skirret; turnip.
Crop Subgroup 1-C. Tuberous and
corm vegetables subgroup.
Potato......................... Arracacha; arrowroot; artichoke,
Chinese; artichoke, Jerusalem; canna,
edible; cassava, bitter and sweet;
chayote (root); chufa; dasheen;
ginger; leren; potato; sweet potato;
tanier; turmeric; yam bean; yam, true.
Crop Subgroup 1-D. Tuberous and
corm vegetables (except potato)
subgroup.
Sweet potato. Arracacha; arrowroot; artichoke,
Chinese; artichoke, Jerusalem; canna,
edible; cassava, bitter and sweet;
chayote (root); chufa; dasheen;
ginger; leren; sweet potato; tanier;
turmeric; yam bean; yam, true.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Crop Group 2. Leaves of Root and Tuber Vegetables (Human Food
or Animal Feed) Group (Human Food or Animal Feed) Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Turnip and garden beet or sugar
beet.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 2:
Crop Group 2: Leaves of Root and Tuber Vegetables (Human Food or Animal
Feed) Group--Commodities
Beet, garden (Beta vulgaris)
Beet, sugar (Beta vulgaris)
Burdock, edible (Arctium lappa)
Carrot (Daucus carota)
Cassava, bitter and sweet (Manihot esculenta)
Celeriac (celery root) (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum)
Chervil, turnip-rooted (Chaerophyllum bulbosum)
Chicory (Cichorium intybus) [[Page 26637]]
Dasheen (taro) (Colocasia esculenta)
Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
Radish (Raphanus sativus)
Radish, oriental (daikon) (Raphanus sativus subvar. longipinnatus)
Rutabaga (Brassica campestris var. napobrassica)
Salsify, black (Scorzonera hispanica)
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Tanier (cocoyam) (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)
Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa)
Yam, true (Dioscorea spp.)
(3) Crop Group 3. Bulb Vegetables (Allium spp.) Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Onion, green; and onion, dry bulb.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities in
Crop Group 3:
Crop Group 3: Bulb Vegetables (Allium spp.) Group --Commodities
Garlic (Allium sativum)
Garlic, great-headed (elephant) (Allium ampeloprasum var.
ampeloprasum)
Leek (Allium ampeloprasum, A. porrum, A. tricoccum)
Onion, dry bulb and green (Allium cepa, A. fistulosum)
Onion, Welch (Allium fistulosum)
Shallot (Allium cepa var. cepa)
(4) Crop Group 4. Leafy Vegetables (Except Brassica Vegetables)
Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Celery, head lettuce, leaf lettuce,
and spinach (Spinacia oleracea).
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 4 and identifies the related crop subgroups.
Table 1--Crop Group 4: Leafy Vegetables (Except BRASSICA Vegetables)
Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amaranth (leafy amaranth, Chinese spinach,
tampala) (Amaranthus spp.).................... 4-A
Arugula (Roquette) (Eruca sativa).............. 4-A
Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus)................... 4-B
Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce)........... 4-B
Celery, Chinese (Apium graveolens var.
secalinum).................................... 4-B
Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. angustana)........ 4-B
Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)................ 4-A
Chrysanthemum, edible-leaved (Chrysanthemum
coronarium var. coronarium)................... 4-A
Chrysanthemum, garland (Chrysanthemum
coronarium var. spatiosum).................... 4-A
Corn salad (Valerianella locusta).............. 4-A
Cress, garden (Lepidium sativum)............... 4-A
Cress, upland (yellow rocket, winter cress)
(Barbarea vulgaris)........................... 4-A
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)............... 4-A
Dock (sorrel) (Rumex spp.)..................... 4-A
Endive (escarole) (Cichorium endivia).......... 4-A
Fennel, Florence (finochio) (Foeniculum vulgare
Azoricum Group)............................... 4-B
Lettuce, head and leaf (Lactuca sativa)........ 4-A
Orach (Atriplex hortensis)..................... 4-A
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)................. 4-A
Purslane, garden (Portulaca oleracea).......... 4-A
Purslane, winter (Montia perfoliata)........... 4-A
Radicchio (red chicory) (Cichorium intybus).... 4-A
Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum).................... 4-B
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea).................... 4-A
Spinach, New Zealand (Tetragonia
tetragonioides, T. expansa)................... 4-A
Spinach, vine (Malabar spinach, Indian spinach)
(Basella alba)................................ 4-A
Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla)......... 4-B
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroups
for Crop Group 4, specifies the representative commodities for each
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in each subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 4 Subgroup Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 4-A. Leafy greens
subgroup.
Head lettuce and leaf lettuce, Amaranth; arugula; chervil;
and spinach (Spinacia chrysanthemum, edible-leaved;
oleracea). chrysanthemum, garland; corn salad;
cress, garden; cress, upland;
dandelion; dock; endive; lettuce;
orach; parsley; purslane, garden;
purslane, winter; radicchio (red
chicory); spinach; spinach, New
Zealand; spinach, vine.
Crop Subgroup 4-B. Leaf
petioles subgroup.
Celery......................... Cardoon; celery; celery, Chinese;
celtuce; fennel, Florence; rhubarb;
Swiss chard.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5) Crop Group 5. Brassica (Cole) Leafy Vegetables Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Broccoli or cauliflower; cabbage;
and mustard greens.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 5 and identifies the related crop subgroups.
[[Page 26638]]
Table 1--Crop Group 5: Brassica (Cole) Leafy Vegetables
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)..... 5-A
Broccoli, Chinese (gai lon) (Brassica
alboglabra)................................... 5-A
Broccoli raab (rapini) (Brassica campestris)... 5-B
Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var.
gemmifera).................................... 5-A
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea).................... 5-A
Cabbage, Chinese (bok choy) (Brassica chinensis
)............................................. 5-B
Cabbage, Chinese (napa) (Brassica pekinensis).. 5-A
Cabbage, Chinese mustard (gai choy) (Brassica
campestris)................................... 5-A
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis).. 5-A
Cavalo broccolo (Brassica oleracea var.
botrytis)..................................... 5-A
Collards (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)..... 5-B
Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)......... 5-B
Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)... 5-A
Mizuna (Brassica rapa Japonica Group).......... 5-B
Mustard greens (Brassica juncea)............... 5-B
Mustard spinach (Brassica rapa Perviridis
Group)........................................ 5-B
Rape greens (Brassica napus)................... 5-B
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroups
for Crop Group 5, specifies the representative commodity(ies) for each
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in each subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 5 Subgroup Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 5-A. Head and
stem Brassica subgroup
Broccoli or cauliflower; and Broccoli; broccoli, Chinese; brussels
cabbage. sprouts; cabbage; cabbage, Chinese
(napa); cabbage, Chinese mustard;
cauliflower; cavalo broccolo; kohlrabi
Crop Subgroup 5-B. Leafy
Brassica greens subgroup.
Mustard greens................. Broccoli raab; cabbage, Chinese (bok
choy); collards; kale; mizuna; mustard
greens; mustard spinach; rape greens
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(6) Crop Group 6. Legume Vegetables (Succulent or Dried) Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Bean (Phaseolus spp.; one succulent
cultivar and one dried cultivar); pea (Pisum spp.; one succulent
cultivar and one dried cultivar); and soybean.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 6 and identifies the related crop subgroups.
Table 1--Crop Group 6: Legume Vegetables (Succulent or Dried)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bean (Lupinus spp.) (includes grain lupin,
sweet lupin, white lupin, and white sweet
lupin)........................................ 6-C
Bean (Phaseolus spp.) (includes field bean,
kidney bean, lima bean, navy bean, pinto bean,
runner bean, snap bean, tepary bean, wax bean) 6-A, 6-B, 6-C
Bean (Vigna spp.) (includes adzuki bean,
asparagus bean, blackeyed pea, catjang,
Chinese longbean, cowpea, Crowder pea, moth
bean, mung bean, rice bean, southern pea, urd
bean, yardlong bean).......................... 6-A, 6-B, 6-C
Broad bean (fava bean) (Vicia faba)............ 6-B, 6-C
Chickpea (garbanzo bean) (Cicer arietinum)..... 6-C
Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)................. 6-C
Jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis)................ 6-A
Lablab bean (hyacinth bean) (Lablab purpureus). 6-C
Lentil (Lens esculenta)........................ 6-C
Pea (Pisum spp.) (includes dwarf pea, edible-
pod pea, English pea, field pea, garden pea,
green pea, snow pea, sugar snap pea).......... 6-A, 6-B, 6-C
Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan)..................... 6-A, 6-B, 6-C
Soybean (Glycine max).......................... N/A
Soybean (immature seed) (Glycine max).......... 6-A
Sword bean (Canavalia gladiata)................ 6-A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroups
for Crop Group 6, specifies the representative commodities for each
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in each subgroup.
[[Page 26639]]
Table 2--Crop Group 6 Subgroup Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 6-A. Edible-
podded legume vegetables
subgroup.
Any one succulent cultivar of Bean (Phaseolus spp.) (includes runner
edible-podded bean (Phaseolus bean, snap bean, wax bean); bean
spp.) and any one succulent (Vigna spp.) (includes asparagus bean,
cultivar of edible-podded pea Chinese longbean, moth bean, yardlong
(Pisum spp.).. bean); jackbean; pea (Pisum spp.)
(includes dwarf pea, edible-pod pea,
snow pea, sugar snap pea); pigeon pea;
soybean (immature seed); sword bean.
Crop Subgroup 6-B. Succulent
shelled pea and bean subgroup.
Any succulent shelled cultivar Bean (Phaseolus spp.) (includes lima
of bean (Phaseolus spp.) and bean (green)); broad bean (succulent);
garden pea (Pisum spp.).. bean (Vigna spp.) (includes blackeyed
pea, cowpea, southern pea); pea (Pisum
spp.) (includes English pea, garden
pea, green pea); pigeon pea.
Crop Subgroup 6-C. Dried
shelled pea and bean (except
soybean) subgroup
Any one dried cultivar of bean Dried cultivars of bean (Lupinus spp.)
(Phaseolus spp.); and any one (includes grain lupin, sweet lupin,
dried cultivar of pea (Pisum white lupin, and white sweet lupin);
spp.). (Phaseolus spp.) (includes field bean,
kidney bean, lima bean (dry), navy
bean, pinto bean; tepary bean; bean
(Vigna spp.) (includes adzuki bean,
blackeyed pea, catjang, cowpea,
Crowder pea, moth bean, mung bean,
rice bean, southern pea, urd bean);
broad bean (dry); chickpea; guar;
lablab bean; lentil; pea (Pisum spp.)
(includes field pea); pigeon pea.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(7) Crop Group 7. Foliage of Legume Vegetables Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Any cultivar of bean (Phaseolus
spp.), field pea (Pisum spp.), and soybean.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists the commodities included in
Crop Group 7.
Table 1--Crop Group 7: Foliage of Legume Vegetables Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Any cultivar of bean (Phaseolus Plant parts of any legume vegetable
spp.) and field pea (Pisum included in the legume vegetables that
spp.), and soybean ( Glycine will be used as animal feed.
max).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroup for
Crop Group 7 and specifies the representative commodities for the
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in the subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 7 Subgroup Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 7-A. Foliage of
legume vegetables (except
soybeans) subgroup
Any cultivar of bean (Phaseolus Plant parts of any legume vegetable
spp.), and field pea (Pisum (except soybeans) included in the
spp.). legume vegetables group that will be
used as animal feed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(8) Crop Group 8. Fruiting Vegetables (Except Cucurbits) Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Tomato, bell pepper, and one
cultivar of non-bell pepper.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 8:
Crop Group 8: Fruiting Vegetables (Except Cucurbits)--Commodities
Eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Groundcherry (Physalis spp.)
Pepino (Solanum muricatum)
Pepper (Capsicum spp.) (includes bell pepper, chili pepper, cooking
pepper, pimento, sweet pepper)
Tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa)
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
(9) Crop Group 9. Cucurbit Vegetables Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Cucumber, muskmelon, and summer
squash.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 9 and identifies the related subgroups.
[[Page 26640]]
Table 1--Crop Group 9: Cucurbit Vegetables
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chayote (fruit) (Sechium edule)................ 9-B
Chinese waxgourd (Chinese preserving melon)
(Benincasa hispida)........................... 9-B
Citron melon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) 9-A
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)..................... 9-B
Gherkin (Cucumis anguria)...................... 9-B
Gourd, edible (Lagenaria spp.) (includes
hyotan, cucuzza); (Luffa acutangula, L.
cylindrica) (includes hechima, Chinese okra).. 9-B
Momordica spp. (includes balsam apple, balsam
pear, bitter melon, Chinese cucumber)......... 9-B
Muskmelon (hybrids and/or cultivars of Cucumis
melo) (includes true cantaloupe, cantaloupe,
casaba, crenshaw melon, golden pershaw melon,
honeydew melon, honey balls, mango melon,
Persian melon, pineapple melon, Santa Claus
melon, and snake melon)....................... 9-A
Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.)....................... 9-B
Squash, summer (Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo)
(includes crookneck squash, scallop squash,
straightneck squash, vegetable marrow,
zucchini)..................................... 9-B
Squash, winter (Cucurbita maxima; C. moschata)
(includes butternut squash, calabaza, hubbard
squash); (C. mixta; C. pepo) (includes acorn
squash, spaghetti squash)..................... 9-B
Watermelon (includes hybrids and/or varieties
of Citrullus lanatus)......................... 9-A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroups
for Crop Group 9, specifies the representative commodities for each
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in each subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 9 Subgroup Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 9-A. Melon
subgroup
Cantaloupes.................... Citron melon; muskmelon; watermelon
Crop Subgroup 9-B. Squash/
cucumber subgroup.
One cultivar of summer squash Chayote (fruit); Chinese waxgourd;
and cucumber.. cucumber; gherkin; gourd, edible;
Momordica spp.; pumpkin; squash,
summer; squash, winter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(10) Crop Group 10. Citrus Fruits (Citrus spp., Fortunella spp.)
Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Sweet orange; lemon and grapefruit.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities in
Crop Group 10:
Crop Group 10: Citrus Fruits (Citrus spp., Fortunella spp.) Group--
Commodities
Calamondin (Citrus mitis X Citrofortunella mitis)
Citrus citron (Citrus medica)
Citrus hybrids (Citrus spp.) (includes chironja, tangelo, tangor)
Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi)
Kumquat (Fortunella spp.)
Lemon (Citrus jambhiri, Citrus limon)
Lime (Citrus aurantiifolia)
Mandarin (tangerine) (Citrus reticulata)
Orange, sour (Citrus aurantium)
Orange, sweet (Citrus sinensis)
Pummelo (Citrus grandis, Citrus maxima)
Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu)
(11) Crop Group 11: Pome Fruits Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Apple and pear.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 11:
Crop Group 11: Pome Fruits Group--Commodities
Apple (Malus domestica)
Crabapple (Malus spp.)
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica)
Mayhaw (Crataegus aestivalis, C. opaca, and C. rufula)
Pear (Pyrus communis)
Pear, oriental (Pyrus pyrifolia)
Quince (Cydonia oblonga)
(12) Crop Group 12. Stone Fruits Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Sweet cherry or tart cherry; peach;
and plum or fresh prune (Prunus domestica, Prunus spp.)
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 12:
Crop Group 12: Stone Fruits Group--Commodities
Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)
Cherry, sweet (Prunus avium),
Cherry, tart (Prunus cerasus)
Nectarine (Prunus persica)
Peach (Prunus persica)
Plum (Prunus domestica, Prunus spp.)
Plum, Chickasaw (Prunus angustifolia)
Plum, Damson (Prunus domestica spp. insititia)
Plum, Japanese (Prunus salicina)
Plumcot (Prunus. armeniaca X P. domestica)
Prune (fresh) (Prunus domestica, Prunus spp.)
(13) Crop Group 13. Berries Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Any one blackberry or any one
raspberry; and blueberry.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 13 and identifies the related subgroups.
[[Page 26641]]
Table 1--Crop Group 13: Berries Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Blackberry (Rubus eubatus) (including
bingleberry, black satin berry, boysenberry,
Cherokee blackberry, Chesterberry, Cheyenne
blackberry, coryberry, darrowberry, dewberry,
Dirksen thornless berry, Himalayaberry,
hullberry, Lavacaberry, lowberry,
Lucretiaberry, mammoth blackberry,
marionberry, nectarberry, olallieberry, Oregon
evergreen berry, phenomenalberry, rangeberry,
ravenberry, rossberry, Shawnee blackberry,
youngberry, and varieties and/or hybrids of
these)........................................ 13-A
Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.)..................... 13-B
Currant (Ribes spp.)........................... 13-B
Elderberry (Sambucus spp.)..................... 13-B
Gooseberry (Ribes spp.)........................ 13-B
Huckleberry (Gaylussacia spp.)................. 13-B
Loganberry (Rubus loganobaccus)................ 13-A
Raspberry, black and red (Rubus occidentalis,
Rubus strigosus, Rubus idaeus)................ 13-A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the crop subgroups
for Crop Group 13, specifies the representative commodities for each
subgroup, and lists all the commodities included in each subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 13 Subgroups Listing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 13-A. Caneberry
(blackberry and raspberry)
subgroup.
Any one blackberry or any one Blackberry; loganberry; red and black
raspberry.. raspberry; cultivars and/or hybrids of
these.
Crop Subgroup 13-B. Bushberry
subgroup..
Blueberry, highbush............ Blueberry, highbush and lowbush;
currant; elderberry; gooseberry;
huckleberry.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(14) Crop Group 14. Tree Nuts Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Almond and pecan.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 14:
Crop Group 14: Tree Nuts--Commodities
Almond (Prunus dulcis)
Beech nut (Fagus spp.)
Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa)
Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale)
Chestnut (Castanea spp.)
Chinquapin (Castanea pumila)
Filbert (hazelnut) (Corylus spp.)
Hickory nut (Carya spp.)
Macadamia nut (bush nut) (Macadamia spp.)
Pecan (Carya illinoensis)
Walnut, black and English (Persian) (Juglans spp.)
(15) Crop Group 15. Cereal Grains Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Corn (fresh sweet corn and dried
field corn), rice, sorghum, and wheat.
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 15:
Crop Group 15: Cereal Grains--Commodities
Barley (Hordeum spp.)
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Corn (Zea mays)
Millet, pearl (Pennisetum glaucum)
Millet, proso (Panicum milliaceum)
Oats (Avena spp.)
Popcorn (Zea mays var. everta)
Rice (Oryza sativa)
Rye (Secale cereale)
Sorghum (milo) (Sorghum spp.)
Teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana)
Triticale (Triticum-Secale hybrids)
Wheat (Triticum spp.)
Wild rice (Zizania aquatica)
(16) Crop Group 16. Forage, Fodder and Straw of Cereal Grains
Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Corn, wheat, and any other cereal
grain crop.
(ii) Commodities. The commodities included in Crop Group 16 are:
Forage, fodder, and straw of all commodities included in the group
cereal grains group.
(17) Crop Group 17. Grass Forage, Fodder, and Hay Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Bermuda grass; bluegrass; and
bromegrass or fescue.
(ii) Commodities. The commodities included in Crop Group 17 are:
Any grass, Gramineae family (either green or cured) except sugarcane
and those included in the cereal grains group, that will be fed to or
grazed by livestock, all pasture and range grasses and grasses grown
for hay or silage.
(18) Crop Group 18. Nongrass Animal Feeds (Forage, Fodder, Straw,
and Hay) Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Alfalfa and clover (Trifolium spp.)
(ii) Commodities. The following is a list of all the commodities
included in Crop Group 18:
Crop Group 18: Nongrass Animal Feeds (Forage, Fodder, Straw, and Hay)
Group--Commodities
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa)
Bean, velvet (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis)
Clover (Trifolium spp., Melilotus spp.)
Kudzu (Pueraria lobata)
Lespedeza (Lespedeza spp.)
Lupin (Lupinus spp.)
Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia);
Trefoil (Lotus spp.)
Vetch (Vicia spp.)
Vetch, crown (Coronilla varia)
Vetch, milk (Astragalus spp).
(19) Crop Group 19. Herbs and Spices Group.
(i) Representative commodities. Basil (fresh and dried); black
pepper; chive; and celery seed or dill seed.
(ii) Table. The following Table 1 lists all the commodities
included in Crop Group 19 and identifies the related subgroups.
[[Page 26642]]
Table 1--Crop Group 19: Herbs and Spices Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodities Related crop subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Allspice (Pimenta dioica)...................... 19-B
Angelica (Angelica archangelica)............... 19-A
Anise (anise seed) (Pimpinella anisum)......... 19-B
Anise, star (Illicium verum)................... 19-B
Annatto (seed)................................. 19-B
Balm (lemon balm) (Melissa officinalis)........ 19-A
Basil (Ocimum basilicum)....................... 19-A
Borage (Borago officinalis).................... 19-A
Burnet (Sanguisorba minor)..................... 19-A
Camomile (Anthemis nobilis).................... 19-A
Caper buds (Capparis spinosa).................. 19-B
Caraway (Carum carvi).......................... 19-B
Caraway, black (Nigella sativa)................ 19-B
Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)................ 19-B
Cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum)............ 19-B
Cassia buds (Cinnamomum aromaticum)............ 19-B
Catnip (Nepeta cataria)........................ 19-A
Celery seed (Apicum graveolens)................ 19-B
Chervil (dried) (Anthriscus cerefolium)........ 19-A
Chive (Allium schoenoprasum)................... 19-A
Chive, Chinese (Allium tuberosum).............. 19-A
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum).................... 19-B
Clary (Salvia sclarea)......................... 19-A
Clove buds (Eugenia caryophyllata)............. 19-B
Coriander (cilantro or Chinese parsley) (leaf)
(Coriandrum sativum).......................... 19-A
Coriander (cilantro) (seed) (Coriandrum
sativum)...................................... 19-B
Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita)............. 19-A
Culantro (leaf) (Eryngium foetidum)............ 19-A
Culantro (seed) (Eryngium foetidum)............ 19-B
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum)........................ 19-B
Curry (leaf) (Murraya koenigii)................ 19-A
Dill (dillweed) (Anethum graveolens)........... 19-A
Dill (seed) (Anethum graveolens)............... 19-B
Fennel (common) (Foeniculum vulgare)........... 19-B
Fennel, Florence (seed) (Foeniculum vulgare
Azoricum Group)............................... 19-B
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum)........... 19-B
Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta)....... 19-B
Horehound (Marrubium vulgare).................. 19-A
Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis).................. 19-A
Juniper berry (Juniperus communis)............. 19-B
Lavender (Lavandula officinalis)............... 19-A
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)............... 19-A
Lovage (leaf) (Levisticum officinale).......... 19-A
Lovage (seed) (Levisticum officinale).......... 19-B
Mace (Myristica fragrans)...................... 19-B
Marigold (Calendula officinalis)............... 19-A
Marjoram (Origanum spp.) (includes sweet or
annual marjoram, wild marjoram or oregano, and
pot marjoram)................................. 19-A
Mustard (seed) (Brassica juncea, B. hirta, B.
nigra)........................................ 19-B
Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus).................. 19-A
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans).................... 19-B
Parsley (dried) (Petroselinum crispum)......... 19-A
Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)................... 19-A
Pepper, black (Piper nigrum)................... 19-B
Pepper, white.................................. 19-B
Poppy (seed) (Papaver somniferum).............. 19-B
Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis)............. 19-A
Rue (Ruta graveolens).......................... 19-A
Saffron (Crocus sativus)....................... 19-B
Sage (Salvia officinalis)...................... 19-A
Savory, summer and winter (Satureja spp.)...... 19-A
Sweet bay (bay leaf) (Laurus nobilis).......... 19-A
Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)...................... 19-A
Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)............... 19-A
Thyme (Thymus spp.)............................ 19-A
Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)................... 19-B
Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens)............ 19-A
Woodruff (Galium odorata)...................... 19-A
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)................ 19-A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 26643]] (iii) Table. The following Table 2 identifies the
crop subgroups for Crop Group 19, specifies the representative
commodities for each subgroup, and lists all the commodities included
in each subgroup.
Table 2--Crop Group 19 Subgroups
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Representative commodities Commodities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop Subgroup 19-A. Herb
subgroup.
Basil (fresh and dried) and Angelica; balm; basil; borage; burnet;
chive.. camomile; catnip; chervil (dried);
chive; chive, Chinese, clary;
coriander (leaf); costmary; culantro
(leaf); curry (leaf); dillweed;
horehound; hyssop; lavender;
lemongrass; lovage (leaf); marigold;
marjoram (Origanum spp.); nasturtium;
parsley (dried); pennyroyal; rosemary;
rue; sage; savory, summer and winter;
sweet bay; tansy; tarragon; thyme;
wintergreen; woodruff; and wormwood.
Crop Subgroup 19-B. Spice
subgroup.
Black pepper; and celery seed Allspice; anise (seed); anise, star;
or dill seed.. annatto (seed); caper (buds); caraway;
caraway, black; cardamom; cassia
(buds); celery (seed); cinnamon; clove
(buds); coriander (seed); culantro
(seed); cumin; dill (seed); fennel,
common; fennel, Florence (seed);
fenugreek; grains of paradise; juniper
(berry); lovage (seed); mace; mustard
(seed); nutmeg; pepper, black; pepper,
white; poppy (seed); saffron; and
vanilla.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[FR Doc. 95-12144 Filed 5-16-95; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-F
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