done $e work. The phenomenon swept on atrow the country out of eight.
Passing within half a mile of Washaw, the storm did no damage there, but seems to have been nt its greatest intensity 2) miles northeast of that place, in’what is called the Howie Gold Mine district. Here the home of B. P. Hancock was completely destroyed, and one of the children, Ella Hancock, seri- ously injured by flying timbers. . The other members of
the famdy sustained minor injuries. Two t m m t houses
in this vicinity were wrecked, one of which was occupied by Raymopd Paxton and his family. T1i:i.t no one wtts
in’urdd is robably due to Mr. Paston’s precnution in ta h P ‘ng his amily to a deep road ditch, in which they ley Aat. A t the Howie mine a negro cabin was dcniolisliad, the occupants having taken refuge in an old mine shaft. The old mill house was blown clown on fire iiiules, oiie of which was killed and others injured. A yearling heifer was also killed. Large oak trees were twisted nnd torn out by the roots, the tramway from the shafk to the iiiill house was wrecked, and roofs ancl chimneys of other buildings were blown off. From the Howie mihe the tornado continued north- ea.stward for about 4 miles through a sparsely settled district, a parently coming to an end near Wesleys Chapel, wfich is S miles southwest, of the place wliere the April tornado began. The following descriptions of weather conditions n.t- tending the movement of this tornado have been re- ceived: From Lewis L. King,,postmaster at Washaw, N. C. :
“I saw.the tornado that passed this town on Anntlay. June 20. 1Wl.
from bepnning to end. It \VB,R a tjjpical suninicr ds.p. warm. with thunder clouds paasing over. A heavy t.hunclw clout1 had passed t.o the north of us, going northeast., a few minutes lwfore t.he hlack funnel- shaped cloud appeared. but there was jiiat a light rain in the cloud that passed hefqre the tornado and not milch rain in the tornado clnitd. There a mightv roar. somewhat like the roar of a train. and ~o m 0
people actuallv rnhook the noiee for a pallsixip tmin and did not. ser’ the tornado. 1 woixld my that. the path of t.lie storm was iiot over 2011
feet. There was no thunder in tho tornado clond. This as a gm-
uine twister. whi:) suddenly dipped down and waR exactly in the shape of a funnel.
From B. P. Hancock, living 2&.niiles nortliea.st of
Waxhaw, whose home was completely deniolislied :
“The forenoon waa very hot. with a f e r showers. ?\hoiit 1::W a
small cloud formed f i t the southwest. moriug eoiitheast.. and atmtt. 20
minutes later another small cloud formed in the northwest, nioving
toward the northeast. from which thuuder mas hcsrtl t h r w tinieP. After the third thunder it seemed to mnvcl hai-k tn thi. Pwitli,,wst. forming into a body like a thimtlerhead and an awl at thf aame tinic At times it fell to the earth and then row h w k up apain. nnJ SO011
formed into a funnel shape. broad at the top 2nd narmw-at tlw hottrmm. This dqrended down again and it l~egttii to row ,m l mlnp lruni thr.
groiithwest to the nortlieaet. It was (lark in the storm :IS niclit. hr:t there was no thunder, rain, 6r hail: there scexned to 1ir. s lot oC hwt inside it.”
It is interesting to note t.hat both of these acc.ount,s describe the weather RS “warm” and “very hot,” whereas in Charlotte it was rather cool in the forenoon, the temperature raving from 62 to 65 up to 11 a. m., when it be an to rise, reaching a niasiniuni of i S at
4 p. m. d o l weather prevailed generally tliroughout the State, the mq&sima in the central district rmging from 65 at Winston-Salem to SO at Albeniarle. Monroe,
about 10 miles east of the tornado path, 1ia.d the highest maximum, viz, 83.\ The heat a.reti mentioned in the above accounts was, therefore, purelv local. There was a thunderstorin in Chrlotke froin 5 :05 p. in. to 6323 p. m., and frequent showeis occurred during thc day, the total amount being 1.11 inches. One of these
showers occurred from 1 :05 p. m. to 1 :50 p. m.; amount,
0.31 inch. Monroe reported a rainfall of 0.62 for the day.-G. S.
L.indgrm, 11 entiller Burem O&e, 6i?tar70tte, N. 0.
TORNADO I N SOUTHISSTERN WYOMING, JUNE 2.4, 1920.
The Weather Burwu official a t Cheyenne, Wyo., has re- ported the occurrence of n. sinxll tornado, accompanied
11 sevure 1i:iilstorni in southenstern Wyoming on the n.ftornonn of June 24. As far as can he learned, the dam- age WRS very slight. The tonindo swept a path about 200
feet wide and about 12 miles long in the vicinity of Hills- dalc :incl Burns. A few liouses, harns, and fences were destroyed, but bhere was very little clmingo to stock and no deaths were reported. The hails tones were unusually large and destructive. Se~ernl newspapers contain accounts of hail “ as lttrge as
good-sized lenions, ” “ medium-sized hen’s e gs, ” English walnuts, bnd one report from Burns said 8 e hadstones
were about 7 inches in circumference. The force of the hail was sufficient to dent the steel roof of railway coaches and did considerable damage to tin roofs. On blie whole, however, the storm was not severe, althou h in appearance i t was said by some former residents of-t a e Missouri valley to be a ‘I regular, old-time Missouri twisber. “-P. L. .AI.
352 MONTHLY’ WEATHER REVIEW. JUNE, 192.0
COLD SHORE WATER OWING TO OFF-SHORE’WINDS.
By CHARLES F. BROOKS, Metmmlogist..
[ Westhcr Bure;iu, Wmhingtm. D. C., July 25,18m.]
1leport.s of unusually cold surf bathing along the New ,Jeisey const lat,e in July, 19’70, led me to esamiiie the wind records of Snndy Hook and Mantic City. Al- t,hough .there had just, been a clecidedly cool spell, with northerly winds, and nl t>hough the sprin and early suninirr arcraged Z o or 3’ F. below norma Ei in eastern New Jersey, it did not appear t,hat these influences would be sufficient t,o make t,he coldness of tlie water wort,liy of remark. An unusual amount of off-shore mind, however, would easily account for cold1 water, because such winds would have driven the warmed sur-
frtce water niit:,t,o sea, and cold wat.er from below would have replaced it. In June, 1920, t,he off-shore winds--SW., W.,. NW., and N.-at Sandy Hook blew a t,otd of 4,778 miles, as
compared with 2,200 in 1019, and 5,14S in 191s. It is noteworthy t,liat t’lisse winds in June, 1920, comprised 54 per cent of all the wind of t.1ia.t month, and that this is not only niarkedly grcat,er t,lian the 36 er cent of off-
winds of June, 191S, which were 49 per cent of the t.oba1-less than half, in spitme of t,he large amount, June,
I 9 1 S, being unusuallv windy. At Btlanbic Clit8y the averx e (1914-1920) frequency of
and 8 p. m. ohservat.ions in June is L‘S, i. e., 47 per cent. In June, 1920, however. tlie number was 35, or 63 pcr cent of t,he botal. In July the average frequency of off- shore wintls is 31 (31 for i!S clays), or 57 per cent, while in the first 28 days in July, 1920, the number of off- shore wind occiirrciwcs was 37, or 66 er c.ent. Thus, in June and nic.)sb of July bhis year t,he og-shore winds have hrcn ’”i pcr cent more frccluent than the average of the last seven yertrs, nnd have occurred about two-thirds of
shore winds in June, 1019, but also excee ! s the off-shore
off-shore winds, SW., W., N F Y., ancl N., at the 8 a. ni.