\begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{Anthes86}
R.~Anthes.
\newblock 1986 summary of workshop on the {NCAR} {C}ommunity
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\newblock {\em Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.}, 67:194--198, 1986.

\bibitem{Baede79}
A.~P.~M. Baede, M.~Jarraud, and U.~Cubasch.
\newblock Adiabatic formulation and organization of {ECMWF}'s spectral model.
\newblock ECMWF Tech. Rept. No. 15, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather
  Forecasts, Reading, England, 1979.

\bibitem{Bath92}
L.~J. Bath, J.~Rosinski, and J.~Olson.
\newblock User's guide to {NCAR} {CCM2}.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--379+IA, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1992.

\bibitem{Bath87b}
L.~M. Bath, M.~A. Dias, D.~L. Williamson, G.~S. Williamson, and R.~J. Wolski.
\newblock Documentation of {NCAR} {CCM1} program modules.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--287+IA, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 1987.

\bibitem{Bath87a}
L.~M. Bath, M.~A. Dias, D.~L. Williamson, G.~S. Williamson, and R.~J. Wolski.
\newblock User's guide to {NCAR} {CCM1}.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--287+IA, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 1987.

\bibitem{Bourke77}
W.~Bourke, B.~McAvaney, K.~Puri, and R.~Thurling.
\newblock Global modeling of atmospheric flow by spectral methods.
\newblock {\em Meth. Comp. Phys.}, 17:267--324, 1977.

\bibitem{Budyko56}
M.I. Budyko.
\newblock {\em Heat Balance of the Earth's Surface}.
\newblock Gidrometeozidat, Leningrad, 1956.

\bibitem{Deardorff72}
J.W. Deardorff.
\newblock Parameterization of the planetary boundary layer for use in general
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\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 100:93--106, 1972.

\bibitem{CHAMMP90}
{Department of Energy}.
\newblock Building an advanced climate model: Progress plan for the {CHAMMP}
  climate modeling program.
\newblock DOE Tech. Report DOE\slash ER--0479T, U.S. Department of Energy,
  Washington, D.C., December 1990.

\bibitem{Walker-Worley-Drake92}
P.H.~Worley D.W.~Walker and J.B. Drake.
\newblock Parallelizing the spectral transform method - part {II}.
\newblock {\em Concurrency: Practice and Experience}, 4:509--531, 1992.

\bibitem{Eliasen70}
E.B. Eliasen, B.~Machenhauer, and E.~Rasmussen.
\newblock On a numerical method for integration of the hydrodynamical equations
  with a spectral representation of the horizontal fields.
\newblock Rep. No. 2, Institut for Teoretisk Meteorologi, Kobenhavns
  Universitet, Denmark, 1970.

\bibitem{Errico86}
R.~M. Errico.
\newblock A description of software for determination of normal modes of the
  {NCAR} community climate model.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--287+STR, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 1986.

\bibitem{Errico87}
R.~M. Errico and B.~E. Eaton.
\newblock Nonlinear normal mode initialization of the {NCAR} {CCM}.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--303+IA, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 1987.

\bibitem{Foster90a}
I.~Foster, W.~Gropp, and R.~Stevens.
\newblock The parallel scalability of one- and two-dimensional decompositions
  of the spectral transform method.
\newblock Technical Report ???, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL,
  December 1990.

\bibitem{Foster94}
I.~T. Foster and P.~H. Worley.
\newblock Parallel algorithms for the spectral transform method.
\newblock Technical Report ORNL/TM--12507, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak
  Ridge, TN, 1994.

\bibitem{Hack89a}
J.~J. Hack, L.~M. Bath, G.~S. Williamson, and B.~A. Boville.
\newblock Modifications and enhancements to the {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate
  {M}odel ({CCM1}).
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--336+STR, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1989.

\bibitem{HackPC}
J.J. Hack, J.M. Rosinski, D.L. Williamson, B.A. Boville, and J.E. Truesdale.
\newblock Computational design of the {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel.
\newblock {\em Parallel Computing}, 21:1545--1570, 1995.

\bibitem{HammondPC}
S.W. Hammond, R.D. Loft, J.M.Dennis, and R.K. Sato.
\newblock Implementation and performance issues of a massively parallel
  atmospheric model.
\newblock {\em Parallel Computing}, 21:1593--1620, 1995.

\bibitem{Holloway71}
J.L. Holloway and S.~Manabe.
\newblock Simulation of climate by a global general circulation model 1.
  hydrologic cycle and heat balance.
\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 99:335--370, 1971.

\bibitem{CCMClimate}
David P.~Baumhefner James W.~Hurrell, James J.~Hack.
\newblock Comparison of {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel ({CCM}) climates.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--395+STR, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1993.

\bibitem{DrakePC}
J.Drake, I.~Foster, J.~Michalakes, B.~Toonen, and P.~Worley.
\newblock Design and performance of a scalable {P}arallel {C}ommunity {C}limate
  {M}odel.
\newblock {\em Parallel Computing}, 21:1571--1592, 1995.

\bibitem{Kiehl87}
J.T. Kiehl, R.J. Wolski, B.P. Briegleb, and V.~Ramanathan.
\newblock Documentation of radiation and cloud routines in the {NCAR}
  {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel ({CCM1}).
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-288+IA, National Center for Atmospheric
  Research, Boulder, Colo., 1987.

\bibitem{Machenhauer79}
B.~Machenhauer.
\newblock The spectral method.
\newblock In {\em Numerical Methods Used in Atmospheric Models}, volume~II of
  {\em GARP Pub. Ser. No. 17. JOC}, chapter~3, pages 121--275. World
  Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1979.

\bibitem{Manabe65}
S.~Manabe, J.~Smagorinsky, and R.F. Strickler.
\newblock Simulated climatology of a general circulation model with a
  hydrologic cycle.
\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 93:769--798, 1965.

\bibitem{Mayer88}
T.A. Mayer.
\newblock Generation of {CCM} format history tapes from analyzed data.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-322+STR, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1988.

\bibitem{McAvaney78}
B.~J. McAvaney, W.~Bourke, and K.~Puri.
\newblock A global spectral model for simulation of the general circulation.
\newblock {\em J. Atmos. Sci.}, 35:1557--1583, 1978.

\bibitem{Orszag70}
S.~A. Orszag.
\newblock Transform method for calculation of vector-coupled sums:
  {A}pplication to the spectral form of the vorticity equation.
\newblock {\em J. Atmos. Sci.}, 27:890--895, 1970.

\bibitem{Ramanathan83}
V.~Ramanathan, E.J. Pitcher, R.C. Malone, and M.L. Blackmon.
\newblock The response of a spectral general circulation model to refinements
  in radiative processes.
\newblock {\em J. Atmos. Sci.}, 40:605--630, 1983.

\bibitem{Rosinski94}
J.M. Rosinski and D.L. Williamson.
\newblock On the accumulation of rounding errors in a global atmospheric model.
\newblock {\em SIAM J. Scientific Computing}, in press.

\bibitem{Royer86}
J.-F. Royer.
\newblock Correction of negative mixing ratios in spectral models by global
  horizontal borrowing.
\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 114:1406--1410, 1986.

\bibitem{Sato83}
R.~K. Sato, L.~M. Bath, D.~L. Williamson, and G.~S. Williamson.
\newblock User's guide to {NCAR} {CCM0B}.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-211+IA, NTIS PB83 263988, National
  Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1983.

\bibitem{Smagorinsky63}
J.~Smagorinsky.
\newblock General circulation experiments with the primitive equations. 1. the
  basic experiment.
\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 91:98--164, 1963.

\bibitem{Smagorinsky65}
J.~Smagorinsky, S.~Manabe, and J.L. Holloway.
\newblock Numerical results from a nine-level general circulation model of the
  atmosphere.
\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 93:727--768, 1965.

\bibitem{Stegun72}
I.~A. Stegun.
\newblock Legendre functions.
\newblock In M.~Abramowitz and I.~A. Stegun, editors, {\em Handbook of
  Mathematical Functions}, chapter~8, pages 332--353. {Dover Publications},
  {New York}, 1972.

\bibitem{vandeGeijn91}
R.~A. van~de Geijn.
\newblock On global combine operations.
\newblock LAPACK Working Note~29, {Computer Science Department, University of
  Tennessee}, {Knoxville, TN 37996}, April 1991.

\bibitem{Walker92}
D.~W. Walker, P.~H. Worley, and J.~B. Drake.
\newblock Parallelizing the spectral transform method. {P}art {II}.
\newblock {\em Concurrency: Practice and Experience}, 4(7):509--531, October
  1992.

\bibitem{Washington82}
W.M. Washington.
\newblock Documentation for the {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel ({CCM}), version
  0.
\newblock Technical Report NTIS PB82-194192, Climate Section, National Center
  for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1982.

\bibitem{Williamson83a}
D.~L. Williamson.
\newblock Description of {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel ({CCM0B}).
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-210+STR, NTIS PB83 231068, National
  Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1983.

\bibitem{Williamson83b}
D.~L. Williamson, L.~M. Bath, R.~K. Sato, T.~A. Mayer, and M.~L. Kuhn.
\newblock Documentation of {NCAR} {CCM0B} program modules.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-212+IA, NTIS PB83 263996, National
  Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1983.

\bibitem{ccm1}
D.~L. Williamson, J.~T. Kiehl, V.~Ramanathan, R.~E. Dickinson, and J.J. Hack.
\newblock Description of {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel ({CCM1}).
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN--285+STR, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1987.

\bibitem{Williamson89}
D.~L. Williamson and P.~J. Rasch.
\newblock Two-dimensional semi-{L}agrangian transport with shape-preserving
  interpolation.
\newblock {\em Mon. Wea. Rev.}, 117:102--129, 1989.

\bibitem{Williamson84}
D.L. Williamson and G.S. Williamson.
\newblock Circulation statistics from {J}anuary and {J}uly simulations with the
  {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel ({CCM0B}).
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-244+STR, NTIS PB85 165637\slash AS,
  National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1984.

\bibitem{Williamson87b}
G.~S. Williamson and D.~L. Williamson.
\newblock Circulation statistics from seasonal and perpetual {J}anuary and
  {J}uly simulations with the {NCAR} {C}ommunity {C}limate {M}odel
  ({CCM1}):r15.
\newblock NCAR Tech. Note NCAR\slash TN-302+STR, NTIS PB88--192620\slash AS,
  National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colo., 1987.

\bibitem{Williamson88}
D.~L. {Williamson, Ed.}
\newblock Report of the second workshop on the community climate model.
\newblock NCAR Tech Note NCAR/TN-310+PROC, National Center for Atmospheric
  Research, Boulder, CO 80307, 1988.

\bibitem{Williamson90a}
D.~L. {Williamson, Ed.}
\newblock {CCM} progress report - {July} 1990.
\newblock NCAR Tech Note NCAR\slash TN--351+PPR, National Center for
  Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, July 1990.

\bibitem{Worley-Drake92}
P.H. Worley and J.B. Drake.
\newblock Parallelizing the spectral transform method - part {I}.
\newblock {\em Concurrency: Practice and Experience}, 4:269--291, 1992.

\bibitem{Worley-Foster1994}
P.H. Worley and I.T. Foster.
\newblock Parallel spectral transform shallow water model: A runtime- tunable
  parallel benchmark code.
\newblock In {\em Scalable High Performance Computing Conference}, pages
  207--214. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1994.

\end{thebibliography}