There are only a few reports on the description of genetic stocks. I mentioned in the last Volume (BGN 10:99) that there are many new genes for which no description has been given. Unfortunately, a limited number of descriptions was given among those.
It is important to have the description for these new mutant genes. I hope research workers who studied and reported on those genes realize their responsibilities.
T. Tsuchiya Barley Genetics Stock Center Department of Agronomy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 U.S.A.
BGN 0221 White streaks wst5e
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: wst5e (1)
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive. Located on chromosome 5 (1).
Description: White stripes on foliage.* The expression is influenced by the environment and possibly also by the genetical background. The stripes have only been observed in the greenhouse. The effects of different environmental conditions have not yet been studied in detail, but some conditions cause the plants to be nearly albinotic from the seedlings stage until heading where the plants turn green, while under other conditions the streaks seem absent.
* The expression of the white streak trait has never been 100% in the population. Always some plants showed pure green even in homozygous condition at least in the growing condition in Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S.A. (T. Tsuchiya).
Origin of mutant: Induced in the two rowed spring barley variety Carlsberg II by a combined treatment with gamma rays (10 krad) and diethyl-sulphate (0.15% in 5 hours).
Mutational events: wst5e induced in Carlsberg II by combined treatment with gamma rays (10 krad) and diethyl-sulphate (0.15%, 5 hrs.).
Mutant used for description and seed stock: A mutant line wst5e of Carlsberg II with the two mutant genes necla and wst5e.
Reference: 1. Jensen, J. and J. H. Jorgensen. 1973. Locating some genes on barley chromosome 5. BGN 3:25-27.
Prepared by: J. Jensen (1981).
BGS 0222 Necrotic leaf spots nec1a
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: Mutant No. 10 (1) and nec1a (2).
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive. Allelic to sp,,b. Located on chromosome 5 (1, 2).
Description: Black-brown spotted plants. The spot appears at the seedling stage. The spots are oval, longest in the leaf direction and generally less than 1-2 mm. The spots are most concentrated on the distal part of the leaves but may occur on all parts of the plant. Especially the oldest and most light-exposed parts of the plant are spotted.
Origin: Induced in the two rowed spring barley variety Carlsberg II by a combined treatment with gamma rays (10 krad) and diethyl-sulphate (0.15% in 5 hours).
Mutational events: nec1a induced in Carlsberg II by combined treatment with gamma rays (10 krad) and diethyl-sulphate (0.15%, 5 hrs).
Mutant used for description and seed stock: A mutant line of Carlsberg II with the two mutant genes nec1a and wst5e.
References:
1. Jensen, J. 1971. Mapping of 10 mutant genes for necrotic spotting
in barley by means of translocation. Barley Genetics II:213-219.
2. Jensen, J. and J. H. Jørgensen. 1973. Locating some genes
on barley chromosome 5. BGN 3:25-27.
Prepared by: J. Jensen 1981.
BGS 0261 Necrotic leaf spots nec2b
Previous nomenclature and symbolization: Mutant No. 7 (1) and nec2b (2).
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive and located on chromosome 6 (1) 5.2 + 1.0 percent recombination from orange lemma (o).
Description: The gene nec2b causes small and dark-brown necrotic spots on the leaves with a poorly defined demarcation. The spots are expressed on plants in the field from 3 to 6 weeks after germination. The expression of the necrotic spots is not good in some years.
Origin: Induced on the two-rowed spring barley variety 'Carlsberg II' by EMS treatment (1).
Mutational event: nec2b induced by EMS treatment in Carlsberg II.
Mutant used for description and seed stock: The original mutant line of 'Carlsberg II'. Additional genes on chromosome 6 Amy1Bi.
1. Jensen, J. 1971. Mapping of 19 mutant genes for necrotic spotting
in barley by means of translocation. Barley Genetics II:213-219.
2. Jensen, J. 1981. Effect of temperature on genetic recombination
in barley. Hereditas 94 (in press).
Prepared by: Jens Jensen
BGS 0453 Shrunken endosperm seg8
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1).
Description: The phenotype is "thin" seed. The expression of the character is not greatly affected by environment. Seed weights of 24, 23 and 27 percent of normal were obtained from plants grown in the field in Arizona, in the field in Montana and in the greenhouse in Arizona. In the mutant, meiosis and male and female fertility are normal. No difficulties have been encountered in establishing stands of the mutant under field conditions (1).
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in the line 60-Ab-1810-53 (later released as the cultivar 'Klages', C.I. 15478).
Mutational events: seg8k spontaneous occurrence in the line 60-Ab-1810-53 (Klages, C.I. 15478)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: seg8k in 60-Ab-1810-53 (Klages, C.I. 15478).
References: 1. Ramage, R. T. and C. L. Crandall. 1981. Shrunken endosperm mutant seg8. Barley Genetics Newsletter 11:
Prepared by: R. T. Ramage and C. L. Crandall (1981).
BGS 0311 Defective endosperm, xenia dexla
Previous nomenclature and symbolization: sex2b (2)
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive expressing xenia (1). Located on chromosome 7 (1).
Description: The phenotype is "thin" seed. Homozygous recessive seed grow normally for a few days after fertilization. Then, growth stops and the seed begin to shrivel. At maturity, defective endosperm seed are so reduced in size that they are barely visible within the lemma and palea. The defective endosperm prevents stand establishment under normal field conditions. The mutant expresses xenia and behaves as a zygotic lethal. Seed produced on heterozygous plants are found in a ratio of about 3 normal viable seed : 1 defective inviable seed (1,3).
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in the balanced tertiary trisomic line 63-j-18-17 (1).
Mutational events: dexla spontaneous occurrence in the BTT line 63-j-18-17 (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stock: dexla in the BTT line 63j-18-17. Seed stock is a tertiary trisomic for chromosome T2-7d balanced for both dexla and the male sterile allele msg2.
References:
1. Scheuring, J. F. and R. T. Ramage. 1976. A tertiary trisomic balanced
for both msg2 and sex2. Barley Genetics Newsletter 6: 60-62.
2. Scheuring, J. F. and R. T. Ramage. 1976. Description of Genetic
Stocks-sex2b. Barley Genetics Newsletter 6:134.
3. Ramage, R. T. and C. L. Crandall. 1981. Defective endosperm xenia
(dex) mutants. Barley Genetics Newsletter 11:
Prepared by: J. F. Scheuring and R. T. Ramage. 1976.
Revised by: R. T. Ramage and C. L. Crandall. 1981.
BGS 0454 Defective endosperm, xenia dex2b
Previous nomenclature and symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive expressing xenia (1).
Description: The phenotype is "thin" seed. Homozygous recessive seed grow normally for a few days after fertilization. Then, growth stops and the seed begin to shrivel. At maturity, defective endosperm seed are so reduced in size that they are barely visible within the lemma and palea. The defective endosperm prevents stand establishment under normal field conditions. The mutant expresses xenia and behaves as a zygotic lethal. Seed produced on heterozygous plants are found in a ratio of about 3 normal viable seed : 1 defective inviable seed (1).
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Betzes, C.I. 6398.
Mutational events: dex2b spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Betzes, C.I. 6398.
Mutant used for description and seed stock: dex2b in the cultivar Betzes, C.I. 6398.
References: 1. Ramage, R. T. and C. L. Crandall. 1981. Defective endosperm xenia (dex) mutants. Barley Genetics Newsletter 11:
Prepared by: R. T. Ramage and C. L. Crandall. 1981.
BGS 0455 Defective endosperm, xenia dex3c
Previous nomenclature and symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive expressing xenia (1).
Description: The phenotype is "thin" seed. Homozygous recessive seed grow normally for a few days after fertilization. Then, growth stops and the seed begin to shrivel. At maturity, defective endosperm seed are so reduced in size that they are barely visible within the lemma and palea. The defective endosperm prevents stand establishment under normal field conditions. The mutant expresses xenia and behaves as a zygotic lethal. Seed produced on heterozygous plants are found in a ratio of about 3 normal viable seed : 1 defective inviable seed (1).
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in hybrid material.
Mutational events: dex3c spontaneous occurrence in hybrid material. dex3f spontaneous occurrence in hybrid material.
Mutant used for description and seed stock: sex3c in hybrid material.
References: 1. Ramage, R. T. and C. L. Crandall. 1981. Defective endosperm xenia (dex) mutants. Barley Genetics Newsletter 11:
Prepared by: R. T. Ramage and C. L. Crandall. 1981.
BGS 0456 Defective endosperm, xenia dex4d
Previous nomenclature and symbolization: None.
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive expressing xenia (1).
Description: The phenotype is "thin" seed. Homozygous recessive seed grow normally for a few days after fertilization. Then, growth stops and the seed begin to shrivel. At maturity, defective endosperm seed are so reduced in size that they are barely visible within the lemma and palea. The defective endosperm prevents stand establishment under normal field conditions. The mutant expresses xenia and behaves as a zygotic lethal. Seed produced on heterozygous plants are found in a ratio of about 3 normal viable seed: 1 defective inviable seed (1).
Origin of mutant: Diethyl sulfate induced mutation in the cultivar Betzes, C.I. 6398.
Mutational events: dex4d diethyl sulfate induced in the cultivar Betzes, C.I. 6398.
Mutant used for description and seed stock: dex4d in the cultivar Betzes, C.I. 6398.
References:
1. Ramage, R. T. and C. L. Crandall. 1981. Defective endosperm xenia
(dex) mutants. Barley Genetics Newsletter 11:
Prepared by: R. T. Ramage and C. L. Crandall. 1981.