).
Editor—We welcome the increasing use of magnesium sulphate in the prevention of convulsions in pre-eclampsia.1-1 We are, however, concerned that 23% of consultants would not use anticonvulsants in this clinical circumstance and that, of those who do, only 52% would choose magnesium sulphate.
Current evidence supports the use of anticonvulsants in pre-eclampsia and magnesium sulphate as the drug of choice. Coetzee et al found a significant decrease in the incidence of eclampsia in women with severe pre-eclampsia treated with magnesium sulphate compared with those treated with placebo (0.3% v 3.2%).1-2
If we are to make substantial progress in reducing mortality from eclampsia in Britain we have to be able to prevent the first fit occurring. This conviction is supported by observations from two recent publications. In the British eclampsia survey by Douglas and Redman, 59% of 383 women with eclampsia had single fits,1-3 and in the most recent confidential inquiry into maternal deaths, eight of the 11 women who died from eclampsia had single fits.1-4
To our knowledge, there is no evidence that the pathophysiology of the first fit is different from that of the second and subsequent fits, and thus the concept of the first versus recurrent fits is false. We must also take account of the suggested benefits to the fetus such as protection against cerebral palsy when magnesium sulphate is given to the mother.1-5
Use of magnesium sulphate should always be considered in pre-eclampsia until there is evidence to the contrary or the woman is entered into a study to evaluate the drug’s efficacy. Uncertainty still exists about the threshold of severity of pre-eclampsia at which magnesium sulphate should be given.
1-1.
Gulmezoglu, AM; Duley, L. Use of anticonvulsants in eclampsia and pre-eclampsia: survey of obstetricians in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.
BMJ. 1998;316:975–976. . (28 March.) .
[PubMed]1-2.
Coetzee, EJ; Dommisse, J; Anthony, J. A randomised controlled trial of intravenous magnesium sulphate versus placebo in the management of women with severe pre-eclampsia.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;105:300–303. [PubMed]1-3.
Douglas, KA; Redman, CWG. Eclampsia in the United Kingdom.
BMJ. 1994;309:1395–1400. [PubMed]1-4.
Report of confidential enquiries into maternal deaths in the United Kingdom 1991-1993. London: HMSO; 1996. pp. 20–31.
1-5.
Nelson, KB; Grether, JK. Can magnesium sulphate reduce the risk of cerebral palsy in very low birth weight infants?
Paediatrics. 1995;95:263–269. [PubMed]References 1. Gulmezoglu, AM; Duley, L. Use of anticonvulsants in eclampsia and pre-eclampsia: survey of obstetricians in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. BMJ. 1998;316:975–976. . (28 March.) . [PubMed]2. Coetzee, EJ; Dommisse, J; Anthony, J. A randomised controlled trial of intravenous magnesium sulphate versus placebo in the management of women with severe pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;105:300–303. [PubMed]3. Guyatt, GH; Sackett, DL; Sinclair, J; Hayward, R; Cook, DJ; Cook, RJ. Users guide to the medical literature: method of grading health care recommendations. JAMA. 1995;274:1800–1804. [PubMed]4. Khan, KS; Chien, PFW. Seizure prophylaxis in hypertensive pregnancies: a framework for making clinical decisions. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997;104:1173–1179. [PubMed]5. Owen, P. Seizure prophylaxis in hypertensive pregnancies: a framework for making clinical decisions. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;105:371. [PubMed] |
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