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Part I Growing fruit trees ............................................................ ............................ ...................... 1 1 W hy grow fruits and nuts?....................................................... ..................... ...................... 3 2 What we need to eat to stay healthy ....................... ...................... 6 3 Processing and using fruits and nuts .................... ..................... 12 4 T ree prop agation ................................................................................................. ..................... 17 5 Tree-planting techniques ............................................... ........................29 6 Prevention and control of pests and diseases........................................................................... 31 7 The need to improve technology in fruit production ..................................... ...... .............. 35 Part II Forty species with potential .............................................................................. ................... 37 Acca sellowiana (Feijoa sellowiana) (feijoa, pineapple guava) ................................... ....................39 Annona cherim ola (cherim oya) ......................................................... ................. ...................41 Annona m uricata (soursop) ............................................................. .................. ...................44 Annona squamosa (custard apple) ..................................... .......................46 A reca catechu (betel nut) ........................................................................................ ....................48 Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) ................................................................................. ....................50 Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) ............... ...........................................52 Averrhoa bilim bi (cucum ber tree) ............................................................ ............................ ........... 55 Averrhoa carambola (caram bola, star fruit)........................................ ................. .................. 57 Carica papaya (papaya, paw paw ) ..................................................... .........................................59 Casimiroa edulis (white sapote).............................. ....................62 Ceiba pentandra (kapok tree) ............................ ................... 64 Cydonia oblonga (C. vulgaris) (quince) ........................................ ..................66 Cyphom andra betacea (tree tom ato) ................................................. ............... .. .................68 Diospyros kaki (oriental persimmon) ................................. ...... ................ ........... ...................70 D urio zibethinus (durian) .......................................................................................... ...................73 Elaeis guineensis (oil palm ) .................................... .......................... ................... 75 Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) .......................... ........................ 78 Eugenia uniflora (E. michelii) (pitanga) ............. .....................................................80 F icus carica (com m on fig) ............................................................ ............................. .................. 82 F ortunella sp. (kum quat) .................................................................................. .............................. 84 Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry) ................................... .................. 86 Garcinia m angostana (m angosteen).................................................................. .................. 89 Litchi chinensis (litchi) ................................................. ............... .................. 92 Macadamia tetraphylla and M. integrifolia (macadamia nut) ........................................ ..................95 M anilkara zapota (sapodilla) ............................................... ............................. ..... ................98 Nephelium lappaceum (ram butan) .................................................. ........................ ................ 100 FRUITS AND NUTS: SPECIES WITH POTENTIAL FOR TANZANIA Phoenix dactylifera (date palm) ................................... ........................... 103 Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) ................................ .... ........................ 106 Pouteria campechiana (canistel, yellow sapote) ................... ........................ 109 Prunus armeniaca (Armeniaca vulgaris) (apricot) ........................................... ...................... Ill P runus dulcis (alm ond) ............................... ..... ........................................... ........................ 113 Prunus persica and Prunus persica var. nectarina (peach, nectarine) ................... ........................ 115 Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) ....................... ........................ 118 Psidium guajava (guava) ...................................................................................... ........................ 120 Punica granatum (pomegranate)........................................................................... ....................... 123 Rubus rosifolius (Himalayan raspberry) ...................... ......................... 126 Spondias cytherea (S. dulcis) (ambarella) ..................................... ........................ 128 Syzygium cuminii (S. jambolanum, Eugeniajambolana) (jambolan) ...................... ..................... 130 Syzygiumjambos (Eugeniajambos) (rose apple) ................... ........................ 132 Telfairia pedata (oyster nut, Zanzibar oil vine) .................................. ........................ 134