PTS: 23029S2.11.0 Title: PWRC-Behavior and ecology of birds with emphasis on tropical areas Keywords:bottomland forest Leaders: * Foster, Mercedes S., mfoster@usgs.gov, 202-633-0788, FAX 202-633-1932, 10th & Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20560 Communication Plan: Results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Objectives: This task addresses primary goal #1 of "Status and Trends of Biological Resources":
Provide a framework that facilitates the integration of information from a variety of sources at multiple spatial and temporal scales to describe and track the abundance, distribution, productivity, and health of the Nation's plants, animals, and ecosystems.
Task Objectives
(1) Establish baseline data on behavior and ecology of Alder Flycatchers on their wintering grounds in Peru, including determination of differences among sex and age groups; (2) Map and study changes in territories and foraging behavior in the face of habitat change; (3) The use of fruit by nearctic migrant birds during migration and winter; (4) The use of fruit trees for enhancement of migratory and winter habitats of nearctic migrant birds forest birds; (5) Interactions between nearctic migrant birds with resident birds on the wintering grounds.
(3) Complete a survey of the birds of the Atlantic Forest habitats of South America. This habitat is highly fragmented and rapidly decreasing in Brazil and Paraguay. The survey will provide baseline data on species presence and annual cycles. 2003 Statement of Work: To analyze data and prepare manuscripts on various topics for which the data have already been obtained. 2004 Statement of Work: (1) Continue analysis of data on behavior and ecology of Alder Flycatchers on their wintering grounds in Peru.
(2) The Paraguay project was initiated in FY-80 and suspended in FY-83. It should be possible to complete it with one month of field work during June/July of 2004. All specimens pertaining to the project are being assembled at the National Museum of Natural History (from various museums) so that identifications can be verified and data entered into the computer. 2005 Statement of Work: Continue to analyze data from projects for which field work has been completed. Particular attention will be paid to specimens collected in Paraguay as part of a study of the avifauna (both migrant and resident) of a southern hemisphere subtropical forest and to fruit specimens collected from various localities as part of a study of fruit use by birds. Finishing the latter project will require field work in Peru in October 2004 (ca. 1 month) and January 2005. 2006 Statement of Work: Continue to analyze data and prepare manuscripts based on field work that has already been completed. One trip to Peru is planned that will span FY05-06.
Work is continuing on specimen collections from Paraguay and from northern Peru and should be completed during this fiscal year. 2007 Statement of Work: Continue to analyze data and prepare manuscripts based on field work that has already been completed. Work is continuing on specimen collections from Paraguay and from northern Peru. Continue to analyze data on nutrient value of fruits for birds. Write up results of some of the field work in Peru and Paraguay. Publications wil appear on work done in Costa Rica, Peru and Mexico. The work in Mexico involves habitat enhancement for migratory birds during migration. The Peru publication deals with the behavior of a nearctic migrant on the wintering ground. One trip to Peru is planned For September. Incumbent will attend the Cooper Ornithological Society Meeting in Moscow, Idaho in June and present the results of her research. 2008 Statement of Work: Provide a framework that facilitates the integration of information from a variety of sources at multiple spatial and temporal scales to describe and track the abundance, distribution, productivity, and health of the Nation's plants, animals, and ecosystems. This work will include (1) a survey of the birds of the Atlantic Forest habitats of South America. This habitat is highly fragmented and rapidly decreasing in Brazil and Paraguay. The survey will provide baseline data on species presence and annual cycles; (2) complete a survey of the birds of the Huampami region of Northern Peru, with emphasis on the use of the area by Nearctic migrants; (3) examine the food habits of Tyranneutes stolzmanni in relation to territory use; (4) examine female home range size in Pipra fasciicauda in relation to the position of male leks. 2009 Statement of Work: Provide a framework that facilitates the integration of information from a variety of sources at multiple spatial and temporal scales to describe and track the abundance, distribution, productivity, and health of the Nation's plants, animals, and ecosystems. This work will include (1) a survey of the birds of the Atlantic Forest habitats of South America. This habitat is highly fragmented and rapidly decreasing in Brazil and Paraguay. The survey will provide baseline data on species presence and annual cycles; (2) examine the food habits of Tyranneutes stolzmanni in relation to territory use; (3) examine female home range size in Pipra fasciicauda in relation to the position of male leks. In addition studies of fruit use by migratory birds on the wintering grounds as well as resident birds will continue with specific reference to the (1) nutritional content of the fruit and how it does or does not meet the needs of the birds; (2) how it effects the scheduling and duration of life cycle events (e.g., breeding, molt, and migration); and how global warming may affect these activities in birds by changing the timing of fruiting of the trees. Product: Presentations Delivered Mercedes S. Foster, 2005, Patterns of Nutrient and Energy Contents of Animal-Dispersed Fruits, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, Mercedes S, 2008, Social Systems in Manakins ¿ Jewels of the Tropical Forest, Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2000. Systematics of Tropical Plants Course, Organization for Tropical Studies, Monteverde, Costa Rica, "Patterns of Nutrient and Energy Contents of Fleshy Animal-Dispersed Fruits", USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2000. Cocha Cashu Seminar Series, Madre de Dios, Peru. ¿Contenido nutritivo y energético de los Frutos dispersados por Aves¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2000. 3rd International Symposium Workshop on Frugivores and Seed Dispersal, São Pedro, Brazil. ¿Patterns of Nutrient and Energy Contents of Animal-Dispersed fruits: Does One Size Fit All?¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2001. Symposium Internacional, Experiencias de Investigación y Manejo de Bosques Tropicales, Puerto Maldonado, Peru. ¿Estación Biológica Cocha Cashu: Panorama general, Puerto Maldonado, Peru, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2001. Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS), course 01-13, Ecología de Ecosistemas Amazonicos, Iquitos, Peru. ¿Las Infuencias de la Filogenia y las Caracteristicas de Plantas en el Contentido Nutritivo de Frutos Carnosos y Dispersados por Aves¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2002. Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, annual meeting, Panama City, Panama. Seed dispersal, dormancy, and seedling establishment in Ormosia macrocalyx.¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2002. Cocha Cashu Seminar Series, Madre de Dios, Peru. ¿Arilos falsos, Dispersión de Semillas, Adormilamiento, Germinación, y Fitness: con Ormosia, nada es simple¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2002. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional San Antonio de Abad de Cusco, Cusco, Peru. ¿Dispersión, Adormilamiento, y Establecimiento de Ormosia macrocalyx.¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2003. Smithsonian Film and Lecture Series, Washington, D.C. ¿Social Systems in Manakins, Jewels of the Tropical Forest.¿, USGS Product: Report Planned Foster, M. S., Early Seedling Development in Two Species of Ormosia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae), Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2003. II Simposium El Manu y Otras Experiencias de Investigación y Manejo de Bosque Neotropical.
¿Influencia dela Filogenia y las Características Morfológicas de Plantas en el Contenido Nutritivo de Frutos Carnosos y Dispersados por Aves¿, USGS Product: Presentations Delivered Foster, M. S., 2004. Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, annual meeting, Miami, Florida.
¿Comparative growth and mortality of seedlings in two species of Ormosia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae)¿, USGS Product: Report Planned Daniel M. Brooks, Mecedes S. Foster, Nico S. Dauphiné, Todd Mark, and Irma Franke, An Avian Assessment of the Pongos Basin, Dept. Amazonas, Peru, Product: Other Delivered Dobson, A., K. Ralls, M. S. Foster, M. E. Soulé, D. Simberloff, D. Doak, J. Estes, L. S. Mills, D. Mattson, R. Dirzo, H. Arita, S. Ryan, E. A. Norse, R. F. Noss, and D. Johns. 1999. Corridors: Reconnecting fragmented landscapes. Pp. 129-170. In M. Soulé and J. Terborgh (eds.). Continental Conservation: Scientific Foundations of Regional Reserve Networks. Island Press. Washington, D.C. Product: Other Delivered Foster, M. S. 2001. Estación Biológica Cocha Cashu: Panorama general. Pp. 19-22, In L.O. Rodríguez (ed.). El Manu y Otras Experiencias de Investigación y Manejo de Bosques Neotropicales. Proyecto Aprovechamiento y Manejo Sostenible de la Reserva de Biósfera y Parque Nacional del Manu, Cusco, Peru. 309 pp. Product: Other Delivered Foster, M. S. 1992. Tent roosts of Macconnell's Bat (Vampyressa macconnelli). Biotropica 24: 447-454. Product: Other Delivered Foster, M. S. 1997. Evolution of Lek Social Systems in Manakins: Alternative Models and Proofs. Anais V. Congresso Brasileiro de Ornitologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brasil, 1996. Pp. 7-8. Product: Other Delivered Foster, M. S. 1997. The Potential of Fruiting Trees for Habitat Enhancement. Anais V Congresso Brasileiro de Ornitologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, 1996. Pp. 1-4. Product: Other Delivered Foster, M. S., and J. Terborgh. 1998. Impact of a rare storm event on an Amazonian forest. Biotropica 30:470-474. Product: Other Delivered Foster, M. S., and Linda S. DeLay. 1998. Dispersal of Mimetic Seeds of Three Species of Ormosia (Leguminosae). Journal of Tropical Ecology 14:389-411. Product: Other Delivered Foster. M. S. 1993. Preservación de ejemplares con máximo contenido de información y resumen de investigaciones basadas en tales materiales. Pp. 3-14, In P. Escalante-Pliego (ed.), Curación Moderna de Colecciones Ornitológicas. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. Product: Other Delivered Foster. M. S. 1993. Research, conservation, and collaboration: The role of visiting scientists in Third World countries. Auk 110:414-417. Product: Other Delivered Foster. M. S. 1995. For want of a nail. Defenders 70(3):40. Product: Other Delivered Foster. M. S., M. A. Jenkinson, and A. Allen. 1993. The tools of the trade -- library enhancement in developing countries. BioScience 43: 556-563. Product: Other Delivered Foster. M. S., and R. Aguilar. 1993. Primer registro de Eumops underwoodi (Molossidae) de Costa Rica. Brenesia 39-40: 179-180. Product: Other Delivered Greenberg, R., M. S. Foster, and L. Marquez-Valdelamar. 1995. The role of the White-eyed Vireo in the Dispersal of Bursera fruit in the Yucatan Peninsula. J. Tropical Ecology 11:619-639. Product: Other Delivered Grissell, E. E., and M. S. Foster. 1996. A new Bephratelloides (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) from seeds of Cymbopetalum (Annonaceae) in Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 98:256-263. Product: Other Delivered Reynolds, R. P., and M. S. Foster. 1992. Four new species of frogs and one new snake from the
Chapare Region of Bolivia, with a report on a small herpetological collection. Herpetological Monographs 6: 83-104. Product: Other Delivered Scott, J. M., E. A. Norse, H. Arita, A. Dobson, J. A. Estes, M. S. Foster, B. Gilbert, D. B. Jensen, R. L. Knight, D. Mattson, and M. E. Soulé. 1999. The issue of scale in selecting and designing biological reserves. Pp. 19-37. In M. Soulé and J. Terborgh (eds.). Continental Conservation: Scientific Foundations of Regional Reserve Networks. Island Press. Washington, D.C. Product: Other Delivered Woodman, N., M. A. Jenkinson, and M. S. Foster (comp.). 1994. Latin American Research Libraries in Natural History: A Survey. 2nd ed. Council of Biology Editors, Chicago, IL. 260 pp. Product: Posters Delivered Cooper Ornithological Society Annual Meeting, Moscow, Idaho Product: Report Delivered 2007. Auk 124: 29-43 Product: Report Delivered 2007. Neotropical Ornithology 18(2): in press. Product: Report Delivered 2007. Bird Conservation International 17:45-61. Product: Report Delivered Foster, M. S. 2007. Manakins and me. Pp. ?? in J. Howard (ed.), Feather Tales. University Press of New England, Lebanon, NH. Product: Report Delivered Foster, M. S. 2008. Freeze-Frame Fruit Selection by Birds. Wilson Journal of Ornithology 118(4):in press Product: Report Delivered Journal of Tropical Ecology. 2008. 24(6): in press Product: Report Delivered manuscript submitted Product: Workshops Delivered Heinz Center. 2004. State of the Nation's Ecosystems. Washington, D. C.
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