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Preface ...........................................xi Abel, Niels Henrik ........... ... ... ............... .1 Abul-Wafa Al-Buzjani, Muhammed .....................4 Agnesi, Maria Gaetana ........................ 6 Aiken, Howard Hathaway .... ............................9 Al-Khwarizmi, Muhammed Ibn Musa ...................11 Ampere, Andre'-Marie ....... .......................13 Andreessen, Marc .................15 Appolonius of Perga . ... ......................... 18 Archimedes .......................... .20 Atanasoff, John Vincent .............................24 Babbage, Charles ................................... 27 JOSEPH-MARIE JACQUARD ............... .........29 Backus, John ... ........ ... .......... ..........30 Bemers-Lee, Tim .... ............................... 33 Bernoulli, Daniel ...................................35 THE BERNOULLI SOCIETY FOR MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ............... 36 Bernoulli, Jakob . ................................ 38 Bernoulli, Johann .................................41 Boole, George ...... ........ ........ ...... ..... 43 Bricklin, Daniel . ......................... 45 Brown, Marjorie ..... ....... ................... 47 Byron, Ada ............... .... .............. 49 Cantor, Georg ..................... ............ 53 Cauchy, Augustin-Louis ........... .. .. ..............56 Cayley, Arthur .................. ... ... ...... 58 LONDON MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY ............ 61 Cerf, Vinton ..................... .......... 62 ROBERT E. KAHN ............... .. ..............64 Chang, Sun-Yung Alice ......... .. .. .... .............66 Chatelet, Gabrielle-Emilie . ..... ..... ........... 68 Copemrnicus, Nicolaus ................... ............70 Courant, Richard ................ ............ 73 Cray, Seymour ........... .. ......................76 Descartes, Rene ....................................79 Dijkstra, Edsger ....................................82 Dirichlet, Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune ................84 Eckert, J. Presper ......89 ENIAC ......................................92 Eratosthenes ................. ............. 93 Erdos, Paul ........................................94 Euclid ............................................97 Eudoxus of Cnidus ..................................98 Euler, Leonhard ...................................101 Fefferman, Charles ................................103 THE FIELDS MEDAL ............................105 Fermat, Pierre de ..................................106 Fibonacci, Leonardo ...............................109 Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph .........................112 Galileo ...............115 Gates, Bill .......................................119 PAUL ALLEN ........122 Gauss, Carl .................. . ........ 123 Germain, Sophie ..................................125 Godel, Kurt ......................................127 PRINCETON INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDY ........129 Granville, Evelyn Boyd .............................131 Hamming, Richard ................................ 133 Hardy, G .H . .................................... 136 Harriot, Thomas ...................................140 Hilbert, David .................................... 143 Hollerith, Herman ................................147 THE COMPUTER MUSEUM HISTORY CENTER .........149 Hopper, Grace .................................... 149 NATIONAL MEDAL OF TECHNOLOGY ...............151 Huygens, Christiaan ...............................152 Hypatia of Alexandria ..............................153 Jobs, Steve .......................................157 SILICON VALLEY ...............................160 Kemeny, John ....................................161 Kepler, Johannes ..................................16 2 Khayyam, Omar .................................164 Klein, Christian Felix ..............................166 Kolmogorov, Andrei ...............................169 Kovalevskaya, Sofya ...............................172 Kurtz, Thomas ....................................175 Lagrange, Joseph-Louis .............................179 Laplace, Pierre-Simon ..............................182 Legendre, Adrien-Marie ............................184 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von ......................186 Lui Hui .........................................188 Mauchly, John .................191 Menaechmus ...............................194 Menelaus of Alexandria ............................196 Milnor, John ................ 198 Mobius, August Ferdinand .......................... 201 Monge, Gaspard ................................203 Morawetz, Cathleen Synge ..........................206 Napier, John .................................... 209 Nash, John E .................................. ..211 Newton, Sir Isaac ..........................215 Neyman, Jerzy ................................... 219 Noether, Emmy (Amalie) ................... ........224 ASSOCIATION FOR WOMEN IN MATHEMATICS ........ 226 Norris, W illiam ...................................227 Noyce, Robert ....................................229 JACK S. KILBY ................................231 Pappus of Alexandria ......................... .... 233 Pascal, Blaise ................................. 235 Pearson, Karl ............ .................... 237 Poincare, Jules Henri .............................. 240 Ptolemy ................................... 243 Pythagoras ................................ 246 Ramanujan, Srinivasa ..............................249 Rees, Mina ................................ 252 Regiomontanus ................................ 254 Rhodes, Ida ..................................... 257 Riemann, Bernhard ................................260 Robinson, Julia ................................ 262 Russell, Bertrand ..................................265 Sam met, Jean ....................................269 Scott, Charlotte Agnas ............................ 271 Shih-chieh, Chu ................2............ 274 Smale, Stephen ............................ 275 NATIONAL MEDAL OF SCIENCE ...................278 Somerville, Mary ............................ 279 Stieltjes, Thomas Jan ............ ................ 283 Sylvester, James ............................ 285 Tapia, Richard A . ................................ 289 Tarski, Alfred .....................................292 Taussky-Todd, Olga ................... .............294 Turing, Alan .......... .................. .........297 Uhlenbeck, Karen ......... ........................301 Ulam, Stanislaw ..................................303 Von Neumann, John ............................... 307 AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY ...............309 Wang, An ....................................311 Weierstrass, Karl ..................316 Well, Andre ...................................... 319 NICOLAS BOURBAKI SOCIETY .................... 320 Weyl, Hermann, .............................321 Wheeler, Anna Johnson Pell ........................ 324 Whitehead, Alfred North ...........................326 Wiener, Norbert ............................329 Wiles, Andrew ........ ....................... 332 YUTAKA TANIYAMA ............................334 Wilkins, J. Ernest Jr. ............................ 335 Wirth, Niklaus ............................ 336 Wozniak, Stephen ................................338 THE PERSONAL COMPUTER ...................... 340 Yau, Shing-Tung ..................................343 Young, Grace Chisholm ............................345 Zuse, Konrad .....................................349 BERLIN'S KONRAD-ZUSE CENTRE FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ..............351 Time Line of Mathematics .......................353 Article Sources ......................... ...377 Photo Credits ........... ......... . . . .......379 Additional Resources ................... ......381 Glossary .................... .409 Index .....................................421