This is the residual class for the communication of information
or intelligence in the form of travelling stresses in an elastic
medium which are detected or generated by electric signal handling
means wherein the electric signal represents the communicated information or
intelligence.
This class provides for subject matter not classifiable elsewhere
comprising combinations of acoustic wave transmitters, receivers,
and electric signal processors as well as electrical acoustic wave
transmitters, receivers, and signal processors, per se, and subcombinations
of such devices whose proximate functions are limited to use in
acoustic wave communications.
Geometrical Instruments, particularly
subclass 307 for acoustic wave borehole telemetering combined
with gravity or earth"s magnetic field responsive means
to indicate the direction or inclination of the borehole.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 570+ for the measuring and testing of vibration, per
se, particularly subclasses 584+ for the measuring and
testing of vibration by mechanical (acoustic) waves.
Acoustics,
subclasses 101+ for mechanical compressional wave systems for geophysical explorations;
subclasses 123+ for miscellaneous mechanical sound echo
systems; and subclass 125 for mechanical sound locating devices.
Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, for means to convert mechanical energy, including acoustic
wave energy, into electric energy, and vice versa not restricted
to use in systems and devices of this class (367) type.
Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material,
Process,
subclasses 150+ for high temperature (Tc
30 K) superconducting device, and particularly subclasses 202+ for electric
communication system containing transmitter or receiver of pulse,
digital, or electromagnetic radio, television, or radar wave form.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising decoys or jamming systems for
rendering nonseismic echo systems or distance or direction finding systems
ineffective.
(1)
Note. The nonseismic echo or distance or direction finding
systems of this subclass type are the same as those defined in subclasses
87 and 118, respectively, below.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which receives acoustic wave energy from
a remote source and, in response, transmits radiant energy (e.g.,
radio or acoustic wave energy) to a remote point.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter which includes an underwater acoustic wave
receiver, the output of which modulates a radio transmitter contained
in a buoy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter including structure which automatically renders
an element or elements of the sonobuoy operative during descent
or after entering the water.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein acoustic waves reflected or refracted
from an object are used to form a visual representation of the exterior
of the object or to form an electrical signal or record from which
a visual representation of the object may be derived.
Surgery,
subclass 400 for acoustic imaging of the eye; subclass 500 for detecting
blood vessel pulsation, and subclass 509 for detecting electrical heart
beat signals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter in which the visible image is reconstructed
from data derived from the interference pattern of the reflected
or refracted acoustic waves and a coherent reference acoustic wave
or from electrical signals representative of such data.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter in which the reflected or refracted acoustic
waves are projected onto a fluid or other elastic surface to create
a ripple pattern.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the acoustic waves are received or
radiated in a directional pattern and wherein means are provided
to maintain a desired attitude of the pattern regardless of movement
of the support for the receiving or radiating means, or wherein
means is provided to counteract or neutralize undesired effects
due to movement of the support for the receiving or radiating means
(e.g., to correct for pitch, roll, or yaw of a vessel).
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having means which determines the accuracy,
operability, or operating characteristics of acoustic wave systems and
elements of the class type.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the medium through which the waves
travel comprises the earth or other planetary body and the system
or element provides an indication of the characteristics or location
of discontinuities (e.g., strata or foreign bodies) within the medium.
Acoustics,
subclasses 101+ for seismic prospecting systems which do not involve
the handling of electric signals which contain geophysical information.
Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing,
subclasses 14+ for computer and data processing system especially
designed to be used with seismic prospecting systems.
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Subject matter wherein the medium (earth) through which
the acoustic waves travel is covered by a body of water and wherein
the acoustic waves either emanate from the medium and travel through
the water to a detector or are detected at the medium/water
interface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein the relative depth or location of
the acoustic wave source or receiver is selectively varied or maintained
constant.
(1)
Note. Subject matter wherein the transducer is merely moved,
e.g., towed, is not classifiable in this subclass or the subclasses
indented hereunder without some provision for selectively changing its
path of motion or to maintain it in a certain path against external
influences.
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter wherein the position of the transducer is
controlled by structure interacting dynamically with the water surrounding
the transducer.
(1)
Note. Subject matter under subclass type is frequently referred
to in the art as a "paravane".
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter wherein the position of the transducer is
controlled by varying the bouyancy of the transducer or of structure
attached to it (e.g., towing cable).
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein the detector is attached to a line
(i.e., towing, mooring, and/or communication line) and
the distance of the line from some other object (e.g., another such
line) is measured.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter having a plurality of detectors or sets of
detectors each attached to different ones of a plurality of communication
and/or towing lines.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein electric signals representative of
the detected acoustic waves or constituents of such signals are
distinguished from one another or from other kinds of signals (e.g., noise)
and/or wherein the information or intelligence contained
in such signals pertaining to the characteristics or location of
the discontinuity is identified.
Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing,
subclasses 14+ for computer and data processing system especially
designed to be used with seismic prospecting systems, particularly
subclass 17 for filtering or noise reduction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter wherein the electric signal outputs of two
or more acoustic wave detectors responding to the same acoustic
wave input are made to differ from one another by a certain amount.
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter wherein the effects of the internal reflection
of acoustic waves within the body of water itself are eliminated
from or attenuated in the electric signals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Subject matter wherein the deflected acoustic waves are
detected by means which travels through a passageway in the earth.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 152.01+ for a well logging, per se, wherein the logging
is not a purely electrical test or a purely magnetic test, especially
subclasses 152.02+ for a process or an apparatus for borehole formation
logging wherein the logging is not a purely electrical test or a
purely magnetic test.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein detected waves are converted to electrical
signals having a characteristic (e.g., amplitude, timing) which
is compared with a standard to determine the acceptability of the
signal by the system.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the time interval between the transmission
and detection of an acoustic wave is used to determine some characteristic
of the acoustic medium (i.e., earth).
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the detected acoustic wave is converted
to an electric signal whose amplitude is used to determine some
characteristic of the acoustic medium (i.e., earth).
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Subject matter wherein the maximum amplitude of the signal
is used to determine some characteristic of the acoustic medium.
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Subject matter wherein differences in amplitudes are used
to determine some characteristic of the acoustic medium.
(1)
Note. The difference of this subclass type may be expressed
as ratios of amplitudes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Subject matter wherein the energy of propagating stresses
other than compressional stresses is measured.
(1)
Note. Propagating stresses of this subclass type include
shear waves, surface waves (which may be referred to as "Rayleigh", "Love", "tube" or
"Stoneley" waves), and refracted waves (which may
be referred to as "head" or "conical" waves).
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Subject matter wherein the amplitude measurement involves
the utilization or finding of a frequency characteristic of the
seismic signal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein an electric signal representing the
location of the detector in the passageway is recorded or utilized
by the system.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 152.01+ for a well logging, per se, wherein the logging
is not a purely electrical test or a purely magnetic test, especially
subclasses 152.02+ for a process or an apparatus for borehole formation
logging wherein there is a measurement of depth being correlated
with another borehole measurement being made and the logging is not
a purely electrical test or a purely magnetic test.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein particular cycles of the received
signals are analyzed or processed to provide particular information
or improved signal-to-noise response.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence pertains
to the passageway itself or to the lining of the passageway.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 152.01+ for a borehole testing, per se, wherein the test
is not a purely electrical test or a purely magnetic test, especially
subclass 152.57 for a process or an apparatus for testing a borehole
casing condition wherein the test is not purely electrical or purely
magnetic.
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Subject matter wherein alterations in the paths of acoustic
waves due to their passage through a discontinuity into a medium
of different velocity are detected and used to represent characteristics
or the location of the discontinuity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Subject matter wherein alterations in the paths of acoustic
waves deflected from a discontinuity without passing through it
are detected and used to represent characteristics of or the location
of the discontinuity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein various electrical signals representative
of the detected acoustic waves or constituents of such signals are
distinguished from one another or from other kinds of signals (e.g.,
noise) and/or wherein the information or intelligence contained
in such signals pertaining to the characteristics or location of
the discontinuity is identified.
Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing,
subclasses 14+ for computer and data processing system especially
designed to be used with seismic prospecting systems, particularly
subclass 17 for filtering or noise reduction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence is
the degree of linear relationship identified by comparing the signal
with some stochastic characteristic of the transmitted or other
reference signal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence is
identified by comparing the signal with signals from other detectors
in the system or with different time segments in the same signal.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes visual
correlation of signals or records of signals by a person.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein an acoustic wave emitted by the system
and reflected by a discontinuity is detected and the information
or intelligence therein identified by comparing the signal representative
of the detected wave with a signal representative of the emitted
wave.
(1)
Note. In the subject matter of this subclass type and signal
representative of the emitted wave may be produced by the detector
in response to the detection of waves arriving thereat directly
from the transmitter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence is
identified by comparing the signal representative of the detected
wave with another signal of known shape.
(1)
Note. The signal of known shape may also drive the acoustic
wave transmitter, the waves from which, reflected by discontinuities,
becoming the detected waves of the subject matter of this subclass.
The signal of known shape of this subclass type differ from "signal
representative of the emitted wave" of the preceding subclass
in that the signals driving the transmitter are not necessarily
the same as signals representative of the wave actually emitted
by the transmitter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter including means to attenuate and/or
separate selected signals or constituent parts of complex signals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein a plurality of selected signals or
constituent parts of complex signals may be attenuated or separated
simultaneously.
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein the signal selecting characteristics
of the filter are varied by the signal fed into the filter itself.
(1)
Note. Filters of this subclass type may appear to "learn" to
pass the proper signal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein the selecting or attenuating characteristics
are the opposite of similar characteristics of at least some part
of the acoustic wave medium or system.
(1)
Note. The filtering characteristics of the subject matter
of this subclass may be the inverse of such characteristics of the acoustic
wave medium or system as, for example, the transmitting transducer,
the receiving transducer, recording equipment, connecting cables,
the earth and transducer to earth coupling.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the distinction is made among the
amplitudes of the various signals or constituents thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the distinction is made among the
phases of the various signals or constituents thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the distinction is made among the
frequencies of the various signals or constituents thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter having means to correct or control the timing
of the various signals in order to compensate for undesired influences
of differences in acoustic wave paths.
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein the difference in acoustic wave paths
is caused by variations in the inclination of subsurface strata.
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein some or part of the paths lie in
the zone of relatively low velocity material near the earth"s
surface and the effect of such layer is to be compensated for.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein a plurality of receivers are particularly
located relative to one another and to the transmitter of acoustic
waves.
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter wherein a plurality of receivers or sources
are spaced from one another radially with respect to the center
of the earth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein a plurality of receivers are so located
relative to one another as to produce signals which when combined
are inherently analysed or corrected at least to some extent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter wherein signals are in digital form and are
composited by digital processing means other than a general digital
computer.
(1)
Note. A compositing process intended to be performed under
control of a program in a general purpose digital computer does
not constitute a basis for classification in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter wherein information or intelligence from
a certain direction is emphasized in the composite signal by delaying
the signals from certain receivers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter wherein signals from certain ones of the
receivers are modified in a predetermined manner before compositing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein an electrical signal representative
of a detected acoustic wave is converted into electromagnetic radiation
in the visible spectrum and is analyzed and/or corrected
at least in part in that state.
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter which may be applicable to the amplification
or attenuation of either digital or analog signals.
(1)
Note. Disclosures classifiable in this subclass may include
specific embodiments limited to, for example, analog signals but
which disclosures are comprehensive enough to be applicable to digital
signal gain control as well.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence is
converted from an electrical signal to a form (visually) perceptible
to a human being.
(1)
Note. The nominal recitation or broad disclosure of display
means is insufficient basis for classification in this subclass
and the subclasses indented hereunder. For classification here
some details of the means or steps which convert the signal from
one form to another must be recited.
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence displayed
is obtained from an acoustic wave detector which travels through
a passageway in the earth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter wherein the display extends or appears to
extend in three perpendicular directions in space.
Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling,
Simulation, and Emulation,
subclass 5 for electrical analog computer simulator of geophysical phenomena,
per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the information or intelligence pertaining
to the discontinuity appears in an electric signal variable (e.g., amplitude)
and is transferred to another signal variable (e.g., frequency).
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the acoustic waves consist of stresses
in a direction or plane perpendicular to the direction of travel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein electrical signals representative
of the acoustic waves are transmitted from the detector to a remote
part of the system.
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Subject matter wherein the signals are converted to and
transmitted as invisible electromagnetic radiation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Subject matter wherein a plurality of distinct electric
signals are transmitted over the same circuit virtually simultaneously.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein information or control signals are
transmitted through a passageway in the earth in the form of acoustic waves
in a medium in the passageway comprised of material different from
the surrounding earth.
Geometrical Instruments,
subclasses 306+ for acoustic wave wellbore telemetering systems
combined with gravity or earth"s magnetic field responsive
means to determine and indicate the direction or inclination of the
wellbore.
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 853.1+ for nonacoustic wave wellbore telemetering, particularly subclasses
855.6 and 856.4 for an acoustic transducer with a nonacoustic communication
link; and subclasses 870.01+ for generic telemetering systems.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter wherein the medium is, or is contained in,
means connecting a drill bit in the passageway to driving apparatus
on the earth"s surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Subject matter wherein the acoustic waves are generated
by rotational movement of structure which modulates the well fluid
flow.
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Subject matter wherein the acoustic waves are created by
linear movement of structure which modulates the flow of well fluid.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein information or intelligence pertaining
to the walls of a passageway through the earth is obtained from
a device which travels through the passageway and emits acoustic
waves into the medium contained within the passageway (e.g., air,
water) which are reflected from the walls back to the device and
detected.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein intelligence or information about
a foreign object or other discontinuity in the medium is communicated
in an acoustic wave reflected from the object or other discontinuity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter in which the paths of acoustic waves to and/or
from the transmitter-receiver are directed laterally and downwardly
into a body of water from a moving vessel on the body of water or
in which a topos:graphical record of the bottom of the body of water
is produced from acoustic waves received at the moving vessel.
(1)
Note. The contour mapping devices of this subclass type are
not limited to side scanning types.
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter for determining the rate of change of distance
between a transmitting-receiving device and the acoustic wave reflector.
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Subject matter which utilizes the frequency shift of the
reflected signal to determine the relative speed of the reflector.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 861.18+ for determining the rate of flow of a fluid by
measuring the doppler shift of an acoustic wave emitted into the
fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter in which the echo system is supported by
a moving platform whose relative speed is determined.
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter which produces sum and difference frequencies
by the nonlinear mixing of compressional waves within the propagating medium.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type may be referred
to as nonlinear or parametric acoustics.
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter which determines that a stationary or moving
object is within a given area but does not determine the object"s
specific distance or direction from the detecting station.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Subject matter wherein the frequency shift of the received
signal is utilized to determine presence or movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter wherein the reflected wave effects the regulation,
energization, variation, de-energization, or some other operation
of a device.
(1)
Note. The conventional energization of a mere indicating
or measuring instrument is not considered control and is therefore
insufficient basis for classification in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter in which the device is not an integral part
of the acoustic wave transmitting or receiving apparatus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Subject matter in which the output signal level of the acoustic
wave receiver or the minimum response level of some part of the
receiver is controlled by the reflected wave.
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter in which the extent of linear and/or
relative angular spacing between an acoustic wave reflector and
receiver is determined.
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter in which the degree of similarity between
the transmitted and received signals is measured by multiplying
the signals together and integrating the result, or in which a waveform
of known shape is separated from random perturbing noise by optimal
filtering.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter in which the frequency increases or decreases
repetitively at a constant rate between repetitions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter in which directional characteristics of a
transmitter or receiver are controlled so that the pattern of transmitted
or received acoustic wave energy is varied or caused to converge.
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein the transmitting or receiving element
is caused to change location or to turn about an axis.
(1)
Note. Transducers which are fixed relative to a vehicle and
which only move by virtue of the movement of the vehicle are not
considered beam steering or scanning transducers of this subclass
type.
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter in which the directional characteristics
are varied by selectively or repetitively opening or closing the
electric signal path to the transducer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter in which the indicator displays the distance
or direction in numerical (as opposed to analog) form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter in which the display device is an evacuated
tube with a luminescent screen activated by a controlled electron
beam.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter in which the display device is a meter of
the moving coil type having a coil which pivots between permanent
magnets, e.g., a volt meter or ammeter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter in which the display device provides a relatively
long-lasting display of a transient indication.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, a moving stylus display device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter wherein the indication is presented in such
a way as to be perceivable through the sense of hearing or the sense
of touch.
PLURAL TRANSMITTERS TO RECEIVER OR TRANSMITTER TO PLURAL
RECEIVERS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising systems in which two or more acoustic
wave transmitters send acoustic signals to an acoustic wave receiver-transducer,
or in which an acoustic wave transmitter sends acoustic signals
to two or more acoustic wave receiver-transducers.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in which the extent of linear and/or
relative angular spacing between an acoustic wave emitter and receiver
is determined.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass may determine the
range, azimuth and/or elevation of an acoustic wave source.
(2)
Note. The acoustic wave emitter need not be a part of the
distance and/or direction finding system itself.
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter in which directional characteristics of the
receiver are controlled so that the directions of optimal reception
are varied or concentrated.
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter wherein the directional characteristics are
varied by changing the location of the transducer or by rotating
it about an axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter wherein the directional characteristics are
varied or concentrated by varying some functional characteristic
of the electrical circuitry associated with the transducer.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type may consist of,
for example, a plurality of transducers whose directions of maximum
sensitivity do not coincide and which are connected to common signal
processing circuitry in such a way that signals from individual
transducers may be selectively attenuated to thereby effectively
increase the sensitivity of the whole receiver in directions corresponding
to the directions of maximum sensitivity of the transducer whose
signals are unattenuated.
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the directional characteristics are
varied by selectively or repetitively opening and closing the electrical
signal path from the transducer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the electrical circuitry associated
with the transducer includes means for changing the travel time
of a signal from the input of the means to its output.
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein a signal is derived from the combination
of the signals in two or more receiving channels (as by addition
or multiplication) or from the measurement of the degree of similarity
between such signals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter in which the degree of similarity of received
signals is measured by multiplying the signals together and integrating
the results and/or by measuring the difference in phase between
them.
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter in which the combined signal is the result
of the addition or subtraction of a signal in one channel to or
from, respectively, a signal in another channel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter in which the period of time elapsing between
reception of compressional wave signals at separate transducers
is measured.
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter in which at least a portion of the distance
and/or direction finding device is pulled or hauled through
the acoustic medium by a vehicle which is specifically separated from
the device.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising an acoustic wave/electric
signal transducer electrically connected to signal processing circuitry wherein
the acoustic wave medium is water.
(1)
Note. The electric signal processing circuitry of this subclass
type includes any circuit which is used to deliberately alter the
signal. Mere interconnection means such as transducer leads do
not constitute signal processing circuitry of this subclass type.
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter in which continuous acoustic wave signals
having an amplitude, phase, or frequency proportional to voice modulations are
transmitted and/or received.
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein acoustic waves are transmitted to
activate or otherwise affect the operation of a device located at
a distance from the acoustic wave source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter in which acoustic waves modulated by a specific
source are transmitted, received, and demodulated.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to convert acoustic energy
into electrical signals connected to electric signal processing
means.
(1)
Note. The electric signal processing means of this subclass
type may, in conjunction with the transducer, determine the presence
or movement of an acoustic wave emitter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter wherein the circuitry is responsive to acoustic
energy generated by the emplacement of a body within the region
of sensitivity of the transducer.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, intrusion alarms.
Communications: Electrical,
subclass 566 for nonacoustic wave-type vibration detectors used
to detect the intrusion or movement of a vibration producing body.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising electrical wave generating circuitry
coupled to an acoustic wave transducer-emitter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter in which directional characteristics of the
transmitter are controlled so that the pattern of transmitted acoustic
wave energy is varied or caused to converge.
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter in which the emitted energy is used to affect
the behavior of animals including insects and humans.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to convert energy in the
form of acoustic waves into energy in the form of electric signals
or vice versa.
(1)
Note. The proximate functions of transducers classifiable
in this subclass or in the subclasses indented hereunder limit them
to use in acoustic wave systems of this class type. For a complete
search for similar transducers of other or general utility, see
the search notes to the appropriate subclasses indented hereunder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter comprising transducers which are only capable
of converting electric signals into acoustic waves.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass type is distinguished
from the type of transducer which is capable of converting electric
signals into acoustic waves and vice versa. Such transducers are excluded
from this subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter wherein compressed gases are released underwater
creating a travelling acoustic wave front in the water.
Acoustics,
subclass 116 for solid and liquid explosives; and subclass 117 for
gas explosives which are ignited under water by other than electrical means
for acoustic effects.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter which are submersed in water and produce
acoustic waves therein by abruptly reducing their volume.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter wherein underwater transducer produces an
electric spark in the surrounding water which creates an acoustic
shock wave.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter comprising either an electrically driven
bell or an electrically driven siren.
(1)
Note. The sirens and bells, per se, of this subclass type
are of the type defined in subclasses 147 and 148, respectively,
of Class 116, Signals and Indicators.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter comprising transducers which are only capable
of converting acoustic waves into electrical signals.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass type is distinguished
from the type of transducer which is capable of converting acoustic
waves into electric signals and vice versa. Such transducers are excluded
from this subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter combined with an acoustically transparent
means which changes the direction of a ray of acoustic wave energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter combined with an acoustically opaque means
to change the direction of a ray of acoustic wave energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter having means to mechanically couple the transucer
to the medium in which it is immersed in such a way as to permit
the maximum amount of energy transfer at selected wave lengths beetween
the transducer and the medium.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter comprising a plurality of transducers having
electrically distinguishable inputs or outputs arranged in a definite
spatial relationship with respect to one another.
(1)
Note. A plurality of spatially arranged transducer elements
having only one electrical output or input at which the effects
of the individual elements are indistinguishable is considered to
a unitary transducer and not an array of this subclass type.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein the energy is converted by a material
which exhibits an electrostatic polarization when subjected to mechanical stress
or which exhibits mechanical stress tending to produce deflection,
expansion, or contraction when subjected to electrical stress.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the piezoelectric element has a mass
acting as a driving or driven piston at one end of its axis and
a relatively stationary inertial mass at the other end.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the mechanical stresses applied to
or produced in the piezoelectric element include a coplanar pair
or oppositely directed moments of mechanical force.
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter having two piezoelectric elements so joined
and oriented relative to one another that one expands while the
other contracts to produce a bending-type stress in the composite
structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the piezoelectric element is combined
with structure whose natural frequency of vibration is disclosed
as being either the same as the operating frequency of the element
or such as to absorb or attenuate undesired wave energy emanating
from or applied to the piezoelectric element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter having a flexible member which couples vibrations
in an acoustic medium to or from the piezoelectric element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein a plurality of electrodes on its
surface form a plurality of discrete radiating areas.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the transducer is filled with a liquid
for transmitting acoustic wave to or from a fluid medium.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein means is provided to counteract the
effects on the transducer of the static pressure of the surrounding
water.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein the acoustic wave energy causes or
is caused by changes in the dimensions or internal stresses of a
ferromagnetic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein a single transducer is composed of
multiple transducer elements spaced from one another in extended
linear or arcuate formats.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein acoustic wave energy acts on or is
caused by a dielectric body having separated, permanent electric
poles of opposite polarity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein means is provided to counteract the
effects on the transducer of the static pressure of the surrounding
water.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter having a flexible member which couples vibrations
in an acoustic medium to or from the transducer element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein the transducer element is combined
with structure whose natural frequency of vibration is disclosed
as being either the same as the operating frequency of the element
or such as to absorb to attenuate undesired wave energy emanating
from or applied to the element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter comprising a plurality of transducers mounted
in or on a cable-like structure which supports the transducers for
movement with the cable-like structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein a body suspended from a fixed point
swings in an arcuate manner in response to incident acoustic wave
energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein acoustic wave energy is converted
into electrical energy by a material which exhibits an electrostatic
polarization when subjected to mechanical stress.
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter comprising an electrical capacitor whose
electrical parameters are varied by changes in its mechanical parameters
brought about by acoustic wave energy.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, two spaced plates connectible in an electrical circuit, whose
spacing is varied by the force of incident acoustic wave.
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter in which acoustic wave forces move an electric
coil relative to a ferromagnetic core so as to induce electric signals
in the coil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Subject matter having resilient means to support the coil
radially with respect to the core in such a way as to permit relative
movement of the coil axially with respect to the core.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Subject matter wherein the coil is supported for angular
movement about an axis spaced from and transverse to the axis of
the coil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein acoustic wave forces move a permanent
magnet relative to an electric coil in such a way as to induce an
electric signal in the coil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein the magnet is supported for angular
movement about an axis spaced from and transverse to the axis of
the coil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter having resilient means to support the magnet
radially with respect to the coil in such a way as to permit relative
movement of the magnet axially with respect to the coil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 189. Subject matter in which a portion of the output of the generator
is used to control the operation of the generator itself.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for controlling the operation of one or more
devices to obtain a plurality of results by transmission of a designated
one of plural distinctive acoustic control signals over a smaller
number of communications channels than the number of distinct results.
(1)
Note. Included herein are plural addressable receiving devices.
(2)
Note. Underwater remote control is excluded from this subclass,
and is classified in subclass 133.
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 825+ for similar subject matter using communication
lines other than acoustical, and the search notes thereto for other
pertinent subject matter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Subject matter in which the control signals are actuated
or modified in accordance with an audible mechanical vibration produced
by a human being.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Subject matter wherein each control signal is a vibratory
wave having a distinctive frequency characteristic.
Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and
Devices,
subclass 110 for voice controlled audio signal systems.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses are collections of published disclosures
pertaining to various specified aspects of the electroacoustic communication
art which do not form appropriate bases for subclasses in the foregoing
classification.All copies of U.S. patents to be found in the following
subclasses are cross-reference copies, the originals of which appear
in the foregoing subclasses or elsewhere.Therefore, these cross-reference
art collections serve primarily either as a starting point in searching
this class or an indication of further fields of search inside or
outside the class. In no case should any of these collections be
considered exhaustive of the subject matter provided for by them.
NOISE OR UNWANTED SIGNAL REDUCTION IN NONSEISMIC RECEIVING
SYSTEM:
Receiving systems other than those used for detecting acoustic
waves in earth wherein the effects of interference are diminished
or compensated for.
(1)
Note. Excluded from this collection are conventional filtering
techniques, time varied gain control systems, and side lobe reduction
systems which are provided for in other cross-reference art collections
in this class.
Acoustic wave echo systems or distance and direction finding
systems wherein correction is made for errors which would otherwise
be introduced by variations in the propagation of acoustic waves.
Acoustic wave systems wherein correction is provided for
errors which would otherwise occur because of an apparant frequency
shift in an acoustic wave due to relative movement between source
and receiver.
Acoustic wave echo systems or distance and direction finding
systems in which signals received from portions of a transducer
array other than the main lobe are diminished or eliminated, the
directive pattern of an array being modified by adjusting the distribution
of signal phase and/or amplitude over the array.
Acoustic wave systems for detecting airborne acoustic waves
generated by the movement of a ballistic missile, projectile, or
other shock-wave generating device through the air.
Acoustic wave echo systems or distance or direction finding
systems in which the receiving system produces at least a pair of
numbers which define the location of the source (e.g., numbers representing
ordinate and abscissa or range and bearing).
This subclass is indented under subclass 911. Subject matter wherein the system uses a specific type of
acoustic transducer to transmit and/or receive seismic
waves.
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