Catalogue Query Results
Russellaspis pustulans principe (Castel-Branco)NOMENCLATURE:
Asterolecanium pustulans principe Castel-Branco, 1964: 629. Type data: PRINCIPE ISLAND: on coffee and cacao, December 1963. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Lisbon: Coleccoes do Centro de Zoologia do Instituto de Investigacao Cientifica Tropical, Portugal. Described: female.
HOSTS: Rubiaceae: Coffea [Castel1964]. Sterculiaceae: Theobroma cacao [Castel1964].
DISTRIBUTION: Afrotropical: Sao Tome and Principe (Principe [Castel1964, Castel1971]).
GENERAL REMARKS: Description and illustration of the adult female given by Castel-Branco (1971).
SYSTEMATICS: Castel-Branco (1971) again described this species while referring to it as n. sp. The original description of 1963 was valid, and the species should be dated 1963.
CITATIONS: Castel1964 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 629-631]; Castel1971 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution, life history, biological control: 27-36]; MendesFe1989 [taxonomy: 56].
Russellaspis pustulans pustulans (Cockerell)NOMENCLATURE:
Asterodiaspis pustulans Cockerell, 1892h: 142. Type data: JAMAICA:. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female.
Asterolecanium pustulans; Cockerell, 1893d: 8. Change of combination.
Planchonia pustulans; Cockerell, 1893h: 77. Change of combination.
Asterolecanium pustulans sambuci Cockerell, 1903d: 112. Type data: EGYPT: Cairo, on Sambucus sp. Syntypes, female. Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA. Described: female. Synonymy by Russell, 1941: 165.
Asterolecanium pustulans seychellarum Green, 1910: 3-5. Type data: SEYCHELLE ISLANDS: on Hevea brasiliensis. Syntypes. Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK. Described: female. Synonymy by Russell, 1941: 165.
Asterolecanium sambuci; Bodenheimer, 1935: 265. Change of status.
Asterolecanium morini Mamet, 1937: 176. Type data: MAURITIUS: Port Louis, on stems of Pentas cornea. Holotype female. Type depository: Paris: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, France. Described: female. Illust. Synonymy by Mamet, 1939: 239.
Russellaspis pustulans; Borchsenius, 1960d: 154. Change of combination.
COMMON NAMES: oleander pit scale [StumpfLa2006].
FOES: HYMENOPTERA Aphelinidae: Aspidiotiphagus citrinus [SchmutKlLu1957]. Encyrtidae: Euaphycus portoricensis Dozzier [SchmutKlLu1957], Metaphycus reticulata (Dozzier) [SchmutKlLu1957]. Miscogasteridae: Tomocera californica Howard [Zimmer1948]. THYSANOPTERA Phlaeothripidae: Haplothrips cahirensis Trybom [SchmutKlLu1957], Karnyothrips flavipes Jones [SchmutKlLu1957].
HOSTS: Acanthaceae: Daedalacanthus [MerrilCh1923], Eranthemum [Riddic1955], Graptophyllum pictum [Ballou1926], Jacobina [Riddic1955], Jacobinia mohintli [Ballou1926], Strobilanthes [Riddic1955]. Agavaceae: Agave [Riddic1955, Russel1941]. Amaranthaceae: Alternanthera [Habib1957]. Anacardiaceae: Mangifera [Russel1941, Riddic1955], Mangifera indica [Ballou1926, Lepage1938, Zimmer1948, Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997], Rhus leucantha [Ballou1926]. Annonaceae: Annona [Lepage1938, Russel1941], Annona squamosa [Ballou1926, Riddic1955, Habib1957]. Apocynaceae: Carissa [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Carissa edulis [Habib1957], Carissa grandiflora [Riddic1955, Habib1957], Ervatamia coronaria [Riddic1955], Nerium [Lepage1938, Russel1941, Riddic1955], Nerium oleander [Brain1920, Ballou1926, Zimmer1948, Habib1957, WilliaWa1990], Plumeria [Russel1941], Tabernaemontana [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Trachelospermum [Riddic1955]. Araliaceae: Didymopanax morotatoni [Ballou1926], Hedera [Riddic1955], Hedera helix [Ballou1926], Schefflera [Riddic1955]. Arecaceae: Palma [Riddic1955]. Asclepiadaceae: Asclepias [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Stephanotis [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Stephanotis floribunda [Ballou1926]. Bignoniaceae: Bignonia speciosa [Russel1941], Jacaranda [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Riddic1955], Jacaranda mimosaefolia [Habib1957], Pyrostegia [Riddic1955], Tecoma smithii [Habib1957]. Bombacaceae: Ceiba pentandra [Russel1941], Gossampinus malabarica [TangHa1995], Montezuma speciossima [Russel1941]. Boraginaceae: Cordia mixa [Habib1957], Heliotropium peruvianum [Ballou1926], Tournefortia pubescens [Kuwana1902a]. Brassicaceae: Brassica oleracea [Habib1957]. Burseraceae: Bursera simaruba [Riddic1955]. Cactaceae: Melocactus [Russel1941]. Caprifoliaceae: Symphoricarpos [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Viburnum tinus [Habib1957]. Caricaceae: Carica papaya [WilliaWa1990]. Casuarinaceae: Casuarina equisetifolia [Russel1941]. Chrysobalanaceae: Chrysobalanus [Riddic1955]. Combretaceae: Quisqualis indica [Ballou1926]. Convolvulaceae: Porana paniculata [Ballou1926]. Crassulaceae: Bryophyllum [Russel1941], Sedum [Russel1941]. Cucurbitaceae: Momordica balsaminal [Russel1941]. Ebenaceae: Diospyros [Riddic1955]. Elaeagnaceae: Elaeagnus [Riddic1955]. Erythroxylaceae: Erythroxylum coca [Ballou1926]. Euphorbiaceae: Croton [Russel1941], Euphorbia [Russel1941], Euphorbia pulcherrima [Ballou1926, Riddic1955], Hevea [Russel1941], Hevea brasiliensis [Russel1941], Manihot [Russel1941], Pedilanthus [Riddic1955], Sapium [Russel1941, Zimmer1948]. Fabaceae: Acacia [Russel1941, Riddic1955], Acacia arabica [Habib1957], Acacia decurrens [Habib1957], Albizia lebbek [Habib1957], Baryxylum africanum [Russel1941], Bauhinia [Russel1941, Riddic1955, Habib1957], Bauhinia tomentosa [Ballou1926], Caesalpinia [Habib1957], Cajanus [Russel1941], Cajanus indicus [Habib1957], Calliandra [Riddic1955], Cassia [Riddic1955], Cassia alata [Ballou1926], Cassia fistula [Habib1957], Clitoria [Riddic1955], Crotalaria [Riddic1955], Erythrina [Varshn1992], Leucaena glauca [Cocker1896d, Russel1941, WilliaWa1990], Pithecellobium [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Pithecellobium [Habib1957], Poinciana [Russel1941, Riddic1955], Prosopis [Russel1941, Zimmer1948, Habib1957], Robinia pseudacacia [Habib1957], Sesbania aegyptiaca [Habib1957], Tamarindus [Russel1941], Tamarindus indica [Habib1957], Tephrosia toxicaria [Russel1941], Tipuana tipu [Riddic1955], Vachellia farnesiana [Russel1941]. Fagaceae: Quercus [Riddic1955]. Flacourtiaceae: Dovyalis [Riddic1955], Flacourtia [Riddic1955], Flacourtia ramontchi [Russel1941]. Geraniaceae: Geranium [Riddic1955], Pelargonium radula [Ballou1926]. Guttiferae: Clusia rosea [Ballou1926]. Lauraceae: Persea [Russel1941, Zimmer1948]. Lythraceae: Cuphea [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Lagerstroemia [Riddic1955]. Magnoliaceae: Magnolia [Russel1941]. Malvaceae: Abutilon [Habib1957], Gossypium [Russel1941, Riddic1955, Habib1957], Hibiscus [MerrilCh1923, Lepage1938, Russel1941, Zimmer1948, Riddic1955], Hibiscus esculentus [Habib1957], Hibiscus mutabilis [Ballou1926], Hibiscus rosasinensis [Ballou1926, Habib1957], Malachra [Russel1941], Sida antillensis [Russel1941], Thespesia populnea [Ballou1926]. Meliaceae: Melia azedarach [Ballou1926, Riddic1955, Habib1957]. Moraceae: Artocarpus altilis [WilliaWa1990], Castilloa [Russel1941, Riddic1955], Ficus [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Ficus aurea [Riddic1955], Ficus capensis [Riddic1955], Ficus carica [Theoba1904, Ballou1926, Lepage1938, Zimmer1948, Riddic1955, Habib1957, WilliaWa1990, MohammMoMo1997], Ficus elastica [Riddic1955], Ficus glomerata [Riddic1955], Ficus infectoria [Riddic1955, Habib1957], Ficus mysorensis [Riddic1955], Ficus nitida [Habib1957], Ficus religiosa [Ballou1926], Ficus sycomorus [Theoba1904, Habib1957], Ficus utilis [Riddic1955], Morus [Russel1941, Riddic1955, Habib1957], Morus alba [Lepage1938, MohammMoMo1997]. Musaceae: Musa paradisiacca [MohammMoMo1997]. Myricaceae: Myrica cerifera [Riddic1955]. Myrsinaceae: Rapanea guianensis [Russel1941]. Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus [Habib1957], Eugenia [Riddic1955], Myrtus [Riddic1955], Psidium guajava [Ballou1926, Russel1941], Syzygium [Riddic1955]. Nyctaginaceae: Bougainvillea [MerrilCh1923, Lepage1938, Russel1941, Riddic1955, Habib1957]. Oleaceae: Jasminum [Russel1941, Riddic1955, Habib1957], Jasminum humile [Ballou1926], Jasminum sambac [Ballou1926, Zimmer1948], Olea europaea [Lepage1938, Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997]. Orchidaceae: Vanda teres [Russel1941]. Passifloraceae: Passiflora [Russel1941, Riddic1955], Passiflora edulis [WilliaWa1990], Passiflora quadrangularis [Habib1957], Passiflora vitifolia [Zimmer1948]. Pittosporaceae: Pittosporum [Riddic1955, Habib1957]. Plumbaginaceae: Plumbago [Riddic1955]. Poaceae: Bambusa [Yang1982]. Polygonaceae: Coccoloba uvifera [Riddic1955]. Portulacaceae: Talinum [Riddic1955]. Proteaceae: Grevillea [Riddic1955, Habib1957], Grevillea robusta [Ballou1926, Lepage1938, Russel1941, Zimmer1948, WilliaWa1990]. Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Riddic1955, Habib1957]. Rosaceae: Crataegus [Habib1957], Cydonia [Russel1941], Cydonia oblonga [Ballou1926], Cydonia vulgaris [Lepage1938], Eriobotrya [Habib1957], Malus [Brain1920], Prunus armeniaca [Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997], Prunus avium [Riddic1955], Prunus domestica [Habib1957], Prunus persica [Ballou1926, Riddic1955, Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997], Prunus (amygdalus) [Lepage1938, Russel1941, Riddic1955], Pyrus [Lepage1938], Pyrus communis [Ballou1926, Riddic1955, Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997], Pyrus cydoniae, Pyrus malus [Ballou1926, Russel1941, Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997], Rosa [Riddic1955, Habib1957]. Rubiaceae: Gardenia [Riddic1955], Ixora [Riddic1955], Morinda citrifolia [WilliaWa1990], Pentas [Riddic1955], Pentas carnea [Mamet1937], Psychotria [Russel1941, Riddic1955]. Rutaceae: Aeglopsis chevalieri [Ballou1926], Balsamocitrus paniculata [Ballou1926], Citrus [Riddic1955], Fagara martinicensis [Ballou1926], Murraya exotica [Ballou1926]. Salicaceae: Salix [Habib1957]. Sambucaceae: Sambucus [Russel1941]. Sapindaceae: Blighia sapida [Ballou1926, Russel1941], Casimiroa tetromeria [Russel1941], Cupania edulis [Russel1941], Cupania macrophylla [Ballou1926]. Sapotaceae: Achras zapota [Ballou1926, Riddic1955, Russel1941], Calocarpum mammosum [Russel1941], Chrysophyllum caissita [Russel1941], Dipholis [Riddic1955], Sapota acra [Habib1957]. Scrophulariaceae: Russelia juncea [Russel1941]. Smilacaceae: Smilax [Riddic1955]. Solanaceae: Capsicum frutescens [WilliaWa1990], Cestrum [Riddic1955], Cestrum nocturnum [Ballou1926], Solanum [Habib1957]. Sterculiaceae: Assonia [MerrilCh1923], Dombeya [MerrilCh1923], Guazuma tomentosa [Habib1957], Sterculia [Habib1957], Theobroma cacao [WilliaWa1990]. Theaceae: Cleyera japonica [Riddic1955], Taonabea stahlii [Russel1941], Thea sinensis [Cen1986, Devnat1986]. Ulmaceae: Celtis [Riddic1955], Trema [Riddic1955]. Urticaceae: Boehmeria nivea [Russel1941], Cecropia [Russel1941, Riddic1955]. Verbenaceae: Callicarpa americana [Riddic1955], Clerodendrum [MerrilCh1923, Riddic1955], Duranta [Habib1957], Lantana [Russel1941, Zimmer1948, Riddic1955]. Vitaceae: Vitis [Riddic1955], Vitis vinifera [Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997]. Xanthophyllaceae: Xanthophyllum [Russel1941].
DISTRIBUTION: Afrotropical: Agalega Islands [Mamet1978]; Cape Verde [Fernan1975, VanHarCoWi1990]; Comoros [Mamet1960]; Mauritius [Mamet1937, Mamet1943a]; Mozambique [Russel1941]; Seychelles [Russel1941]; South Africa [Brain1920, MerrilCh1923]. Australasian: Bonin Islands (=Ogasawara-Gunto) [Kawai1987]; Fiji [WilliaWa1990]; French Polynesia [WilliaWa1990]; Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii [Cocker1895x, Ehrhor1916, MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Zimmer1948, Koszta1996]); Kiribati [WilliaWa1990]; New Caledonia [WilliaWa1990, Willia2007a]; Tuvalu [WilliaWa1990]. Nearctic: Mexico [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941] (Baja California Norte [Ferris1921, MerrilCh1923, Miller1996]). Nearctic: Mexico (Chihuahua [Miller1996]). Nearctic: Mexico (Colima [Miller1996], Sinola [Miller1996], Tamaulipas [Miller1996], Veracruz [Miller1996]); United States of America (Florida [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Koszta1996], Louisiana [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Koszta1996], New York [MerrilCh1923], North Carolina [Kuwana1902a], Texas [Koszta1996]). Neotropical: Antigua and Barbuda (Antigua [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941]); Bahamas [MerrilCh1923]; Barbados [Russel1941]; Brazil [MerrilCh1923] (Bahia [Russel1941]); Colombia [Figuer1946, Figuer1952, Kondo2001]; Costa Rica [StumpfLa2006]; Cuba [MerrilCh1923, Ballou1926, Russel1941]; Dominican Republic [Russel1941]; Galapagos Islands [CaustoPeSi2006]; Grenada [Cocker1896d, MerrilCh1923, Russel1941]; Guadeloupe [MatileEt2006]; Guyana [Cocker1893h, Bodkin1917, MerrilCh1923]; Haiti [Russel1941, PerezG2008]; Jamaica [Cocker1893h, Cocker1896, MerrilCh1923, Russel1941]; Martinique [MatileEt2006]; Montserrat [Cocker1893h, MerrilCh1923, Russel1941]; Nicaragua [Russel1941]; Panama [Russel1941]; Panama Canal Zone [Russel1941]; Peru [Russel1941]; Puerto Rico & Vieques Island (Puerto Rico [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Martor1976]); Saint Croix [Beatty1944]; Saint Martin & St. Barthelemy (Saint Barthelemy [MatileEt2006], Saint Martin [MatileEt2006]); Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad [Russel1941]); U.S. Virgin Islands [MerrilCh1923, Russel1941]. Oriental: China (Zhejiang (=Chekiang) [Cen1986]); India (West Bengal [Devnat1986]); Indonesia (Irian Jaya [WilliaWa1990]); Pakistan [Varshn1992]; Taiwan [Russel1941]. Palaearctic: China [Yang1982, TangHa1995]; Egypt [Theoba1904, Hall1922, MerrilCh1923, Russel1941, Habib1957, MohammMoMo1997]; Israel [Bodenh1924, Russel1941]; Saudi Arabia [Shalab1961, Beccar1971].
GENERAL REMARKS: Description and illustration of adult female by Mamet (1937) (as A. morini, Russell (1941), Habib (1957), Borchsenius (1960d), Williams & Watson (1990), Tang & Hao (1995) and by Kosztarab (1996). Test of female, male and nymph described and illustrated by Russell (1941). Description and illustration of first- and second-instar nymph by Mohammad et al. (1997).
STRUCTURE: Female induces the formation of shallow pits on twigs of host plants. Photograph of pit galls by Gullan et al. (2004)
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND CONTROL: A pest of tea in Zhejiang, China (Cen, 1986). A serious pest of apple trees in China (Abd El-Salam & Mangoud, 2001).
KEYS: Russell 1941: 12-26 (female) [Species of Asterolecanium]; Russell 1941: 26-35 (larva) [Species of Asterolecanium].
CITATIONS: AbdElSMa2001 [host, distribution, economic importance, life history, chemical control: 33-44]; Alfier1929 [host, distribution: 8a]; Ali1970a [catalogue: 147]; Ballou1926 [host, distribution: 11-12]; Bartle1978a [economic importance, biological control, host, distribution: 47]; Beatty1944 [host, distribution: 114-172]; Beccar1971 [host, distribution: 193]; Bodenh1924 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 73-75]; Bodenh1929b [host, distribution: 112]; Bodenh1935 [taxonomy: 265]; Bodenh1935b [life history, host, distribution: 306]; Bodenh1935c [host, distribution: 1156]; Bodkin1917 [host, distribution: 107]; Borchs1960d [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 154-157]; Brain1920 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 111]; CaustoPeSi2006 [distribution: 137]; Cen1986 [life history, economic importance, chemical control, host, distribution : 27-28]; Clause1958 [economic importance, biological control: 291-310]; Cocker1892h [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 142-143]; Cocker1893cc [taxonomy, host, distribution: 102]; Cocker1893d [taxonomy, host, distribution: 8]; Cocker1893h [taxonomy, description, host, distribution : 77-78]; Cocker1895x [host, distribution: 259]; Cocker1896 [host, distribution: 8]; Cocker1896d [host, distribution: 306]; Cocker1903d [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 112]; CockerRo1915a [host, distribution: 428]; DahlstHa1999 [economic importance: 919-933]; DeanSc1970 [host, distribution, economic importance, natural enemies, control: 158-163]; Devnat1986 [host, distribution: 27-28]; Dozier1926a [biological control: 97]; Ehrhor1916 [taxonomy, distribution: 235]; EzzatNa1987 [distribution: 86]; FangWuXu2001 [host, distribution: 106]; Fernal1903b [catalogue: 52]; Fernan1975 [host, distribution: 42-43]; Ferris1921 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 72-73]; Ferris1955a [host, distribution, economic importance: 25, 28]; Figuer1946 [host, distribution: 199-200]; Figuer1952 [host, distribution: 206]; FrohliRo1970 [host, distribution, economic importance: 1-10]; Giliom2001 [taxonomy, distribution: 87]; Green1910 [host, distribution, economic importance: 3-5]; Green1915e [host, distribution: 608-636]; Habib1943 [taxonomy, description, life history: 87-111]; Habib1957 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution : 372, 374-376]; HakkonPi1984 [biological control: 1109-1121]; Hall1922 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 4-6]; Hall1923 [host, distribution: 32]; Hempel1900a [taxonomy, description, host, record: 409]; IsmailAb2001 [host, distribution, chemical control: 355-364]; Kawai1987 [host, distribution: 78]; Kondo2001 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 40]; Koszta1996 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 292, 294-295]; KozarDr1998 [catalogue: 31-32]; KozarFoZa1996 [host, distribution: 65]; Kuwana1902a [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 29, 30]; Lepage1938 [catalogue: 337]; Lindin1910c [host, distribution: 440]; Lindin1936 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 149-150]; Mamet1937 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 176]; Mamet1939 [taxonomy, description: 239]; Mamet1943a [host, distribution: 150]; Mamet1946 [taxonomy: 245]; Mamet1949 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 20-21]; Mamet1960 [host, distribution: 156]; Mamet1978 [host, distribution: 106]; Martor1976 [host, distribution: 1-303]; MatileEt2006 [host, distribution: 163]; MerrilCh1923 [taxonomy, description, host, distribution: 277-278]; Miller1996 [catalogue, distribution: 69]; MohammMoMo1997 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 197-199, 225-226]; PerezG2008 [distribution: 213]; Quaint1897 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 91]; Riddic1955 [host: 2]; Russel1941 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 165-168,230,291]; SalamaHa1974 [host, distribution, life history, economic importance: 200-204]; Sassce1911 [taxonomy: 62]; SchmutKlLu1957 [host, distribution, economic importance: 451]; Shalab1961 [host, distribution: 216]; Silves1934 [economic importance, host, distribution: 3-24]; Stickn1934 [taxonomy: 149]; StumpfLa2006 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host distribution: 187-193]; Sweetm1958 [biological control, economic importance: 449-458]; SwirskWyIz2002 [taxonomy, host, distribution, life history: 93]; TangHa1995 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 412-413, 585, 700]; Tao1989 [catalogue: 58]; Tao1999 [taxonomy, host, distribution: 47]; Theoba1904 [host, distribution: 188]; VanHarCoWi1990 [host, distribution: 135]; Varshn1992 [host, distribution: 71]; WatersDrPs1976 [biological control: 313]; Willia2007a [host, distribution: 1346]; WilliaWa1990 [taxonomy, description, illustration, host, distribution: 196-198]; Wolcot1958 [host, distribution, biological control, economic importance: 511-513]; Yang1982 [host, distribution: 124]; Zimmer1948 [host, distribution: 279-280].
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