2007 National Transit Summaries and Trends

Table of Contents

Introduction. 1

General Information. 1

Transit Modes. 1

Bus. 1

Commuter Rail 1

Heavy Rail 2

Demand Response. 2

Light Rail 2

Vanpool 2

Rounding and Inflation. 2

Web Information. 2

Transit in the United States. 4

Total Federal Assistance (Capital and Operating) Applied to Transit and Unlinked Passenger Trips. 4

Concepts. 4

Comments. 4

Number of Transit Agencies. 4

Concepts. 4

Comments. 5

Table 1: Number of Agencies Reporting by Year by Mode between 1998 - 2007. 6

Vehicle Revenue Miles. 6

Concepts. 6

Comments. 6

Table 2: Vehicle Revenue Miles (Millions) 1998 - 2007. 7

Unlinked Passenger Trips by Mode. 7

Comments. 7

Distribution of Vehicle Revenue Miles and Unlinked Passenger Trips by Mode. 8

Relative Impact on Data by UZA Size Group. 9

Concepts. 9

Comments. 9

Rural Transit 10

Concepts. 10

Comments. 10

Operating and Capital Funding - Rural 10

Concepts. 10

Comments. 11

Service Supplied and Consumed. 11

Table 3: Rural Service Supplied and Consumed - 2007. 11

Table 4: Rural Safety. 12

Total Number of Subrecipients. 12

Safety Incidents. 12

Average Safety Incidents per Subrecipient 12

Operating Costs and Performance Measures. 12

Operating Expenses. 12

Concepts. 12

Comments. 12

Operating Expense by Function and Object Class. 13

Concepts. 13

Comments. 13

Cost Effectiveness (Operating Expense per Unlinked Passenger Trip) 13

Concepts. 13

Comments. 14

Table 5: Operating Expense per Unlinked Passenger Trip 1998 – 2007  (Constant 2000 Dollars) 14

Cost Efficiency (Operating Expense per Vehicle Revenue Hour) 15

Concepts. 15

Comments. 15

Table 6: Operating Expense per Vehicle Revenue Hour 1998 - 2007. 16

Service Effectiveness. 16

Concepts. 16

Comments. 16

Table 7: Unlinked Passenger Trip per Vehicle Revenue Hour 1998 - 2007. 17

Load Factor 17

Concepts. 17

Comments. 17

Service Utilization. 18

Concepts. 18

Comments. 18

Quality of Transit Service. 20

Fatalities. 20

Concepts. 20

Individuals Involved. 20

Table 8: Total Fatalities 1998 - 2007. 21

Distribution of Fatalities. 21

Comments. 21

Table 9: Number of Fatalities - 2007. 21

Reliability. 21

Miles between Major Mechanical System Failures — Bus. 21

Concepts. 21

Comments. 22

Table 10: Miles between Major Mechanical System Failures (Directly Operated Service) 2001 - 2007

ADA Compliance — Bus. 22

ADA Lift- or Ramp-equipped. 22

Concepts. 22

Comments. 23

Operating Funding. 23

Concepts. 23

Comments. 23

Federal Operating Assistance per Trip – Total and by Urbanized Area Size. 24

Farebox Recovery Ratio (Fare Revenues per Operating Expense) 25

Concepts. 25

Subsidy per Trip. 25

Concepts. 25

Comments. 26

Operating Funding Sources by UZA.. 26

Concepts. 26

Comments. 27

Capital Investment in Transit 28

Concepts. 28

Comments. 28

Sources of Capital Funding by UZA.. 29

Comments. 29

Capital Expenditures. 30

Concepts. 30

Uses of Capital by Urbanized Area Size. 30

Comments. 30

Distribution of Capital by Mode and Category. 31

Comments. 31

Fleet Characteristics. 32

Average Fleet Age by Vehicle Type. 32

Concepts. 32

Comments. 32

Age Distribution of Buses by Vehicle Type. 34

Comments. 34

Fixed Guideway Mileage. 36

Concepts. 36

Comments. 36

Alternative Fuel Usage. 36

Concepts. 36

Comments

Data Used to Compile Graphics. 41

Funds Applied to Transit 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 41

Vehicle Revenue Miles (Millions) by Mode 1998 - 2007. 41

Unlinked Passenger Trips (Million) by Mode 1998 - 2007. 41

Distribution of Vehicle Revenue Miles. 42

Distribution of Unlinked Passenger Trips. 42

Relative Impact of the Data by UZA Size Group 2007. 42

Total Operating Expenses (Millions) 1998 — 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 42

Operating Expenses by Function and Object Class Function 2007. 43

Total Operating Expenses (Millions) by Mode 1998 – 2007. 43

Total Operating Expense by Object Class — Directly Operated Service 2007. 43

Operating Expenses per Unlinked Passenger Trip by Mode 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 44

Operating Expenses per Vehicle Revenue Hour by Mode 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 44

Unlinked Passenger Trips per Vehicle Revenue Hour by Mode 1998 - 2007. 44

Distribution of Fatalities 2007. 45

ADA Lift– or Ramp– Equipped Buses Total 1998 - 2007. 45

Federal Operating Assistance as a Percent of Operating Funds 1998 – 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 45

ADA Lift– or Ramp– Equipped Buses 1998 - 2007. 45

ADA Lift– or Ramp– Equipped Buses 1998 - 2007 (Continued) 45

Federal Operating Assistance per Unlinked Passenger Trip by UZA 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 46

Recovery Ratio 1998 — 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 46

Federal Operating Assistance per Unlinked Passenger Trip by UZA Size 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 47

Recovery Ratio by UZA 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 47

Recovery Ratio by UZA 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 47

Recovery Ratio by UZA 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 48

Subsidy per Trip by UZA 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 48

Subsidy per Trip by UZA 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 48

Subsidy per Trip by UZA 1998 – 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars)  (Continued) 49

Funding Sources by Urbanized Area Size 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 49

Funding Sources by Urbanized Area Size 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 49

Funding Sources by Urbanized Area Size 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 50

Operating Funding Sources by UZA (Constant 2000 Dollars) 50

Operating Funding Sources by UZA (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 50

Operating Funding Sources by UZA (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 50

Sources of Capital by Urbanized Area Size 2007. 51

Sources of Capital by Urbanized Area Size 2007 (Continued) 51

Sources of Capital by Urbanized Area Size 2007 (Continued) 51

Capital Expenditures (Millions) 1998 – 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 51

Uses of Capital by Urbanized Area Size - 2007 (Millions) 52

Percent of Non-Revenue Vehicles by Mode 1998 – 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) 52

Percent of Non-Revenue Vehicles by Mode 1998 – 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 52

Percent of Non-Revenue Vehicles by Mode 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 53

Percent of Non-Revenue Vehicles by Mode 1998 - 2007 (Constant 2000 Dollars) (Continued) 53

Average Fleet Age (Years) by Vehicle Type 1998 - 2007. 53

Average Fleet Age (Years) of Rail Modes, Ferryboat and Vanpools. 54

Distribution of Buses by Vehicle Type 1998 - 2007. 55

Age Distribution of Buses by Vehicle Type 1998 - 2007. 56

Age Distribution of Buses by Vehicle Type 1998 - 2007 (Continued) 56

Age Distribution of Rail Modes, Ferryboat and Vanpools. 56

Fixed Guideway Mileage 1998 - 2007. 58

Percent of National Bus Fleet Using Alternative Fuels 1998 - 2007. 58

Percentage of Fuel Consumption for Non Electric Modes 1998 - 2007. 59

Transit Data by 2000 U.S. Census Urbanized Area. 60

Figures

Figure 1: Federal Funds Applied to Transit 1988 – 2007. 4

Figure 2: Unlinked Passenger Trips 1988 – 2007. 4

Figure 3: Number of Agencies Reporting by Mode 2006 – 2007. 5

Figure 4: Number of Agencies Reporting by Mode 1998 – 2007. 5

Figure 5: Vehicle Revenue Miles by Mode 2006 – 2007 (Millions) 6

Figure 6: Vehicle Revenue Miles by Mode 1998 – 2007 (Millions) 7

Figure 7: Unlinked Passenger Trips by Mode 2006 – 2007 (Millions) 7

Figure 8: Unlinked Passenger Trips by Mode 1998 – 2007 (Millions) 8

Figure 9: Distribution of Vehicle Revenue Miles – 1998. 8

Figure 10: Distribution of Vehicle Revenue Miles – 2007. 8

Figure 11: Distribution of Unlinked Passenger Trips – 1998. 9

Figure 12: Distribution of Unlinked Passenger Trips – 2007. 9

Figure 13: Relative Impact of the Data by UZA Size Group – 2007. 10

Figure 14: Types of Rural Service – 2007. 10

Figure 15: Sources of Operating Funding – 2007. 11

Figure 16: Sources of Capital Funding – 2007. 11

Figure 17: Total Operating Expenses 1998 - 2007. 12

Figure 18: Total Operating Expense by Mode — 2007. 13

Figure 19: Operating Expense by Function - 2007. 13

Figure 20: Operating Expense by Object Class - 2007. 13

Figure 21: Operating Expense per Unlinked Passenger Trip 1998 – 2007. 14

Figure 22: Operating Expense per Unlinked Passenger Trip for Bus and Rail Modes 1998 - 2007. 15

Figure 23: Total Operating Expense per Vehicle Revenue Hour 1998 – 2007. 15

Figure 24: Unlinked Passenger Trip per Vehicle Revenue Hour 1998 – 2007. 16

Figure 25: Unlinked Passenger Trips per Vehicle Revenue Hour by Mode 1998 - 2007. 17

Figure 26: Load Factor by Mode 1998 - 2007. 18

Figure 27: Motor Bus Service Utilization 1998 - 2007. 19

Figure 28: Commuter Rail Service Utilization 1998 - 2007. 19

Figure 29: Heavy Rail Service Utilization 1998 - 2007. 19

Figure 30: Light Rail Service Utilization 1998 - 2007. 20

. 20Figure 31: Total Fatalities (*) 1998 – 2007. 20

Figure 32: Fatalities per 100 Million Passenger Miles — 1998-2007. 21

Figure 33: Miles between Major Mechanical System Failures — Bus 2001 – 2007. 22

Figure 34: ADA Compliance - Bus. 23

Figure 35: Total Operating Funds 1998 – 2007. 23

Figure 36: Federal Operating Assistance as a Percentage of Operating Funds 1998 - 2007. 24

Figure 37: Total Federal Operating Assistance per Trip 1998 - 2007. 24

Figure 38: Federal Operating Assistance per Trip by Urbanized Area Size 1998 - 2007. 24

Figure 39: Farebox Recovery Ratio by Urbanized Area Size 1998 – 2007. 25

Figure 40: Recovery Ratio (*) 1998 - 2007. 25

Figure 41: Total Operating Subsidy per Trip 1998 - 2007. 26

Figure 42: Total Subsidy per Trip by Urbanized Area Size 1998 - 2007. 26

Figure 43: UZAs with More than 1 Million Population - 1998. 27

Figure 44: UZAs with More than 1 Million Population - 2007. 27

Figure 45: Equal to or More than 200,000 and Less than 1 Million Population - 1998. 27

Figure 46: Equal to or More than 200,000 and Less than 1 Million Population - 2007. 27

Figure 47: UZAs with Less than 200,000 Population - 1998. 28

Figure 48: UZAs with Less than 200,000 Population - 2007. 28

Figure 49: Total Capital Assistance — 1998 - 2007. 28

Figure 50: Percent of Federal Share of Total Capital Assistance 1998 - 2007. 29

Figure 51: UZAs with more than 1 Million Population. 29

Figure 52: UZAs Equal to or More than 200,000 and Less than 1 Million Population. 29

Figure 53: UZAs with Less than 200,000 Population. 29

Figure 54: Capital Expenditures — 1998 - 2007. 30

Figure 55: UZAs with more than 1 Million Population. 31

Figure 56: UZAs Equal to or More than 200,000 and Less than 1 Million Population. 31

Figure 57: UZAs with Less than 200,000 Population. 31

Figure 58: Percent of Uses of Capital Net of Revenue Vehicles Capital Expenditures 1998 — 2007

. 32Figure 59: Average Fleet Age by Vehicle Type 1998 – 2007. 33

Figure 60: Average Fleet Age by Mode (Heavy Rail, Commuter Rail (Passenger Cars) and Light Rail) 1998 - 2007. 33

Figure 61: Average Vanpool Fleet Age Vanpool 1998 – 2008. 33

Figure 62: Average Ferryboat Fleet Age 1998 – 2008. 34

Figure 63: Average Bus Fleet Age 1998 - 2007. 34

Figure 64: Percent of Bus Fleet 5 Years Old or Less by Vehicle Type 1998 – 2007. 34

Figure 65: Percent of Rail Fleet 5 Years Old or Less 1998 - 2007. 35

Figure 66: Percent of Vanpool Fleet 5 Years Old or Less 1998 - 2007. 35

Figure 67: Percent of Ferryboat Fleet 5 Years Old or Less 1998 - 2007. 35

Figure 68: Fixed Guideway Mileage — Bus 1998 - 2007. 36

Figure 69: Fixed Guideway Mileage — Rail Modes 1998 - 2007. 36

Figure 70: Percent of National Bus Fleet Using Alternative Fuels 1998 - 2007. 37

Figure 71: Percentage of Fuel Consumption for Non-Electric Modes - 1998. 37

Figure 72: Percentage of Fuel Consumption for Non-Electric Modes - 2007