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1. Attitudes toward Posthumous Harvesting and Reproduction (EJ812468)
Author(s):
Hans, Jason D.
Source:
Death Studies, v32 n9 p837-869 Oct 2008
Pub Date:
2008-10-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Marital Status; Negative Attitudes; Death; Ethics; Birth; Predictor Variables; Health Personnel; Vignettes; Surveys; Academic Achievement; Religious Factors; Parent Attitudes; Human Body; Donors; Gender Issues; Context Effect
Abstract: Attitudes toward posthumous harvesting of reproductive material and beliefs about medical professionals' obligation to assist were examined using a multiple segment factorial vignette survey design with 407 randomly selected respondents from a southern state. Attitudes and beliefs were primarily shaped by the vignette couple's marital status, parental support, and evidence of the deceased's wishes, as well as by respondents' religiosity and level of education. Three primary groups of respondents were identified: libertarians emphasized the survivor's rights, consentualists were skeptical until hearing that the deceased approved of the procedure, and persistent dissenters retained their negative attitudes despite the deceased's known wishes in favor of posthumous harvesting. Overall, attitudes and obligation beliefs were primarily in favor of posthumous harvesting when contextual circumstances deemed suitable were portrayed. (Contains 6 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. Water Harvesting II: Working toward Being Green (EJ787990)
Farenga, Stephen J.; Ness, Daniel; Craven, John A.
Science Scope, v31 n7 p80-83 Mar 2008
2008-03-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Science Instruction; Water; Brainstorming; Computation; Conservation (Environment); Middle School Students; Inquiry; Secondary School Science
Abstract: As you have read in the previous "After the Bell" column, water harvesting is a process of diverting and collecting rainwater. One of the main reasons to harvest rainwater is to reduce the demand on local sources of water. The objective of the harvesting procedure is to gather water from a weather event that is usually lost as runoff and either use it immediately or store it for future consumption. In this second half of the article, students will collect their ideas for harvesting water through a brainstorming activity, practice designing a solution to a problem, and calculate the amount of potentially available water to harvest. (Contains 6 figures and 3 online resources.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. Power Harvesting from Rotation? (EJ819014)
Chicone, Carmen; Feng, Z. C.
European Journal of Physics, v29 n5 p1115-1120 Sep 2008
2008-09-00
Descriptors: Mechanics (Physics); Energy; Kinetics; Science Instruction; College Science; Equations (Mathematics); Motion; Science Experiments; Validity; Mathematical Logic
Abstract: We show the impossibility of harvesting power from rotational motions by devices attached to the rotating object. The presentation is suitable for students who have studied Lagrangian mechanics. (Contains 2 figures.)
4. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting: A Green and Clean Alternative for Sustained Power Production (EJ817610)
Cook-Chennault, Kimberly Ann; Thambi, Nithya; Bitetto, Mary Anne; Hameyie, E. B.
Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, v28 n6 p496-509 2008
2008-00-00
Descriptors: Power Technology; Case Studies; Energy Management; Energy Education; Thermodynamics; Technological Advancement; Economic Opportunities; Science Process Skills; Scientific Methodology; Scientific Concepts; Science and Society
Abstract: Providing efficient and clean power is a challenge for devices that range from the micro to macro in scale. Although there has been significant progress in the development of micro-, meso-, and macro-scale power supplies and technologies, realization of many devices is limited by the inability of power supplies to scale with the diminishing sizes of CMOS-based technology. Here, the authors provide an overview of piezoelectric energy harvesting technology along with a discussion of proof of concept devices, relevant governing equations, and figures of merit. They present two case studies: (a) energy capture from the operation of a novel shear and elastic modulus indentation device subjected to applied voltage and (b) energy capture from vibrating commercial bimorph piezoelectric structures mounted on household appliances. Lastly, areas of development needed for realization of commercial energy harvesting devices are suggested. (Contains 6 tables and 7 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. Training Psychologists for Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in the Raw World: A Rubric for Supervisors (EJ821214)
Friedberg, Robert D.; Gorman, Angela A.; Beidel, Deborah C.
Behavior Modification, v33 n1 p104-123 2009
2009-00-00
Descriptors: Counseling Techniques; Psychologists; Cognitive Restructuring; Behavior Modification; Counselor Training; Supervision; Affective Behavior; Attitude Change; Cultural Relevance; Counseling Effectiveness; Arousal Patterns; Case Studies
Abstract: Empirically supported treatments (EST) hold much promise in relieving psychological distress and dysfunction. However, various obstacles to effective training and clinical practice have truncated dissemination efforts. One such obstacle is the perceived applicability of EST procedures to raw world clinical practice. This article proposes a rubric for supervision that emphasizes case conceptualization, the use of immediacy in session, tolerating negative affect, harvesting open attitudes, cultural responsiveness, and technical proficiency. Several specific training strategies and supervisory processes are recommended. (Contains 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
6. Institutional Factors Affecting Biophysical Outcomes in Forest Management (EJ822733)
Coleman, Eric A.
Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, v28 n1 p122-146 Win 2009
Descriptors: Community Role; Forestry; Public Policy; Administration; Sanctions; Comparative Analysis; Foreign Countries; Natural Resources; Regression (Statistics); Socioeconomic Influences; Wages; Government Role; Conservation (Environment); Resource Allocation; Evaluation Criteria; Biology
Abstract: Although there is considerable interest in the impact of diverse policies affecting the biophysical outcomes in forests, gaining a substantial sample over time of forests under different institutional arrangements has been difficult. This article analyzes data from 46 forests located in six countries over time. In forests where policies have been adopted for conservation, active monitoring and sanctioning by locals is associated with positive forest conditions. Forests that allow user group harvesting, perhaps counterintuitively, are also shown to be associated with positive forest conditions. However, conditions in community-managed forests are not statistically different from government- or privately managed forests. This implies that local communities can play an important role in achieving positive forest conditions but that full management responsibilities need not be given to achieve these results. (Contains 6 tables, 3 figures and 15 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. After the Bell: Water Harvesting, Part 1 (EJ782881)
Science Scope, v31 n5 p58-62 Jan 2008
2008-01-00
Descriptors: Natural Resources; Science Instruction; Environmental Education; Water; Conservation (Environment); United States History; Environmental Influences; Web Sites; Learning Activities
Abstract: The current drought conditions in the United States are correlated with inadequate infrastructure, a drop in the levels of the Great Lakes, desertification, and migration. Taken individually, none of these problems may seem alarming. However, in combination, freshwater shortages are a crisis in many areas of the United States. In order to develop student awareness about the importance of water as a resource, this column is the first of a two-part series on the topic of water harvesting. (Contains 3 figures and 9 resources.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
8. Bionomic Exploitation of a Ratio-Dependent Predator-Prey System (EJ814437)
Maiti, Alakes; Patra, Bibek; Samanta, G. P.
International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, v39 n8 p1061-1076 Dec 2008
2008-12-00
Descriptors: Computer Simulation; Mathematical Models; Validity; Mathematical Logic; Mathematics Education; Agricultural Production; Animals; Higher Education
Abstract: The present article deals with the problem of combined harvesting of a Michaelis-Menten-type ratio-dependent predator-prey system. The problem of determining the optimal harvest policy is solved by invoking Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. Dynamic optimization of the harvest policy is studied by taking the combined harvest effort as a dynamic variable. Computer simulations are carried out to illustrate our analytical findings. Biological and bioeconomical interpretations of the results are explained critically. (Contains 5 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. Controllability and Optimal Harvesting of a Prey-Predator Model Incorporating a Prey Refuge (EJ753902)
Kar, Tapan Kumar
International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology, v37 n5 p559-571 Jul 2006
2006-07-15
Descriptors: Simulation; Mathematical Formulas; Mathematical Models; Ethology; Ecology; Defense Mechanisms; Program Descriptions; Topology; Wildlife
Abstract: This paper deals with a prey-predator model incorporating a prey refuge and harvesting of the predator species. A mathematical analysis shows that prey refuge plays a crucial role for the survival of the species and that the harvesting effort on the predator may be used as a control to prevent the cyclic behaviour of the system. The optimal harvest policy is studied, and the solution is derived in the equilibrium case by using Pontryagin's maximal principle. Some numerical simulations are taken to illustrate the established results. (Contains 9 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
10. Metadata Harvesting in Regional Digital Libraries in the PIONIER Network (EJ807508)
Mazurek, Cezary; Stroinski, Maciej; Werla, Marcin; Weglarz, Jan
Campus-Wide Information Systems, v23 n4 p241-253 2006
2006-00-00
Descriptors: Electronic Libraries; Foreign Countries; Metadata; Library Services; Access to Information; Internet; Library Materials; Library Automation
Abstract: Purpose: The paper aims to present the concept of the functionality of metadata harvesting for regional digital libraries, based on the OAI-PMH protocol. This functionality is a part of regional digital libraries platform created in Poland. The platform was required to reach one of main objectives of the Polish PIONIER Programme--to enrich the content-based services in the Polish NREN. Design/methodology/approach: In order to create the regional digital libraries platform with metadata harvesting feature, digital library low-level services provided by the dLibra Digital Library Framework in a service-oriented architecture (SOA) are deployed. The approach for defining the set of services started with splitting the whole set of advanced digital library features into coherent functional groups, which covered functionality related to digital content, metadata, searching, etc. Then each functional group implicated the creation of a respective digital library service. Additionally, a couple of supporting services like "system" or "event services" were defined. Findings: The exploration of metadata and information about libraries' structure enables the creation of higher-level, content-based services like virtual collections or metadata searching, which are described in the paper. The approach for building distributed regional digital libraries in the National Research and Education Network is suitable for larger scale systems, like international digital libraries. This issue is very important for research networking, especially in the context of European Commission's announcement promoting digital access to Europe's heritage through the European Digital Library. Research limitations/implications: The implementation of the communication protocol between different instances of digital libraries is the basis for the development of content-based services. It presents examples of such services that are enabled through the PIONIER platform for distributed regional digital libraries, and that are provided for research and education users. The next step that will allow for the creation of even more sophisticated services, will offer the possibility to search through content gathered in PIONIER digital libraries. This will be achieved by combining the OAI-PMH protocol together with the MPEG-21 DIDL standard for the exchange of the digital content and content-related metadata. Another group of complementary services also covers information services provided by grid environments. Practical implications: The installation of regional digital libraries in the PIONIER network is currently providing access to more than 15,000 of digital publications. This paper presents a working implementation of the communication between digital libraries in the sense of the exploration of metadata and information about the library structure. This service is seen by us as one of the crucial mechanisms of the information infrastructure, which provides access to scientific and cultural content as well as common middleware services, which should be both distributed and platform-independent. Originality/value: The paper is providing the case study for those who are building the large-scale distributed digital library systems. The definition of services based on metadata harvesting provides an example of core digital library services, which are transforming digital libraries into digital infrastructure for social sciences. (Contains 3 figures and 5 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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