ISSN:1052-5378

Compiled By:
Karl Schneider
Reference Section, Reference and User Services Branch
National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture
Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351

National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:

Schneider, Karl, 1946

Mycorrhizae : impacts on production.

(Quick bibliography series ; 95-11)

1. Mycorrhizas--Bibliography. I. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.95-11

Mycorrhizae: Impacts on Production

 1                                      NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Allelopathic effects by Empetrum hermaphroditum on development and

 nitrogen uptake by roots and mycorrhizae of Pinus

 silvestris.

 Nilsson, M.C.; Hogberg, P.; Zackrisson, O.; Fengyou, W.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1993 Apr.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 71

 (4): p. 620-628; 1993 Apr.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Empetrum; Pinus sylvestris; Paxillus involutus;

 Allelopathy; Plant extracts; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Roots;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Dry matter accumulation; Root tips;

 Seedling growth; Root shoot ratio

 

 

 2                                      NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

 Amount and diurnal distribution of grazing time by stockercattle under different tall fescue management strategies.

 Coffey, K.P.; Moyer, J.L.; Brazle, F.K.; Lomas, L.W.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1992 May.

 Applied animal behaviour science v. 33 (2/3): p. 121-135; 1992 May. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Cattle; Grazing behavior; Duration; Diurnal

 activity; Festuca arundinacea; Grassland management;

 Endophytes; Trifolium repens; Oxytetracycline; Controlled

 grazing; Rotational grazing; Grazing systems

 

 

 3                                     NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A46

 Annual changes in seasonal production of hypogeous sporocarps in

 Oregon Douglas-fir forests.

 Luoma, D.L.

 Portland, Or. : The Station; 1991 May.

 USDA Forest Service general technical report PNW-GTR - Pacific

 Northwest Research Station (285): p. 83-89; 1991 May.  In the

 series analytic: Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir

 forests / edited by L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, A.B. Carey, et al.

 Proceedings of a symposium on "Old-Growth Douglas-Fir Forests:

 Wildlife Communities and Habitat Relationships,"

 March 29-31, 1989, Portland, Oregon.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Ectomycorrhizas;

 Biomass production; Seasonal variation

 

 

 4                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 P5622

 Antifungal antibiotics from Pisolithus tinctorius.

 Tsantrizos, Y.S.; Kope, H.H.; Fortin, J.A.; Ogilvie, K.K.

 Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1991.

 Phytochemistry v. 30 (4): p. 1113-1118; 1991.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pisolithus tinctorius; Metabolites; Chemical

 composition; Antibiotics; Antifungal agents; Spectral analysis

 

 Abstract:  The antibiotic compounds p-hydroxybenzoylformic

 acid [2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoethanoic acid, pisolithin A] and

 (R)-(-)-p-hydroxymandelic acid [(R)-(-)-2-(4'-

 hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanoic acid, pisolithin B] were

 isolated from the growth culture of Pisolithus tinctorius.

 Both of these metabolites, and a few structurally related

 compounds, were shown to inhibit spore germination and cause hyphal

 lysis to a significant number of phytopathogenic and dermatogenic

 fungi. Hence, it was concluded that P. tinctorius aids its host

 plants by providing protection against disease-causing

 microorganisms.

 

 

 5                                NAL Call. No.: SB451.34.V8V57

 Asparagus from seed or crown.

 Silva, E.M.

 Blacksburg, Va. : Extension Division, Virginia Polytechnic

 Institute and State University; 1992 Feb.

 The Virginia gardener v. 11 (2): p. 3; 1992 Feb.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Virginia; Asparagus officinalis; Seeds; Planting;

 Seedlings; Transplanting; Mycorrhizal fungi; Seed inoculation;

 Mulching; Irrigation; Planting depth; Harvesting

 

 

 6                                      NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9 The

 bacteria associated with Laccaria laccata ectomycorrhizas or

 sporocarps: effect on symbiosis establishment on Douglas fir.

 Garbaye, J.; Duponnois, R.; Wahl, J.I.

 Philadelphia, Pa. : Balaban Publishers; 1990.

 Symbiosis v. 9 (1/3): p. 267-273; 1990.  Paper presented at the

 "International Conference on the Mechanisms of the

 Relationship Between

 Soil-Plant-Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere," Sept 28-29,

 1989, Montpellier, France.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pseudotsuga menziesii; Seedlings; Laccaria

 laccata; Bacteria; Mycorrhizas; Infections; Symbiosis;

 Container grown plants

 

 

 7                         NAL Call. No.: 105.8 G36 1990 [no.3]

 Beimpfung von Klee mit VA-Mykorrhiza und Rhizobium zur

 Ertrags- und Qualitatssteigerung  [Inoculation of clover with VA-

 mycorrhiza and Rhizobium for increased yield and quality]. Leopold,

 Heinrich Jochen

 Giessen : [s.n.],; 1990.

 vi, 155 p. : ill. ; 21 cm.  Includes bibliographical

 references (p. 112-122).

 

 Language:  German

 

 

 8                                     NAL Call. No.: S596.7.D4

 Benefit and cost analysis and phosphorus efficiency of VA

 mycorrhizal fungi colonizations with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

 genotypes grown at varied phosphorus levels.

 Raju, P.S.; Clark, R.B.; Ellis, J.R.; Duncan, R.R.;

 Maranville, J.W. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1990.

 Developments in plant and soil sciences v. 41: p. 165-170;

 1990.  In the series analytic: Plant nutrition--physiology and

 applications / edited by M.L. Van Beusichen. Proceedings of the

 Eleventh International Plant Nutrition Colloquium, July 30-Aug 4,

 1989, Wageningen, The Netherlands.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sorghum bicolor; Glomus fasciculatum; Symbiosis;

 Phosphorus; Carbon; Plant nutrition; Genotype nutrition

 interaction; Mineral deficiencies; Nutrient uptake; Ratios; Shoots;

 Dry matter; Yields

 

 

 9                             NAL Call. No.: SD397.P55I58 1985

 Benefits and application of ectomycorrhizae in southern forest tree

 nurseries. Cordell, C.E.; Marx, D.H.

 Auburn, Ala.? : Orders, Dept. of Research Information, Auburn

 University, [1986?]; 1986.

 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nursery

 Management Practices for the Southern Pines, Montgomery,

 Alabama, August 4-9, 1985 / edited by David B. South. p.

 244-250. ill; 1986.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Forest nurseries; Container grown plants;

 Ectomycorrhizae; Pisolithus tinctorius; Inoculation;

 Afforestation; Land reclamation; Forestry machinery

 

 

 10                                     NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Biomass increase and associative nitrogen fixation of

 mycorrhizal Pinus contorta seedlings inoculated with a plant growth

 promoting Bacillus strain. Chanway, C.P.; Holl, F.B. Ottawa, Ont.

 : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Mar. Canadian journal

 of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69 (3): p. 507-511.

 ill; 1991 Mar.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: British Columbia; Pinus contorta; Bacillus;

 Nitrogen fixing bacteria; Mycorrhizas; Deuteromycotina;

 Seedlings; Nitrogen fixation; Symbiosis; Biomass production; Growth

 promoters

 

 

 11                                     NAL Call. No.: QR53.B56

 Biotreatment of pulp mill bleachery effluents with the

 coelomycetous fungus Stagonospora gigaspora.

 Bergbauer, M.; Eggert, C.; Kalnowski, G.

 Middlesex : Science and Technology Letters; 1992 Apr.

 Biotechnology letters v. 14 (4): p. 317-322; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pulp mill effluent; Bleaching; Stagonospora;

 Lignin; Waste water treatment; Biological treatment; Microbial

 degradation; Toxicity

 

 Abstract:  The coelomycete Stagonospora gigaspora degrades

 lignin derivatives within pulp mill bleachery effluents.

 Besides dechlorination, 90% of the color was removed from CEH

 bleachery effluents. Lignin derivatives in the effluents of the EOP

 bleaching stages revealed more persistent against

 fungal attack. Toxicity of both effluents was diminished

 significantly by S. gigaspora.

 

 

 12                                    NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Black polyethylene mulch improves growth of plantation-grown

 loblolly pine and yellow-poplar.

 Walker, R.F.; McLaughlin, S.B.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Sep.

 New forests v. 3 (3): p. 265-274; 1989 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Liriodendron tulipifera; Mulching;

 Polyethylene film; Urea; Pisolithus tinctorius; Glomus

 mosseae; Glomus fasciculatum; Immunization; Intensive

 silviculture

 

 

 13                                    NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67

 Boron and ectomycorrhizal influences on mineral nutrition of

 container-grown Pinus ehinata Mill.

 Mitchell, R.J.; Garrett, H.E.; Cox, G.S.; Atalay, A.

 New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1990.

 Journal of plant nutrition v. 13 (12): p. 1555-1574; 1990. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus echinata; Pisolithus tinctorius;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Boron fertilizers; Nutrient uptake; Mineral

 content; Pine needles; Seedlings; Roots; Infections; Soil

 inoculation; Container grown plants; Nutrient content

 

 Abstract:  Boron fertilization and inoculation with Pisolithus

 tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch increased foliar and total

 seedling nutrient content of boron, calcium, copper, iron,

 potassium, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus in shortleaf pine

 seedlings (Pinus echinata Mill.). Noninoculated seedlings

 fertilized with boron showed no increase in nutrient content other

 than B. The increase in nutrient content of inoculated seedlings

 fertilized with boron was correlated with increased mycorrhizal

 infection. Boron fertilization may affect

 indirectly the mineral nutrition of tree seedlings by

 increasing mycorrhizal fungi colonization of their roots.

 

 

 14                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Can

 plant productivity be increased by inoculation of tree

 roots with soil microorganisms?.

 Torrey, J.G.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Dec.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de

 recherche forestiere v. 22 (12): p. 1815-1823; 1992 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Symbionts; Soil inoculation; Rhizobium;

 Bradyrhizobium; Frankia; Ectomycorrhizas; Forest trees

 

 Abstract:  Fostering symbiotic associations between

 appropriate soil microorganisms and their compatible hosts

 lies within the management capabilities of agriculturalists and

 foresters. Using knowledge of the fundamental scientific bases for

 these associations, one can facilitate the

 development of beneficial symbioses by inoculation of seeds,

 seedlings, or growing plants with selected microorganisms to

 establish and perpetuate effective symbioses leading to

 increased productivity. Of particular interest to the forester are

 four major groups of symbiotic associations: Rhizobium or

 Bradyrhizobium--leguminous trees; Frankia--actinorhizal

 plants, ectomycorrhizae--host trees; and endomycorrhizae--host

 trees, including vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. Summarized here

 are the isolation, characterization, and culture of the microbial

 symbionts; the demonstrated specificity for

 infection and effectivity for facilitating nutrient uptake in each

 case; and the development of the technology for field

 inoculation to achieve effective symbioses in forest

 plantations. The factors involved in successful inoculation

 procedures are reviewed, and recommendations are made as to some of

 the necessary steps to further the development of this

 biotechnology.

 

 15                                   NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Comparative effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal

 inoculation and phosphorus fertilization on growth and

 phosphorus uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum

 bicolor L.) plants under drought-stressed conditions. Osonubi, O.

 Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-;

 1994. Biology and fertility of soils v. 18 (1): p. 55-59;

 1994.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Zea mays; Sorghum bicolor; Growth; Nutrient

 uptake; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Phosphorus

 fertilizers; Drought; Leaf area; Shoots; Xylem; Soil water

 potential; Roots; Length

 

 

 16                                    NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59 A

 comparison of foliar insect populations on endophyte-free and

 endophyte-infected tall fescue varieties.

 Keele, V.D.; Arne, C.N.; Becker, S.A.; Bailey, W.C.

 Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991.

 Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p.

 225-228; 1991.  Meeting held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia,

 Missouri.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Missouri; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Infections; Insect pests; Incidence;

 Nitrogen fertilizers

 

 

 17                                    NAL Call. No.: 448.3 AP5

 Comparison of the post-Chernobyl 137Cs contamination of

 mushrooms from eastern Europe, Sweden, and North America.

 Smith, M.L.; Taylor, H.W.; Sharma, H.D.

 Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology; 1993

 Jan. Applied and environmental microbiology v. 59 (1): p.

 134-139; 1993 Jan. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sweden; Ontario; Michigan; Russia; Belarus;

 Bulgaria; Ukraine; Mushrooms; Basidiomycotina; Edible fungi;

 Cesium; Radionuclides; Fallout; Radioactivity

 

 Abstract:  A comparison was made of (134)Cs and (137)Cs

 contamination in fungi from eastern Europe and eastern North

 America. Mean activities of 25 Ukrainian, 6 Swedish, and 10 North

 American collections were 4,660, 9,750, and 205 Bq/kg (dry weight),

 respectively. Additional measurements were made on samples from the

 Moscow, southern Belarus, and

 Yugoslavia/Bulgaria regions. Activity values were found to

 vary by several orders of magnitude within all geographic

 areas, even for the same mushroom species. Significantly

 higher specific activities were observed in mycorrhizal

 species than in saprophytic and parasitic fungi.

 Unfortunately, many of the European mycorrhizal species

 considered as prized edibles contained unacceptably high

 levels of (> 1,000 Bq/kg [dry weight]) and should be used

 sparingly as food. By contrast, no mushrooms collected in

 Ontario or northern Michigan exceeded 1,000 Bq of (137)Cs per kg

 (dry weight). The excessive (137)Cs contamination was

 evident in mushrooms from areas that had substantial fallout from

 the 1986 accident in reactor 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power

 station. However, observations suggest that about 20% of the

 (137)Cs in eastern Europe (Moscow area, Belarus, and

 Ukraine) is of non-Chernobyl origin.

 

 

 18                                   NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Comparisons of the influence of vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhiza on the productivity of hedgerow woody legumes and

 cassava at the top and the base of a hillslope in alley

 cropping systems.

 Atayese, M.O.; Awotoye, O.O.; Osonubi, O.; Mulongoy, K.

 Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-;

 1993. Biology and fertility of soils v. 16 (3): p. 198-204; 1993. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nigeria; Cabt; Manihot esculenta; Legumes; Alley

 cropping; Glomus mosseae; Hedgerow plants; Nutrient uptake;

 Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Soil fertility; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas

 

 

 19                                   NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Competition among strains of Bradyrhizobium and vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizae for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

 root infection and their effect on plant growth and yield.

 Nambiar, P.T.C.; Anjaiah, V.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1989.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 8 (4): p. 311-318; 1989. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Andhra pradesh; Arachis hypogaea; Roots;

 Inoculation; Soil bacteria; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae;

 Ammonium nitrate; Potassium fertilizers; Phosphates; Crop

 yield; Growth

 

 

 20                                  NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Competitive outcome among four pasture species in sterilized and

 unsterilized soils.

 Turkington, R.; Klein, E.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1991.

 Soil biology and biochemistry v. 23 (9): p. 837-843; 1991. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Dactylis glomerata; Holcus lanatus; Lolium

 perenne; Trifolium repens; Plant competition; Rhizobium

 leguminosarum; Soil flora; Microorganisms; Soil sterilization; Pot

 experimentation; Crop mixtures; Monoculture; Competitive ability;

 Dry matter accumulation; Weight; Survival; Crop

 yield; Growth rate; Crop growth stage; Inhibition; Nutrient

 availability

 

 Abstract:  Four pasture species (Dactylis glomerata, Holcus

 lanatus, Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens) were grown in

 monoculture and in all possible 2-, 3-, and 4-species

 combinations in pots. One set of pots was filled with

 sterilized soil in which most soil microorganisms and

 mycorrhiza had been eliminated, a second set was unsterilized and

 had an added Rhizobium inoculum. The experiment had four successive

 destructive harvests. For each plant species,

 regardless of the identity of its competitors, percentage

 survival was lowest in unsterilized soils, but the mean weight of

 survivors was unaffected, except for T. repens which had an

 increased biomass. In addition, at the first harvest the

 microorganisms and each of the plant species had a significant

 effect on the relative growth rates of each of the target

 plant species but this effect was not continued to the final

 harvest. It is argued that either (a) in the unsterilized

 soils microorganisms inhibit germination of some seeds or

 adversely affect young seedlings, and that they compete with

 growing plants for limited resources, (b) sterilization

 eliminates most of the bacteria present and this along with the

 added Rhizobium inoculum might contribute to the higher survival in

 sterilized soil, or (c) the nature of

 sterilization procedure alone increases the availability of

 essential resources to growing plants.

 

 

 21                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62

 Conservation tillage for forage production.

 Chamblee, D.S.; Mueller, J.P.; Green, J.T.

 Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1989 Jan.

 AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North

 Carolina State University (407): p. 62-65; 1989 Jan.  In

 series analytic: Conservation Tillage for Crop Production in North

 Carolina, edited by M.G. Cook and W.M. Lewis.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: North Carolina; Tillage; Soil and water

 conservation; Forage crops; Establishment; Insect control;

 Endophytes; Fungus control; Pasture management

 

 

 22                              NAL Call. No.: 1 Ag84Ah no.674 The

 Container tree nursery manual..  Container nursery

 planning, development and management Containers and growing media

 Container nursery environment Seedling nutrition and

 irrigation Biological influences: nursery pests and

 mycorrhizae Seedling propagation Seedling processing, storage, and

 outplanting Landis, Thomas D.

 United States, Forest Service

 Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service : [Supt.

 of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., distributor, 1989-]; 1989-9999. 7 v. : ill.

 (some col.) ; 28 cm. (Agriculture handbook (United States. Dept. of

 Agriculture) ; 674.).  April 1989.  Includes bibliographies and

 index.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Container gardening; Trees

 

 

 23                                   NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68

 Control of pathogenic mycorrhizal fungi in maintenance of soil

 productivity by crop rotation.

 Hendrix, J.W.; Jones, K.J.; Mesmith, W.C.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.

 Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (3): p. 383-386; 1992 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Kentucky; Nicotiana tabacum; Festuca arundinacea;

 Glomus macrocarpum; Plant pathogenic fungi; Soil fumigation;

 Rotations; Continuous cropping; Disease prevalence; Incidence;

 Colonization; Roots; Population density

 

 

 24                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4 Cool

 season perennial grass varieties in north and central

 Georgia. Hoveland, C.S.; Bouton, J.H.

 Macon, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; 1990 Aug.

 Georgia cattleman v. 18 (8): p. 18; 1990 Aug.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca; Endophytes; Lolium perenne

 

 

 25                                  NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Correlation between basidiomata production and ectomycorrhizal

 formation in Pinus patula plantations.

 Natarajan, K.; Mohan, V.; Ingleby, K.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Mar.

 Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (3): p. 279-280; 1992 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus patula; Plantations; Age of trees;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Plant succession; Soil fungi; Thelephora

 terrestris; Amanita muscaria; Sclerodermatales; Tricholoma;

 Russula; Species; Laccaria laccata; Rhizopogon luteolus;

 Suillus; Lycoperdon; Cenococcum graniforme; Population

 distribution; Fruiting; Biological production

 

 

 26                                      NAL Call. No.: S601.D4

 Correlation between root morphogenesis, VA mycorrhizal

 infection and phosphorus nutrition.

 Trotta, A.; Carminati, C.; Schellenbaum, L.; Scannerini, S.;

 Fusconi, A.; Berta, G.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company; 1991.

 Developments in agricultural and managed-forest ecology v. 24: p.

 333-339; 1991.  In the series analytic: Plant roots and

 their environment / edited by B.L. McMichael and H. Persson.

 Proceedings of an ISRR symposium, August 21-26, 1988, Uppsala,

 Sweden.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Allium porrum; Roots; Morphogenesis; Growth;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Glomus; Plant nutrition;

 Phosphorus; Nutrient requirements

 

 Abstract:  The effects of phosphorus (P) applications combined with

 a Glomus species strain E3 infection on the growth and root

 development in leeks (Allium porrum L.) grown in sand

 culture were studied. Infected roots were more branched

 compared with controls at low P levels. The plants also had greater

 fresh weights and total root lengths, shorter and more numerous

 adventitious roots, as well as more secondary roots per centimetre

 of adventitious root. Progressive P additions did not markedly

 influence the level of root infection by the fungus in mycorrhizal

 plants and induced the same root

 developmental pattern in controls, leading to the

 disappearance of differences between mycorrhizal and control plants

 at higher P levels. It may be argued that, in our

 system, the fungal influence on root architecture is mediated by

 nutritional effects.

 

 

 27                                    NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67

 Costs and benefits of constructing roots of small diameter.

 Eissenstat, D.M.

 New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992.

 Journal of plant nutrition v. 15 (6/7): p. 763-782; 1992. 

 Paper presented at the "Workshop on Root Distribution, and

 Chemistry and Biology of the Root-Soil Interface", January

 9-11, 1990, Ithaca, New York.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plants; Crops; Roots; Length; Diameter; Biomass;

 Growth rate; Nutrient uptake; Water uptake; Root systems;

 Mycorrhizas; Respiration

 

 Abstract:  Roots represent a considerable carbon cost for

 plants. Furthermore, plants vary considerably in how carbon is

 expended for belowground processes. One attribute that varies

 widely among species is the investment of root biomass in the

 production of root length. Relatively thin roots have a high

 specific root length (SRL) or length:dry weight ratio. Since water

 and nutrient uptake is based more upon root length than mass, one

 might conclude that species of high SRL invest their root biomass

 more efficiently than species of low SRL. This, however, ignores

 many other functional attributes of roots

 that may permit coarse lateral roots to be more adaptive than fine

 lateral roots under certain environmental conditions. In leaves,

 studies on the relationship of structure and function suggest that

 evergreen plants with greater leaf longevity

 commonly have thicker leaves, lower photosynthetic capacity, and

 lower respiration rates than deciduous plants. These kinds of

 relationships may also be true for thick roots (low SRL). Limited

 evidence suggests that species of high SRL tend to

 have greater plasticity in root growth, greater physiological

 capacity for water and nutrient uptake, but less root

 longevity and less mycorrhizal dependency than species of low SRL.

 More study is needed before the physiological traits

 associated with variation in length-biomass ratio are

 understood.

 

 

 28                                     NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3

 Cropping systems on mycorrhizal colonization, early growth, and

 phosphorus uptake of corn.

 Vivekanandan, M.; Fixen, P.E.

 Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Jan.

 Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (1): p. 136-140; 1991

 Jan. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: South Dakota; Zea mays; Glycine max; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Roots; Infection; Nutrient uptake;

 Phosphorus; Growth rate; Crop growth stage; Rotations; Fallow

 systems; Continuous cropping; Plowing; Ridging

 

 Abstract:  A field study was established in 1986 on a Viborg silty

 clay loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Pachic Haplustoll) soil in

 eastern South Dakota. The objectives were to quantify the influence

 of crop rotation, tillage, and residual P (254 kg P ha-1 applied in

 fall 1985) on the incidence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae

 (VAM) of corn (Zea mays L.) and to

 define the relationship between VAM colonization, early growth

 response to P, and early P uptake of corn. Plant and root

 samples were collected periodically from plots that varied in

 tillage and previous crop. Crop rotation and tillage

 influenced the early growth and P uptake of corn. Large

 differences in early growth response to P were observed among

 cropping systems. Average relative growth response as compared with

 the check during both years ranged from 360% for the

 moldboard (MP) corn-fallow rotation to 7% for the ridge-plant (RP)

 corn-soybean (Glycine max [L].) Merr.) rotation. Early dry-matter

 production and P uptake in the check plots were

 highest in the RP corn-soybean system and lowest in the MP

 corn-fallow system. Generally, VAM colonization rates were

 significantly higher (P less than or equal to 0.10) in the RP

 systems than in the MP systems. Considerable reduction in VAM

 colonization rates were found with P fertilization (P less

 than or equal to 0.01) in all cropping systems. An inverse

 relationship was measured between VAM colonization and

 relative early growth response to P (Y = 647.0 - 49.4X +

 0.97X2; R2 = 0.92; Y = growth response in percent, X = percent root

 length colonized). Considering early dry-matter

 production, P uptake, and mycorrhizal association the RP corn-

 soybean system appears to provide a good environment for P

 nutrition of corn during early vegetative growth.

 

 

 29                                    NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82

 Cultural control of basidiome formation in Laccaria bicolor with

 container-grown white pine seedlings.

 Godbout, C.; Fortin, J.A.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Dec.

 Mycological research v. 94 (pt.8): p. 1051-1058. ill; 1990

 Dec.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ontario; Pinus strobus; Picea glauca; Pinus

 taeda; Laccaria; Ectomycorrhizas; Plant development;

 Developmental stages; Temperature; Photoperiod; Nitrogen

 fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers; Dry matter accumulation;

 Seedlings; Container grown plants

 

 30                                    NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59

 Cutting management of endophyte-free tall fescue.

 Hoveland, C.S.; Durham, R.G.; Richardson, M.D.; Terrill, T.H.

 Belleville, Pa. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1990.

 Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p.

 125-128; 1990.  Paper presented at the "Forage and Grassland

 Conference," June 6-9, 1990, Blacksburg, Virginia.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca arundinacea; Cutting; Grazing;

 Harvesting; Survival; Plant pathogenic fungi

 

 

 31                                    NAL Call. No.: 442.8 L77

 Cytotoxic activity of tetraprenylphenols related to suillin, an

 antitumor principle from Suillus granulatus.

 Geraci, C.; Piatelli, M.; Tringali, C.; Verbist, J.F.;

 Roussakis, C. Downers Grove, Ill.: American Society of

 Pharmacognosy; 1992 Dec. Journal of natural products v. 55

 (12): p. 1772-1775; 1992 Dec.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Suillus granulatus; Antineoplastic agent;

 Cytotoxicity; Extracts; Phenols; Structure

 

 

 32                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783

 Defoliation and moisture streess influence competition between

 endophyte-free tall fescue and white clover, birdsfoot trefoil and

 Caucasian clover. Hill, M.J.; Hoveland, C.S.

 Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research

 Organization; 1993.

 Australian journal of agricultural research v. 44 (5): p.

 1135-1145; 1993. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Medicago sativa; Phalaris

 aquatica; Trifolium repens; Defoliation; Leaf water potential;

 Plant competition; Water stress; Crop yield; Dry matter

 

 

 33                                    NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82

 Dependence of 3 Nebraska Sandhills warm-season grasses on

 vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae.

 Brejda, J.J.; Yocom, D.H.; Moser, L.E.; Waller, S.S.

 Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1993 Jan.

 Journal of range management v. 46 (1): p. 14-20; 1993 Jan. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nebraska; Calamovilfa longifolia; Panicum

 virgatum; Andropogon gerardii; Glomus deserticola; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Symbiosis; Phosphorus; Use efficiency;

 Recovery; Plant nutrition; Seedlings; Tillering; Revegetation

 plants; Growth rate; Nutrient uptake

 

 Abstract:  Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) are rare or

 absent in actively eroding soils of the Sandhills. The

 objective of this study was to determine if 3 major Sandhills warm-

 season grasses used in reseeding eroded Sandhills sites are highly

 mycorrhizal dependent, and evaluate the response of VAM at

 different phosphorus (P) levels. In 2 greenhouse

 experiments, sand bluestem [Andropogon gerardii var.

 paucipilus (Nash) Fern.], switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and

 prairie sandreed [Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook) Scribn.] were grown

 in steam-sterilized sand in pots and inoculated

 with either indigenous Sandhills VAM, Glomus deserticola, or

 noninoculated. In the second experiment, VAM inoculated and control

 plants were treated with 5 P levels ranging from 5.4 to 27.0 mg P

 pot-1. Increasing levels of P fertilizer caused an initial

 increase, then dramatic decrease, in percentage

 colonization by Glomus deserticola but bad no effect on

 percentage colonization by indigenous Sandhills VAM.

 Mycorrhizal inoculated plants had a greater number of tillers,

 greater shoot weight, root weight, tissue P concentration and

 percentage P recovered, and a lower root/shoot ratio and P

 efficiency than noninoculated plants. Noninoculated sand

 bluestem had significantly lower shoot P concentration but

 greater P efficiency over all P levels thin any other grass-VAM

 treatment combination. Phosphorus fertilizer and VAM

 effects were often complementary at P levels up to 16.2 to

 21.6 mg P pot-1, with no change or a decrease in plant

 responses at higher P levels. These 3 major Sandhills warm-

 season grasses were highly mycorrhizal dependent. Successful

 reestablishment of these on eroded sites in the Sandhills may be

 greatly improved if soil reinoculation with VAM occurred prior to

 revegetation.

 

 

 34                                  NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71

 Development of Ectomycorrhizae on container-grown European

 larch. Rietveld, W.J.; Sharp, R.A.; Kienzler, M.F.; Dixon,

 R.K.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1989.

 Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service v. 40 (2): p. 12-17; 1989.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Larix decidua; Laccaria laccata; Mycorrhizal

 fungi; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Fungicide

 application; Pesticide action; Fertilizer application;

 Inoculation

 

 

 35                                 NAL Call. No.: aSD12.A13R47

 Development of Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhizae on

 loblolly pine seedlings from spores sprayed at different times and

 rates. Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E.

 Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1990 Apr.

 Research note SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (356): 7 p.; 1990

 Apr.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Pisolithus tinctorius; Seedlings; Spores;

 Development; Inoculation; Spraying

 

 

 36                                  NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71 Dry

 site survival of bareroot and container seedlings of

 southern pines from different genetic sources given root dip and

 ectomycorrhizal treatments. Echols, R.J.; Meier, C.E.;

 Ezell, A.W.; McKinley, C.R.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990.

 Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service v. 41 (2): p. 13-21. maps; 1990.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Preplanting treatment; Container

 grown plants; Bare rooted stock; Survival; Ectomycorrhizas

 

 

 37                                  NAL Call. No.: QK898.N6N52

 Ecological aspects of the actinorhizal plants growing in the basin

 of Mexico. Cruz-Cisneros, R.; Valdes, M.

 Bangkok, Thailand : Thailand Institute of Scientific and

 Technological Research; 1990 Aug.

 Nitrogen fixing tree research reports v. 8: p. 42-47; 1990

 Aug.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mexico; Forest trees; Leguminosae; Frankia;

 Symbiosis; Mycorrhizas; Nitrogen fixing trees; Plant

 communities; Geographical distribution; Flora

 

 

 38                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 The

 ecology and functioning of vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizas in co-existing grassland species. II. Nutrient

 uptake and growth of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal plants in a

 semi-natural grassland.

 Sanders, I.R.; Fitter, A.H.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Apr.

 The New phytologist v. 120 (4): p. 525-533; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plantago lanceolata; Rumex acetosa; Trifolium

 pratense; Holcus lanatus; Festuca rubra; Lathyrus pratensis;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Grasslands; Nutrient uptake;

 Growth; Phosphorus; Shoots; Plant composition

 

 

 39                                NAL Call. No.: DISS F1990017

 Ecology of mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris seedlings aspects of

 colonization and growth.

 Stenstrom, Elna

 Uppsala : Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,

 Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology,; 1990.

 407 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.  Originally presented as the author's thesis

 (Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1990).  Includes

 bibliographical references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Scots pine; Seedlings; Ectomycorrhizas

 

 

 40                                    NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Ectomycorrhixal development on pine by Pisolithus tinctorius in

 bare-root and container seedling nurseries. I. Efficacy of various

 vegetative inoculum formulations.

 Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E.; Maul, S.B.; Ruehle, J.L.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Mar.

 New forests v. 3 (1): p. 45-56; 1989 Mar.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Pinus elliottii; Pinus Virginiana;

 Seedlings; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius;

 Ectomycorrhizae; Container grown plants; Carbon; Nitrogen

 

 

 41                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Ectomycorrhizae and growth of Douglas-fir seedlings

 preinoculated with Rhizopogon vinicolor and outplanted on

 eastern Vancouver Island. Berch, S.M.; Roth, A.L.

 Ottawa, National Research Council of Canada; 1993 Aug.

 Canadian journal of forest research v. 23 (8): p. 1711-1715; 1993

 Aug. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: British Columbia; Cabt; Pseudotsuga menziesii;

 Seedlings; Transplanting; Container grown plants; Root

 inoculation; Rhizopogon; Colonizing ability; Growth

 

 Abstract:  Ectomycorrhizal colonization of container-grown

 Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco (Douglas-fir) inoculated with

 Rhizopogon vinicolor A.H. Smith was determined after cold storage

 and after one growing season on a clearcut on eastern Vancouver

 Island. Inoculated Douglas-fir seedlings were taller than

 noninoculated controls when outplanted but, perhaps

 because of browse damage, no growth differences were found

 after one field season. Rhizopogon vinicolor colonized all of the

 inoculated but none of the control seedlings examined

 after cold storage. Volunteer Thelephora terrestris Fr.

 colonized almost half of the control and 10% of the inoculated

 seedlings before outplanting. After one field season,

 inoculated and control seedlings were colonized by 15

 ectomycorrhizal fungi each, only eight of which were found on both.

 Rhizopogon vinicolor persisted on the roots of

 inoculated plants, but was also present in the field soil

 since the control seedlings also bore these mycorrhizae after one

 growing season. The relative abundance of T. terrestris decreased

 from the nursery to the field. The other common

 ectomycorrhizae in the field included Mycelium radicis

 atrovirens Melin, Cenococcum geophilum Fr., and types

 resembling Tuber and Endogone.

 

 

 42                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Ectomycorrhizae in reforestation.

 Kropp, B.R.; Langlois, C.G.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 Apr.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 20 (4): p. 438-451; 1990 Apr.  Paper

 presented at a "Symposium on Advances in Canadian Forest

 Research," October 3-5, 1988, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada. 

 Literature review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Afforestation; Mycorrhizas; Inoculation;

 Seedlings; Cost benefit analysis

 

 

 43                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Ectomycorrhizae of Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings

 outplanted on eastern Vancouver Island.

 Roth, A.L.; Berch, S.M.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Nov.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de

 recherche forestiere v. 22 (11): p. 1646-1655; 1992 Nov. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: British Columbia; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tsuga

 heterophylla; Seedlings; Container grown plants;

 Transplanting; Ectomycorrhizas; Thelephora terrestris;

 Rhizopogon; Cenococcum geophilum; Colonizing ability; Growth

 

 Abstract:  Ectomycorrhizal colonization of container-grown

 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and western

 hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was

 determined in a container nursery near Nanaimo, British

 Columbia, and after one growing season under a range of field

 conditions on eastern Vancouver Island. The percentage of

 Douglas-fir and western hemlock short roots colonized by

 ectomycorrhizal fungi in the nursery was highly variable, but over

 99% of the ectomycorrhizae were formed by Thelephora

 terrestris Ehrh.:Fr. Between 72 and 93% of the new roots were

 ectomycorrhizal after one field season, and Thelephora

 terrestris remained the dominant fungus in most cases.

 Rhizopogon vinicolor like ectomycorrhizae were also common on new

 roots of Douglas-fir. Cenococcum geophilum Fr. was less common.

 Douglas-fir seedlings formed 33 morphologically

 distinct ectomycorrhizae on eight sites within one growing

 season in the field. Western hemlock formed nine types on a single

 site.

 

 

 44                                    NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48

 Ectomycorrhizal activity and conifer growth interactions in

 western-montane forest soils.

 Harvey, A.E.; Page-Dumroese, D.S.; Graham, R.T.; Jurgensen, M.F.

 Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1991 Aug.

 General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (280): p.

 110-117; 1991 Aug.  Proceedings of a meeting on "Management and

 Productivity of Western Montane Forest Soils," April

 10-12, 1990, Boise, Idaho.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Forest soils; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth; Forest trees;

 Conifers; Site preparation

 

 45                                    NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Ectomycorrhizal development on pine by Pisolithus tinctorius in

 bare-root and container seedling nurseries. II. Efficacy of various

 vegetative and spore inocula.

 Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E.; Maul, S.B.; Ruehle, J.L.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Mar.

 New forests v. 3 (1): p. 57-66; 1989 Mar.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Pinus Virginiana; Pinus clausa;

 Seedlings; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius; Container grown

 plants; Ectomycorrhizae; Spores

 

 

 46                                    NAL Call. No.: 99.9 SO82 An

 ectomycorrhizal fungus of pine seedlings in an eastern

 transvaal nursery. Van Greuning, J.V.; Van der Westhuizen,

 G.C.A.

 Pretoria : South African Forestry Association; 1990 Dec.

 South African forestry journal (155): p. 1-4; 1990 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus patula; Pinus elliottii; Seedlings;

 Mycorrhizas; Thelephora terrestris; Plant morphology

 

 

 47                                     NAL Call. No.: SD388.W6

 Ectomycorrhizal inoculation fails to improve performance of Sitka

 spruce seedlings on clearcuts on southeastern Alaska. Loopstra,

 E.M.; Shaw, C.G. III; Sidle, R.C.

 Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1988 Oct.

 Western journal of applied forestry v. 3 (4): p. 110-112; 1988 Oct. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Alaska; Picea sitchensis; Seedlings; Container grown

 plants; Inoculation; Ectomycorrhizae; Laccaria laccata; Cenococcum;

 Transplanting

 

 

 48                                   NAL Call. No.: 102.5 P413

 Efectos de fungicidas sistemicos sobre la viabilidad del hongo

 endofito (Acremonium ceonophialum, Morgan-Jones y Gams) en

 semilla de festuca (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)  [Effects of

 systemic fungicides on the viability of the endophyte fungus

 (Acremonium coenophialum) in seed of fescue (Festuca

 arundinacea)].

 Maddaloni, J.; Sala, M.; Carletti, S.; Marquez, R.

 Pergamino : La Estacion; 1989 Mar.

 Informe tecnico - Estacion Experimental Regional Agropecuaria,

 Pergamino (225): 10 p.; 1989 Mar.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  Spanish

 

 Descriptors: Argentina; Festuca arundinacea; Seed germination; Seed

 pathology; Seed storage; Contamination; Infection;

 Acremonium; Systemic action; Viability

 

 

 49                                     NAL Call. No.: SB13.A27

 Effect of an ectomycorrhizal fungus on fruit tree

 micropropagation. Baraldi, R.; Branzanti, B.

 Firenze, Italy : Department of Horticulture, University of

 Florence; 1988. Advances in horticultural science v. 2 (2): p. 75;

 1988.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pyrus; Micropropagation; Shoot tip culture; Shoot

 cuttings; Culture media; Iba; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal

 fungi; Hebeloma; Rooting capacity

 

 

 50                                     NAL Call. No.: SD388.W6

 Effect of controlled-release fertilizers on growth and

 mycorrhizae in container-grown Engelmann spruce.

 Hunt, G.A.

 Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1989 Oct.

 Western journal of applied forestry v. 4 (4): p. 129-131; 1989 Oct. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Picea engelmannii; Container grown plants;

 Seedlings; Npk fertilizers; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth;

 Colonizing ability

 

 

 51                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Effect of degree of soil disturbance on mycorrhizal

 colonization and phosphorus absorption by maize in growth

 chamber and field experiments. McGonigle, T.P.; Evans, D.G.;

 Miller, M.H.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Dec.

 The New phytologist v. 116 (4): p. 629-636; 1990 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Zea mays; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas;

 Inorganic phosphorus; Nutrient uptake; Phosphorus fertilizers;

 Roots; Infection; Mycelium; Shoots; Nutrient content; Dry

 matter accumulation; Crop yield; Disturbed soils; Tillage;

 Conservation tillage; Growth chambers; Field experimentation

 

 

 52                                      NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82

 Effect of endomycorrhizal inoculation during propagation on growth

 following transplanting of Cornus sericea cuttings and seedlings.

 Verkade, S.D.; Elson, L.C.; Hamilton, D.F.

 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1988

 Sep. Acta horticulturae (227): p. 248-250; 1988 Sep.  In the series

 analytic: Vegetative propagation of woody species / edited by F.

 Loreti. Proceedings of an International

 Symposium, September 3-5, 1987, Pisa, Italy.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Cornus sericea; Cuttings; Seedlings; Inoculation;

 Glomus fasciculatus; Glomus macrocarpus; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth

 rate; Transplants; Plant propagation

 

 

 53                                      NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82

 Effect of ericoid mycorrhizae isolates on growth and

 development of lowbush blueberry tissue culture plantlets.

 Smagula, J.M.; Litten, W.

 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1989

 May. Acta horticulturae (241): p. 110-114; 1989 May.  In the series

 analytics: Vaccinium Culture / edited by E.J.

 Stang. Papers presented at the Fourth International Symposium,

 August 13-17, 1988, East Lansing, Michigan.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vaccinium angustifolium; Tissue culture; Plants;

 Inoculation; Mycorrhizal fungi; Plant height; Branching;

 Nitrogen content

 

 

 54                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Effect of fertilization on seedling growth, ectomycorrhizal

 symbiosis, and nutrient uptake in Larix laricina.

 Chakravarty, P.; Chatarpaul, L.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 Feb.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 20 (2): p. 245-248; 1990 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Larix laricina; Seedlings; Fertilizers; Container

 grown plants; Ectomycorrhizae; Nutrient contents of plants;

 Laccaria laccata

 

 

 55                                      NAL Call. No.: QK1.A28

 Effect of fuel burning on VA mycorrhizal fungi and their

 influence on the growth of early plant colonizing species.

 Deka, H.K.; Mishra, R.R.; Sharma, G.D.

 Meerut, India : Society for Advancement of Botany; 1990 Dec. Acta

 botanica Indica v. 18 (2): p. 184-189; 1990 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: India; Forest trees; Soil fungi; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Fire effects; Symbiosis; Seasonal

 variation

 

 

 56                                   NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Effect of fungicides on three vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal

 fungi associated with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

 Dodd, J.C.; Jeffries, P.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1989.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 7 (2): p. 120-128; 1989. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: England; Fungicides; Pesticide action; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizae; Glomus; Soil fungi; Spore germination;

 Triticum aestivum; Crop yield

 

 

 57                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 The

 effect of fungicides on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.

 I. The effects on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant

 growth. Sukarno, N.; Smith, S.E.; Scott, E.S. Cambridge : Cambridge

 University Press; 1993 Sep.

 The New phytologist v. 125 (1): p. 139-147; 1993 Sep. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Allium cepa; Fungicides; Glomus; Growth; Nitrogen

 fixation; Plant development; Soil fungi; Symbiosis; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas

 

 

 58                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 Au783 The

 effect of inoculation of cashew with NutriLink on

 vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection and plant growth.

 Haugen, L.M.; Smith, S.E.

 Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research

 Organization, 1950-; 1993.

 Australian journal of agricultural research v. 44 (6): p.

 1211-1220; 1993. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Western australia; Cabt; Anacardium occidentale;

 Seedlings; Soil inoculation; Glomus intraradices;

 Formulations; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Triple

 superphosphate; Soil ph; Plant analysis; Potting; Cotyledons;

 Growth; Potassium; Leaves; Roots; Lime; Nurseries

 

 

 59                                   NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and soil restoration on the

 growth of Pinus halepensis seedlings in a semiarid soil.

 Roldan, A.; Albaladejo, J.

 Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-;

 1994. Biology and fertility of soils v. 18 (2): p. 143-149; 1994. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Spain; Cabt; Pinus halepensis; Seedlings;

 Mycorrhizal fungi; Pisolithus tinctorius; Seed inoculation; Refuse;

 Soil amendments; Application rates; Establishment;

 Growth rate; Plant height; Shoots; Weight; Roots; Nutrients; Root

 tips; Colonization

 

 60                                    NAL Call. No.: 100 K41PR

 Effect of nitrogen fertilization of KY-31 endophyte infected tall

 fescue on toxicity and digestibility in dairy calves.

 Sorgho, Z.; Jackson, J.A. Jr; Hemken, R.W.; Harmon, R.J.

 Lexington, Ky. : The Station; 1986 Jun.

 Progress report - Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station

 (297): 7 p.; 1986 Jun.  Documents available from Agriculture

 Library, Agricultural Science Center-North, University of

 Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091. In the series analytic: 1986

 dairy research report.  Includes statistical data.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Dairy cattle; Calves; Feeding; Festuca

 arundinacea; Poisonous plants

 

 

 61                                  NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71

 Effect of nursery-produced endomycorrhizal inoculum on growth of

 redwood seedlings in fumigated soil.

 Adams, D.; Tidwell, T.; Ritchey, J.; Wells, H.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990.

 Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service v. 41 (3): p. 7-11; 1990.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sequoia sempervirens; Endomycorrhizas; Inoculum; Soil

 fumigation; Seedlings; Growth rate; Glomus mosseae;

 Planting stock

 

 

 62                                      NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82 The

 effect of paclobutrazol on the vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizae of alemow, Citrus macrophylla Wester, rootstocks.

 Michelini, S.; Chinnery, L.E.; Thomas, J.P.

 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1989

 Jul. Acta horticulturae (239): p. 427-430; 1989 Jul. 

 Paper presented at the "Sixth International Symposium on

 Growth Regulators in Fruit Production," July 25-29, 1988,

 Penticton, B.C., Canada.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Citrus macrophylla; Rootstocks; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Container grown plants; Infection;

 Paclobutrazol; Treatment; Fungicidal properties

 

 

 63                                    NAL Call. No.: QK475.T74 The

 effect of Paxillus involutus Fr. on aluminum sensitivity of Norway

 spruce seedlings.

 Hentschel, E.; Godbold, D.L.; Marschner, P.; Schlegel, H.;

 Jentschke, G. Victoria [B.C.] Canada : Heron Pub.,; 1993 Jun. Tree

 physiology v. 12 (4): p. 379-390; 1993 Jun.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Picea abies; Seedlings; Aluminum; Phytotoxicity;

 Paxillus involutus; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Shoots; Roots; Growth inhibitors; Ion uptake; Magnesium;

 Calcium; Plant composition; Chlorophyll; Nutrient uptake;

 Mineral nutrition; Conifer needles; Chlorosis; Net

 assimilation rate; Photosynthesis; Acid soils

 

 Abstract:  Non-mycorrhizal Norway spruce seedlings (Picea

 abies Karst.) and Norway spruce seedlings colonized with

 Pavillus involustus Fr. were grown in an axenic silica sand culture

 system. After successful mycorrhizal colonization, the seedlings

 were exposed to 200 or 800 micrometer A1Cl3, for 10 weeks. In both

 non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal seedlings,

 exposure to Al significantly reduced root growth and the

 uptake of Mg and Ca. After 5 weeks of exposure to 800

 micrometer Al, the mycorrhizal seedlings had significantly

 higher chlorophyll concentrations than the non-mycorrhizal

 seedlings, although no difference in Mg nutrition was

 apparent. After 10 weeks of exposure to Al, both non-

 mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal seedlings exhibited needle

 chlorosis and reduced photosynthetic activity. However, the

 aluminum-induced reduction in shoot growth was largely

 ameliorated by colonization with P. involutus. We conclude

 that mycorrhizal colonization modifies the phytotoxic effects of Al

 in Norway spruce seedlings. However, differences in

 physiological responses to Al between mycorrhizal and non-

 mycorrhizal seedlings may be largely reduced in the long term as a

 result of impaired mineral nutrient uptake.

 

 

 64                                     NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9 The

 effect of pH on production of plant growth regulators by

 mycorrhizal fungi.

 Strzelczyk, E.; Pokojska, A.; Kampert, M.

 Rehovot, Israel : Balaban Publishers; 1993.

 Symbiosis v. 14 (1/3): p. 201-215; 1993.  Paper presented at the

 "International Symbiosis Congress," November 17-22, 1991,

 Jerusalem, Israel. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Suillus; Hebeloma crustuliniforme; Hebeloma;

 Cenococcum graniforme; Pisolithus tinctorius; Mycorrhizal

 fungi; Ectomycorrhizas; Iaa; Gibberellins; Cytokinins;

 Biosynthesis; Ph

 

 

 65                                      NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82

 Effect of phosophorus fertilization upon soil P content and P

 uptake by highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.).

 Scibisz, K.; Pliszka, K.; Czesnik, E.; Rojek, H.

 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990

 May. Acta horticulturae (274): p. 471-479; 1990 May. 

 Paper presented at the "International Symposium on Diagnosis of

 Nutritional Status of Deciduous Fruit Orchards," August

 25-28, 1989, Warsaw, Poland.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Poland; Vaccinium corymbosum; Phosphorus

 fertilizers; Soil analysis; Foliar diagnosis; Yield response

 functions

 

 Abstract:  During four consecutive years, in a field trial on

 'Bluecrop' highbush blueberry planted in a podzolic sandy soil

 effects of three factors have been studied: (1) P

 fertilization vs P-O, (2) NKMg applications vs nil NKMg, (3) pine

 bark mulching versus clean cultivation. Phosphorus

 fertilization resulted in an increase of soil P and of foliar P

 content but had no influence on leaf and soil N, K, Mg

 level, vegetative growth or yield. Neither P nor NKMg

 fertilization had any effect on the mycorrhizal infection

 level-as described by the methods used. Mulching decreased the

 differences in soil and plant mineral content between

 fertilized and non-fertilized plots, also highly influenced yield

 and growth performance.

 

 

 66                                   NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773

 Effect of ryegrass endophyte in mixed swards of perennial

 ryegrass and white clover under two levels or irrigation and

 pesticide treatment. Lewis, G.C.

 Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1992 Sep.

 Grass and forage science : the journal of the British

 Grassland Society v. 47 (3): p. 302-305; 1992 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Uk; Cabt; Grass sward; Lolium perenne; Trifolium

 repens; Mixed pastures; Endophytes; Acremonium; Crop yield;

 Herbage; Irrigation scheduling; Carbosulfan; Insect control

 

 

 67                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Effect of straw residues on black spruce seedling growth and

 mineral nutrition, under greenhouse conditions.

 Jobidon, R.; Thibault, J.R.; Fortin, J.A.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1989 Oct.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 19 (10): p. 1291-1293; 1989 Oct. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Picea mariana; Seedlings; Straw mulches; Mineral

 nutrition; Growth; Mycorrhizas; Weed control; Greenhouse

 culture; Nutrient contents of plants; Phosphorus

 

 

 68                                    NAL Call. No.: S631.F422

 Effect of VAM inoculation on plant growth, nutrient level and root

 phosphatase activity in papaya (Carica papaya cv. Coorg Honey Dew).

 Mohandas, S.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992 Jun.

 Fertilizer research v. 31 (3): p. 263-267; 1992 Jun.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Carica papaya; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil

 inoculation; Plant height; Dry matter; Acid phosphatase

 

 Abstract:  Papava (Carica papava cv. Coorg Honey Dew) plants

 inoculated with the VA mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mossae and G.

 fasciculatum in sterilized nursery soil showed improved plant

 height, dry matter as well as P, N and Zn concentrations with no or

 low levels of phosphorus application. There was an

 enhanced alkaline and acid phosphatase activity on the root surface

 and also in the enzyme extract of the root of papaya.

 

 

 69                                       NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6

 Effect of vesicular--arbuscular mycorrhizae on tissue culture-

 derived plantlets of strawberry.

 Chavez, M.G.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R.

 Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1990

 Aug. HortScience v. 25 (8): p. 903-905; 1990 Aug. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Fragaria ananassa; Micropropagation; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizae; Colonizing ability; Glomus

 macrocarpus; Glomus; Symbiosis; Endophytes; Growth rate; Crop

 yield; Cultivars; Varietal effects

 

 

 70                                   NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68

 Effects of Acremonium coenophialum infestation, bermudagrass, and

 nitrogen or clover on steers grazing tall fescue pastures.

 Chestnut, A.B.; Fribourg, H.A.; McLaren, J.B.; Keltner, D.G.;

 Reddick, B.B.; Carlisle, R.J.; Smith, M.C.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr.

 Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (2): p. 208-213; 1991 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Tennessee; Beef cattle; Steers; Grazing; Grazing

 trials; Performance; Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Endophytes; Poisoning; Trifolium repens; Cynodon

 dactylon; Mixed pastures; Forage; Biomass production; Nitrogen

 fertilizers; Feed intake; Dry matter; Liveweight gain; Body

 temperature; Coat

 

 

 71                                     NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C The

 effects of aluminum and calcium on the growth and

 nutrition of selected ectomycorrhizal fungi of jack pine.

 Browning, M.H.R.; Hutchinson, T.C.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Aug.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69

 (8): p. 1691-1699; 1991 Aug.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ontario; Pinus banksiana; Hebeloma

 crustuliniforme; Rhizopogon; Suillus; Ectomycorrhizas; Growth;

 Regulation; Aluminum; Calcium; Plant nutrition; Stand

 characteristics; Age of trees

 

 

 72                                  NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52

 Effects of ammonium and aluminium on the development and

 nutrition of Pinus nigra in hydroculture.

 Boxman, A.W.; Krabbendam, H.; Bellemakers, M.J.S.; Roelofs, J.G.M.

 Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1991.

 Environmental pollution v. 73 (2): p. 119-136; 1991.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Netherlands; Pinus nigra; Ammonium nitrogen;

 Aluminum; Root shoot ratio; Biomass production; Mycorrhizas;

 Nodulation; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen; Calcium; Magnesium;

 Zinc; Phosphorus; Potassium; Plant nutrition; Nutrient

 content; Cultures

 

 

 73                                     NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Effects of benomyl, clipping, and competition on growth of

 prereproductive Lotus corniculatus.

 Borowicz, V.A.

 Ottawa : National Research Council of Canada, 1951-; 1993 Sep.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 71

 (9): p. 1169-1175; 1993 Sep.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lotus corniculatus; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Defoliation; Plant competition; Effects;

 Survival; Growth; Benomyl; Treatment; Brassica napus; Plant

 interaction

 

 

 74                                     NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Effects of endophtye-infected tall fescue on animal

 performance. Schmidt, S.P.; Osborn, T.G.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1993 Mar.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 44 (1/4): p.

 233-262; 1993 Mar.  In the special issue: Acremonium/grass

 interactions / edited by R. Joost and S. Quisenberry.

 Proceedings of the international symposium on Acremonium/Grass

 Interactions, held November 5-7, 1990, New Orleans, Louisiana. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium coenophialum;

 Infection; Cattle feeding; Performance; Endophytes; Horses;

 Poisoning; Grazing; Reproductive performance

 

 75                                   NAL Call. No.: SD14.C26P3

 Effects of ethephon and drought on container-grown Pinus

 resinosa seedlings. Maynard, S.F.; Livingston, W.H.

 Victoria : The Centre; 1991.

 Information report BC-X - Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific

 Forestry Centre (331): p. 259-267; 1991.  Proceedings of the first

 meeting of IUFRO Working Party S2.07-09 (Diseases and Insects in

 Forest Nurseries), held August 23-30, 1990,

 Victoria British Columbia.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus resinosa; Seedlings; Container grown

 plants; Ethephon; Drought; Stress; Roots; Growth;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Disease resistance

 

 

 76                                     NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Effects of Hebeloma arenosa and phosphorus fertility on growth of

 red pine (Pinus resinosa) seedlings.

 MacFall, J.; Slack, S.A.; Iyer, J.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Feb.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69

 (2): p. 372-379. ill; 1991 Feb.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Wisconsin; Pinus resinosa; Hebeloma; Seedlings;

 Growth; Phosphorus fertilizers; Plant nutrition;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Nutrient uptake

 

 

 77                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Effects of Hebeloma arenosa on growth and survival of

 container-grown red pine seedlings (Pinus resinosa).

 MacFall, J.S.; Slack, S.A.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Oct.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 21 (10): p. 1459-1465; 1991 Oct. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus resinosa; Seedlings; Container grown

 plants; Hebeloma; Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Plant height;

 Survival; Fertilizers

 

 Abstract:  The ability of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma

 arenosa Burdsall, MacFall & Albers to enhance growth and

 survival of container-grown red pine seedlings (Pinus resinosa

 Ait.) was investigated. Shoot height of H. arenosa inoculated

 seedlings was 28% greater than noninoculated seedlings when grown

 without fertilizer applications. Eight-week-old

 seedlings transplanted into a Ball mix (a mixture of peat,

 bark, and perlite) containing up to a 1:64 dilution of fungal

 inoculum had significantly greater root dry weights and

 root/shoot ratios than noninoculated seedlings when grown for an

 additional 14 weeks. Under experimental greenhouse

 conditions, root and shoot dry weights of container-grown red pine

 seedlings that had been directly seeded into Ball mix

 containing up to a 1:256 dilution of fungal inoculum were

 significantly greater than weights measured for noninoculated

 seedlings. Root and shoot dry weights of container-grown

 seedlings seeded directly into a 1:5 dilution of H. arenosa

 inoculum and Ball mix and then grown under commercial

 production conditions were greater than comparable weights of

 noninoculated seedlings. Hebeloma arenosa inoculation

 significantly increased seedling survival following

 outplanting, but did not increase seedling growth. Hebeloma arenosa

 did not colonize roots growing from the root plug into the

 surrounding soil.

 

 

 78                                     NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Effects of Hebeloma arenosa on growth of red pine seedlings in

 high-fertility nursery soil in Wisconsin.

 MacFall, J.S.; Slack, S.A.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Apr.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 21 (4): p. 482-488; 1991 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Wisconsin; Pinus resinosa; Seedlings; Hebeloma; Soil

 inoculation; Growth; Forest nurseries

 

 Abstract:  Mycorrhizal colonization and growth of red pine

 (Pinus resinosa Ait.) inoculated with the fungus Hebeloma

 arenosa Burdsall, MacFall & Albers were investigated in a

 highly fertile nursery soil. In greenhouse tests, seedlings became

 mycorrhizal with H. arenosa when inoculum was

 incorporated throughout the soil to a 1:256 dilution (v/v).

 Inoculated seedlings had greater root dry weights and

 root/shoot ratios than noninoculated seedlings. Seedlings that grew

 in soil where inoculum had been placed around the seeds had greater

 root dry weights (at a 1:64 dilution) and shoot dry weights (at a

 1:4 dilution) than noninoculated seedlings from unpasteurized or

 pasteurized soil. Hebeloma arenosa

 inoculum stimulated increased root and shoot dry weights for 2

 years compared with noninoculated seedlings mycorrhizal with

 indigenous fungi. This study supports the hypothesis that H.

 arenosa can colonize red pine and cause an increase in growth even

 in highly fertile nursery soils.

 

 

 79                                    NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59 The

 effects of insecticide applications on establishment of endophyte-

 free and endophyte-infected tall fescue varieties. Wilmsmeyer,

 R.H.; Bailey, W.C.; Munson, R.E.

 Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991.

 Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p.

 240-243; 1991.  Meeting held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia,

 Missouri.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Cultivars; Stand establishment; Insecticides; Crop

 density

 

 

 80                            NAL Call. No.: FULD1780 1991.O26

 Effects of lime, phosphorus, and vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizal inoculation on the establishment and growth of

 Vigna parkeri in a Pomona fine sand. O'Donnell, James John, 1991;

 1991.

 x, 85 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.  Typescript.  Vita.  Includes

 bibliographical references (leaves 73-84).

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vigna; Legumes

 

 

 81                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal fungi infecting Pinus

 sylvestris L. II. Growth rates in pure culture at different pH

 values compared to growth rates in symbiosis with the host

 plant.

 Erland, S.; Soderstrom, B.; Andersson, S.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Aug.

 The New phytologist v. 115 (4): p. 683-688. ill; 1990 Aug. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sweden; Pinus sylvestris; Aphyllophorales;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Mycelium; Growth rate; In vitro; Agar; Peat; Ph;

 Acidity; Symbiosis

 

 

 82                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal fungi infecting Pinus

 sylvestris L. III. Saprophytic growth and host plant infection at

 different pH values in unsterile humus.

 Erland, S.; Soderstrom, B.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Mar.

 The New phytologist v. 117 (3): p. 405-411; 1991 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sweden; Pinus sylvestris; Ectomycorrhizas;

 Mycorrhizal fungi; Infectivity; Liming; Saprophytes; Growth; Humus;

 Soil ph

 

 

 83                                    NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82

 Effects of litter treatments on the sporophore production of beech

 forest macrofungi.

 Tyler, G.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Sep.

 Mycological research v. 95 (pt.9): p. 1137-1139; 1991 Sep. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sweden; Fagus sylvatica; Decay fungi; Agaricales;

 Russula; Litter (plant); Forest ecology; Sexual reproduction;

 Mycorrhizas

 

 

 84                                  NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52

 Effects of mycorrhizae and other soil microbes on revegetation of

 heavy metal contaminated mine spoil.

 Shetty, K.G.; Hetrick, B.A.D.; Figge, D.A.H.; Schwab, A.P.

 Oxford, UK : Elsevier Science Limited; 1994.

 Environmental pollution v. 86 (2): p. 181-188; 1994.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Andropogon gerardii; Festuca arundinacea;

 Mycorrhizal fungi; Soil flora; Establishment; Survival;

 Growth; Revegetation; Translocation; Zinc; Nutrient uptake;

 Revegetation plants; Polluted soils; Mine spoil; Reclamation

 

 

 85                                     NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Effects of mycorrhizae, phosphorus availability, and plant

 density on yield relationships among competing tallgrass

 prairie grasses.

 Hetrick, B.A.D.; Hartnett, D.C.; Wilson, G.W.T.; Gibson, D.J.

 Ottawa : National Research Council of Canada, 1951-; 1994 Feb.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 72

 (2): p. 168-176; 1994 Feb.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Andropogon gerardii; Koeleria; Elymus canadensis;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Phosphorus; Nutrient

 availability; Plant competition; Plant density; Competitive

 ability; Yields; Dry matter accumulation

 

 

 86                                    NAL Call. No.: SD14.B7F7

 Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on quality of nursery stock and

 plantation performance in the southern interior of British

 Columbia. Hunt, G.A.

 Victoria, B.C. : Canadian Forestry Service; 1992 Jun.

 FRDA report (185): 18 p.; 1992 Jun.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: British Columbia; Forest nurseries; Planting

 stock; Mycorrhizal fungi; Soil inoculation; Transplanting;

 Performance; Forest plantations; Roots; Colonizing ability

 

 

 87                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Effects of nitrogen source on growth, nutrition,

 photosynthetic rate and nitrogen metabolism of mycorrhizal and

 phosphorus-fertilized plants of Lactuca sativa L.

 Azcon, R.; Gomez, M.; Tobar, R.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Jun.

 The New phytologist v. 121 (2): p. 227-234; 1992 Jun. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lactuca sativa; Glomus mosseae; Glomus

 fasciculatum; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Nitrogen;

 Nutrient requirements; Nutrient sources; Growth;

 Photosynthesis; Net assimilation rate; Nitrogen metabolism; Nitrate

 reductase; Enzyme activity; Glutamate-ammonia ligase; Phosphorus

 fertilizers

 

 

 88                                      NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Effects of pH on arbuscular mycorrhiza. I. Field observations on

 the long-term liming experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn. Wang,

 G.M.; Stribley, D.P.; Tinker, P.B.; Walker, C.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1993 Jul.

 The New phytologist v. 124 (3): p. 465-472; 1993 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: South east england; Avena sativa; Solanum

 tuberosum; Mycorrhizal fungi; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Roots; Soil ph; Soil acidity; Liming;

 Superphosphate; Crop yield; Long term experiments

 

 

 89                                    NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U57

 Effects of shading and mycorrhizae on the growth and

 development of container-grown black and English oak

 seedlings.

 Kissee, K.K.; Garrett, H.E.; Pallardy, S.G.; Reid, R.K.

 New Orleans, La. : The Station; 1989.

 General technical report SO - U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station (74): p. 63-66;

 1989.  Paper presented at the Fifth Biennial Southern Silvicultural

 Research Conference, Nov 1-3, 1988, Memphis,

 Tennessee.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Quercus velutina; Quercus robur; Seedlings;

 Container grown plants; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius; Suillus

 luteus; Thelephora terrestris; Shading; Growth

 

 90                                  NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52

 Effects of soil-applied lead on seedling growth and

 ectomycorrhizal colonization of loblolly pine.

 Chappelka, A.H.; Kush, J.S.; Runion, G.B.; Meier, S.; Kelley, W.D.

 Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1991.

 Environmental pollution v. 72 (4): p. 307-316; 1991.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Lead; Polluted soils; Seedling

 growth; Ectomycorrhizas; Cenococcum geophilum; Colonizing

 ability; Root tips; Plant height; Biomass production; Foliage;

 Stems; Soil types; Application rates

 

 

 91                                     NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Efficiency of crop inoculation with endomycorrhizal fungi.

 Muromtsev, G.S.; Marshunova, G.N.; Yakobi, L.M.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1990 Feb.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 29: p. 307-310;

 1990 Feb.  Special Issue, Part B: Ecological and Applied

 Aspects of Ecto- and Endomycorrhizal Associations. Paper

 presented at the "2nd European Symposium on Mycorrhizae,"

 August 5-9, 1988, Prague, Czechoslovakia.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: U.S.S.R.; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae;

 Inoculation; Symbiosis; Crop yield; Endomycorrhizae; Nitrogen;

 Rhizobium

 

 

 92                                      NAL Call. No.: 18 J825

 Einfluss von sterilisiertem und nichtsterilisiertem Stallmist und

 Kompost auf die Effizienz der VA-Mykorrhiza  [Effect of sterilized

 and unsterilized stable manure and compost on the efficiency of VA

 mycorrhiza].

 Brechelt, A.

 Berlin, W. Ger. : Paul Parey; 1989 Feb.

 Zeitschrift fur Acker- und Pflanzenbau v. 162 (2): p. 113-120; 1989

 Feb. Includes references.

 

 Language:  German

 

 Descriptors: Capsicum annuum; Composts; Manures; Soil

 inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Yield

 components; Crop yield; Greenhouse culture

 

 

 93                           NAL Call. No.: QK495.M545F34 1992

 Endomycorrhiza infection in young Faidherbia albida: influence on

 growth and development.

 Ducousso, M.; Colonna, J.P.

 Andhra Pradesh, India : International Crops Research Institute for

 the Semi-Arid Tropics :; 1992.

 Faidherbia albida in the West African semi-arid tropics :

 proceedings of a workshop, 22-26 Apr 1991, Niamey, Niger /

 edited by R.J. Vandenbeldt. p. 151-156; 1992.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Acacia albida; Growth; Plant development;

 Endomycorrhizas

 

 

 94                                  NAL Call. No.: QK898.N6N52

 Endomycorrhizal fungi from leguminous tree species for

 fuelwood plantation in alkaline soil sites.

 Sidhu, O.P.; Behl, H.M.

 Bangkok, Thailand : Thailand Institute of Scientific and

 Technological Research; 1990 Aug.

 Nitrogen fixing tree research reports v. 8: p. 34-36; 1990

 Aug.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: India; Leguminosae; Nitrogen fixing trees;

 Endomycorrhizas; Biomass production; Fuelwood; Alkaline soils; Soil

 ph; Growth

 

 

 95                                      NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Endophyte effects on growth and persistence of tall fescue

 along a water-supply gradient.

 West, C.P.; Izekor, E.; Turner, K.E.; Elmi, A.A.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993

 Mar. Agronomy journal v. 85 (2): p. 264-270; 1993 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Arkansas; Cabt; Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Endophytes; Irrigated conditions; Drought;

 Drought resistance; Persistence; Yield components; Tillers;

 Herbage; Crop yield

 

 Abstract:  Ecophysiology of the endophyte (Acremonium

 coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams)-tall fescue (Festuca

 arundinacea Schreb.) association needs to be understood in

 order to promote environmental fitness traits of the

 association while reducing its deleterious effects on

 ruminants. Our objective was to determine the influence of

 endophyte on drought stress tolerance, persistence, and yield

 components of field-grown tall fescue on a Typic Hapludalfs soil.

 A water supply gradient was established during 1988 and 1989 with

 line-source irrigation on established populations of 0 and 80%

 endophyte-infected tall fescue. Whole plots

 consisted of endophyte infection status, across which a

 gradient of water was applied in a Strip-split fashion with eight

 replicates. Tiller population density and herbage yield were

 determined every 28 d and yield components were measured on

 selected dates. Relative to populations receiving high

 irrigation (375-650 mm applied), tiller density in

 nonirrigated stands (0-50 mm applied) from July to October

 1988 was reduced an average of 42% in infected tall fescue and 55%

 in noninfected tall fescue. Tiller density of

 nonirrigated, infected populations recovered fully to that of high

 irrigation treatments by 17 November, whereas that of

 nonirrigated, endophyte-free populations recovered to only 62% of

 irrigated treatments. The advantage in population density due to

 endophyte infection continued throughout 1989, a

 relatively wet year. A benefit in total forage yield due to

 endophyte infection was not consistently evident because of greater

 yield per tiller in endophyte-free stands in 1989.

 Enhanced tiller density and survival were associated with

 endophyte infection during severe water deficit, and this

 advantage continued throughout the subsequent year. Endophyte

 infection confers population stability in tall fescue during

 drought stress through improved filler and whole plant

 survival.

 

 

 96                                      NAL Call. No.: S37.F72

 Endophyte fescue control in pastures.

 Boyd, J.W.

 Little Rock, Ark. : Cooperative Extension Service,; 1993 Feb. FSA

 (2108): 2 p.; 1993 Feb.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Arkansas; Cabt; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes;

 Cynodon dactylon; Paraquat; Glyphosate; No-tillage; Planting;

 Application date; Application methods; Application rates;

 Tillage; Rotations

 

 

 97                                     NAL Call. No.: SB476.G7

 Endophyte-enhanced stress tolerance.

 Richardson, M.D.; Bacon, C.W.

 Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1993 Mar.

 Grounds maintenance v. 28 (3): p. 62, 64, 86, 90; 1993 Mar.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Lawns and turf; Endophytes; Stress

 response; Tolerance; Nitrogen; Metabolism; Drought resistance;

 Flooding

 

 

 98                                NAL Call. No.: 275.29 N811NC

 Endophyte-free tall fescue: a "new" plant for dairy cows.

 Mueller, J.P.

 Raleigh, N.C. : North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service; 1991

 Jan. North Carolina dairy extension newsletter. p. 5-7; 1991 Jan.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: North Carolina; Festuca; Grazing; Forage;

 Cultivars; Dairy cattle; Endophytes; Testing; Yields

 

 

 99                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

 Energy and protected protein supplements to lambs on

 endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture.

 Daura, M.T.; Reid, R.L.

 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1991

 Jan. Journal of animal science v. 69 (1): p. 358-368; 1991

 Jan.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: West Virginia; Lambs; Festuca arundinacea;

 Nutrient content; Grazing; Feed supplements; Nitrogen

 metabolism; Liveweight gain; Carcass composition; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Nitrogen fertilizers

 

 

 100                                 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71

 Epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi of oaks and pines in forests and on

 surface mines of western Maryland.

 Beckjord, P.R.; Melhuish, J.L. Jr; Crews, J.T.; Farr, D.F.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990.

 Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service v. 41 (1): p. 15-23; 1990.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Maryland; Quercus; Pinus; Ectomycorrhizas; Fungi;

 Forests; Mining; Afforestation

 

 

 101                                     NAL Call. No.: QK1.S69

 Establishment of guayule plants in a limed bark medium at low

 phosphate levels.

 Vietti, A.J.; Van Staden, J.; Smith, M.T.

 Pretoria, S. Africa : Bureau for Scientific Publications; 1990 Apr.

 South African journal of botany : official journal of the South

 African Association of Botanists; Suid-Afrikaanse

 tydskrif vir plantkunde : amptelike tydskrif van die Suid-

 Afrikaanse Genootskap van Plantkundiges v. 56 (2): p. 145-149; 1990

 Apr.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Parthenium argentatum; Seedlings; Bark compost; Crop

 establishment; Glomus intraradices; Liming; Pine bark; Rock

 phosphate; Soil inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas

 

 

 102                                    NAL Call. No.: QR1.M562

 Evaluation and first-year field testing of efficient vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for inoculation of wetland rice

 seedlings. Secilia, J.; Bagyaraj, D.J.

 Oxford, OX, UK : Published by Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in

 association with UNESCO and in collaboration with the International

 Union of Microbiological Societies, c1990-; 1994 Jul.

 World journal of microbiology & biotechnology v. 10 (4): p.

 381-384; 1994 Jul.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oryza sativa; Flooded rice; Seedlings; Glomus

 fasciculatum; Glomus intraradices; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Superphosphates; Crop yield

 

 

 103                                  NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68

 Evaluation of low-endophyte tall fescue for cool-season forage in

 the lower South.

 Gates, R.N.; Wyatt, W.E.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 Jul.

 Journal of production agriculture v. 2 (3): p. 241-245; 1989 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Lolium multiflorum;

 Cultivars; Endophytes; Annual field crops; Perennials; Forage;

 Grazing trials; Dry matter accumulation; Stocking rate;

 Steers; Beef production; Production costs; Weight gain

 

 

 104                                    NAL Call. No.: 100 T25F

 Extending loblolly and Virginia pine planting seasons on strip mine

 spoils in east Tennessee.

 Mullins, J.; Buckner, E.; Evans, R.; Moditz, P.

 Knoxville, Tenn. : The Station; 1989.

 Tennessee farm and home science : progress report - Tennessee

 Agricultural Experiment Station (151): p. 24-27. ill; 1989. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Tennessee; Pinus taeda; Pinus Virginiana;

 Planting season; Strip mine land; Land reclamation; Planting stock;

 Survival; Storage; Inoculation; Mycorrhizal fungi

 

 105                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Factors affecting appressorium development in the vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerd.

 & Trappe. Giovannetti, M.; Avio, L.; Sbrana, C.;

 Citernesi, A.S.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1993 Jan.

 The New phytologist v. 123 (1): p. 115-122; 1993 Jan. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lupinus albus; Medicago sativa; Pisum sativum; Glomus;

 Glomus mosseae; Appressoria; Cell differentiation;

 Plant extracts; Roots; Hyphae; Growth; Thigmotropism;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas

 

 

 106                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48

 Factors affecting ectomycorrhizae and forest regeneration

 following disturbance in the Pacific Northwest.

 Amaranthus, M.P.

 Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1991 Aug.

 General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (280): p.

 205-208; 1991 Aug.  Proceedings of a meeting on "Management and

 Productivity of Western Montane Forest Soils," April

 10-12, 1990, Boise, Idaho.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Artificial regeneration; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Climatic factors

 

 

 107                                 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Field performance of Alnus cordata Loisel (Italian alder)

 inoculated with Frankia and VA-mycorrhizal strains in mine-

 spoil afforestation plots. Lumini, E.; Bosco, M.; Puppi, G.; Isopi,

 R.; Frattegiani, M.; Buresti, E.; Favilli, F.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1994 May.

 Soil biology & biochemistry v. 26 (5): p. 659-661; 1994 May.  In

 the special issue: Frankia and actinorhizal plants / edited by S.L.

 Harris and W.B. Silvester. Proceedings from the ninth international

 conference, April 4-7, 1993, Ohakune, New

 Zealand.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Alnus cordata; Seedlings; Frankia; Glomus

 mosseae; Glomus fasciculatum; Seed inoculation; Transplanting;

 Mined land; Mine spoil; Reclamation; Afforestation;

 Revegetation; Performance

 

 

 108                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Field performance of black spruce and jack pine inoculated

 with selected species of ectomycorrhizal fungi.

 Browning, M.H.R.; Whitney, R.D.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Dec.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de

 recherche forestiere v. 22 (12): p. 1974-1982; 1992 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Picea mariana; Pinus banksiana; Seedlings;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Soil inoculation; Laccaria; Hebeloma

 cylindrosporum; Pisolithus tinctorius; Rhizopogon;

 Transplanting; Site factors; Stony soils; Loam soils; Peat

 soils; Sandy soils; Plant nutrition; Nutrient content; Growth;

 Afforestation

 

 Abstract:  Seedlings of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.)

 and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) were inoculated with

 fragmented hyphae of one of five species of

 ectomycorrhizal fungi and outplanted on reforestation sites after

 14 weeks of growth in the nursery. Black spruce were

 planted on a peatland site and a stony loam site; jack pine were

 planted on the same stony loam site and on a sandy site.

 Inoculation of both species with Laccaria proxima (Boud.)

 Maire resulted in significantly better shoot growth compared with

 uninoculated seedlings over a 2-year period on all sites. Hebeloma

 cylindrosporum Romagn. improved the height growth of black spruce

 on the peatland site and of jack pine on the

 stony loam site after 2 years. Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton also

 improved the height growth of jack pine on the stony loam after 2

 years. Black spruce inoculated with L. bicolor were significantly

 smaller than uninoculated seedlings. Size

 differences present in black spruce at outplanting persisted for

 two growing seasons, whereas initial size did not predict the field

 performance of jack pine. Inoculation of black

 spruce with L. proxima resulted in higher foliar

 concentrations of K and Zn compared with uninoculated

 seedlings on the peatland site. Foliar concentrations of N, P, K,

 and Zn in jack pine inoculated with L. proxima were

 significantly higher than those of uninoculated seedlings at the

 stony loam site. All inoculated fungi (except Pisolithus tinctorius

 (Pers.) Coker & Couch, which did not form

 mycorrhizae) remained on the root systems for two growing

 seasons, but their presence declined sharply in the 2nd year.

 Laccaria bicolor was the most persistent mycobiont on root

 systems of both tree species. Colonization of black spruce by

 indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungi was faster on the stony loam site

 than on the peatland site. The diversity of wild

 ectomycorrhizae on the planted seedlings was higher on both the

 peatland and sand sites than on the stony loam site.

 

 

 109                                  NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F7632

 Field performance of ponderosa, scots, and austrian pines with

 Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhizae in prairie soils.

 Riffle, J.W.

 Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1989 Dec.

 Forest science v. 35 (4): p. 935-945; 1989 Dec.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nebraska; Kansas; Pinus ponderosa; Pinus

 sylvestris; Pinus nigra; Seedlings; Inoculation; Pisolithus

 tinctorius; Ectomycorrhizae; Prairie soils; Survival; Growth

 

 Abstract:  Pinus ponderosa, P. sylvestris, and P. nigra

 seedlings, with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) ectomycorrhizae

 formed with standard or industrially produced pure culture

 inoculum, were planted on prairie soils in south-central and

 southeastern Nebraska, or in central Kansas. Survival and

 growth of the seedlings were evaluated annually over a 5-year

 period. Seedlings also were examined for presence of Pt and

 naturally occurring ectomycorrhizae. Pt remained viable on

 inoculated trees in each of three plantings during the 5-year

 period, but ectomycorrhizae formed with this symbiont did not

 improve survival and growth of the three pine species when

 compared to noninoculated control trees that had become

 ectomycorrhizal with naturally occurring symbionts. Factors (high

 soil pH and other fungi) contributing to the lack of

 growth response under field conditions for trees with Pt

 ectomycorrhizae are discussed.

 

 

 110                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Field response of maize to a VAM fungus and water management.

 Sylvia, D.M.; Hammond, L.C.; Bennett, J.M.; Haas, J.H.; Linda, S.B.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-;

 1993 Mar. Agronomy journal v. 85 (2): p. 193-198; 1993 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Florida; Cabt; Zea mays; Glomus etunicatum; Root

 inoculation; Soil water regimes; Growth; Crop yield;

 Phenology; Nutrient content; Biomass production

 

 Abstract:  Mycorrhizae improve plant nutrient uptake and are known

 to affect the water relations of plants grown in growth chambers

 and greenhouses. This paper summarizes a 3-yr field study that

 tested the effects of mycorrhizae and water

 management on the growth and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.). In

 each year, two inoculation treatments (inoculated or not with

 Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdemann) and three

 water-management treatments (fully irrigated, moderate stress, and

 severe stress) were applied to fumigated and fertilized Millhopper

 fine sand (loamy, siliceous, hyperthermic

 Grossarenic Paleudult). Inoculum was placed in a furrow 10 cm deep

 at an average rate of 1500 propagules per meter of row. Six to 7 wk

 after planting, colonization ranged from 0 to 6% of total root

 length on noninoculated plants and from 10 to 61% on inoculated

 plants. Twelve to 13 wk after planting,

 colonization ranged from 2 to 30% on noninoculated plants and from

 21 to 56% on inoculated plants. Water stress had little effect on

 root colonization. By 52 d after planting, one more leaf had

 appeared and one additional leaf had formed a collar on inoculated

 plants. Inoculation increased the concentrations of P and Cu in

 both shoots and grain on all measurement dates. Overall, grain

 yields (0.306) and total above-ground biomass yields (0.458 Mg ha-1

 cm-1 of water) increased linearly with irrigation. A positive

 response to mycorrhizal inoculation was constant across irrigation

 levels (0.802 for grain and 1.170 Mg ha-1 for biomass). Therefore,

 the proportional response of maize to inoculation with G.

 etunicatum increased with

 increasing drought stress.

 

 

 111                                   NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Field survival of containerized red and jack pine seedlings

 inoculated with mycelial slurries of ectomycorrhizal fungi.

 Richter, D.L.; Bruhn, J.N.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Sep.

 New forests v. 3 (3): p. 247-258; 1989 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Michigan; Pinus resinosa; Pinus banksiana;

 Seedlings; Container grown plants; Laccaria; Mycorrhizal

 fungi; Immunization; Survival; Forest plantations

 

 

 112                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Fitting plants to soil through mycorrhizal fungi: mycorrhiza

 effects on plant growth and soil organic matter.

 Quintero-Ramos, M.; Espinoza-Victoria, D.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R.;

 Bethlenfalvay, G.J.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1993 Feb.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 15 (2): p. 103-106; 1993

 Feb.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Helianthus annuus; Zea mays; Cultivars; Hybrids;

 Glomus; Glomus etunicatum; Glomus mosseae; Nitrogen; Plant

 nutrition; Phosphorus; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil

 organic matter

 

 

 113                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 M99 The

 foliar fungal endophytes of the Amazonian palm Euterpe

 oleracea. Rodrigues, K.F.

 Bronx : New York Botanical Garden, 1909-; 1994 May.

 Mycologia v. 86 (3): p. 376-385; 1994 May.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Brazil; Cabt; Euterpe oleracea; Leaves; Fungi; Flora;

 Endophytes; Growth stages; Seasonal variation; Leaf

 age; Plant ecology; Checklists; Taxonomy; Geographical

 distribution

 

 

 114                                  NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68

 Forage systems for beef cattle: calf and backgrounded steer

 performance. Tucker, C.A.; Morrow, R.E.; Gerrish, J.R.;

 Nelson, C.J.; Garner, G.B.; Jacobs, V.E.; Hires, W.G.;

 Shinkle, J.J.; Forwood, J.R.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 Jul.

 Journal of production agriculture v. 2 (3): p. 208-213; 1989 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Missouri; Beef cows; Steers; Calves; Young

 animals; Fodder crops; Forage crops; Endophytes; Nitrogen

 fertilizers; Creep grazing; Liveweight gains; Fattening

 performance; Seasonal growth; Stocking rate

 

 

 115                                    NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9

 Fungal biomass in the mycorrhizae in relation to sporophore yield

 in fertilized and an unfertilized (Pinus taeda) stand. Markkola,

 A.M.; Cibula, W.G.; Vare, H.

 Philadelphia, Pa. : Balaban Publishers; 1990.

 Symbiosis v. 9 (1/3): p. 93-96; 1990.  Paper presented at the

 "International Conference on the Mechanisms of the

 Relationship Between

 Soil-Plant-Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere," Sept 28-29,

 1989, Montpellier, France.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mississippi; Pinus taeda; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Roots; Glucosamine; Plant organs; Fungal spores; Biomass

 production; Npk fertilizers

 

 

 116                                   NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883

 Genetic variation and relationship of quality traits between

 herbage and seed of tall fescue.

 Pavetti, D.R.; Sleper, D.A.; Roberts, C.A.; Krause, G.F.

 Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America, 1961-; 1994 Mar.

 Crop science v. 34 (2): p. 427-431; 1994 Mar.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Plant breeding; Genetic

 variation; Crop quality; Forage; Herbage; In vitro

 digestibility; Nutritive value; Fiber content; Hemicelluloses; Crop

 yield; Heritability; Seed characteristics; Indirect

 selection; Selection responses

 

 Abstract:  Information is lacking on inheritance of in vitro dry

 matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber

 (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and hemicellulose (HEM) of tall

 fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) seed and their

 relationship to these quality traits in herbage. If a dose

 relationship were found between seed and herbage quality,

 indirect selection for improved herbage quality would be

 effective. Objectives of this study were to evaluate genetic

 variation for these quality traits and yield of herbage and seed

 and to examine association of these quality parameters between seed

 and herbage. Twenty-three endophyte-free parents were randomly

 chosen from a genetically broad-based

 population, and their respective half-sib families were

 generated. Herbage and seed samples were analyzed for quality

 parameters using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy.

 Significant (P < 0.01) variation was observed in herbage for all

 traits in the summer (immediately after seed harvest) and the fall

 for parents. There was no significant variation for IVDMD of

 herbage in summer or fall or for NDF and ADF in the summer for

 half-sib families. For seed, all traits had highly significant

 variation. Narrow-sense heritabilities for herbage ranged from 0%

 for IVDMD, NDF, and yield in the summer to 71% for HEM in the

 summer. Narrow-sense heritability of IVDMD for seed was 78%.

 Heritabilities from herbage estimated by

 genotypic regressions were higher, ranging from 26% for IVDMD in

 the summer to 80% for NDF. Seed traits had a similar

 relationship, with genotypic regression heritabilities ranging from

 62% for IVDMD to 86% for NDF. Correlation coefficients of quality

 traits between herbage and seed were low. Data

 indicated that indirect selection for improved forage quality via

 the seed is not useful. Selection for herbage quality

 directly would also be difficult because gains from selection were

 low.

 

 

 117                           NAL Call. No.: KyUThesis 1991 An

 Glomales mycorrhizal community associated with soybean as

 influenced by crop rotation and soil fumigation.

 An, Zhi-qiang,

 1991; 1991.

 vii, 108 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.  Includes vita and abstract. 

 Includes bibliographical references (l. 98-107).

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Soybean; Crop rotation; Mycorrhizas

 

 

 118                                    NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3

 Grain sorghum-soybean rotation and fertilization influence on

 vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

 Ellis, J.R.; Roder, W.; Mason, S.C.

 Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 May.

 Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (3): p. 789-794; 1992

 May. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nebraska; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas;

 Glycine max; Sorghum bicolor; Rotations; Continuous cropping;

 Colonization; Roots; Growth; Ammonium nitrate; Cattle manure

 

 Abstract:  Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) can reduce

 plant stress resulting from nutrient deficiencies,

 drought, and other factors. The objective of this work was to

 measure the effect of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and

 grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] rotation and

 fertilization on plant response and VAMF root colonization and

 diversity, and relate effects to soil environment. Fertilizer

 treatments consisted of no fertilizer, N, and manure. Rooting

 densities correlated with previous crop, VAMF colonization, and

 soil NO3. Root colonization by VAMF was affected by

 previous crop, rooting density, N fertilization, soil P, and water-

 filled pore space. Root colonization by VAMF ranged from 93% at 15

 cm to 15% at the 120-cm soil depth. Root density and VAMF

 colonization were least when soybean was grown the

 previous year and manure was applied. Root colonization by

 VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 54, 53, and 30%,

 respectively, for continuous soybean and 61, 55, and 44%,

 respectively, for soybean from rotation plots. Root

 colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments

 were 69, 59, and 54%, respectively, for continuous grain

 sorghum and 56, 48, and 31%, respectively, for grain sorghum from

 rotation plots. These agricultural soils contained a

 diverse mixture of 26 VAMF species, which is probably a major

 factor in the region's soil productivity. Plants stressed due to

 cropping system or fertilizer practice have greater VAMF

 colonization and VAMF activity. A diverse VAMF population

 could increase the ability of VAMF to respond to different

 stresses.

 

 

 119                                   NAL Call. No.: SF951.E62

 Grass management and anlaysis.

 Hintz, H.F.

 Santa Barbara, Calif. : Veterinary Practice Publishing

 Company; 1990 Nov. Equine practice v. 12 (10): p. 5-6; 1990 Nov. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Grasses; Endophytes; Spectroscopy; Nutrient

 uptake; Grassland management

 

 120                                 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71

 Growth and colonization of western redcedar by vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizae in fumigated and nonfumigated nursery beds.

 Berch, S.M.; Deom, E.; Willngdon, T.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1991.

 Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service v. 42 (4): p. 14-16; 1991.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Thuja plicata; Forest nurseries; Bare rooted

 stock; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Seedlings; Soil

 fumigation; Methyl bromide; Growth; Colonizing ability

 

 

 121                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Growth and ectomycorrhiza formation of container-grown red oak

 seedlings as a function of nitrogen fertilization and inoculum type

 of Laccaria bicolor. Gagnon, J.; Langlois, C.G.; Garbaye, J.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Jul.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 21 (7): p. 966-973; 1991 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Quercus rubra; Seedlings; Container grown plants;

 Laccaria; Inoculation methods; Mycelium; Ammonium sulfate;

 Application rates; Shoots; Roots; Nutrient content

 

 Abstract:  Containerized red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings were

 inoculated at the time of sowing with Laccaria bicolor (Maire)

 Orton using two methods to compare the efficiency of two inoculum

 types: a mycelial suspension (Ecto-sol101)

 produced by Rhizotec Laboratories Inc. and calcium alginate beads

 containing this mycelial suspension. Red oak seedlings were also

 grown for 19 weeks in a peat moss - vermiculite

 substrate under three levels of N fertilization (100, 120, and 140

 mg/seedling per season) to determine the N level that

 maximizes the ectomycorrhizae formation and growth of

 seedlings. After 19 weeks in the greenhouse, seedlings

 inoculated with liquid inoculum had significantly more

 mycorrhizae than both those inoculated with beads and

 controls, regardless of the N level. For any of the N levels,

 liquid-inoculated seedlings had significantly lower shoot

 height, root-collar diameter, and dry weights (shoot, root, and

 total) than both those inoculated with beads and the

 controls, whereas there were no significant differences for any

 growth parameters between the bead and control treatments. For the

 three inoculum treatments, root and total dry weights of seedlings

 fertilized with 100 mg N were significantly lower than those of

 seedlings that received both 120 and 140 mg N, whereas shoot

 height, root-collar diameter, and shoot:root

 ratio of seedlings did not differ significantly between any of the

 three N levels. After 19 weeks, seedlings inoculated with liquid

 inoculum had significantly greater N and P

 concentrations (%) and contents (mg/seedling) than those

 inoculated with beads only at the 140 mg N level. Analyses

 show that seedling concentrations of 1.2% N and 0.1% P and

 substrate fertility of 25 ppm N and 30 ppm P would be

 appropriate to maintain the ectomycorrhizal association Q.

 rubra - L. bicolor.

 

 

 122                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Growth and nutrition of combinations of native and introduced

 plants and mycorrhizal fungi in a semiarid range.

 Trent, J.D.; Svejcar, A.J.; Bethlenfalvay, G.J.

 Amsterdam; New York : Elsevier, 1983-; 1993 May.

 Agriculture, ecosystems & environment v. 45 (1/2): p. 13-23; 1993

 May. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Oryzopsis

 hymenoides; Agropyron desertorum; Seed inoculation;

 Transplanting; Symbiosis; Roots; Plant nutrition; Growth

 

 

 123                                 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Growth and nutrition of nodulated mycorrhizal and non-

 mycorrhizal Hedysarum coronarium as a result of treatment with

 fractions from a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.

 Azcon, R.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1993 Aug.

 Soil biology & biochemistry v. 25 (8): p. 1037-1042; 1993 Aug. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Hedysarum coronarium; Glomus mosseae; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil bacteria; Rhizosphere;

 Metabolites; Growth; Nutrient uptake; Inoculation methods;

 Timing

 

 Abstract:  The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the

 effect of components from a plant growth-promoting

 rhizobacterium (PGPR) or phytohormones on the growth and

 nutrient assimilation of a legume with N2-fixing Rhizobium. Half of

 these plants were inoculated with the vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi Glomus mosseae. Hedysarum

 coronarium VAM and non-VAM plants at either 1 day, 15 days or both

 (1 plus 15) times were treated with components from the PGPR

 culture: (1) washed cells; (2) culture filtrate; (3)

 complete bacterial culture; or (4) a mixture of phytohormones.

 Results show that components from the PGPR culture behaved

 similarly in increasing growth in non-mycorrhizal plants

 irrespective of time of treatment. In mycorrhizal plants, the

 single addition of washed cells or bacterial culture at 15

 days was significantly less effective than repeated

 applications. However, phytohormones were better when supplied on

 young mycorrhizal plants at 15 days after sowing. However, maximum

 growth and nutrient uptake was reached in mycorrhizal plants

 supplied with PGPR culture filtrate in repeated

 treatments. A specific interaction between the tripartite

 plant-Rhizobium VAM symbiosis and the PGPR components can be

 inferred depending on time of application of bacterial

 fraction.

 

 

 124                                   NAL Call. No.: QK475.T74

 Growth and nutrition of nonmycorrhizal and mycorrhizal pitch pine

 (Pinus rigida) seedlings under phosphorus limitation.

 Cumming, J.R.

 Victoria [B.C.] Canada : Heron Pub.,; 1993 Sep.

 Tree physiology v. 13 (2): p. 173-187; 1993 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus pinea; Growth; Plant nutrition; Phosphorus

 

 Abstract:  The association of ectomycorrhizal fungi with tree roots

 enhances the acquisition of phosphorus (P) from the

 soil. In addition to increasing the uptake of H2PO4- (Pi),

 mycorrhizal fungi may increase the spectrum of P sources

 utilized by tree roots by mediating the dissolution of

 insoluble metallophosphate salts or the hydrolysis of organic P

 compounds. To investigate the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in

 enhancing P acquisition by tree roots, pitch pine (Pinus rigida

 Mill.) seedlings were grown in sand culture with or

 without the ectomycorrhizal symbiont Pisolithus tinctorius

 Coker and Couch under various conditions of P limitation.

 Compared with nonmycorrhizal seedlings, seedlings inoculated with

 P. tinctorius exhibited a greater capacity to function under P

 limitation as evidenced by superior growth and the

 maintenance of normal foliar ion composition at low Pi

 concentrations. Nonmycorrhizal seedlings subjected to P-

 limiting conditions exhibited depressed K and P and elevated Na

 concentrations in foliage. The association of P. tinctorius with

 pitch pine seedling roots maintained foliar K

 concentrations and prevented the accumulation of Na under P

 limitation. Nonmycorrhizal seedlings were unable to obtain P from

 either solid AlPO4 or inositol hexaphosphate (IHP),

 whereas seedlings inoculated with P. tinctorius utilized

 AlPO4, but not IHP as a P source. Root surface acid

 phosphatase (APase) activity was depressed in roots infected with

 the mycorrhizal symbiont and was negatively correlated with

 seedling growth on all P sources. Root APase activity was

 negatively correlated with foliar P concentrations in

 seedlings grown on Pi, but was not correlated with foliar P

 concentrations in seedlings cultured with AlPO4 or IHP.

 

 

 125                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Growth and survival of shoots, roots, and mycorrhizal mycelium in

 clonal Sitka spruce during the first growing season after planting.

 Coutts, M.P.; Nicoll, B.C.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 Jul.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 20 (7): p. 861-868. ill; 1990 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Picea sitchensis; Clones; Cuttings; Growth;

 Shoots; Roots; Mycelium; Mycorrhizal fungi; Thelephora

 terrestris; Laccaria

 

 

 126                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 P692

 Growth enhancement and developmental modifications of in vitro

 grown potato (Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum) as affected by a

 nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp.

 Frommel, M.I.; Nowak, J.; Lazarovits, G.

 Rockville, Md. : American Society of Plant Physiologists; 1991 Jul.

 Plant physiology v. 96 (3): p. 928-936; 1991 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Pseudomonas fluorescens;

 Growth promoters; Plant development; Symbiosis; Tissue

 culture; Plant anatomy; Stems

 

 Abstract:  A plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, designated Ps

 JN and isolated from onion roots, was identified as a

 nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. The percentage of similarity of Ps

 JN to P. gladioli (NCPPB 1891), P. cichorii (NCPPB 943), and P.

 viridiflava (NCPPB 635), as determined from 135

 biochemical and physiological tests was 77, 70, and 66%,

 respectively. Ps JN persisted through successive generations of in

 vitro cultured potato plantlets, both as endophytic and epiphytic

 populations. In vitro inoculated potato (Solanum

 tuberosum) nodal explants produced plantlets with significant

 increases in root number (24-196%), root dry weight (44-201%),

 haulm dry weight (14-151%), and stem length (26-28%) as

 compared with noninoculated control plants. Bacterization also

 enhanced leaf hair formation (55-110%), secondary root

 branching, and total plant lignin content (43%). Other root

 colonizing bacteria or heat-killed cells of Ps JN had no

 significant effect on plant growth. Detached leaves from in vitro

 grown control plants, when exposed to 19 degrees C and 50% relative

 humidity, lost 55% of their moisture content in 2.5 hours. Moisture

 loss by leaves of in vitro grown,

 bacterized plants, as well as greenhouse-acclimated,

 bacterized plants, and control plants, was less than 20%.

 Changes in stomatal closure appear to account for this

 difference.

 

 

 127                                   NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883

 Growth, morphological, and chemical component responses of

 tall fescue to Acremonium coenophialum.

 Hill, N.S.; Stringer, W.C.; Rottinghaus, G.E.; Belesky, D.P.;

 Parrott, W.A.; Pope, D.D.

 Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1990 Jan.

 Crop science v. 30 (1): p. 156-161; 1990 Jan.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium;

 Symbiosis; Genotypes; Phenotypes; Variations; Growth rate;

 Leaf area; Plant morphology; Chemical constituents of plants;

 Carbohydrates; Crop yield; Forage; Herbage

 

 Abstract:  A symbiotic relationship exists between the

 endophytic fungus, Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams

 and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The

 response of the host plant to the endophyte has been studied by

 comparing infected or noninfected populations in the field or by an

 individual plant genotype in the greenhouse. The lack of a more

 thorough investigation of tall fescue genotypes with and without

 their endophytes suggests that known responses of tall fescue

 plants to endophyte infection are limited to the restricted

 conditions by which they were tested. The

 objectives of this study were to determine variability in

 responses of tall fescue genotypes to endophyte infection for

 select growth characteristics, plant morphology, and chemical

 components. Five genotypes of tall fescue were grown in both

 endophyte-infected (EI) and noninfected (NI) forms in the

 greenhouse under different clipping treatments. Tiller and dry

 matter production, crown depth, and total nonstructural

 carbohydrates (TNC) were measured. In addition, leaf area per plant

 (LAP), specific leaf weight (SLW), and ergovaline

 production were measured on two diverse plant genotypes.

 Forage yield, tiller number, and TNC varied for EI and NI

 treatments among plant genotypes. Dry matter production per tiller

 was greater and crown depth was approximately 1-cm

 lower in EI plants than NI plants. Leaf area was greater in EI

 plants but SLW was higher in EI Genotype 7 (3.94 vs. 3.65 mg cm-2)

 and lower EI Genotype 17 (4.25 vs. 4.91 mg cm-2)

 compared to their NI forms. Ergovaline production was constant

 regardless of leaf area in Genotype 7, but increased linearly with

 leaf area in Genotype 17. We conclude that endophytes

 increased phenotypic variation in this study and thus may

 increase the ability of mixed EI and NI populations to adapt to

 diverse environments.

 

 

 128                                   NAL Call. No.: QK475.T74

 Growth, nutrition and response to water stress of Pinus

 pinaster inoculated with ten dikaryotic strains of Pisolithus sp.

 Lamhamedi, M.S.; Bernier, P.Y.; Fortin, J.A.

 Victoria, B.C. : Heron Publishing; 1992 Mar.

 Tree physiology v. 10 (2): p. 153-167; 1992 Mar.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus pinaster; Pisolithus; Mycorrhizas; Shoots;

 Growth; Root shoot ratio; Leaf area; Plant nutrition; Water stress;

 Transpiration; Leaf conductance; Stomatal resistance; Xylem water

 potential; Drought; Stress response; Karyotypes; Strain differences

 

 Abstract:  Reconstituted dikaryons of Pisolithus sp. (Pers.) Coker

 & Couch from South Africa influenced growth parameters (shoot

 length, shoot/root ratio and leaf area), nutrition and

 physiological indicators (transpiration rate, stomatal

 conductance and xylem water potential) of maritime pine (Pinus

 pinaster Ait.) seedlings during drought and recovery from

 drought. Seedlings colonized with certain dikaryons were more

 sensitive to water stress and showed less mycorrhiza formation

 under water stress than seedlings colonized with other

 dikaryons. Control (uninoculated) seedlings were significantly

 smaller than those inoculated with dikaryons. Transpiration rate,

 stomatal conductance and xylem water potential varied among

 mycorrhizal treatments during the water stress and

 recovery periods. After rewatering, the controls and seedlings

 inoculated with dikaryon 34 X 20 had a weaker recovery in

 transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and xylem water

 potential than the other treatments and appeared to have

 experienced damage due to the water stress. Concentrations of

 various elements differed in the shoots of Pinus pinaster

 colonized by the various dikaryons. It is suggested that

 breeding of ectomycorrhizal fungi could constitute a new tool for

 improving reforestation success in arid and semi-arid

 zones.

 

 

 129                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 AN7

 Growth of longitudinal strands of Phoradendron juniperinum

 (Viscaceae) in shoots of Juniperus occidentalis.

 Calvin, C.L.; Wilson, C.A.; Varughese, G.

 London : Academic Press; 1991 Feb.

 Annals of botany v. 67 (2): p. 153-161. ill; 1991 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Juniperus occidentalis; Phoradendron

 juniperinum; Shoots; Growth; Infectivity; Endophytes; Plant

 morphology; Plant anatomy

 

 

 130                                    NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Growth of micropropagated lowbush blueberry with defined fungi in

 irradiated peat mix.

 Litten, W.; Smagula, J.M.; Dalpe, Y.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Nov.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 70

 (11): p. 2202-2206; 1992 Nov.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vaccinium angustifolium; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Ascomycotina; Scytalidium; Mycorrhizas; Micropropagation; Soil

 inoculation; Peat; Shoot cuttings; Gamma radiation;

 Sterilizing; Dry matter accumulation; Rooting

 

 

 131                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U57

 Growth of northern red oak seedlings planted in a central

 Missouri clearcut and shelterwood.

 Crunkilton, D.D.; Garrett, H.E.; Pallardy, S.G.

 New Orleans, La. : The Station; 1989.

 General technical report SO - U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station (74): p. 81-85;

 1989.  Paper presented at the Fifth Biennial Southern Silvicultural

 Research Conference, Nov 1-3, 1988, Memphis,

 Tennessee.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Missouri; Quercus rubra; Seedlings; Stand

 establishment; Container grown plants; Inoculation; Pisolithus

 tinctorius; Clearcutting; Shelterwood; Growth; Height;

 Diameter; Photosynthesis; Leaf water potential

 

 

 132                                    NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3

 Growth of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal mycelium through bulk

 soil. Camel, S.B.; Reyes-Solis, M.G.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R.; Franson,

 R.L.; Brown, M.S.; Bethlenfalvay, G.J.

 Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Mar.

 Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (2): p. 389-393; 1991

 Mar. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Glycine max; Zea mays; Glomus mosseae; Growth; Hyphae;

 Mycelium; Plant nutrition; Spore germination;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas

 

 Abstract:  Soil mycelia of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM)

 fungi not only extend the range of plant roots for

 nutrient uptake but also may connect roots, allowing the

 transfer of small amounts of nutrients between plants. A

 greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the range and the

 rate of advance of VAM hyphae in root-free bulk soil.

 Plants were grown in three-part containers with a VAM donor plant

 (soybean, Glycine max [L] Merr.) and an initially non-VAM receiver

 plant (corn, Zea mays L.), separated by a soil bridge delimited on

 both sides by screens (44-micrometer

 openings). The screens permitted passage of the hyphae of the VAM

 fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe between the

 donor and the receiver plants, but retained the roots. The length

 of the soil bridge (3, 6, or 9 cm) and the texture of the soil

 (1:2, 1:1, or 2:1 soil/sand) were varied. The advance of the hyphal

 front was estimated by timing

 colonization in the receiver plants. The rate of advance in the

 soil-sand mixes was 2.3 cm/wk with soil penetration of at least 90

 mm. Spore production was inhibited in the heavier

 soils, and decreased in the soil of receiver plants with

 increasing distance between donor and receiver plant. Growth of the

 receiver plants was increased by early VAM development. Rates of

 hyphal growth may influence competitive relationships in plant

 groupings where mycorrhizal inoculum is sparse.

 

 

 133                                   NAL Call. No.: SF951.J65

 Growth of yearly horses compared to steers on high-and low-

 endophyte infected tall fescue.

 Aiken, G.E.; Bransby, D.I.; McCall, C.A.

 Lake Elsinore, Calif. : William E. Jones, DVM; 1993 Jan.

 Journal of equine veterinary science v. 13 (1): p. 26-28; 1993 Jan. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Alabama; Horses; Cattle; Festuca arundinacea;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Growth rate

 

 

 134                                   NAL Call. No.: QH301.S65

 Growth, respiration, exudation and symbiotic associations: the fate

 of carbon translocated to the roots.

 Lambers, H.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1987.

 Seminar series - Society for Experimental Biology (30): p.

 125-145; 1987.  In the series analytic: Root development and

 function / edited by P.J. Gregory, J.V. Lake, and D.A. Rose. 

 Literature review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Roots; Biosynthesis; Growth; Mycorrhizas;

 Photosynthates; Plant nutrition; Respiration; Root exudates;

 Symbionts; Translocation; Carbon; Literature reviews

 

 135                                     NAL Call. No.: SB1.J66

 Growth response of Podocarpus and Ligustrum to VA mycorrhizae and

 fertilizer rate.

 Yeager, T.H.; Johnson, C.R.; Schenck, N.C.

 Washington, D.C. : Horticultural Research Institute; 1990 Sep.

 Journal of environmental horticulture v. 8 (3): p. 128-132; 1990

 Sep. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ligustrum japonicum; Podocarpus macrophyllus;

 Container grown plants; Glomus intraradices; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Npk fertilizers; Application rates; Growth

 rate; Dry matter accumulation; Fertilizer requirement determination

 

 

 136                                   NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39

 Herbicides for killing tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea)

 infected with fescue endophtye (Acremonium coenophialum).

 Smith, A.E.

 Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1989 Jul.

 Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of

 America v. 3 (3): p. 485-489; 1989 Jul.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes;

 Acremonium; Pastures; Sward renovation; Herbicide application;

 Dalapon; Fluazifop; Glufosinate; Glyphosate; Paraquat;

 Sethoxydim; Simazine; Phytotoxicity; Application date; Autumn;

 Spring

 

 

 137                                    NAL Call. No.: QR1.M562 Host

 genotype dependency and growth enhancing ability of VA-mycorrhizal

 fungi for Eleusine coracana (finger millet).

 Tewari, L.; Johri, B.N.; Tandon, S.M.

 Oxford, OX, UK : Published by Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in

 association with UNESCO and in collaboration with the International

 Union of Microbiological Societies, c1990-; 1993 Mar.

 World journal of microbiology & biotechnology v. 9 (2): p.

 191-195; 1993 Mar. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Eleusine coracana; Genotypes; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Root inoculation; Biomass production; Plant

 height; Leaf area; Growth rate

 

 

 138                                   NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82

 Hydrogel bead inocula for the production of ectomycorrhizal

 eucalypts for plantations.

 Kuek, C.; Tommerup, I.C.; Malajczuk, N.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Apr.

 Mycological research v. 96 (pt.4): p. 273-277; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Eucalyptus diversicolor; Eucalyptus globulus;

 Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Laccaria laccata; Pisolithus

 tinctorius; Hebeloma; Basidiomycetes; Ectomycorrhizas;

 Inoculum; Encapsulation; Infectivity; Mycelium; Symbiosis;

 Ultrastructure

 

 

 139                                  NAL Call. No.: SD14.C26P3

 Identification, management, and application of ectomycorrhizal

 fungi in forest tree nurseries.

 Cornell, C.E.; Omdal, D.W.; Marx, D.H.

 Victoria : The Centre; 1991.

 Information report BC-X - Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific

 Forestry Centre (331): p. 143-155; 1991.  Proceedings of the first

 meeting of IUFRO Working Party S2.07-09 (Diseases and Insects in

 Forest Nurseries), held August 23-30, 1990,

 Victoria British Columbia.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Forest nurseries; Forest trees; Ectomycorrhizas;

 Identification; Soil inoculation; Bare rooted stock; Container

 grown plants

 

 

 140                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42

 Impact of fire on the microbial processes in pinyon-juniper

 woodlands: management implications.

 Klopatek, C.C.; DeBano, L.F.; Klopatek, J.M.

 Fort Collins, Colo. : The Station; 1990 May.

 General technical report RM - Rocky Mountain Forest and Range

 Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service (191): p. 197-205; 1990 May.  Paper presented at a

 symposium on "Effects of Fire Management of Southwestern

 Natural Resources," Nov 15-17, 1988, Tucson, Arizona. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Prescribed burning; Wildfires; Pinyon-juniper;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Fire effects; Soil water; Soil

 temperature

 

 

 141                              NAL Call. No.: SB193.F67 1983

 Implementing a program for verification of an acceptable level of

 endophyte infection in tall fescue seed.

 Hardison, J.R.

 Corvallis, Or. : Oregon State University Extension Service; 1983.

 Proceedings, Forage & Turfgrass Endophyte Workshop : May 3-4, 1983,

 Nendel's Inn, Corvallis, Oregon. p. 91-92; 1983.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Kentucky; Festuca arundinacea; Epichloe

 typhina; Seedborne fungi; Seed testing; Enzyme linked

 immunosorbent assay; Research projects

 

 

 142                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Importance of Acremonium endophytes in turfgrass breeding and

 management. Funk, C.R.; White, R.H.; Breen, J.P.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1993 Mar.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 44 (1/4): p.

 215-235; 1993 Mar.  In the special issue: Acremonium/grass

 interactions / edited by R. Joost and S. Quisenberry.

 Proceedings of the international symposium on Acremonium/Grass

 Interactions, held November 5-7, 1990, New Orleans, Louisiana. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Acremonium; Endophytes; Plant breeding;

 Resistance; Lolium perenne; Festuca arundinacea; Festuca

 longifolia; Poa pratensis; Festuca glauca; Establishment; Pest

 management

 

 

 143                                    NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9 In

 vitro enhancement of spore germination and early hyphal

 growth of a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus by host root

 exudates and plant flavonoids.

 Gianinazzi-Pearson, V.; Branzanti, B.; Gianinazzi, S.

 Philadelphia, Pa. : Balaban Publishers; 1989.

 Symbiosis v. 7 (3): p. 243-255; 1989.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Spore

 germination; Root exudates; Flavonoids; Symbiosis; Gigaspora

 margarita; Trifolium pratense; Lupinus albus

 

 

 144                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Infection of containerized jack pine and black spruce by

 Laccaria species and Thelephora terrestris and seedling

 survival and growth after outplanting. Browning, M.H.R.;

 Whitney, R.D.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1993 Feb.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de

 recherche forestiere v. 23 (2): p. 330-333; 1993 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus banksiana; Picea mariana; Container grown

 plants; Laccaria; Thelephora terrestris; Seedlings;

 Transplanting; Survival; Growth; Ectomycorrhizas

 

 Abstract:  The standard container (Japanese paperpot) and soil mix

 used in Ontario did not prevent abundant (60 to 70% of

 short roots) ectomycorrhizal development by Laccaria proxima

 Boudier or Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton after inoculations on

 jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and black spruce (Picea mariana

 Mill.) B.S.P.) seedlings. Naturally occurring

 Thelephora terrestris Ehrh.:Fr., which caused similar

 proportions of short roots to become ectomycorrhizal on

 uninoculated control seedlings of both tree species, was

 apparently prevented from forming ectomycorrhizae on seedlings

 originally inoculated with L. bicolor and to a lesser extent on

 those inoculated with L. proxima. Although it could not be proven

 statistically, it appeared that L. proxima mycorrhizae enhanced the

 drought tolerance of jack pine seedlings to a

 greater extent than either T terrestris or L. bicolor.

 

 

 145                                   NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883

 Infection of somatic embryos of tall fescue with Acremonium

 coenophialum. Kearney J.F.; Parrott, W.A.; Hill, N.S.

 Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1991 Jul.

 Crop science v. 31 (4): p. 979-984; 1991 Jul.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Clones; Genotypes; Plant

 embryos; In vitro; Infection; Acremonium coenophialum; Callus;

 Tissue culture; Explants; Culture media; Growth stages;

 Somatic embryogenesis

 

 Abstract:  The availability of a tall fescue (Festuca

 arundinacea Schreb.) clone whose members are infected with

 different strains of its endophytic fungus, Acremonium

 coenophialum Morgan-Jones & Gams, would help identify the

 individual contributions of the endophyte and tall fescue

 toward traits normally associated with endophyte-infected tall

 fescue plants. As embryos and very young seedlings are the

 only stages of the life cycle during which infection by the

 endophyte naturally occurs in planta, attempts were made to

 duplicate this phenomenon in vitro. Callus cultures of tall fescue

 were induced using leaf basal tissue as the explant

 source, and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with

 the synthetic auxins 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid],

 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], or

 picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid). Two tall

 fescue genotypes were exposed to four concentrations (15, 30, 45,

 or 60 micromole of each auxin. Calli were transferred to hormone-

 free basal medium to permit the development of somatic embryos.

 Elongating shoots were counted to determine the

 effectiveness of each treatment and transferred to fresh

 medium to permit their development into plants. The most

 effective and consistent auxin concentration to stimulate

 somatic embryogenesis was 2,4-D at 30 micromole, producing

 almost 14 embryos per callus. Next, 60 explants of one fescue

 genotype were placed on MS medium supplemented with 30

 micromole 2,4-D. Two isolates of the endophytic fungus were used to

 infect the explants and developing calli by

 inoculating at weekly intervals. The highest infection rate was

 obtained by inoculating somatic embryos with the fungus at the time

 the callus was transferred to hormone-free medium, the stage st

 which somatic embryos begin to elongate and

 germinate. This stage corresponds with the stage at which

 infection is thought to occur in planta.

 

 

 146                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Influence of a plant growth-promoting pseudomonad and

 vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on alfalfa and

 birdsfoot trefoil growth and nodulation. Staley, T.E.;

 Lawrence, E.G.; Nance, E.L.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1992.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 14 (3): p. 175-180; 1992. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Medicago sativa; Lotus corniculatus; Seedlings;

 Growth; Nodulation; Soil inoculation; Pseudomonas putida;

 Glomus intraradices; Synergism; Symbiosis; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Acid soils; Rhizobium; Rhizobium

 meliloti

 

 

 147                                   NAL Call. No.: 421 EN895

 Influence of endophyte infection, plant age and harvest

 interval on Rhopalosiphum padi survival and its relation to

 quantity of N-formyl and N-acetyl loline in tall fescue.

 Eichenseer, H.; Dahlman, D.L.; Bush, L.P.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991 Jul.

 Entomologia experimentalis et applicata v. 60 (1): p. 29-38; 1991

 Jul. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Kentucky; Rhopalosiphum padi; Survival; Cultural

 control; Insect control; Festuca arundinacea; Age; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Fungal diseases; Harvesting frequency; Leaves;

 Senescence; Pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Pest resistance

 

 

 148                                   NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67

 Influence of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and

 Glomus claroideum on seed yield of soybean under greenhouse and

 field conditions. Vejsadova, H.; Siblikova, D.; Gryndler, M.;

 Simon, T.; Miksik, I. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker;

 1993.

 Journal of plant nutrition v. 16 (4): p. 619-629; 1993. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Glycine max; Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Glomus;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Seed inoculation; Soil

 inoculation; Crop yield; Seeds; Nodulation; Nitrogen fixation;

 Mineral uptake; Nutrient uptake; Biomass production;

 Greenhouse culture; Field experimentation

 

 Abstract:  Soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr., cv.

 Polanka], inoculated with the VAM fungus Glomus claroideum

 Schenck and Smith and Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain D344, were

 grown in pots and in the field. The VAM fungus positively

 influenced N2 fixation, nodulation and N, P, K, and Mg

 concentrations in the leaves. In pots, (at green pods

 formation) VAM inoculated plants produced a 24% greater

 biomass as compared with non-inoculated plants colonized by native

 VAM populations. Under field conditions characterized by a high

 level of P and N, the seed yield of VAM inoculated plants increased

 in comparison with non- and only rhizobia-

 inoculated soybean (+28% and 17%, respectively). Glomus

 claroideum was capable of competing with the native VAM

 populations both in the greenhouse and in the field

 experiment.

 

 

 149                                    NAL Call. No.: S590.C63

 Influence of inorganic N on mycorrhizal activity, nodulation, and

 growth of Leucaena leucocephala in an oxisol subjected to simulated

 erosion. Aziz, T.; Habte, M.

 New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1989 Feb.

 Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 71 (3/4): p.

 239-251; 1989 Feb.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Hawaii; Leucaena leucocephala; Nitrogen; Oxisols;

 Eroded soils; Mycorrhizal fungi; Glomus; Nodulation; Growth; Yields

 

 150                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 The

 influence of inorganic nutrient fertilization on the

 growth, nutrient composition and vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizal colonization of pretransplant rice (Oryza sativa L.)

 plants.

 Dhillion, S.S.; Ampornpan, L.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1992.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 13 (2): p. 85-91; 1992. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oryza sativa; Calcium fertilizers; Magnesium

 fertilizers; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Plant nutrition; Growth

 

 

 151                                 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 The

 influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis and fertilizer

 amendments on establishment of vegetation in heavy metal mine

 spoil.

 Hetrick, B.A.D.; Wilson, G.W.T.; Figge, D.A.H.

 Oxford, UK : Elsevier Science Limited; 1994.

 Environmental pollution v. 86 (2): p. 171-179; 1994.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Kansas; Cabt; Andropogon gerardii; Festuca

 arundinacea; Mine spoil; Zinc; Biomass production;

 Revegetation; Establishment; Fertilizers; Clay; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Polluted soils; Reclamation; Revegetation plants

 

 

 152                                  NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773 The

 influence of nitrogen fertilizer and Acremonium

 coenophialum on the soluble carbohydrate content of grazed and non-

 grased Festuca arundinacea. Belesky, D.P.; Wilkinson,

 S.R.; Stuedemann, J.A.

 Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Jun.

 Grass and forage science : the journal of the British

 Grassland Society v. 46 (2): p. 159-166; 1991 Jun.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca arundinacea; Genotypes; Grass sward;

 Endophytes; Acremonium coenophialum; Pastures; Nitrogen

 fertilizers; Plant composition; Carbohydrates; Crop yield;

 Forage; Grazing effects; Crop quality

 

 

 153                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 The

 influence of phosphorus concentration and frequency of

 fertilization on ectomycorrhizal development in containerized black

 spruce and jack pine seedlings.

 Browning, M.H.R.; Whitney, R.D.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Sep.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de

 recherche forestiere v. 22 (9): p. 1263-1270; 1992 Sep. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus banksiana; Picea mariana; Seedlings; Pot plants;

 Container grown plants; Laccaria; Ectomycorrhizas;

 Soil inoculation; Phosphorus fertilizers; Application rates;

 Growth; Plant height; Weight; Frequency

 

 Abstract:  The growth response of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)

 and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.)

 seedlings was tested in growth chambers at two levels of P, with or

 without inoculation of the mycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor

 (Maire) Orton and with weekly or thrice-weekly

 fertilizer application. While keeping N and K constant, an

 increase of P from 1.5 to 7.2 mg per seedling severely reduced

 formation of L bicolor ectomycorrhizae on both jack pine and black

 spruce 17 weeks after inoculation. Inoculation of black spruce with

 L bicolor was more successful (75%) than

 inoculation of jack pine (35%). Inoculated black spruce

 seedlings were 34% taller and 44% heavier than uninoculated

 controls, but only at the low P level; they were also 39%

 heavier and had more abundant L bicolor ectomycorrhizae (180% of

 the weekly treatment) when fertilized thrice weekly than with

 weekly fertilization that supplied the same total

 nutrients. Dry weights of jack pine inoculated with L bicolor were

 26 and 33% larger than those of uninoculated seedlings at high and

 low P levels, respectively. Fertilizing thrice weekly also produced

 23% larger dry weights of jack pine, but fewer ectomycorrhizae were

 formed than with weekly fertilization

 (65% of the weekly value). The results indicate that

 inoculation of black spruce seedlings with L. bicolor will

 produce larger seedlings, but only where low P fertilizer is

 applied, preferably thrice weekly. Jack pine may benefit from

 artificial inoculation with L. bicolor, especially in a higher

 fertility growing medium.

 

 

 154                                   NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59

 Influence of rotation from low- or high-endophyte tall fescue to

 pearl millet on cow-calf performance.

 Rhodes, M.T.; Grigsby, K.N.; Larson, B.T.; Paterson, J.A.;

 Kerley, M.S. Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland

 Council; 1991. Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland

 Conference. p. 141-144; 1991.  Meeting held April 1-4, 1991,

 Columbia, Missouri.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Infections;

 Rotations; Pennisetum Americanum; Cows; Calves; Liveweight

 gain; Feed intake

 

 

 155                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 AM36

 Influence of supplemental inorganic nutrients on growth,

 survivorship, and mycorrhizal relationships of Schizachyrium

 scoparium (Poaceae) grown in fumigated and unfumigated soil.

 Anderson, R.C.; Liberta, A.E.

 Columbus, Ohio : Botanical Society of America; 1992 Apr.

 American journal of botany v. 79 (4): p. 406-414; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Schizachyrium scoparium; Growth; Survival; Soil

 fumigation; Methyl bromide; Chloropicrin; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Plant nutrition; Nitrogen; Potassium; Phosphorus;

 Nutrient requirements

 

 Abstract:  Little bluestem grass Schizachyrium scoparium

 ([Michx.] Nash) plants were grown under field conditions for 2

 years in soils fumigated with methyl bromide and chloropicrin, or

 in unfumigated soil, and treated with supplemental

 inorganic nutrients (bases calcium and magnesium) phosphorus,

 nitrogen, and potassium. Most differences in measured plant

 responses were due to interactions between fumigation and

 nutrient treatments. These included biomass production, root mass

 per unit length (microgram/cm), root lengths, flowering culm

 production, percent colonization, colonized root length, and spore

 production in rhizosphere soil. Plants generally

 responded to mycorrhizal fungal colonization by reducing total root

 length and producing thicker roots. Treatment of plants with bases

 appeared to profoundly affect the mycorrhizal

 association by reducing sporulation of vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizal fungi and increasing colonization. When fumigated or

 unfumigated soils were considered separately, base-treated plants

 produced more biomass than other treatments. Base-

 treated plants grown on unfumigated soil had more flowering culms

 and longer colonized root lengths than all other plants. Percent

 colonization by mycorrhizal fungi and colonized root length were

 positively correlated with phosphorus/nitrogen

 ratios, but the ratio was not correlated with plant biomass

 production. This suggests that phosphorus is not a limiting

 nutrient in our soil and investment in a mycorrhizal

 association may not result in enhanced plant growth. The base-

 nutrient effects may indicate a need to reevaluate earlier

 studies of macro nutrient effects that did not take into

 account the role played by calcium and magnesium in assessing

 fungus-host plant interactions.

 

 

 156                                  NAL Call. No.: 60.19 SO83

 Influence of the fungal endophyte on physiology and ecology of tall

 fescue. Hoveland, C.S.

 New Orleans, La. : U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Agricultural Research Service; 1988 Dec.

 Proceedings of the Southern Pasture and Forage Crop

 Improvement Conference. p. 37-40; 1988 Dec.  Literature

 review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium;

 Plant physiology; Plant ecology; Breeding aims; Cultivars;

 Characteristics; Plant morphology; Seed production; Tillering;

 Nutrients; Herbage; Crop yield; Drought resistance

 

 

 157                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 P692

 Influence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the

 response of potato to phosphorus deficiency.

 McArthur, D.A.J.; Knowles, N.R.

 Rockville, Md. : American Society of Plant Physiologists; 1993 Jan.

 Plant physiology v. 101 (1): p. 147-160; 1993 Jan. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Phosphorus; Nutrient

 deficiencies; Stress response; Glomus fasciculatum; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Growth; Plant composition;

 Infectivity; Roots; Plant anatomy; Ultrastructure; Plant

 morphology

 

 Abstract:  Morphological and biochemical interactions between a

 vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus (Glomus

 fasciculatum [Thaxt. sensu Gerdemann] Gerdemann and Trappe) and

 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants during the

 development of P deficiency were characterized. Nonmycorrhizal (NM)

 plants grown for 63 d with low abiotic P supply (0.5 mM) produced

 34, 52, and 73% less root, shoot, and tuber dry

 matter, respectively, than plants grown with high P (2.5 mM). The

 total leaf area and the leaf area:plant dry weight ratio of low-P

 plants were substantially lower than those of high-P plants.

 Moreover, a lower shoot:root dry weight ratio and

 tuber:plant dry weight ratio in low-P plants than in high-P plants

 characterized a major effect of P deficiency stress on dry matter

 partitioning. In addition to a slower rate of

 growth, low-P plants accumulated nonreducing sugars and

 nitrate. Furthermore, root respiration and leaf nitrate

 reductase activity were lower in low-P plants than in high-P

 plants. Low abiotic P supply also induced physiological

 changes that contributed to the greater efficiency of P

 acquisition by low-P plants than by high-P plants. For

 example, allocation of dry matter and P to root growth was

 less restricted by P deficiency stress than to shoot and tuber

 growth. Also, the specific activities of root acid

 phosphatases and vanadate-sensitive microsomal ATPases were

 enhanced in P-deficient plants. The establishment of a VAM

 symbiosis by low-P plants was essential for efficient P

 acquisition, and a greater root infection level for P-stressed

 plants indicated increased compatibility to the VAM fungus. By 63

 d after planting, low-P VAM plants had recovered 42% more of the

 available soil P than low-P NM plants. However, the VAM fungus only

 partially alleviated P deficiency stress and did not completely

 compensate for inadequate abiotic P supply.

 Although the specific activities of acid phosphatases and

 microsomal ATPases were only marginally influenced by VAM i

 

 

 158                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Influences of genotypes, rock phosphate and plant densities on

 mycorrhizal development and the growth responses of five

 different crops. Daft, M.J.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Apr.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 35 (2/3): p.

 151-169; 1991 Apr. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Arachis hypogaea; Cicer arietinum; Medicago

 sativa; Pennisetum Americanum; Zea mays; Genotypes; Growth; Plant

 density; Rock phosphate; Soil inoculation; Soil fungi; Biological

 development; Glomus; Rhizobium

 

 

 159                                    NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783

 Inhibition of growth of fungi isolated from plants by

 Acremonium strictum. McGee, P.A.; Hincksman, M.A.; White, C.S.

 Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research

 Organization; 1991.

 Australian journal of agricultural research v. 42 (7): p.

 1187-1193; 1991. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lolium; Pennisetum; Pennisetum clandestinum;

 Acremonium strictum; Endophytes; Fungicides; Growth

 inhibitors; Poisonous plants; Symbiosis

 

 

 160                                NAL Call. No.: aSD12.A13R47

 Inoculation of fall- and spring-sown longleaf pine seedlings with

 Pisolithus tinctorius.

 Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E.

 Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1990 May.

 Research note SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (358): 5 p. ill;

 1990 May.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus palustris; Seedlings; Inoculation;

 Pisolithus tinctorius; Forest nurseries

 

 

 161                                  NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A352

 Inoculation of northern red oak seedlings with the fungal

 symbiont Suillus luteus in a Michigan nursery.

 Dixon, R.K.

 St. Paul, Minn. : The Station; 1989.

 USDA Forest Service general technical report NC - North

 Central Forest Experiment Station (132): p. 141-145; 1989.  Paper

 presented at the Seventh Central Hardwood Forest

 Conference, Mar 5-8, 1989, Carbondale, Illinois. Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Michigan; Quercus rubra; Seedlings; Inoculation;

 Suillus luteus; Planting stock; Forest nurseries;

 Ectomycorrhizae; Growth

 

 

 162                                  NAL Call. No.: SB197.A1T7

 Inoculation of Vigna parkeri with mycorrhizal fungi in an acid

 Florida spodosol.

 O'Donnell, J.J.; Sylvia, D.M.; Pitman, W.D.; Rechcigl, J.E. St

 Lucia : Tropical Grassland Society of Australia; 1992 Jun.

 Tropical grasslands v. 26 (2): p. 120-129; 1992 Jun.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Florida; Vigna parkeri; Inoculation methods;

 Mycorrhizal fungi; Spodosols; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Colonizing ability; Glomus etunicatum; Stand

 establishment; Crop mixtures; Paspalum notatum; Fodder legumes

 

 

 163                                 NAL Call. No.: SB608.T87I5

 Integrated pest management for turfgrass and ornamentals.

 Leslie, Anne R.; Metcalf, Robert L.

 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of

 Pesticide Programs, Field Operations Division

 Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,

 Office of Pesticide Programs, Field Operations Division,;

 1989.

 viii, 337 p. : ill. ; 27 cm.  "Field Operations Division"--

 Cover.  "August 1989"--Cover.  "This book is the product of a

 symposium ... entitled "Urban Integrated Pest Management: An

 Environmental Mandate"--P. v.  Includes bibliographical

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pesticides; Environmental aspects; Congresses;

 Grasses; Congresses

 

 Abstract:  This EPA manual discusses insect resistance,

 regulatory, environmental and societal problems in controlling

 turfgrass and ornamental pests with pesticides and the

 benefits of an integrated pest management approach. It

 presents research on understanding the pest/site complex and

 biological turfgrass pest control by endophytic fungi and

 entomophilic nematodes. Current disease, insect and weed

 control practices are covered as well as developing IPM

 programs.

 

 

 164                                    NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P

 Interaction among mycorrhizae, soil solarization, metalaxyl, and

 plants in the field.

 Afek, U.; Menge, J.A.; Johnson, E.L.V.

 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1991

 Jul. Plant disease v. 75 (7): p. 665-671; 1991 Jul.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: California; Gossypium hirsutum; Allium cepa;

 Capsicum annuum; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Glomus

 intraradices; Pythium ultimum; Metalaxyl; Soil fumigation;

 Methyl bromide; Soil solarization; Covers; Colonization;

 Roots; Length; Weight; Bolls; Onions; Fruit vegetables;

 Growth; Crop yield

 

 165                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Interaction between Glomus mosseae and Erwinia carotovora and its

 effects on the growth of tomato plants.

 Garcia-Garrido, J.M.; Ocampo, J.A.

 New York, N.Y. : Cambridge University Press; 1988 Dec.

 The New phytologist v. 110 (4): p. 551-555; 1988 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lycopersicon esculentum; Glomus mosseae;

 Symbiosis; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Erwinia

 carotovora; Bacterial diseases

 

 

 166                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Interaction effects of vegetation type and Pacific madrone

 soil inocula on survival, growth, and mycorrhiza formation of

 Douglas-fir. Amaranthus, M.P.; Perry, D.A.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1989 May.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 19 (5): p. 550-556; 1989 May. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pseudotsuga menziesii; Seedlings; Growth;

 Survival; Site factors; Vegetation types; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Arbutus menziesii; Arctostaphylos

 

 

 167                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Interaction of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of maize with

 extractable soil phosphorus levels and nitrogen-potassium

 fertilizers. Guttay, A.J.R.; Dandurand, L.M.C.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1989.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 8 (4): p. 307-310; 1989. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Connecticut; Zea mays; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizae; Interactions; Nitrogen-potassium fertilizers;

 Phosphorus; Soil fertility; Crop yield

 

 

 168                                   NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67

 Interaction response of Glomus albidus and Cicer rhizobium

 strains on iron uptake and symbiotic N2 fixation in calcareous

 soil.

 Rai, R.

 New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1988 Jun.

 Journal of plant nutrition v. 11 (6/11): p. 863-869; 1988 Jun. 

 Paper presented at the "Fourth International Symposium on Iron

 Nutrition and Interactions in Plants," July 6-9, 1987,

 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Bihar; Cicer arietinum; Genotypes; Rhizobium;

 Glomus; Iron; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen fixation; Calcareous soils;

 Yield response functions

 

 

 169                                  NAL Call. No.: QR89.7.B56

 Interactions between vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza and

 nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and their influence on plant growth

 and nutrition. Subba Rao, N.S.; Krishna, K.R.

 New Delhi : Oxford & IBH Pub. Co; 1988.

 Biological nitrogen fixation : recent developments / edited by N.S.

 Subba Rao. p. 53-70; 1988.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mycorrhizas; Nitrogen fixation; Fungi; Plants; Growth

 rate; Plant nutrition; Symbiosis

 

 

 170                                 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Interspecific N-transfer and plant development in a

 mycorrhizal field-grown mixture.

 Hamel, C.; Smith, D.L.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1991.

 Soil biology and biochemistry v. 23 (7): p. 661-665; 1991. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Quebec; Glycine max; Zea mays; Crop mixtures;

 Glomus intraradices; Phosphorus fertilizers; Phosphates;

 Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Nutrient content; Growth

 

 Abstract:  In the field, a mycorrhizal mixture of corn and

 soybean was compared to non-mycorrhizal and to P-compensated plant

 mixtures: The extent of N-transfer from soybean to corn was

 assessed. Plant development and the competitive

 relationship between the components of the mixtures were also

 examined. After having labelled selected soybean plants with

 isotopic NH4NO3 by feeding roots induced on their stems, a

 greater amount of 15N-transfer to corn was measured in

 mycorrhiza inoculated plots than in control plots. The growth of

 both corn and soybean plants was greatly enhanced when

 inoculated with Glomus intraradix, and the effect of the

 fungus could not be replicated by fertilization. Inoculation and P

 fertilization had similar effects on P, K and Mg uptake by plants,

 but their effects differed regarding Ca absorption. Inoculation

 with the mycorrhizal fungus favoured the grass

 component of the mixture over the legume. Even if more N

 appeared to be transferred from soybean to corn when plants were

 mycorrhizal, the nutrient status of the plants suggests that the

 growth increase can be attributed mainly to a better P uptake by

 mycorrhizal plants, and that the significance of interspecific

 mycorrhizae-mediated N-transfer may be limited.

 

 

 171                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Investigation of VAM sorbus aucuparia and Acer pseudoplatanus

 stands at air polluted localities and mine spoils in North

 Bohemia.

 Vosatka, M.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1990 Feb.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 29: p. 443-450;

 1990 Feb.  Special Issue, Part B: Ecological and Applied

 Aspects of Ecto- and Endomycorrhizal Associations. Paper

 presented at the "2nd European Symposium on Mycorrhizae,"

 August 5-9, 1988, Prague, Czechoslovakia.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Czechoslovakia; Sorbus aucuparia; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizae; Mine spoil; Afforestation;

 Environmental pollution; Acer pseudoplatanus

 

 

 172                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Leucaena leucocephala seedling response to vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in soils with varying

 levels of inherent mycorrhizal effectiveness.

 Habte, M.; Fox, R.L.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1989.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 8 (2): p. 111-115; 1989. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Hawaii; Leucaena leucocephala; Seedlings; Soil

 inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Yield response

 functions; Glomus; Soil properties; Tropical soils

 

 

 173                                   NAL Call. No.: SB199.T46

 Managing symbiotic associations between plants and

 microorganisms. Robson, A.D.; Abbott, L.K.

 Australia : Australian Wool Corporation; 1987.

 Temperate pastures : their production, use and management /

 editors, J.L. Wheeler, C.J. Pearson, G.E. Roberts. p. 191-203;

 1987. (Australian Wool Corporation technical publication). 

 Literature review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Australia; Herbage crops; Symbiosis; Pastures;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Infection; Nutrient uptake;

 Nitrogen fixation; Root nodulation; Rhizobium; Pasture

 management

 

 

 174                                  NAL Call. No.: 442.8 AN72

 Mango stem end rot pathogens--fruit infection by endophytic

 colonisation of the inflorescence and pedicel.

 Johnson, G.I.; Mead, A.J.; Cooke, A.W.; Dean, J.R.

 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Feb.

 Annals of applied biology v. 120 (2): p. 225-234; 1992 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Queensland; Mangifera indica; Mangoes;

 Inflorescences; Pedicels; Endophytes; Plant pathogenic fungi;

 Fungal diseases; Storage disorders; Infection; Incidence;

 Growth stages; Postharvest losses

 

 

 175                                   NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82

 Metabolites toxic to spruce budworm from balsam fir needle

 endophytes. Calhoun, L.A.; Findlay, J.A.; Miller, J.D.;

 Whitney, N.J. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992

 Apr.

 Mycological research v. 96 (pt.4): p. 281-286; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: New Brunswick; Abies balsamea; Picea rubens;

 Conifer needles; Endophytes; Secondary metabolites; Toxins;

 Choristoneura fumiferana; Insect pests; Plant extracts;

 Insecticidal properties; Biological control

 

 

 176                                     NAL Call. No.: SD1.S34 A

 method for observing and manipulating roots and root

 associated fungi on plants growing in nonsterile substrates.

 Unestam, T.; Stenstrom, E.

 Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell Periodical Company; 1989.

 Scandinavian journal of forest research v. 4 (1): p. 51-58. ill;

 1989. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Roots; Pinus sylvestris; Mycorrhizas; Plant

 pathogens; Interactions; Laccaria laccata; Iaa; Culture media

 

 

 177                                     NAL Call. No.: 18 J825

 Microbial population and yield of wheat in relation to soil

 salinity. Gour, H.N.; Lal, P.; Mathur, J.R.

 Berlin, W. Ger. : Paul Parey; 1990.

 Zeitschrift fur Acker- und Pflanzenbau v. 164 (2): p. 100-103. ill;

 1990. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Rajasthan; Triticum aestivum; Crop yield;

 Microorganisms; Mycorrhizal fungi; Soil bacteria; Soil fungi; Soil

 salinity; Yield components; Roots; Growth

 

 

 178                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82 Milk

 production in Brahman and Angus cows on endophyte-

 infected fescue and common bermudagrass.

 Brown, M.A.; Tharel, L.M.; Brown, A.H. Jr; Jackson, W.G.;

 Miesner, J.R. Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal

 Science; 1993 May. Journal of animal science v. 71 (5): p.

 1117-1122; 1993 May.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Beef cows; Milk yield; Aberdeen-angus; Brahman; Breed

 differences; Grazing; Cynodon dactylon; Festuca

 arundinacea; Endophytes; Milk fat yield; Milk fat percentage

 

 Abstract:  Daily milk yield and milk fat were estimated by

 method of milking machine in 60 Angus and 60 Brahman cows

 grazing common bermudagrass or endophyte-infected fescue

 during a 3-yr period. Averaged over monthly estimates, there was

 evidence (P < .05) of a dam breed X forage interaction in daily

 milk yield. Tall fescue decreased milk yield more in the Angus

 (1.64 kg/d, P < .01) than in the Brahman (.53 kg/d, P > .15). There

 were significant dam breed effects on both

 percentage of milk fat and daily milk fat yield; Brahman

 exceeded Angus by .68% (P < .01) and 34.3 g/d (P < .01),

 respectively. There were significant forage effects for bothpercentage of milk fat and daily milk fat yield; common

 bermudagrass exceeded tall fescue by .5% (P < .01) and 62.3 g/d (P

 < .01), respectively. These data indicate that

 incorporation of Brahman germplasm into a grazing system that uses

 endophyte-infected fescue may be beneficial in daily milk yield but

 will probably not prevent decreases in milk fat

 production associated with grazing endophyte-infected tall

 fescue.

 

 

 179                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Mineral nutrition and mycorrhizal infection of seedling oak and

 birch. I. Nutrient uptake and the development of

 mycorrhizal infection during seedling establishment.

 Newton, A.C.; Pigott, C.D.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Jan.

 The New phytologist v. 117 (1): p. 37-44; 1991 Jan.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: England; Betula pendula; Quercus robur;

 Seedlings; Ectomycorrhizas; Mineral nutrition; Nutrient

 uptake; Growth; Plant nutrition

 

 180                                   NAL Call. No.: QH540.I84

 Mixtures and mycorrhizas: the manipulation of nutrient cycling in

 forestry. Brown, A.H.F.; Dighton, J.

 Huntingdon : Institute of Terrestrial Ecology; 1989.

 ITE symposium (25): p. 65-72; 1989.  In the series analytic:

 Cumbrian woodlands: Past, present and future / edited by J.K.

 Adamson.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Northern england; Woodlands; Forest trees;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal

 fungi; Nutrient uptake; Cycling; Mixed forests

 

 

 181                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Modeling tall fescue cultivar response to applied nitrogen.

 Overman, A.R.; Wilkinson, S.R.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993

 Nov. Agronomy journal v. 85 (6): p. 1156-1158; 1993 Nov. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Georgia; Cabt; Nitrogen fertilizers; Festuca

 arundinacea; Cultivars; Crop yield; Dry matter accumulation;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Infection; Nutrient uptake; Models;

 Analysis of variance; Sandy loam soils

 

 Abstract:  Model's can be used to estimate yields and nutrient

 utilization by forage grasses. The objective of this study was to

 model response of three cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca

 arundinacea Schreb.) to applied N over a 3-yr period at

 Watkinsville, GA. The procedure uses analysis of variance to

 evaluate linear parameter A and the exponential parameters b and c

 for the logistic equation. It was shown that yields

 could be averaged across years and that all differences among

 cultivars could be assigned to the b (intercept) parameter. 'AU-

 Triumph' proved to be more efficient at converting soil N to dry

 matter without applied N than either 'Johnstone' or

 'Kentucky 31' cultivars. Endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-

 Jones & Gams) infection did not affect dry matter

 response relationships of Kentucky 31. Maximum incremental

 conversion of applied N to dry matter occurred at N = 125 kg ha-1,

 where plant N utilization was approximately 80%. The

 logistic model provides a very useful tool for evaluating

 response of tall fescue cultivars to applied N.

 

 

 182                         NAL Call. No.: QK604.M92M912  1994

 Mycorrhizae and plant health.

 Pfleger, Francis Louis; Linderman, R. G.

 St. Paul, Minn. : APS Press,; 1994.

 x, 344 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Symposium series).  "This

 publication is based ... on presentations from a symposium

 entitled "A Reappraisal of Mycorrhizae in Plant Health" held in

 conjunction with the annual meeting of The American

 Phytopathological Society, August 12, 1992, in Portland,

 Oregon."--Verso t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal plants; Ectomycorrhizas

 

 

 183                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42

 Mycorrhizae and realistic nursery management.

 Davey, C.B.

 Fort Collins, Colo. : The Station; 1990 Dec.

 General technical report RM - Rocky Mountain Forest and Range

 Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service (200): p. 67-77; 1990 Dec.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pacific states of U.S.A.; Conifers; Seedling

 growth; Seedling culture; Mycorrhizal fungi; Thelephora

 terrestris; Pisolithus tinctorius; Glomus fasciculatum;

 Laccaria; Forest nurseries

 

 

 184                                   NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3

 Mycorrhizae in plant production, January 1979-May 1989.

 Schneider, K.

 Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1989 Oct.

 Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculure,

 National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (90-05): 32 p.; 1989

 Oct.  Bibliography.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi; Ectomycorrhizae;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Plant production; Growth;

 Bibliographies

 

 

 185                                    NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9

 Mycorrhizae in the agricultural plant-soil system.

 Bethlenfalvay, G.J.

 Rehovot, Israel : Balaban Publishers; 1993.

 Symbiosis v. 14 (1/3): p. 413-425; 1993.  Paper presented at the

 "International Symbiosis Congress," November 17-22, 1991,

 Jerusalem, Israel. Literature review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Crops; Mycorrhizal fungi; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Crop production; Literature reviews; Cropping

 systems

 

 

 186                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Mycorrhizae: possible explanation for yield decline with

 continuous corn and soybean.

 Johnson, N.C.; Copeland, P.J.; Crookston, R.K.; Pfleger, F.L.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 May23.

 Agronomy journal v. 84 (3): p. 387-390; 1992 May23.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Minnesota; Zea mays; Glycine max; Continuous

 cropping; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Growth; Nutrient

 uptake; Responses; Crop yield

 

 Abstract:  Earlier studies showed that mycorrhizal fungi

 selectively proliferate in soils cropped in monoculture to

 corn (Zea mays L.) or soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.]. This study

 evaluated whether the dominant mycorrhizal fungi, based on spore

 numbers present in soil, affected growth and nutrient uptake of the

 following crop. Plots at two locations in

 Minnesota with a continuous corn or continuous soybean history were

 planted to both corn and soybean. The relationship

 between spore numbers of proliferating species of mycorrhizal fungi

 and crop yield and nutrient concentrations were assessed using

 simple correlation analysis. Spore populations of

 mycorrhizal fungi which proliferated in corn were generally

 negatively correlated with the yield and tissue mineral

 concentrations of corn, but were positively correlated with the

 yield and tissue mineral concentrations of soybean. Spore

 populations of soybean proliferators exhibited the reciprocal

 relationship, although less clearly. We suggest that, compared to

 other fungi, proliferating VAM fungal species may be less

 beneficial (or perhaps detrimental) to the crop in which they

 proliferate. We propose a mechanism to explain how vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi could cause yield

 depressions associated with monoculture, and outline research

 needed to test this hypothesis.

 

 

 187                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Mycorrhizae, survival and growth of selected woody plant

 species in lignite overburden in Texas.

 Davies, F.T. Jr; Call, C.A.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1990 Jul.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 31 (3): p. 243-252; 1990

 Jul. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Texas; Mycorrhizal fungi; Survival; Woody plants;

 Lignin; Quercus Virginiana; Sophora secundiflora; Pisolithus

 tinctorius

 

 

 188                                 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Mycorrhizae-mediated 15N transfer from soybean to corn in

 field-grown intercrops: effect of component crop spatial

 relationships. Hamel, C.; Smith, D.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 May.

 Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (5): p. 499-501; 1992 May. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Glycine max; Zea mays; Glomus versiforme;

 Mycorrhizas; Soil inoculation; Plant nutrition; Nitrogen;

 Transfer; Intercropping; Continuous cropping; Crop density; Calcium

 phosphate; Plant analysis; Nutrient content; Crop

 yield; Roots; Length; Colonization; Spatial variation

 

 

 189                                   NAL Call. No.: 56.9 So32

 Mycorrhizal amelioration of the detrimental effect of Biodune on

 plant growth. Aziz, T.; Sylvia, D.M.

 S.l. : The Society; 1992.

 Proceedings / v. 51: p. 20-23; 1992.  Meeting held Sept 25-27,

 1991, Orlando, Florida.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Florida; Cabt; Uniola paniculata; Dunes; Erosion; Soil

 amendments; Glomus

 

 

 190                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 The

 mycorrhizal and nodulation status of container-grown trees and

 shrubs reared in commercial nurseries.

 Danielson, R.M.; Visser, S.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 May.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 20 (5): p. 609-614; 1990 May. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Picea glauca; Pinus banksiana; Pinus contorta;

 Container grown plants; Forest nurseries; Woody plants;

 Mycorrhizal fungi; Root nodulation

 

 

 191                       NAL Call. No.: QK604.2.M92M922  1980

 Mycorrhizal associations and crop production.

 Rhizosphere Research Group

 New Brunswick, N.J.? : Rutgers, [1980?]; 1980.

 37 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Research report (New Jersey

 Agricultural Experiment Station) ; no. R04400-01-81.).  Papers from

 a colloquium (March 27, 1980) in celebration of the one-hundredth

 anniversary of the New Jersey Agricultural

 Experiment Station.  Includes bibliographical references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal plants

 

 

 192                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 The

 mycorrhizal condition of weakened Scots pine saplings

 grown on ploughed sites in northern Finland.

 Vare, H.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1989 Mar.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de

 recherche forestiere v. 19 (3): p. 341-346; 1989 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Finland; Pinus sylvestris; Container grown

 plants; Planting; Site preparation; Plowing; Mycorrhizas;

 Vigor; Survival; Roots

 

 

 193                                    NAL Call. No.: 56.9 So3

 Mycorrhizal development and phosphorus absorption in maize

 under conventional and reduced tillage.

 McGonigle, T.P.; Miller, M.H.

 Madison, Wis. : Soil Science Society of America; 1993 Jul.

 Soil Science Society of America journal v. 57 (4): p.

 1002-1006; 1993 Jul. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ontario; Cabt; Zea mays; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Colonization; Patterns; Phosphorus; Nutrient uptake;

 Absorption; Ridging; Plowing; Nutrient content; Shoots; Crop growth

 stage; Crop yield

 

 Abstract:  Arbuscular mycorrhizae participate in P uptake by maize

 (Zea mays L.). Previous studies using pot-grown plants have shown

 that P uptake by maize is greater when soil is not disturbed

 between cropping and planting. This study was

 conducted to determine if mycorrhizal colonization and shoot P

 absorption in the field are higher under reduced tillage,

 under conditions of soil fertility and tillage management

 representative of commercial farming. Maize was sampled in

 1990 and 1991 from plots maintained under no-till (NT), and ridge

 tillage (RT). These were contrasted with maize from

 plots given moldboard plow (MP) tillage each year, which

 disturbs the soil to a greater extent. Plots were fertilized at

 recommended rates. In the early part of both years, shoot P

 concentration in NT and RT were significantly greater than

 under MP. These differences in shoot P did not persist after the

 six-leaf stage. Greater development of mycorrhizae in the early

 season was seen in the RT and NT systems relative to

 that in MP. There were no significant effects of tillage on final

 yield, possibly due to the relatively high soil P

 levels. Under NT and RT, arbuscular colonization had a maximum at

 48 d after planting (DAP) of 55% and 60%, respectively,

 followed by a linear decrease to near 10% at 166 DAP. Under MP, a

 plateau of 45% arbuscular colonization was sustained

 between 48 and 97 DAP, followed by a linear decrease similar to

 that in NT and RT.

 

 

 194                                   NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883

 Mycorrhizal effects on interspecific plant competition and

 nitrogen transfer in legume-grass mixtures.

 Hamel, C.; Furlan, V.; Smith, D.L.

 Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1992 Jul.

 Crop science v. 32 (4): p. 991-996; 1992 Jul.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Canada; Medicago sativa; Bromus inermis; Phleum

 pratense; Crop mixtures; Components; Interactions; Soil

 inoculation; Glomus intraradices; Phosphorus fertilizers;

 Plant composition; Nitrogen content; Transfer; Phosphorus;

 Concentration; Crop yield; Nutrient balance

 

 Abstract:  Mycorrhizal fungi may play a role in the

 interactions between components of legume-grass mixed swards by

 their enhancing effect on plant P uptake and on legume N2-fixation

 rate. The effects of mycorrhizal fungi on

 interspecific plant interactions and N transfer from legume to

 grass were studied in two legume-grass forage mixtures grown under

 three P fertilization regimes. In two experiments, one involving an

 alfalfa-bromegrass (Medicago sativa L.-Bromus

 inermis Leyss.) mixture and the other, an alfalfa-timothy

 (Phleum pratense L.) mixture, plants were inoculated or not with

 Glomus intraradix and fertilized with 0, 14.2 or 28 kg P ha-1.

 Phosphorus fertilization sometimes increased plant

 tissue P concentration, especially in timothy, but it never

 affected grass/legume biomass ratios. The effects of the

 mycorrhizal fungus were seasonal and were most evident in the

 August harvests, when mycorrhizal inoculation increased the yield

 of alfalfa at the expense of bromegrass or timothy,

 reducing the grass/legume dry mass ratio in both mixtures.

 Transfer of 15N from legume to grass was demonstrated, but

 this transfer was not enhanced by mycorrhizal colonization of

 plants. Mycorrhizal colonization increased P accumulation in the

 alfalfa components of the mixtures (33% with bromegrass and 17%

 with timothy); however, P concentrations in the legume biomass were

 above the P sufficiency level in nonmycorrhizal plants and were not

 increased by mycorrhizal colonization.

 Therefore, the seasonal increase in alfalfa yield at the

 expense of the grass was apparently not caused by enhancement of P

 uptake by mycorrhizal colonization. Diagnosis and

 Recommendation integrated System (DRIS) indices calculated

 from a complete nutrient analysis of the tissue revealed that the

 beneficial effect of mycorrhiza on alfalfa production was

 associated with a better nutrient balance (mainly Ca and Mg) of the

 plants.

 

 195                                   NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82

 Mycorrhizal influences on big bluestem rhizome regrowth and

 clipping tolerance.

 Hetrick, B.A.D.; Wilson, G.W.T.; Owensby, C.E.

 Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1990 Jul.

 Journal of range management v. 43 (4): p. 286-290; 1990 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Andropogon gerardii; Shoot pruning; Grazing

 effects; Rhizomes; Regrowth; Shoots; Symbiosis; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizae; Colonizing ability; Growth rate;

 Herbage; Crop yield

 

 

 196                                    NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8

 Mycorrhizal pathogen of tobacco: cropping history and current crop

 effects on the mycorrhizal fungal community.

 An, Z.Q.; Guo, B.Z.; Hendrix, J.W.

 Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1993 Nov.

 Crop protection v. 12 (7): p. 527-531; 1993 Nov.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Kentucky; Cabt; Nicotiana tabacum; Glomus

 macrocarpum; Fungal diseases; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Population density; Rotations; Sorghum bicolor x

 sorghum sudanense; Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Plant height; Flowering; Crop yield; Plant

 disease control; Fungus control

 

 

 197                                   NAL Call. No.: QH301.A76 The

 mycorrhizal status of some forest sites and the

 propagation of ectomycorrhizal Sitka spruce seedlings in

 Ireland.

 Grogan, H.; Mitchell, D.T.

 Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;

 1990. Aspects of applied biology (24): p. 123-130; 1990.  In the

 series analytic: The exploitation of micro-organisms in applied

 biology.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Irish republic; Picea sitchensis; Pot

 experimentation; Propagation; Seedlings; Soil inoculation;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Forest soils; Growth; Hebeloma

 crustuliniforme; Laccaria laccata; Thelephora terrestris

 

 

 198                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 M99

 Mycorrhizas--integrated development between roots and fungi.

 Peterson, R.L.; Farquhar, M.L.

 Bronx : New York Botanical Garden, 1909-; 1994 May.

 Mycologia v. 86 (3): p. 311-326; 1994 May.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plant nutrition; Mycorrhizal fungi; Symbiosis; Roots;

 Plant development; Interactions; Growth; Plant anatomy; Cell

 ultrastructure; Literature reviews

 

 

 199                                    NAL Call. No.: 100 T31P

 National turfgrass evaluation program (NTEP) tall fescue

 quality evaluation, I. Effect of mowing height.

 Ruemmele, B.A.; Engelke, M.C.; Morton, S.J.

 College Station, Tex. : The Station; 1991.

 PR - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (4885): p. 18-19; 1991. 

 In the series analytic: Texas turfgrass research--1991.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Texas; Festuca arundinacea; Mowing; Lawns and

 turf; Cultivars; Endophytes; Crop quality

 

 

 200                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U57

 Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition affects the growth

 parameters and mycorrhizal symbiosis of northern red oak

 seedlings.

 Reber, R.T.; Pope, P.E.

 New Orleans, La. : Southern Forest Experiment Station, [1977-; 1993

 Jul. General technical report SO / (93): p. 343-350; 1993 Jul. 

 Proceedings of the Seventh Biennial Southern

 Silvicultural Research Conference, held Nov 17-19, 1992,

 Mobile, Alabama.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Quercus rubra; Seedlings; Ectomycorrhizas;

 Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Plant nutrition; Growth; Nitrogen

 fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers

 

 

 201                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Nitrogen effects on yield and forage quality of perennial

 ryegrass and tall fescue.

 Collins, M.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 May.

 Agronomy journal v. 83 (3): p. 588-595; 1991 May.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Kentucky; Festuca arundinacea; Lolium perenne; Lolium;

 Endophytes; Acremonium coenophialum; Cultivars;

 Nitrogen fertilizers; Application rates; Dry matter

 accumulation; Crop yield; Crop quality; Forage; In vitro

 digestibility; Fiber content; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake;

 Varietal reactions

 

 Abstract:  Negative animal effects of tall fescue (Festuca

 arundinacea Schreb.) infected (EI) with the endophytic fungus

 Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams are reduced by

 substituting endophyte-free (EF) tall fescue or other forage

 species. A field experiment was conducted on Maury silt loam (fine,

 mixed, mesic, Typic Paleudults) soil from 1986 to 1988 to compare

 forage yields and quality of Kenhy'-EF, Kenhy-EI, and Johnstone'

 tall fescue with Ensilo' (diploid) and

 Reveille' (tetraploid) perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and

 Bison' ryegrass (Lolium intermediate). Each cultivar

 received 0, 75, or 150 kg ha-1 of N annually. At 150 kg ha-1 of N,

 Johnstone produced the highest 1987 to 1988 average dry matter (DM)

 yields of 6.7 Mg ha-1 compared with 5.7 Mg ha-1 for Kenhy-EI. Tall

 fescue generally produced higher yields

 than ryegrass. Ground cover after 3 yr for Reveille of 72% did not

 differ from Kenhy-EI (79%), but Ensilo (61%) and Bison

 (31%) were lower. Endophyte effects on yield and quality of Kenhy

 were seldom significant. Two-year weighted average in vitro dry

 matter disappearance (IVDMD) values were 685, 663, 626, 628, and

 641 g kg-1 for Reveille, Ensilo, Kenhy-EF,

 Kenhy-EI, and Johnstone, respectively. Increasing N levels

 increased N concentration of tall fescue but did not

 consistently affect that of ryegrass. These results indicate that

 some cultivars of ryegrass can persist at this location, but that

 summer productivity is well below that of tall

 fescue. However, some potential may exist for germplasm

 improvement of perennial ryegrass based on existing cultivars.

 Endophyte effects on yield and quality of Kenhy tall fescue under

 the conditions of this study were small.

 

 

 202                           NAL Call. No.: SD397.P55I58 1985

 Nursery cultural practices affect field performance of

 longleaf pine. Hatchell, G.E.

 Auburn, Ala.? : Orders, Dept. of Research Information, Auburn

 University, [1986?]; 1986.

 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nursery

 Management Practices for the Southern Pines, Montgomery,

 Alabama, August 4-9, 1985 / edited by David B. South. p.

 148-156; 1986.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus palustris; Seedlings; Forest nurseries;

 Growth; Survival; Nursery management; Height; Pisolithus

 tinctorius; Inoculation; Seedbeds; Plant density; Root pruning

 

 

 203                                   NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84

 Nursery nurture.

 Corliss, J.; Wood, M.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1992 Mar.

 Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Agricultural Research Service v. 40 (3): p. 10-11; 1992 Mar.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Trees; Rhizopogon; Transplanting;

 Ethylene; Seedlings

 

 

 204                                   NAL Call. No.: QH540.F85

 Nutrient acquisition and community structure in co-occurring

 mycotrophic and non-mycotrophic old-field annuals.

 Sanders, I.R.; Koide, R.T.

 Oxford : British Ecological Society : Blackwell Scientific

 Publications,; 1994 Feb.

 Functional ecology v. 8 (1): p. 77-84; 1994 Feb.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Abutilon theophrasti; Amaranthus retroflexus;

 Setaria pumila; Glomus intraradices; Phosphorus; Nutrient

 uptake; Mineral uptake; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas;

 Plant density; Growth

 

 

 205                                  NAL Call. No.: SB197.A1T7 The

 occurrence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on tropical

 forage legumes in south Florida.

 Medina, O.A.; Kretschmer, A.E. Jr; Sylvia, D.M.

 Brisbane : Tropical Grassland Society of Australia; 1988 Jun.

 Tropical grasslands v. 22 (2): p. 73-78. maps; 1988 Jun. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Florida; Beef cattle; Macroptilium atropurpureum;

 Aeschynomene Americana; Vigna; Desmodium; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizae; Spores; Population density; Species; Colonizing

 ability; Roots; Distribution; Soil fungi; Forage; Pastures

 

 

 206                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42

 Operational ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculations in forest tree

 nurseries: 1989.

 Cordell, C.E.; Omdal, D.W.; Marx, D.H.

 Fort Collins, Colo. : The Station; 1989 Dec.

 General technical report RM - Rocky Mountain Forest and Range

 Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service (184): p. 86-92. ill; 1989 Dec.  Paper presented at the

 Intermountain Forest Nursery Association Meeting, August 14-18,

 1989, Bismark, North Dakota.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Forest nurseries; Ectomycorrhizae; Inoculation;

 Pisolithus tinctorius; Container grown plants

 

 

 207                                     NAL Call. No.: 80 J825 Pear

 seedling responses to phosphorus, fumigation and

 mycorrhizal inoculation. Gardiner, D.T.; Christensen, N.W.

 Ashford : Headley Brothers Ltd; 1991 Nov.

 The Journal of horticultural science v. 66 (6): p. 775-780; 1991

 Nov. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pyrus communis; Seedlings; Calcium phosphate;

 Soil fumigation; Soil inoculation; Glomus intraradices; Glomus

 deserticola; Application rates; Chloropicrin; Growth; Weight; Plant

 height; Diameter; Stems; Nutrient uptake; Zinc; Calcium; Copper;

 Phosphorus; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas

 

 

 208                             NAL Call. No.: 100 G29S no.178

 Pecan mycorrhizas.

 Woodroof, Naomi Chapman,

 Experiment, Ga. : Georgia Experiment Station of the University

 System of Georgia,; 1933.

 26 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Bulletin (Georgia Experiment Station) ;

 178.).  Cover title.  November, 1933.  Bibliography: p. 26.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pecan; Mycorrhiza

 

 

 209                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) endophyte (Acremonium

 lolii) relationships: the Australian experience.

 Cunningham, P.J.; Foot, J.Z.; Reed, K.F.M.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1993 Mar.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 44 (1/4): p.

 157-168; 1993 Mar.  In the special issue: Acremonium/grass

 interactions / edited by R. Joost and S. Quisenberry.

 Proceedings of the international symposium on Acremonium/Grass

 Interactions, held November 5-7, 1990, New Orleans, Louisiana. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Australia; Lolium perenne; Acremonium;

 Relationships; Sheep; Animal production; Botanical

 composition; Pastures

 

 210                                  NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68

 Performance of cows and calves with continuous or rotational

 stocking of endophyte-infested tall fescue-clover pastures.

 Chestnut, A.B.; Fribourg, H.A.; Onks, D.O.; McLaren, J.B.;

 Gwinn, K.D.; Mueller, M.A.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.

 Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (3): p. 405-408; 1992 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Tennessee; Cattle; Calves; Rotational grazing; Grazing

 systems; Comparisons; Performance testing; Grazing

 experiments; Trifolium; Species; Acremonium coenophialum;

 Seasonal variation

 

 

 211                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Persistence of Laccaria spp. as ectomycorrhizal symbionts of

 container-grown black spruce.

 Buschena, C.A.; Doudrick, R.L.; Anderson, N.A.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Dec.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de

 recherche forestiere v. 22 (12): p. 1883-1887; 1992 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Minnesota; Picea mariana; Seedlings; Container grown

 plants; Ectomycorrhizas; Laccaria; Persistence; Npk

 fertilizers; Soil types

 

 Abstract:  Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P. seedlings were grown in

 containers under three levels of N-P-K fertilization. They were

 inoculated with one of three levels of mycelial slurry of either an

 isolate of Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton or of

 Laccaria longipes G.M. Mueller. Seedlings were grown for 16 weeks

 in a glasshouse before planting on two different sites (organic and

 mineral soil) in northern Minnesota. Persistence of the two fungi

 was monitored over a 2.5-year period.

 Dikaryotic-monokaryotic pairings indicated that trees on the

 mineral soil site, inoculated with L. bicolor, remained

 colonized by that isolate for the entire test period. Controls and

 L. longipes treated seedlings on the same mineral soil

 site became colonized by indigenous isolates of L. bicolor. The

 half-strength fertilizer treatment produced significantly taller

 seedlings.

 

 

 212                                  NAL Call. No.: 442.8 AN72 The

 phosphorus budget of a field-grown strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa

 cv. Hapil) crop: evidence for a mycorrhizal

 contribution.

 Dunne, M.J.; Fitter, A.H.

 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1989 Feb.

 Annals of applied biology v. 114 (1): p. 185-193; 1989 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Fragaria ananassa; Mycorrhizas; Phosphorus

 

 

 213                         NAL Call. No.: QK604.2.E53B56 1994

 Physiology and drought tolerance of endophyte-infected

 grasses. West, C.P.

 Boca Raton : CRC Press; 1994.

 Biotechnology of endophytic fungi of grasses /. p. 87-99;

 1994.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium coenophialum;

 Endophytes; Drought resistance; Tillering; Dry matter

 accumulation; Plant growth regulators; Osmotic pressure;

 Literature reviews

 

 

 214                                    NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P

 Phytotoxicity of fosetyl Al and phosphonic acid to maize

 during production of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal

 inoculum.

 Seymour, N.P.; Thompson, J.P.; Fiske, M.L.

 St. Paul, Minn., American Phytopathological Society; 1994 May.

 Plant disease v. 78 (5): p. 441-446; 1994 May.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Zea mays; Glomus mosseae; Glomus macrocarpum;

 Glomus etunicatum; Glomus microcarpum; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Pythium; Fungus control; Metalaxyl; Fosetyl;

 Organophosphorus pesticides; Phosphonates; Phytotoxicity;

 Growth; Colonization; Roots; Length; Mineral content; Plant

 composition

 

 

 215                                    NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9

 Pinus resinosa ectomycorrhizae: seven host-fungus combinations

 synthesized in pure culture.

 Richter, D.L.; Bruhn, J.N.

 Philadelphia, Pa. : Balaban Publishers; 1989.

 Symbiosis v. 7 (3): p. 211-228. ill; 1989.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ectomycorrhizae; Pinus resinosa; Symbiosis;

 Synthesis; Culture media

 

 

 216                                   NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Pisolithus tinctorius fails to improve plantation performance of

 inoculated conifers in southwestern Oregon.

 Castellano, M.A.; Trappe, J.M.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.

 New forests v. 5 (4): p. 349-358; 1991.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pinus contorta; Abies

 grandis; Abies concolor; Pisolithus tinctorius; Soil

 inoculation; Seedlings; Bare rooted stock; Forest nurseries;

 Survival; Growth

 

 Abstract:  Bare-root stock of Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine,

 white fir, and grand fir, inoculated with Pisolithus

 tinctorius and handled by standard nursery, cold storage and

 planting practices performed no better than stock which was not

 intentionally inoculated but which had formed mycorrhizae with

 indigenous, nursery fungi on a variety of different

 outplanting sites in southwestern Oregon. Climate, planting sites

 and nursery practices in the Pacific Northwest differ drastically

 from those in the southeastern United States,

 where P. tinctorius has increased plantation survival and

 growth. Before P. tinctorius can be recommended for nursery

 inoculation in the Pacific Northwest, its reaction to each

 phase of the nursery and planting process needs to be

 carefully analyzed to determine where the problems lie.

 

 

 217                              NAL Call. No.: SB193.F67 1983

 Plans for identifying Epichloe typhina free tall fescue in

 seed in Missouri. Garner, G.B.

 Corvallis, Or. : Oregon State University Extension Service; 1983.

 Proceedings, Forage & Turfgrass Endophyte Workshop : May 3-4, 1983,

 Nendel's Inn, Corvallis, Oregon. p. 97-98; 1983.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Missouri; Festuca arundinacea; Epichloe typhina;

 Seedborne fungi; Endophytes; Detection; Identification; Seed

 production; Seed certification

 

 

 218                                  NAL Call. No.: S605.5.O74

 Plant a low-maintenance lawn.

 Ferrara, M.

 Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Press, Inc; 1992 Feb.

 Organic gardening v. 39 (2): p. 46-51; 1992 Feb.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Zoysia; Festuca; Buchloe

 dactyloides; Pest resistance; Endophytes

 

 

 219                                     NAL Call. No.: 475 Ex7

 Plant growth stimulation by inoculation with symbiotic and

 associative rhizosphere microorganisms.

 Hoflich, G. \u Zentrum fur Agrarlandscafts- und

 Landnutzungsforschung, Muncheberg, Germany; Wiehe, W.; Kuhn, G.

 Basel, Switzerland : Verlag Birkhauser, 1945-; 1994 Oct.

 Experientia v. 50 (10): p. 897-905; 1994 Oct.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Leguminosae; Zea mays; Rhizobium; Mycorrhizal

 fungi; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil bacteria; Soil

 inoculation; Rhizosphere; Growth; Regulation; Literature

 reviews

 

 

 220                                   NAL Call. No.: SF601.C66

 Preconditioning for cow-calf producers: A marketing advantage or

 disadvantage?.

 Thornsbury, R.M.

 Trenton, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company; 1991 Mar. The

 Compendium on continuing education for the practicing

 veterinarian v. 13 (3): p. 495-498, 500-501; 1991 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Beef cattle; Calves; Compensatory growth;

 Respiratory diseases; Bovine respiratory syncytial virus; Calf

 feeding; Implantation; Zeranol; Sex hormones; Liveweight gain;

 Endophytes

 

 

 221                                   NAL Call. No.: SB129.P66

 

                                                                 

 NSUSB129.P66 Preliminary studies on the efficiency of

 endophytes in the biological control of the postharvest

 pathogens Monilinia laxa and Rhizopus stolonifer in stone

 fruit.

 Pratella, G.C.; Mari, M.; Guizzardi, M.; Folchi, A.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier Science B.V.; 1993 Dec.

 Postharvest biology and technology v. 3 (4): p. 361-368; 1993 Dec. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: ApRicots; Peaches; Plums; Nectarines; Postharvest

 decay; Rhizopus stolonifer; Monilinia laxa; Biological

 control; Species differences; Endophytes; Horticultural crops;

 Antagonists; Biological control agents

 

 

 222                                   NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82

 Pseudomonas fluorescens in association with fruit bodies of the

 ectomycorrhizal mushroom Cantharellus cibarius.

 Danell, E.; Alstrom, S.; Ternstrom, A.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press : 1989-; 1993 Sep.

 Mycological research v. 97 (pt.9): p.1148-1152; 1993 Sep. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sweden; Cabt; Cantharellus cibarius;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Hyphae; Interactions; Mushrooms; Ph;

 Pseudomonas fluorescens; Strains

 

 

 223                                   NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Rapid root tip and mycorrhiza formation and increased survival of

 Douglas-fir seedlings after soil transfer.

 Amaranthus, M.P.; Perry, D.A.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Sep.

 New forests v. 3 (3): p. 259-264; 1989 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Seedlings;

 Survival; Transplanting; Mycorrhizal fungi; Immunization;

 Soil; Roots; Biological development; Forest plantations;

 Afforestation

 

 

 224                                   NAL Call. No.: SB403.T46 A

 realistic look at mycorrhizae.

 Auge, R.M.

 Knoxville, Tenn. : Agricultural Extension Service, University of

 Tennessee, Institute of Agric; 1990 Jun.

 The Tennessee flower growers newsletter v. 4 (5): p. 2-3; 1990 Jun.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Greenhouse

 culture; Greenhouse crops; Growth rate

 

 225                                    NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6

 Reclamation effects on mycorrhizae and productive capacity of flue

 gas desulfurization sludge.

 Wilson, G.W.T.; Hetrick, B.A.D.; Schwab, A.P.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Oct.

 Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (4): p. 777-783; 1991 Oct. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Elymus elongatus; Festuca arundinacea;

 Revegetation plants; Sporobolus airoides; Medicago sativa;

 Schizachyrium scoparium; Glomus; Mycorrhizal fungi; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Reclamation; Revegetation; Scrubber sludge;

 Ponds; Biomass production; Fungal spores; Dry matter accumulation

 

 Abstract:  Ten years after portions of a dewatered flue-gas

 desulfurization sludge pond has been reclaimed by seeding and

 fertilizing, the productive capacity of reclaimed sites was higher

 than abandoned sites. Mycorrhizal symbiosis may be

 partly responsible for the increased productive capacity of the

 reclaimed sites, as indicated by the observation that the reclaimed

 sites had 2.4 times the number of mycorrhizal

 spores, 5.1 times the root colonization, and 2.2 to 28 times the

 inoculum potential of the abandoned sludge. In reclaimed sludge, 82

 to 100% of all plants became mycorrhizal compared with 30 to 67% of

 plants in abandoned sludge. Through

 regression analysis, it was predicted that the reclaimed

 sludge sites would have a greater productive capacity than the

 abandoned sludge sites, even if all plants were mycorrhizal. To

 determine whether these differences in productive capacity were

 caused by differences in inoculum level ecotypic

 variation in inocula, or host plant adaptation to the

 indigenous inoculum, inocula from an undisturbed soil, pot

 culture, and the sludges were compared on five host plants

 grown in the sludges and a prairie soil. While host, soil and

 mycorrhizal status (with or without mycorrhizae) did affect herbage

 yield, inoculum source did not. In undisturbed soil, reclaimed

 sludge, and abandoned sludge, mycorrhizal C3 plants were 7, 71, and

 90% larger, and C4 plants were 1300, 1100, and 600% larger than

 nonmycorrhizal plants, respectively. These studies demonstrate that

 reclamation efforts stimulate

 recovery and productive capacity of disturbed sites, and that

 mycorrhizal symbiosis is an integral component in site

 recovery from disturbance.

 

 

 226                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 M99

 Regulation of extracellular proteinase production in an

 ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma crustuliniforme.

 Zhu, H.; Dancik, B.P.; Higginbotham, K.O.

 Bronx : New York Botanical Garden, 1909-; 1994 Mar.

 Mycologia v. 86 (2): p. 227-234; 1994 Mar.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Hebeloma crustuliniforme; Ectomycorrhizas; Plant

 nutrition; Proteinases; Biosynthesis; Induction; Culture

 media; Ph; Ammonium; Glucose; Bovine serum albumin; Nutrient

 requirements; Mycelium; Growth; Enzyme activity

 

 

 227                                     NAL Call. No.: 475 EX7

 Regulation of mycorrhizal infection by hormonal factors

 produced by hosts and fungi.

 Gogala, N.

 Basel : Birkhauser; 1991 Apr15.

 Experientia v. 47 (4): p. 331-340; 1991 Apr15.  Literature

 review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plant nutrition; Plant growth regulators;

 Mycorrhizal fungi; Root exudates; Roots

 

 

 228                                    NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P

 Relationship between endophyte infestation level of tall

 fescue seed lots and Rhizoctonia zeae seedling disease.

 Gwinn, K.D.; Gavin, A.M.

 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992

 Sep. Plant disease v. 76 (9): p. 911-914; 1992 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Cultivars; Rhizoctonia;

 Strains; Fungal diseases; Acremonium coenophialum; Endophytes;

 Infestation; Seedlings; Survival; Incidence; Disease

 prevalence; Seeds

 

 

 229                                    NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Relationship between mycorrhizal activity, burning, and plant

 productivity in tallgrass prairie.

 Bentivenga, S.P.; Hetrick, B.A.D.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Dec.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69

 (12): p. 2597-2602; 1991 Dec.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Kansas; Andropogon gerardii; Sorghastrum nutans;

 Schizachyrium scoparium; Panicum virgatum; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth; Benomyl;

 Burning; Dry matter; Production; Prairies

 

 

 230                                    NAL Call. No.: S590.C63

 Relationship between mycorrhizal dependency and rate variables

 associated with P uptake, utilization and growth.

 Manjunath, A.; Habte, M.

 New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.

 Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22

 (13/14): p. 1423-1437; 1991.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Sesbania; Sesbania grandiflora; Leucaena;

 Leucaena leucocephala; Brassica nigra; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Soil inoculation; Glomus aggregatum; Oxisols;

 Phosphorus; Nutrient content; Nutrient uptake; Nutrient

 transport; Growth rate; Greenhouse culture; Sampling; Roots; Plant

 morphology; Colonization; Shoots; Use efficiency

 

 

 231                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 A

 relationship between plant growth and increasing VA

 mycorrhizal inoculum density.

 Clapperton, M.J.; Reid, D.M.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Apr.

 The New phytologist v. 120 (4): p. 227-234; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Alberta; Phleum pratense; Elymus trachycaulus; Glomus

 fasciculatum; Glomus macrocarpum; Glomus microcarpum; Glomus

 mosseae; Gigaspora; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Inoculum

 density; Symbiosis; Growth

 

 

 232                                  NAL Call. No.: S542.A8A34

 Relevance of V-A mycorrhizal system in increasing crop

 productivity in legume crops.

 Jalahi, B.L.

 Canberra : Australian Centre for International Agricultural

 Research; 1987. ACIAR proceedings series (18): p. 260; 1987.  In

 the series analytic: Food legume improvement for Asian

 farming systems / edited by E.S. Wallis and D.E. Byth.

 Proceedings of international workshop held on September 1-5, 1986,

 Khon Kaen, Thailand.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: India; Leguminosae; Pulses; Mycorrhizal fungi; Glomus;

 Fusarium; Rhizoctonia; Endophytes; Rock phosphate;

 Shoots; Roots

 

 

 233                                   NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59

 Renovation of Acremonium coenophialum infected tall fescue

 pastures using annual forage rotations.

 Munson, R.E.; Bailey, W.C.

 Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991.

 Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p.

 191-193; 1991.  Meeting held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia,

 Missouri.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Pastures; Endophytes;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Rotations; Grassland management

 

 

 234                                    NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41

 Renovation of endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum)-infected

 tall fescue) Festuca arundinaceae) pastures with herbcides.

 Defelice, M.S.; Henning, J.C.

 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1990 Nov. Weed

 science v. 38 (6): p. 628-633; 1990 Nov.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Pastures; Crop establishment; Glyphosate;

 Paraquat; Sethoxydim; Application date; Timing; Application rates;

 Plant disease control; Cultural control

 

 Abstract:  Fall, spring, or late-summer applications of

 glyphosate, paraquat, sethoxydim, and HOE-39866 were

 investigated in field trials for no-tillage renovation of

 endophyte fungus-infected tall fescue pastures. Only spring or

 late-summer applications of glyphosate at 1.68 and 2.52 kg ae ha-1

 consistently provided greater than 80% visual tall fescue control.

 However, none of the herbicide treatments

 significantly reduced final percent endophyte fungus infection

 levels after the pasture was reestablished. High final

 infection levels were due to regrowth from underground

 rhizomes of old tall fescue sod that survived the herbicide

 treatments.

 

 

 235                                    NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4

 Replanting endophyte infected fescue pastures with low

 endophyte seed. Hoveland, C.S.

 Macon, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; 1987 Aug.

 Georgia cattleman v. 15 (8): p. 80-81; 1987 Aug.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca; Acremonium; Seed pathology

 

 

 236                              NAL Call. No.: SB193.F67 1983

 Requirements for labeling endophyte tested seed in Oregon.

 Moose, G.H.

 Corvallis, Or. : Oregon State University Extension Service; 1983.

 Proceedings, Forage & Turfgrass Endophyte Workshop : May 3-4, 1983,

 Nendel's Inn, Corvallis, Oregon. p. 87; 1983.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Festuca arundinacea; Seedborne fungi;

 Endophytes; Labeling; Seed certification

 

 

 237                                      NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6

 Response of mycorrhizal bell peppers to inoculation timing,

 phosphorus, and water stress.

 Waterer, D.R.; Coltman, R.R.

 Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1989

 Aug. HortScience v. 24 (4): p. 688-690; 1989 Aug. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Capsicum annuum; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizae; Glomus; Inoculation; Timing; Crop yield;

 Phosphorus; Nutrient availability; Soil solution; Water

 availability; Water stress

 

 

 238                                   NAL Call. No.: 100 K41PR

 Response to stressful and nonstressful temperatures by steers

 consuming high and low endophyte fescue diets.

 Smith, L.; Gay, N.; Boling, J.A.; Smith, A.; Muntifering, R.;

 Schillo, K. Lexington, Ky. : The Station; 1985 Nov.

 Progress report - Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station

 (291): p. 24; 1985 Nov.  Documents available from Agriculture

 Library, Agricultural Science Center - North, University of

 Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091. In the series analytic: 1985

 beef cattle research report.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Steers; Feeding; Festuca arundinacea; Heat stress

 

 

 239                                    NAL Call. No.: 56.8 AU7

 Revegetation in an iron-ore mine--nutrient requirements for plant

 growth and the potential role of vesicular-arbuscular (VA)

 Mycorrhizal fungi. Jasper, D.A.; Robson, A.D.; Abbott, L.K. East

 Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial

 Research Organization; 1988.

 Australian journal of soil research v. 26 (3): p. 497-507;

 1988.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Western australia; Trifolium subterraneum; Acacia

 aneura; Species; Mined land; Iron ore; Revegetation; Nutrient

 requirements; Growth; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae;

 Infectivity; Phosphorus fertilizers

 

 240                                  NAL Call. No.: S539.5.A77 A

 review of the agronomic characteristics of endophyte-free and

 endophyte-infected tall fescue.

 Pedersen, J.F.; Lacefield, G.D.; Ball, D.M.

 New York, N.Y. : Springer; 1990.

 Applied agricultural research v. 5 (3): p. 188-194; 1990. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium; Endophytes;

 Agronomic characteristics; Grassland management; Crop quality; Crop

 yield; Forage

 

 Abstract:  Agronomic differences between endophyte-

 (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan Jones and Gams) free and

 endophyte-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) exist,

 and should be considered when implementing a management strategy.

 Although dry matter yield of tall fescue does not generally appear

 to be influenced by endophyte infection

 status, endophyte infection has been shown to improve seedling

 performance and survival, is associated with insect and

 nematode resistance, drought resistance, improved nitrogen

 assimilation, and higher seed set. Considering all

 biologically valuable characters of the endophyte-tall fescue

 relationship, survival of endophyte-infected tall fescue is

 probably better than that of endophyte-free tall fescue,

 especially in drought- or heat-stressed environments. Despite

 problems which growers have reported in establishing stands of

 endophyte-free tall fescue varieties, there is still a decided

 advantage to seeding endophyte-free tall fescue because of

 improved livestock performance. However, greater attention to

 management is needed, particularly during the establishment year.

 Good seedbed preparation, including fertility

 improvements, should be stressed for endophyte-free tall

 fescue. Since endophyte-free tall fescue seedlings are not as

 vigorous as endophyte-infected tall fescue seedlings, using other

 grasses as nurse crops, or seeding with clovers, is not recommended

 when establishing new stands. Environmental or

 imposed stress on newly established endophyte-free tall fescue

 stands should be avoided by selecting optimum planting dates, and

 limiting livestock access. Top growth should not be grazed or

 clipped shorter than 3-4 in. (7-10 cm) during the first

 year of growth.

 

 

 241                                 NAL Call. No.: QK898.N6N52

 Rhizobia-mycorrhiza inoculation and N-P fertilization of

 gliricidia in a degraded upland area.

 Manguiat, I.J.; Padilla, V.M.; Mendoza, D.M.; Perez, A.M.

 Bangkok, Thailand : Thailand Institute of Scientific and

 Technological Research; 1990 Aug.

 Nitrogen fixing tree research reports v. 8: p. 140-142; 1990 Aug. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Philippines; Gliricidia; Rhizobium; Glomus

 mosseae; Gigaspora; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Biomass

 production; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers;

 Nitrogen fixing trees

 

 

 242                                    NAL Call. No.: SB13.A27 Role

 and use of mycorrhizas in horticultural crop production.

 Gianinazzi, S.; Trouvelot, A.; Gianinazzi-Pearson, V.

 Firenze, Italy : Department of Horticulture, University of

 Florence; 1990. Advances in horticultural science v. 4 (1): p.

 25-30. ill; 1990.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Horticultural crops; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Crop production; Plant nutrition; Symbiosis;

 Micropropagation; Inoculum; Inoculation methods; Mycorrhizal fungi;

 Soil fungi

 

 

 243                                 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 The

 role of mycorrhizal fungi and non-mycorrhizal micro-

 organisms in iron nutrition of citrus.

 Treeby, M.T.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Sep.

 Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (9): p. 857-864; 1992 Sep. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Citrus jambhiri; Poncirus trifoliata; Rootstocks;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Plant nutrition; Iron; Soil

 acidity; Soil alkalinity; Nutrient availability; Colonization;

 Growth analysis; Roots; Plant morphology; Root systems; Dry matter

 accumulation; Nutrient content; Shoots; Nutrient uptake

 

 Abstract:  Two citrus rootstocks differing in mycorrhizal

 dependence and lime tolerance, rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.)

 and trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], were grown

 in either an acidic (pH 6.3) potting mix or an

 alkaline-calcareous (pH 8.1) potting mix. Both potting mixes were

 autoclaved, fertilized and either inoculated with non-

 mycorrhizal micro-organisms only or inoculated with

 mycorrhizal fungi and non-mycorrhizal micro-organisms. Growth of

 both rootstocks was not increased significantly in either potting

 mix by VAM fungi. Colonization of the roots by

 mycorrhizal fungi was more pronounced in the more mycorrhiza-

 dependent lime-tolerant rough lemon and was lower in both

 rootstocks in the alkaline-calcareous potting mix than in the

 acidic potting mix. Root morphology was altered in the acidic

 potting mix by inoculation with VAM fungi such that root

 systems were more branched. The inclusion of mycorrhizal fungi in

 the inoculum increased shoot Fe concentrations alone in

 comparison to inoculation with non-mycorrhizal micro-organisms

 suggesting a role for mycorrhiza in host Fe nutrition in

 acidic conditions. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi in the

 alkaline-calcareous potting mix had no effect on shoot Fe

 concentrations. In this potting mix mycorrhizal fungi greatly

 increased the supply of P to host plant shoots. The data

 indicate that VAM fungi may increase the supply of Fe to host plant

 shoots in an acidic environment, but not in an alkaline situation.

 The data do not indicate unequivocally whether this effect in the

 acid potting mix is due to the direct

 involvement of the endophyte in Fe uptake and supply to the host or

 an indirect-effect of a change in root growth habit.

 

 

 244                                    NAL Call. No.: QL750.O3 Role

 of mycorrhizal infection in the growth and reproduction of wild vs.

 cultivated plants. II. Eight wild accessions and two cultivars of

 Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

 Bryla, D.R.; Koide, R.T.

 Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer International; 1990.

 Oecologia v. 84 (1): p. 82-92; 1990.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lycopersicon esculentum; Growth; Reproduction;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Cultivars; Phosphorus;

 Glomus etunicatum; Plant nutrition

 

 

 245                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 The

 role of proteins in the nitrogen nutrition of

 ectomycorrhizal plants. V. Nitrogen transfer in birch (Betula

 pendula) grown in association with mycorrhizal and non-

 mycorrhizal fungi.

 Abuzinadah, R.A.; Read, D.J.

 New York, N.Y. : Cambridge University Press; 1989 May.

 The New phytologist v. 112 (1): p. 61-68; 1989 May.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Betula pendula; Agaricaceae; Ectomycorrhizae;

 Nitrogen metabolism; Nitrogen content; Nitrogen assimilation;

 Translocation; Growth rate

 

 

 246                              NAL Call. No.: S592.17.A73A74 Role

 of VAM fungi in nutrient uptake and growth of clusterbean in an

 arid soil.

 Rao, A.V.; Tarafdar, J.C.

 New York : Taylor & Francis,; 1993 Jul.

 Arid soil research and rehabilitation v. 7 (3): p. 275-280; 1993

 Jul. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Cyamopsis tetragonoloba; Glomus; Gigaspora;

 Species; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Phosphorus;

 Nutrient availability; Nodulation; Nitrogenase; Enzyme

 activity; Colonization; Roots; Phosphoric monoester

 hydrolases; Soil enzymes; Fungal spores; Rhizosphere; Nutrient

 uptake; Dry matter accumulation; Crop yield; Grain

 

 

 247                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 P692 Root

 respiration and growth in Plantago major as affected by vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizal infection.

 Baas, R.; Werf, A. van der; Lambers, H.

 Rockville, Md. : American Society of Plant Physiologists; 1989 Sep.

 Plant physiology v. 91 (1): p. 227-232; 1989 Sep. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plantago major ssp. pleiosperma; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizae; Glomus fasciculatus; Infection;

 Phosphorus; Application; Roots; Respiration; Dry matter

 accumulation; Growth rate; Leaf area ratio; Nitrogen uptake;

 Phosphorus uptake

 

 Abstract:  Effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM)

 infection and P on root respiration and dry matter allocation were

 studied in Plantago major L. ssp. pleiosperma (Pilger). By applying

 P, the relative growth rate of non-VAM contols and plants colonized

 by Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxt. sensu

 Gerdemann) Gerdemann and Trappe was increased to a similar

 extent (55-67%). However, leaf area ratio was increased more and

 net assimilation rate per unit leaf area was increased

 less by VAM infection than bny P addition. The lower net

 assimilation rate could be related to a 20 to 30% higher root

 respiration rate per unit leaf area of VAM plants. Root

 respiration per unit dry matter and specific net uptake rates of N

 and P were increased more byVAM infection than by P

 addition. Neither the contribution of the alternative

 respiratory path nor the relative growth rate could account for the

 differences in root respiration rate between VAM and non-VAM

 plants. It was estimated that increased fungal

 respiration (87%) and ion uptake rate (13%) contributed to the

 higher respiratory activity of VAM roots of P. major.

 

 

 248                                   NAL Call. No.: QH540.S64 Root

 system demography and production in forest ecosystems. Fogel, R. \u

 University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI Oxford, [England]

 ; Boston, [Mass.] : Blackwell Scientific

 Publications, 1982-; 1991.

 Special publication ... of the British Ecological Society

 (10): p. 89-101; 1991.  In the series analytic: Plant root

 growth: An ecological perspective / edited by D. Atkinson. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Roots; Root systems; Demography; Growth; Forests; Core

 sampling; Forest soils; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas;

 Ectomycorrhizas

 

 

 249                                      NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6 Root

 turnover and production in forest trees.

 Fogel, R.

 Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1990

 Mar. HortScience v. 25 (3): p. 270-273; 1990 Mar.  Paper presented

 at the "Colloguium on Woody Plant Root Physiology, Growth, and

 Development," August 11, 1988, East Lansing,

 Michigan.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Forest trees; Root systems; Productive life;

 Ectomycorrhizae; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Biomass

 accumulation; Measurement; Quantitative techniques

 

 

 250                                     NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82

 Rooting and establishment of in vitro blueberry plantlets in the

 presence of mycorrhizal fungi.

 Lareau, M.J.

 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1985

 May. Acta horticulturae (165): p. 197-201; 1985 May. 

 Paper presented at the "Third International Symposium on

 Vaccinium Culture," July 24-28, 1984, Warsaw, Poland. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vaccinium corymbosum; Shoot cuttings;

 Micropropagation; In vitro; Rooting; Mycorrhizal fungi

 

 

 251                          NAL Call. No.: CoFSQK918.H36 1991

 Russian knapweed interference with corn VA mycorrhiza, western

 wheatgrass, and smooth brome.

 Hanson, D. Eric

 1991; 1991.

 xiv, 107 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.  Includes bibliographical

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal

 plants; Russian knapweed; Wheat grasses; Bromegrasses; Corn

 

 

 252                                   NAL Call. No.: S596.7.D4

 Screening perennial rye-grass from New Zealand for aluminium

 tolerance. Wheeler, D.M.; Edmeades, D.C.; Smith, D.R.;

 Wedderburn, M.E. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1993.

 Developments in plant and soil sciences v. 50: p. 23-33; 1993.  In

 the series analytic: Genetic aspects of plant mineral

 nutrition / edited by P.J. Randall, E. Delhaize, R.A. Richards and

 R. Munns.  Paper presented at the Fourth International

 Symposium, September 30-October 4, 1991, Canberra, Australia.

 Previously published in Plant and Soil, v. 146, 1992. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: New Zealand; Cabt; Lolium perenne; Plant

 breeding; Line differences; Screening; Metal tolerance;

 Aluminum; Heritability; Phytotoxicity; Crop yield; Acid soils;

 Elites

 

 Abstract:  Approximately 11,500 seedlings from 510 lines of

 perennial rye-grass (Lolium perenne L.) were screened for

 tolerance to aluminium Al) using a low ionic strength 'still'

 solution culture technique. Although none of the individual lines

 were consistently more tolerant than any other line, 23 individual

 plants were selected from 13 lines for superior

 vigour and colour in the presence of Al. The growth of three of

 these elite plants was examined on a reconstructed acid

 soil profile protected from prevailing weather conditions

 allowing control of the moisture status of the soil. The

 plants selected for Al tolerance in solution culture had

 significantly higher yields before drought and after recovery from

 drought than the rye-grass cultivars Ariki, Ellett and

 Droughtmaster and 4 other hill country lines which were

 previously selected for high yields in the presence and

 absence of nitrogen, and for drought and grassgrub resistance. Of

 the total number of plants tested from all cultivars and lines, <2%

 had yields that were greater than one third of the yields of the 3

 Al tolerant plants. The better performance of the Al tolerant

 plants is attributed to better root growth in the acid soil. Three

 polycrosses were made from the 23 Al

 tolerant plants selected in solution culture. When tested in

 solution culture, the yields of the half-sib families in the

 presence of Al averaged approximately twice that of Grasslands Nui

 in one experiment, but were similar to Grasslands Nui in another.

 Heritability of total yield and relative yield in the presence of

 Al, calculated from half-sib measurements on a

 single replicate basis, averaged 0.33 and 0.24 respectively.

 Individual plants from the half-sib families from two

 polycrosses were grown in a nursery and heading date and

 vigour recorded. There were no significant differences in

 heading data between the polycross lines and either of the

 cultivars Grasslands Nui or Yatsyn. Although there were

 significant differences in spring vigour between lines, they were

 not significantly different from either Grassiands Nui or Yatsyn.

 Twelve of the polycross lines showed decreased vigour in summer and

 autumn. This decline in vigour was attributed to damage from

 Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis) as a consequence of

 low levels of lolium endophyte (Acremonoim lolii).

 

 

 253                                   NAL Call. No.: 464.8 P56

 Seasonal incidence of fungi in symptomless cranberry leaves and

 fruit treated with fungicides during bloom.

 Jeffers, S.N.

 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1991

 Jun. Phytopathology v. 81 (6): p. 636-644; 1991 Jun.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Wisconsin; Vaccinium macrocarpon; Leaves; Fruits;

 Endophytes; Storage decay; Captafol; Chlorothalonil; Mancozeb;

 Plant pathogenic fungi; Population density; Seasonal

 variation; Incidence; Application date; Timing

 

 Abstract:  In 1987 and 1988, leaves and fruit were collected at 2-

 wk intervals for 20 wk from replicated plots at two

 commercial cranberry (cultivar Searles) marshes in central

 Wisconsin. Leaves were collected from budbreak, and berries were

 collected from 8 and 6 wk after budbreak in 1987 and

 1988, respectively, until harvest. Beginning during bloom,

 captafol, chlorothalonil, and mancozeb were applied to plots three

 times at 14-day intervals to manage postharvest storage rots.

 Control plots received no fungicide. Fungi were isolated from

 surface-disinfested, symptomless leaves and berries on all sampling

 dates in both years. In all, 33 genera or species of fungi were

 identified. Of these, only seven were known

 pathogens (Apostrasseria lunata, Botryosphaeria vaccinii,

 Glomerella cingulata, Godronia cassandrae, two morphologically

 distinct types of Physalospora vaccinii, Phytophthora sp., and

 Pyrenobotrys compacta), and three were possible pathogens. B.

 vaccinii and P. vaccinii were recovered most frequently and

 consistently. The proportion of leaves or berries from which fungi

 were isolated (i.e., incidence) increased as the season progressed.

 Although there was no significant difference among fungicide

 treatments in seasonal incidences of fungi from

 either leaves or berries, fungicides delayed the time, by 2-6 wk,

 at which incidences began to increase in both leaves and berries

 compared with untreated controls. By the end of the season,

 fungicides had reduced the number of fungus colonies and the

 incidence of B. vaccinii from berries in both years and the number

 of fungus colonies from leaves in 1987;

 however, final incidences of P. vaccinii (either type),

 Alternaria, and miscellaneous other fungi were not affected.

 Incidences of most fungi began increasing in both treated and

 untreated leaves and berries at 10-12 wk after budbreak, after the

 last fungicide application had been made, and continued to increase

 up to harvest.

 

 

 254                                   NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883 Seed

 production in tall fescue as affected by fungal

 endophyte. Rice, J.S.; Pinkerton, B.W.; Stringer, W.C.;

 Undersander, D.J. Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of

 America; 1990 Nov. Crop science v. 30 (6): p. 1303-1305; 1990 Nov. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Genotypes; Endophytes;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Infections; Crop yield; Seeds; Seed

 weight; Yield components

 

 Abstract:  Relative seed yields should be an important measure of

 the effects of the endophytic fungus Acremonium

 coenophialum Morgan-Jones & Gams on relative fitness in tall fescue

 (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Two field experiments were conducted

 on Cecil sandy-loam soils (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic

 Kanhapuldults) to investigate the effects of

 endophyte infection on seed production and associated traits. The

 studies used endophyte-infected and uninfected clones of the same

 plant genotypes. In Exp. I and II, endophyte

 infection resulted in 79 and 32% more total seed by weight, 60 and

 33% more seeds per plant, 20 and 34% more panicles per

 plant, and 32 and 4% more seeds per panicle, respectively. The 300-

 seed wt. was greater for infected plants in Exp. I but not in Exp.

 II. Plant genotype X fungal status interactions

 occurred for all traits except for seeds per plant and seeds per

 panicle in Exp. II. These interactions occurred largely because the

 effect of the endophyte varied from no or small increases to

 significant increases in trait expression for

 different plant genotypes. The results indicate that

 endophyte-infected tall fescue plants have much higher

 relative fitness for seed production than uninfected plants.

 Populations with low fungal incidence could rapidly shift

 toward high levels of infestation during seed increase or in

 pastures when seed production is allowed, leading to

 establishment of volunteer plants.

 

 255                                   NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48 Seed

 source and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiont

 affects growth of Juglans nigra seedlings.

 Dixon, R.K.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1988.

 New forests v. 2 (3): p. 203-211; 1988.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Juglans nigra; Seedlings; Glomus; Glomus

 etunicatus; Gigaspora margarita; Mycorrhizal fungi; Symbionts;

 Growth; Roots; Colonizing ability

 

 

 256                                   NAL Call. No.: QH540.F85

 Seedling establishment near large plants: effects of

 vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas on the intensity of plant

 competition.

 Eissenstat, D.M.; Newman, E.I.

 Oxford, U.K. : British Ecological Society; 1990.

 Functional ecology v. 4 (1): p. 95-99; 1990.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plantago lanceolata; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Plant competition; Seedlings; Establishment;

 Nutrient uptake; Nutrient availability; Phosphates; Shoots; Biomass

 production; Nitrogen content; Nutrient content;

 Mineral content

 

 

 257                                   NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48

 Seedling growth and ectomycorrhizal colonization of Pinus

 patula and P. radiata inoculated with spores of Helvella

 lacunosa, Russula brevipes or Lycoperdon perlatum.

 Martinez-Amores, E.; Valdes, M.; Quintos, M.

 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1990-1991.

 New forests v. 4 (4): p. 237-245; 1990-1991.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Pinus patula; Pinus radiata; Container grown

 plants; Seedlings; Soil inoculation; Spores; Helvella;

 Lycoperdon; Russula; Ectomycorrhizas; Application rates;

 Colonizing ability; Growth rate; Age of trees

 

 Abstract:  Seedling growth and ectomycorrhizal colonization of

 Pinus radiata and P. patula seedlings growing in nursery

 containers with two application rates of spores of 3 different

 ectomycorrhizal fungi, Helvella lactunosa, Russula brevipes and

 Lycoperdon perlatum, was evaluated at 5 and 12 months. At 5 months

 of growth P. patula was less susceptible than P.

 radiata to colonization by fungi and percentage of

 ectomycorrhizal feeder roots was lower in all treatments.

 Growth response (either volume or top dry weight) to

 treatments was different among pines species. A significant

 seedling growth response was observed after 5 months in both pine

 species with the double rate of spores of either H.

 lactunosa or L. perlatum; this response was sustained in P. patula

 at 12 months with Helvella only. P. radiata seedlings inoculated

 with the double rate of spores of R. brevipes

 showed a significant growth response at 12 months.

 

 

 258                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Selective interactions between different species of

 mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium meliloti strains, and their effects

 on growth, N2-fixation (15N) and nutrition of Medicago sativa L.

 Azcon, R.; Rubio, R.; Barea, J.M.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Mar.

 The New phytologist v. 117 (3): p. 399-404; 1991 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Medicago sativa; Rhizobium meliloti; Mycorrhizas;

 Glomus mosseae; Glomus fasciculatum; Glomus caledonium; Plant

 nutrition; Growth; Nitrogen fixation; Modulation; Nutrient

 uptake

 

 

 259                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P Soil

 fumigation within monoculture and rotations: response of corn and

 mycorrhizae.

 Jawson, M.D.; Franzleubbers, A.J.; Galusha, D.K.; Aiken, R.M.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993

 Nov. Agronomy journal v. 85 (6): p. 1174-1180; 1993 Nov. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nebraska; Cabt; Zea mays; Monoculture; Rotations;

 Disease control; Soil fumigation; Methyl bromide; Rhizosphere;

 Microorganisms; Grain crops; Crop yield; Plant height; Plant

 composition; Soil chemistry; Phosphorus; Nitrogen content;

 Mycorrhizas; Infection; Soil biology; Biomass; Yield

 increases; Silt loam soils; Clay loam soils

 

 Abstract:  The causative factors for corn (Zea mays L.)

 response to methyl bromide (CH3Br) fumigation, in the absence of

 known specific pathogens, are unknown. This study was

 conducted to determine if deleterious nonspecific rhizosphere

 microorganisms are the causative agents. Soil fumigation was

 postulated to increase yield of continuous corn but to have less

 effect on the yield of corn grown in rotation, because more

 deleterious rhizosphere microorganisms were suspected in

 monoculture than in rotation. The effects of fumigation and crop

 rotation on corn grain yield, plant height and P content, available

 soil N and P, mycorrhizal infection, and soil

 microbial biomass were investigated at two sites near Mead, NE, on

 a Sharpsburg silty clay loam soil (fine,

 montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll). Methyl bromide

 treatments were applied prior to planting for 4 yr at one site and

 2 yr at the other site. The sites differed in

 fertilization, pest management, and crop sequences, but both

 contained continuous corn. Fumigation resulted in an increase in

 grain yield under monoculture only once in six site years.

 Unexpectedly, however, fumigation resulted in a decrease in grain

 yield under rotation in 7 of 12 observations. Plants in fumigated

 soil were P-deficient early in the growing season despite similar

 soil test P concentrations in control and

 fumigated plots. Fumigation reduced mycorrhizal infection and soil

 microbial biomass. Mycorrhizal infection of corn shortly after

 germination appears to be important to initial corn

 growth in this soil. Fumigating soil revealed a considerable

 biological influence on corn growth and yield by reducing both

 deleterious and beneficial microorganisms.

 

 

 260                                   NAL Call. No.: SD143.S64 Soil

 organisms, root growth and forest regeneration.

 Amaranthus, M.P.; Molina, R.; Perry, D.A.

 Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1990.

 Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National

 Convention. p. 89-93; 1990.  Paper presented at a meeting on

 "Forestry on the Frontier," Sept 24-27, 1989, Spokane,

 Washington.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Soil flora; Soil fauna; Rhizosphere; Mycorrhizas;

 Regeneration; Forestry

 

 

 261                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P Soil

 potassium distribution in grazed K-31 tall fescue

 pastures as affected by fertilization and endophytic fungus

 infection level.

 Wilkinson, S.R.; Stuedemann, J.A.; Belesky, D.P.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 May.

 Agronomy journal v. 81 (3): p. 508-512. ill; 1989 May. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Steers; Festuca arundinacea; Grazing lands;

 Endophytes; Acremonium; Infection; Fertilizer application;

 Soil fertility; Potassium; Grazing effects; Animal behavior; Cattle

 manure

 

 Abstract:  Fertilizer requirements of grazed pastures may be

 influenced by the spatial distribution of nutrients in animals

 excreta. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of

 two levels of fertilization and endophytic fungus

 (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones et Gams) infection of

 Kentucky-31 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb) on the

 lateral and vertical distribution of soil K after 3 yr of

 grazing. Each pasture consisted of 0.7 ha of a Cecil sandy

 clay loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludult,) and was

 grazed using the put-and-take method. Forage was removed only by

 grazing. Endophytic fungus levels were 20% (Low

 endophytic fungus, LE) and 52% (high endophytic fungus HE), and

 fertilizer rates were 134-15-56 kg N-P-K (Low fertilizer LF), and

 336-37-139 kg N-P-K ha-1 yr (high fertilizer HF) in a 2X2 factorial

 replicated twice in a randomized block design. Each pasture was

 divided into 12 zones with each zone sampled separately to a depth

 of 122 cm before the grazing experiment began and then annually for

 3 yr. Potassium did not accumulate in the majority of the pasture

 area at either fertility level except near the waterer, mineral

 feeder, and shade. Potassium accumulation rates in this area,

 determined by linear

 regression, were 7, 23, 23, and 46 kg K yr-1 for LELF, LEHF, HELF,

 HEHF treatments, respectively. These amounts were

 equivalent to 18, 24, 59, and 47% of the fertilizer K applied to

 the 0.7 ha pastures for the LELF, LEHF, HELF, and HEHF

 treatments, respectively. This accumulation was a result of animal

 grazing and resting behavior. Much of K accumulated

 below 15 cm. Transfer of K by grazing steers to camping zones and

 subsequent leaching increased with fertility level and

 endophyte infection level. This redistribution reduces

 effectiveness of K recycling under grazing, and increases

 fertilizer K requirements in non-camping zones.

 

 

 262                                   NAL Call. No.: 448.3 Ap5

 Stimulation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by

 mycotrophic and nonmycotrophic plant root systems.

 Schreiner, R.P.; Koide, R.T.

 Washington : American Society for Microbiology; 1993 Aug.

 Applied and environmental microbiology v. 59 (8): p.

 2750-2752; 1993 Aug. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Brassica kaber; Brassica nigra; Beta vulgaris; Daucus

 carota; Glomus etunicatum; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Spore germination; Hyphae; Growth; Regulation; Root

 systems; Roots; Genetic transformation; Plant disorders;

 Agrobacterium rhizogenes

 

 Abstract:  Transformed root cultures of three nonmycotrophic and

 one mycotrophic plant species stimulated germination and hyphal

 growth of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus

 etunicatum (Becker & Gerd.) in a gel medium. However, only roots of

 the mycotrophic species (carrot) supported

 continued hyphal exploration after 3 to 4 weeks and promoted

 appressoria formation by G. etunicatum.

 

 

 263                                  NAL Call. No.: SF207.B442

 Strategies for overcoming endophyte-infected fescue.

 Bowman, J.G.P.

 Wooster, Ohio : The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural

 Research and Development Center; 1990 Mar.

 Ohio beef cattle research & industry report (90-2): p.

 155-159; 1990 Mar. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Alabama; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Disease

 control; Grassland management; Beef cattle; Forage; Pasture plants;

 Toxicity

 

 

 264                                    NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C

 Studies on Cenococcum geophilum. II. Sclerotium morphology,

 germination, and formation in pure culture and growth pouches.

 Massicotte, H.B.; Trappe, J.M.; Peterson, R.L.; Melville, L.H.

 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Jan.

 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 70

 (1): p. 125-132; 1992 Jan.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Oregon; Cenococcum geophilum; Sclerotia;

 Germination; Ontogeny; Growth; Fungal morphology; Hyphae;

 Plant anatomy; Ultrastructure; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi

 

 

 265                                    NAL Call. No.: SD143.N6

 Survival and development of VAM containerized yellow-poplar

 seedlings. Hay, R.L.; Rennie, J.C.; Ford, V.L.

 Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1989 Mar.

 Northern journal of applied forestry v. 6 (1): p. 20-22; 1989 Mar. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Liriodendron tulipifera; Seedlings; Inoculation;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Glomus fasciculatus; Glomus

 mosseae; Container grown plants; Survival; Survival; Stand

 establishment; Site factors

 

 

 266                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 AU72

 Survival growth of seedlings of coachwood (Ceratopetalum

 apetalum): effects of shade, mycorrhizas and a companion

 plant.

 McGee, P.A.

 East Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial

 Research Organization; 1990.

 Australian journal of botany v. 38 (6): p. 583-592. ill; 1990. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Cunoniaceae; Glomus mosseae; Trifolium pratense;

 Seedlings; Growth; Symbiosis; Phosphates; Shade; Companion

 crops

 

 

 267                                    NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P

 Survival of the tall fescue endophyte in the digestive tract of

 cattle and horses.

 Shelby, R.A.; Schmidt, S.P.

 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1991

 Aug. Plant disease v. 75 (8): p. 776-778; 1991 Aug.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Cattle; Horses; Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium

 coenophialum; Endophytes; Life cycle; Mycotoxins;

 Mycotoxicoses; Animal disorders; Poisoning; Spread; Spatial

 distribution; Plant introduction; Pastures; Seeds; Vectors; Feed

 intake; Digestive tract; Cattle dung; Horse dung;

 Detection; Viability; Grazing behavior; Quarantine

 

 

 268                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 P565

 Synergistic effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas and

 Azotobacter chroococcum on the growth and the nutrient

 contents of tomato plants. El-Shanshoury, A.R.; Hassan, M.A.;

 Abdel-Ghaffar, B.A.

 Horn : Ferdinandum Berger & Fil; 1989.

 Phyton : annales rei botanicae v. 29 (2): p. 203-212; 1989. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lycopersicon esculentum; Glomus fasciculatum;

 Azotobacter chroococcum; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas;

 Synergism; Roots; Infections; Shoots; Dry matter accumulation;

 Nutrient uptake; Nutrient content; Nitrogen content; Inorganic

 phosphorus

 

 

 269                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Synergistic effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and

 diazotrophic bacteria on nutrition an growth of sweet

 potato (Ipomoea batatas). Paula, M.A.; Urquiaga, S.; Siqueira,

 J.O.; Dobereiner, J. Berlin : Springer International; 1992. Biology

 and fertility of soils v. 14 (1): p. 61-66. ill; 1992.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ipomoea batatas; Soil inoculation; Acetobacter; Glomus

 clarum; Klebsiella; Plant nutrition; Growth; Synergism; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas

 

 270                               NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M68EXT The

 tall fescue endophyte.

 Ball, D.; Lacefield, G.; Hoveland, C.S.

 State College, Miss. : The Service; 1991 Aug.

 Publication - Cooperative Extension Service, Mississippi State

 University (1789): 5 p.; 1991 Aug.  In Subseries: Southern

 Regional Beef Management Handbook SR5007.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Southern states of U.S.A.; Festuca arundinacea;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Grazing effects; Pastures; Mycoses;

 Livestock; Animal diseases

 

 

 271                                NAL Call. No.: S544.3.V8V52 The

 tall fescue endophyte.

 Ball, D.; Lacefield, G.; Hoveland, C.S.

 Blacksburg, Va. : Extension Division, Virginia Polytechnic

 Institute and State University; 1991.

 Publication - Virginia Cooperative Extension Service

 (400-056): 5 p.; 1991.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium coenophialum;

 Livestock; Grazing; Mycoses; Disease prevention; Grassland

 management

 

 

 272                                    NAL Call. No.: 470 SCI2

 Taxol and taxane production by Taxomyces andreanae, an

 endophytic fungus of Pacific yew.

 Stierle, A.; Strobel, G.; Stierle, D.

 Washington, D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of

 Science; 1993 Apr09.

 Science v. 260 (5105): p. 214-216; 1993 Apr09.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Taxus; Fungi; Plant extracts; Triterpenoids;

 Antineoplastic agents

 

 Abstract:  Taxomyces andreanae, a fungal endophyte, was

 isolated from the phloem (inner bark) of the Pacific yew,

 Taxus brevifolia. The fungus is hyphomyceteous and, when grown in

 a semi-synthetic liquid medium, produced taxol and related

 compounds. Taxol was identified by mass spectrometry,

 chromatography, and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies

 specific for taxol. Both [1-(14)C]acetic acid and L-[U-

 (14)C]phenylalanine served as precursors of [(14)C]taxol in fungal

 cultures. No taxol was detected in zero-time cultures or in the

 small agar plugs used to inoculate the culture

 flasks.

 

 

 273                                    NAL Call. No.: TP368.J6

 Technical note: determination of protein in edible mushroom

 (Boletus spp.). Pecora, R.P.

 Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1989 Apr.

 International journal of food science and technology v. 24

 (2): p. 207-210; 1989 Apr.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Boletus; Suillus granulatus; Food composition;

 Proteins; Analytical methods

 

 

 274                                    NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35

 Temporal dynamics of ectomycorrhizal populations and seedling

 characteristics on red pine (Pinus resinosa).

 Wu, Y.; Gale, M.R.; Cattelino, P.J.; Richter, D.L.; Bruhn,

 J.N. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1993 May.

 Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de recherche

 forestiere v. 23 (5): p. 810-815; 1993 May. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Michigan; Pinus resinosa; Seedlings;

 Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Biomass production; Plant height;

 Basal area; Leaf water potential; Seasonal variation

 

 Abstract:  To assess temporal dynamics of ectomycorrhizae

 (ECM) on red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings, numbers of ECM

 per gram of dry root were compared with temporal changes in

 seedling height, basal diameter, above- and below-ground (coarse

 root) biomass, shoot:root ratio, and leaf water

 potentials. Bare-root red pine seedlings (3-0 stock) planted on

 three sites in upper Michigan in June of 1984 were

 destructively sampled on a monthly basis (May-October) from 1985 to

 1989. Three morphological types (brown, black, and

 white) of ECM were observed and counted. Average numbers of total

 and brown-type ECM per gram of dry root increased

 rapidly during the 1985 growing season, decreased from August 1985

 to 1988, and appeared to increase slightly in 1989. Shoot weight,

 root weight, total height, basal diameter, and

 shoot:root ratio of red pine seedlings steadily increased.

 Temporal changes in numbers of total and brown-type ECM were

 significantly correlated with all seedling characteristics (p <

 0.001). The highest correlation (negative) occurred between field

 age of red pine seedlings and numbers of both total and brown-type

 ECM per gram dry root, high negative correlations also existed

 between basal diameter, total height of red pine seedlings, and

 numbers of total and brown-type ECM per gram dry root. Decreased

 average leaf water potential was observed to relate to increases in

 numbers of total and brown-type ECM.

 

 

 275                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Time-course of N2-fixation (15N) in the field by clover

 growing alone or in mixture with ryegrass to improve pasture

 productivity, and inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizal fungi.

 Barea, J.M.; Azcon, R.; Azcon-Aguilar, C.

 New York, N.Y. : Cambridge University Press; 1989 Jul.

 The New phytologist v. 112 (3): p. 399-404; 1989 Jul. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lolium perenne; Trifolium repens; Inoculation;

 Rhizobium trifolii; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Nitrogen

 fixation; Nitrogen; Radioactive isotopes; Pastures; Crop

 mixtures; Crop yield

 

 

 276                                   NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67

 Towards the quantitative control of crop production and

 quality. III. Some recent developments in research into the root-

 soil interface. Nye, P.H.

 New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992.

 Journal of plant nutrition v. 15 (6/7): p. 1175-1192; 1992. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plants; Roots; Ion uptake; Ion transport;

 Nutrient uptake; Nutrient transport; Rhizosphere; Soil ph;

 Root channels; Mycorrhizas; Iron; Solubility; Nutrient

 nutrient interactions; Soil water potential; Root water

 potential

 

 Abstract:  In addition to their general role as sinks for ion

 transfer from the soil, roots can modify uptake by

 specifically changing conditions within the rhizosphere. The

 possibility of including such factors in models is illustrated by

 the effects of pH change, solubilization of iron,

 mycorrhizal infections, competitive ion uptake and root

 shrinkage caused by drying.

 

 

 277                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34

 Transmission and survival of Acremonium and the implications for

 grass breeding.

 Do Valle Ribeiro, M.A.M.

 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1993 Mar.

 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 44 (1/4): p.

 195-213; 1993 Mar.  In the special issue: Acremonium/grass

 interactions / edited by R. Joost and S. Quisenberry.

 Proceedings of the international symposium on Acremonium/Grass

 Interactions, held November 5-7, 1990, New Orleans, Louisiana. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Acremonium; Transmission; Survival; Festuca

 arundinacea; Lolium perenne; Lolium multiflorum; Hybrids;

 Endophytes; Plant breeding; Seeds; Environmental factors

 

 

 278                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 AN7 A

 transport-resistance model of forest growth and

 partitioning. Thornley, J.H.M.

 London : Academic Press; 1991 Sep.

 Annals of botany v. 68 (3): p. 211-226; 1991 Sep.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Forest trees; Growth; Dry matter distribution; Growth

 models; Mathematical models; Environmental factors

 

 Abstract:  The transport-resistance approach to dry-matter

 partitioning is used to construct a model of forest growth. The

 model is at the stand level for a monoculture of identical trees of

 the same age. There are five major organ compartments in the model:

 foliage, branches, stem, coarse roots, and fine roots and

 mycorrhizas. The matter in each compartment is

 further subdivided into meristem, structure, carbon substrate, and

 nitrogen substrate. The model is driven by daily radiation

 including day length, ambient CO2 concentration, and daily

 means of air and soil temperature. The fine roots are provided with

 constant values of soil mineral nitrogen pools (ammonium and

 nitrate) from which uptake occurs. Growth over about 100 years is

 simulated for various environmental conditions and soil mineral

 nitrogen levels; thinning is also simulated.

 Natural tree death occurs within the model. Particular

 attention is paid to dry matter partitioning patterns, and to the

 dry matter per stem when death occurs. The model is robust and

 responsive, and provides a framework for further

 development and application to many ecological and

 environmental scenarios, as well as to some forest management

 problems.

 

 

 279                                NAL Call. No.: SB351.P3P432

 TX/SM/TP--influence of soil microbiology on nitrogen fixation and

 growth of peanut in Thailand and the Philippines B.

 mycorrhizal considerations. Taber, R.A.

 Griffin, Ga. : University of Georgia, Georgia Experiment

 Station; 1986-1987. Annual report of the Peanut Collaborative

 Research Support Program (CRSP). p. 217-237; 1986-1987.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Texas; Thailand; Philippines; Arachis hypogaea; Soil

 biology; Nitrogen fixation; Mycorrhizas; Field tests;

 Phosphorus uptake

 

 

 280                                     NAL Call. No.: 450 N42

 Ultrastructure of the Gliocladium-like endophyte of perennial

 ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). I. Vegetative phase and leaf

 blade sporulation. Philipson, M.N.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Feb.

 The New phytologist v. 117 (2): p. 271-280; 1991 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Lolium perenne; Gliocladium; Endophytes; Hyphae; Plant

 anatomy; Cell ultrastructure; Sporulation; Growth

 

 

 281                                   NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84

 Underground allies of plants.

 Wood, M.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1989 Nov.

 Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture,

 Agricultural Research Service v. 37 (11): p. 10-13. ill; 1989 Nov.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Mycorrhizal fungi; Hyphae; Plants; Nutrients

 

 

 282                                   NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Use

 of VA mycorrhizal innoculum to improve growth of forest tree

 seedlings in fumigated soil.

 Wood, T.; Nance, L.; Jedrzejek, S.; Johnson, G.

 Fort Collins, Colo. : The Station; 1989 Dec.

 General technical report RM - Rocky Mountain Forest and Range

 Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service (184): p. 58-59; 1989 Dec.  Paper presented at the

 Intermountain Forest Nursery Association Meeting, August

 14-18, 1989, Bismark, North Dakota.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Soil

 fumigation; Inoculation; Elaeagnus angustifolia; Sequoia

 gigantea; Calocedrus decurrens; Thuja plicata; Seedlings;

 Strains

 

 

 283                                      NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6 The

 use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in Boston fern

 production. I. Effects of peat-based mixes.

 Ponton, F.; Piche, Y.; Parent, S.; Caron, M.

 Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1990

 Feb. HortScience v. 25 (2): p. 183-189; 1990 Feb. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nephrolepis exaltata; Glomus; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizae; Peat clay mixtures; Vermiculite; Peat;

 Colonizing ability; Growth rate; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Leaf

 analysis

 

 

 284                                      NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6 Use

 of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in Boston fern

 production. II. Evaluation of four inocula.

 Ponton, F.; Piche, Y.; Parent, S.; Caron, M.

 Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1990

 Apr. HortScience v. 25 (4): p. 416-419; 1990 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Nephrolepis exaltata; Transplants; Inoculation;

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Inoculum; Glomus; Colonizing

 ability; Peat; Container grown plants; Phosphorus fertilizers;

 Fertilizer application; Crop quality

 

 285                                   NAL Call. No.: QH301.A76

 Utilization of an endophytic fungus for insect resistance in New

 Zealand ryegrass.

 Barker, G.M.; Prestidge, R.A.; Pottinger, R.P.

 Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;

 1990. Aspects of applied biology (24): p. 279-281; 1990.  In the

 series analytic: The exploitation of micro-organisms in applied

 biology.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: New Zealand; Lolium perenne; Crop damage; Crop losses;

 Pest resistance; Listronotus bonariensis; Larvae;

 Resistance mechanisms; Acremonium; Fungal spores; Vertical

 transmission; Biological control agents; Insect control

 

 

 286                                  NAL Call. No.: S596.7.H33

 Utilization of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza in crop

 production. Haas, Jerry H.; Menge, John A.

 United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and

 Development Fund Bet Dagan, Israel : BARD,; 1990.

 51 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.  Final report.  Project no.

 I-916-85.  Includes bibliographical references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Crops and soils; Vesicular-arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Plant-soil relationships; Krikun, James

 

 

 287                                     NAL Call. No.: SB1.J66 VA

 mycorrhizal inoculation of landscape trees and shrubs

 growing under high fertility conditions.

 Morrison, S.J.; Nicholl, P.A.; Hicklenton, P.R.

 Washington, D.C. : Horticultural Research Institute, [c1983-; 1993

 Jun. Journal of environmental horticulture v. 11 (2): p. 64-71;

 1993 Jun.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Ornamental woody plants; Cultivars; Soil

 inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil fertility;

 Planting stock; Transplanting; Plant colonization; Colonizing

 ability; Growth rate

 

 

 288                                     NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82

 Vaccinium following an arable crop - why is a failure?.

 Blasing, D.

 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1988

 Dec. Acta horticulturae (233): p. 103-112; 1988 Dec.  In series

 analytic: Workshop on Replant Problems with Fruit Trees / edited by

 R.S. Utkhede. Paper presented August 25-28, 1987, Bonn, Federal

 Republic of Germany.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vaccinium corymbosum; Arable land; Virgin lands;

 Growth; Responses; Mycorrhizas; Soil fungi; Pathogens; Yield

 response functions; Physico-chemical properties of soil

 

 

 289                                 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza infection in cut grassland

 following long-term slurry application.

 Christie, P.; Kilpatrick, D.J.

 Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Apr.

 Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (4): p. 325-330; 1992 Apr. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Northern ireland; Lolium perenne; Agrostis

 stolonifera; Poa; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Glomus

 tenue; Endophytes; Grasslands; Cattle slurry; Pig slurry;

 Application rates; Application to land; Long term experiments;

 Roots; Infections; Assessment; Botanical composition; Temporal

 variation; Soil ph; Nutrient availability; Phosphorus; Copper;

 Zinc; Heavy metals; Grassland management

 

 Abstract:  Herbage root samples from a long-term field

 experiment in which pig and cow slurries had been applied to cut

 grassland for 19 yr were examined for vesicular-arbuscular (VA)

 mycorrhiza. There were fertilized and unfertilized

 controls and three application rates (50, 100 and 200 m(3)

 ha-1 yr-1) of both types of slurry, with six replicate plots in

 randomized blocks. Soil samples were analysed for pH (in water),

 "total" Cu and Zn, EDTA-extractable Cu and Zn and

 NaHCO3-extractable P. The proportions of Lolium perenne,

 Agrostis stolonifera and Poa spp in the herbage dry matter at the

 first cut of 1989 were also determined. Despite

 contrasting long-term effects of the two types of slurry on soil

 pH, increasing application rate of both pig and cow

 slurries produced a marked decrease in overall mycorrhizal

 infection of plant roots in the sward with a corresponding

 increase in infection by the fine endophyte, Glomus tenue.

 Calculated correlation coefficients showed that mycorrhizal

 infection was related to soil extractable P, Cu, Zn and pH, and

 also to differences in sward botanical composition,

 especially the proportion of L. perenne. Furthermore, stepwise

 multiple regression analysis identified soil chemical

 properties, especially total Zn and pH, as the more important

 explanatory variables in preference to botanical composition.

 

 

 290                                NAL Call. No.: 100 H313 (1)

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza research for tropical

 agriculture. Mosse, B.

 Honolulu, Hawaii : The Station; 1981 Aug.

 Research bulletin - Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station

 (194): 82 p.; 1981 Aug.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Infectivity;

 Phosphorus; Nutrient uptake; Uptake mechanisms; Crop

 production; Tropical climate; Soil inoculation; Mycology

 

 

 291                                    NAL Call. No.: SB13.A27

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in field and pot grown

 kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa).

 Cravero, M.C.; Schubert, A.; Mazzitelli, M.

 Firenze, Italy : Department of Horticulture, University of

 Florence; 1987. Advances in horticultural science v. 1 (2): p.

 80-82; 1987.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Italy; Actinidia; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizae; Glomus monosporus; Container grown plants; Field

 crops; Plantations; Infection; Spores; Population density;

 Seasonal fluctuations; Growth rate; Roots; Colonizing ability; Soil

 fertility; Phosphorus

 

 

 292                                 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of western redcedar in

 container nurseries and on field sites after slash burning. Berch,

 S.M.; Deom, E.; Roth, A.; Beese, W.J.

 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1993.

 Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

 Service v. 44 (1): p. 33-37; 1993.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Thuja plicata; Container grown plants; Vesicular

 arbuscular mycorrhizas; Transplanting; Colonizing ability;

 Burning; Slash

 

 

 293                                  NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae screened for Troyer citrange.

 Vinayak, K.; Bagyaraj, D.J.

 Berlin : Springer International; 1990.

 Biology and fertility of soils v. 9 (4): p. 311-314; 1990. 

 Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Citrus; Gigaspora margarita; Glomus; Rootstocks; Soil

 inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas

 

 

 294                                     NAL Call. No.: 81 SO12

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal peat-based substrates enhance

 symbiosis establishment and growth of three micropropagated

 species. Wang, H.; Parent, S.; Gosselin, A.; Desjardins, Y.

 Alexandria, Va. :; 1993 Nov.

 Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science v. 118

 (6): p. 896-901; 1993 Nov.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Gerbera jamesonii; Oleandraceae; Syngonium

 podophyllum; Micropropagation; Pot plants; Peat; Substrates; Soil

 inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Glomus

 intraradices; Symbiosis; Acclimatization; Growth; Greenhouse

 culture; Soil properties; Physicochemical properties;

 Survival; Plants; Shoots; Roots; Dry matter; Weight;

 Productivity; Characteristics

 

 Abstract:  Micropropagated plantlets of Gerberajamesonii H. Bolus

 ex Hook. F. 'Terra Mix', Nephrolepis exaltata (L.)

 Schott 'Florida Ruffles', and Syngonium podophylium Schott

 'White Butterfly' were inoculated with two vesicular-

 arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi,Glomus intraradices Schenck and

 Smith and G. vesiculiferum Gerderman and Trappe.They were potted in

 three peat-based media to determine the effects of mycorrhizal peat

 substrate on acclimatization and subsequent growth of

 micropropagated plantlets under greenhouse

 conditions. Symbiosis was established between the three

 ornamental species and VAM fungi within 4 to 8 weeks of

 culture in the greenhouse, but not during acclimatization.

 Mortality of Gerbera and Nephrolepis mycorrhizal plantlets was

 reduced at week 8 compared to the noninoculated control. A

 peat-based substrate low in P and with good aeration improved VAM

 fungi spread and efficiency. Mycorrhizal substrates had a longterm

 benefit of increasing leaf and root dry weight of

 Gerbera and Nephrolepis. Mycorrhizal Gerbera plants flowered

 significantly faster than non-mycorrhizal plants.

 

 

 295                                  NAL Call. No.: 102.5 P413

 Viabilidad del hongo endofito (Acremonium coenophialum,

 Morgan-Jones y Gams) en semilla de festuca (Festuca

 arundinacea Schreb.)  [Viability of the enfophyte fungus

 (Acremonium coenophialium) in the seed of fescue (Festuca

 arundinacea)].

 Maddaloni, J.; Sala, M.; Carletti, S.

 Pergamino : La Estacion; 1989 Mar.

 Informe tecnico - Estacion Experimental Regional Agropecuaria,

 Pergamino (224): 12 p.; 1989 Mar.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  Spanish

 

 Descriptors: Argentina; Festuca arundinacea; Seed germination; Seed

 pathology; Seed storage; Contamination; Infection;

 Acremonium; Endophytes; Spore germination; Viability

 

 

 296                                   NAL Call. No.: QK600.B72

 Water relations of mycorrhizal fungi and their host plants. Read,

 D.J.; Boyd, R.

 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1986.

 Symposium series - British Mycological Society (11): p.

 287-303. ill; 1986. Paper presented at the "Symposium on

 Water, Fungi and Plants," April, 1985, Lancaster, England. 

 Literature review.  Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Plant water relations; Vesicular arbuscular

 mycorrhizas; Mycelium; Ectomycorrhizas; Water uptake; Water

 transfer; Water stress; Growth; Literature reviews

 

 

 297                                 NAL Call. No.: SD397.A7W47

 Western Aspen seedling production and establishment techniques for

 fuel breaks around high use recreation areas final

 technical report.

 Fisher, James T.

 New Mexico : New Mexico State University,; 1986.

 1 v. (various foliations) : ill. ; 29 cm.  October 30, 1986. 

 Eisenhower Consortium research grant no. RM-81-160-CR

 (N.M.S.U. acct. no. 1-528388). Includes bibliographical

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Aspen; Rocky Mountains; Trees; Seedlings,

 Container; Fuelbreaks; Forest fires; Prevention and control

 

 

 298                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Yield and persistence of tall fescue in the southeastern

 coastal plain after removal of its endophyte.

 Bouton, J.H.; Gates, R.N.; Belesky, D.P.; Owsley, M.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1993 Jan.

 Agronomy journal v. 85 (1): p. 52-55; 1993 Jan.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Infections; Survival; Persistence; Crop

 yield; Germplasm; Dry matter accumulation; Growth rate

 

 Abstract:  The coastal plain of the southeastern USA lacks a

 dependable perennial cool season forage crop, but tall fescue

 (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) germplasms have been developed which

 show greater persistence and yield than currently

 marketed cultivars in this region. Since these germplasms were

 found to be infected with the tall fescue endophyte

 (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams), the

 contribution of the endophyte to their performance was

 unknown. The objective of this study was to compare yield and stand

 survival of endophyte-infected (EI) and endophyte-free (EF)

 (achieved by removal of its endophyte) versions of four persistent

 germplasms (GA-5, GA-Jesup, GA-Jesup Improved, and GA-Ecotype KY31)

 in clipped small plots at three locations in Georgia (Americus and

 Tifton in the coastal plain and

 Watkinsville located in the fescue growing area of the

 southern piedmont region) for a 3-yr period. The EI version of each

 germplasm showed greater stand survival and yield than its EF

 version at Americus and Tifton, but no differences were recorded

 for infection status for the same parameters at

 Watkinsville. These findings indicate that endophyte removal

 greatly reduces the ecological fitness of tall fescue by

 possibly allowing less tolerance to summer drought. Presently, only

 EI tall fescue can be dependably recommended for

 perennial pasture in the southeastern coastal plain.

 

 

 299                                   NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59

 Yield and persistence of tall fescue under grazing.

 Van Santen, E.

 Georgetown, Tx. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1992.

 Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference v. 1: p.

 171-174; 1992. Includes references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Alabama; Festuca arundinacea; Cultivars; Grazing

 systems; Stocking rate; Acremonium coenophialum; Germplasm;

 Endophytes

 

 

 300                                     NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P

 Yield, digestibility, and chemical composition of endophyte free

 and infected tall fescue.

 Fritz, J.O.; Collins, M.

 Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 May.

 Agronomy journal v. 83 (3): p. 537-541; 1991 May.  Includes

 references.

 

 Language:  English

 

 Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Cultivars; Endophytes;

 Acremonium coenophialum; Infections; Crop yield; Herbage;

 Forage; Crop quality; In vitro digestibility; Plant

 composition; Chemical composition; Nutritive value; Fiber

 content; Dry matter accumulation

 

 Abstract:  Utilization of low-endophyte (Acremonium

 coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams) cultivars of tall fescue

 (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) has been shown to improve animal

 performance; however, insufficient information is available on the

 direct effects of endophyte infection on the productivity and

 composition of tall fescue herbage. A 2-yr field study was

 conducted to assess the effects of A. coenophialum infection on the

 yield, digestibility, and chemical composition of tall fescue.

 Endophyte-free (EF) and endophyte-infected (EI) plots for each of

 two tall fescue cultivars (Kenhy and Kentucky 31) were established

 in August 1985 on a Maury silt loam (fine, mixed, mesic Typic

 Paleudalt) soil. Dry matter yields were determined for three harvests 

 made in 1986 and 1987. Total N, fiber composition, and in vitro rate 

 and extent of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion were determined 

 on samples of first and second harvest forage. Dry matter yields were 

 not affected by infection status and averaged 0.80 and 0.83 Mg

 ha-1 in 1986 and 1.69 and 1.79 Mg ha-1 in 1987 for EF and EI tall

 fescue, respectively. Endophyte infection status had no effect on

 the rate or extent of NDF digestion. Rate of NDF digestion averaged 

 0.056 and 0.055 h-1 for EF and EI tall fescue, respectively. 

 Endophytic infection also had no influence on the N concentration 

 or fiber composition of tall fescue. The results of this study 

 suggests that A. coenophialum does not have a significant effect 

 on the digestibility or chemical composition of tall fescue.

 

Author Index

 Abbott, L.K. 173, 239

 Abdel-Ghaffar, B.A. 268

 Abuzinadah, R.A. 245

 Adams, D. 61

 Afek, U. 164

 Aiken, G.E. 133

 Aiken, R.M. 259

 Albaladejo, J. 59

 Alstrom, S. 222

 Amaranthus, M.P. 106, 166, 223, 260

 Ampornpan, L. 150

 An, Z.Q. 196

 An, Zhi-qiang, 117

 Anderson, N.A. 211

 Anderson, R.C. 155

 Andersson, S. 81

 Anjaiah, V. 19

 Arne, C.N. 16

 Atalay, A. 13

 Atayese, M.O. 18

 Auge, R.M. 224

 Avio, L. 105

 Awotoye, O.O. 18

 Azcon, R. 87, 123, 258, 275

 Azcon-Aguilar, C. 275

 Aziz, T. 149, 189

 Baas, R. 247

 Bacon, C.W. 97

 Bagyaraj, D.J. 102, 293

 Bailey, W.C. 16, 79, 233

 Ball, D. 270, 271

 Ball, D.M. 240

 Baraldi, R. 49

 Barea, J.M. 258, 275

 Barker, G.M. 285

 Becker, S.A. 16

 Beckjord, P.R. 100

 Beese, W.J. 292

 Behl, H.M. 94

 Belesky, D.P. 127, 152, 261, 298

 Bellemakers, M.J.S. 72

 Bennett, J.M. 110

 Bentivenga, S.P. 229

 Berch, S.M. 41, 43, 120, 292

 Bergbauer, M. 11

 Bernier, P.Y. 128

 Berta, G. 26

 Bethlenfalvay, G.J. 112, 122, 132, 185

 Blasing, D. 288

 Boling, J.A. 238

 Borowicz, V.A. 73

 Bosco, M. 107

 Bouton, J.H. 24, 298

 Bowman, J.G.P. 263

 Boxman, A.W. 72

 Boyd, J.W. 96

 Boyd, R. 296

 Bransby, D.I. 133

 Branzanti, B. 49, 143

 Brazle, F.K. 2

 Brechelt, A. 92

 Breen, J.P. 142

 Brejda, J.J. 33

 Brown, A.H. Jr 178

 Brown, A.H.F. 180

 Brown, M.A. 178

 Brown, M.S. 132

 Browning, M.H.R. 71, 108, 144, 153

 Bruhn, J.N. 111, 215, 274

 Bryla, D.R. 244

 Buckner, E. 104

 Buresti, E. 107

 Buschena, C.A. 211

 Bush, L.P. 147

 Calhoun, L.A. 175

 Call, C.A. 187

 Calvin, C.L. 129

 Camel, S.B. 132

 Carletti, S. 48, 295

 Carlisle, R.J. 70

 Carminati, C. 26

 Caron, M. 283, 284

 Castellano, M.A. 216

 Cattelino, P.J. 274

 Chakravarty, P. 54

 Chamblee, D.S. 21

 Chanway, C.P. 10

 Chappelka, A.H. 90

 Chatarpaul, L. 54

 Chavez, M.G. 69

 Chestnut, A.B. 70, 210

 Chinnery, L.E. 62

 Christensen, N.W. 207

 Christie, P. 289

 Cibula, W.G. 115

 Citernesi, A.S. 105

 Clapperton, M.J. 231

 Clark, R.B. 8

 Coffey, K.P. 2

 Collins, M. 201, 300

 Colonna, J.P. 93

 Coltman, R.R. 237

 Cooke, A.W. 174

 Copeland, P.J. 186

 Cordell, C.E. 9, 35, 40, 45, 160, 206

 Corliss, J. 203

 Cornell, C.E. 139

 Coutts, M.P. 125

 Cox, G.S. 13

 Cravero, M.C. 291

 Crews, J.T. 100

 Crookston, R.K. 186

 Crunkilton, D.D. 131

 Cruz-Cisneros, R. 37

 Cumming, J.R. 124

 Cunningham, P.J. 209

 Czesnik, E. 65

 Daft, M.J. 158

 Dahlman, D.L. 147

 Dalpe, Y. 130

 Dancik, B.P. 226

 Dandurand, L.M.C. 167

 Danell, E. 222

 Danielson, R.M. 190

 Daura, M.T. 99

 Davey, C.B. 183

 Davies, F.T. Jr 187

 Dean, J.R. 174

 DeBano, L.F. 140

 Defelice, M.S. 234

 Deka, H.K. 55

 Deom, E. 120, 292

 Desjardins, Y. 294

 Dhillion, S.S. 150

 Dighton, J. 180

 Dixon, R.K. 34, 161, 255

 Do Valle Ribeiro, M.A.M. 277

 Dobereiner, J. 269

 Dodd, J.C. 56

 Doudrick, R.L. 211

 Ducousso, M. 93

 Duncan, R.R. 8

 Dunne, M.J. 212

 Duponnois, R. 6

 Durham, R.G. 30

 Echols, R.J. 36

 Edmeades, D.C. 252

 Eggert, C. 11

 Eichenseer, H. 147

 Eissenstat, D.M. 27, 256

 El-Shanshoury, A.R. 268

 Ellis, J.R. 8, 118

 Elmi, A.A. 95

 Elson, L.C. 52

 Engelke, M.C. 199

 Erland, S. 81, 82

 Espinoza-Victoria, D. 112

 Evans, D.G. 51

 Evans, R. 104

 Ezell, A.W. 36

 Farquhar, M.L. 198

 Farr, D.F. 100

 Favilli, F. 107

 Fengyou, W. 1

 Ferrara, M. 218

 Ferrera-Cerrato, R. 69, 112, 132

 Figge, D.A.H. 84, 151

 Findlay, J.A. 175

 Fisher, James T. 297

 Fiske, M.L. 214

 Fitter, A.H. 38, 212

 Fixen, P.E. 28

 Fogel, R. 249

 Fogel, R. \u University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI 248

 Folchi, A. 221

 Foot, J.Z. 209

 Ford, V.L. 265

 Fortin, J.A. 4, 29, 67, 128

 Forwood, J.R. 114

 Fox, R.L. 172

 Franson, R.L. 132

 Franzleubbers, A.J. 259

 Frattegiani, M. 107

 Fribourg, H.A. 70, 210

 Fritz, J.O. 300

 Frommel, M.I. 126

 Funk, C.R. 142

 Furlan, V. 194

 Fusconi, A. 26

 Gagnon, J. 121

 Gale, M.R. 274

 Galusha, D.K. 259

 Garbaye, J. 6, 121

 Garcia-Garrido, J.M. 165

 Gardiner, D.T. 207

 Garner, G.B. 114, 217

 Garrett, H.E. 13, 89, 131

 Gates, R.N. 103, 298

 Gavin, A.M. 228

 Gay, N. 238

 Geraci, C. 31

 Gerrish, J.R. 114

 Gianinazzi, S. 143, 242

 Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. 143, 242

 Gibson, D.J. 85

 Giovannetti, M. 105

 Godbold, D.L. 63

 Godbout, C. 29

 Gogala, N. 227

 Gomez, M. 87

 Gosselin, A. 294

 Gour, H.N. 177

 Graham, R.T. 44

 Green, J.T. 21

 Grigsby, K.N. 154

 Grogan, H. 197

 Gryndler, M. 148

 Guizzardi, M. 221

 Guo, B.Z. 196

 Guttay, A.J.R. 167

 Gwinn, K.D. 210, 228

 Haas, J.H. 110

 Haas, Jerry H. 286

 Habte, M. 149, 172, 230

 Hamel, C. 170, 188, 194

 Hamilton, D.F. 52

 Hammond, L.C. 110

 Hanson, D. Eric 251

 Hardison, J.R. 141

 Harmon, R.J. 60

 Hartnett, D.C. 85

 Harvey, A.E. 44

 Hassan, M.A. 268

 Hatchell, G.E. 202

 Haugen, L.M. 58

 Hay, R.L. 265

 Hemken, R.W. 60

 Hendrix, J.W. 23, 196

 Henning, J.C. 234

 Hentschel, E. 63

 Hetrick, B.A.D. 84, 85, 151, 195, 225, 229

 Hicklenton, P.R. 287

 Higginbotham, K.O. 226

 Hill, M.J. 32

 Hill, N.S. 127, 145

 Hincksman, M.A. 159

 Hintz, H.F. 119

 Hires, W.G. 114

 Hoflich, G. \u Zentrum fur Agrarlandscafts- und

 Landnutzungsforschung, Muncheberg, Germany 219

 Hogberg, P. 1

 Holl, F.B. 10

 Hoveland, C.S. 24, 30, 32, 156, 235, 270, 271

 Hunt, G.A. 50, 86

 Hutchinson, T.C. 71

 Ingleby, K. 25

 Isopi, R. 107

 Iyer, J. 76

 Izekor, E. 95

 Jackson, J.A. Jr 60

 Jackson, W.G. 178

 Jacobs, V.E. 114

 Jalahi, B.L. 232

 Jasper, D.A. 239

 Jawson, M.D. 259

 Jedrzejek, S. 282

 Jeffers, S.N. 253

 Jeffries, P. 56

 Jentschke, G. 63

 Jobidon, R. 67

 Johnson, C.R. 135

 Johnson, E.L.V. 164

 Johnson, G. 282

 Johnson, G.I. 174

 Johnson, N.C. 186

 Johri, B.N. 137

 Jones, K.J. 23

 Jurgensen, M.F. 44

 Kalnowski, G. 11

 Kampert, M. 64

 Kearney J.F. 145

 Keele, V.D. 16

 Kelley, W.D. 90

 Keltner, D.G. 70

 Kerley, M.S. 154

 Kienzler, M.F. 34

 Kilpatrick, D.J. 289

 Kissee, K.K. 89

 Klein, E. 20

 Klopatek, C.C. 140

 Klopatek, J.M. 140

 Knowles, N.R. 157

 Koide, R.T. 204, 244, 262

 Kope, H.H. 4

 Krabbendam, H. 72

 Krause, G.F. 116

 Kretschmer, A.E. Jr 205

 Krishna, K.R. 169

 Kropp, B.R. 42

 Kuek, C. 138

 Kuhn, G. 219

 Kush, J.S. 90

 Lacefield, G. 270, 271

 Lacefield, G.D. 240

 Lal, P. 177

 Lambers, H. 134, 247

 Lamhamedi, M.S. 128

 Landis, Thomas D. 22

 Langlois, C.G. 42, 121

 Lareau, M.J. 250

 Larson, B.T. 154

 Lawrence, E.G. 146

 Lazarovits, G. 126

 Leopold, Heinrich Jochen 7

 Leslie, Anne R. 163

 Lewis, G.C. 66

 Liberta, A.E. 155

 Linda, S.B. 110

 Linderman, R. G. 182

 Litten, W. 53, 130

 Livingston, W.H. 75

 Lomas, L.W. 2

 Loopstra, E.M. 47

 Lumini, E. 107

 Luoma, D.L. 3

 MacFall, J. 76

 MacFall, J.S. 77, 78

 Maddaloni, J. 48, 295

 Malajczuk, N. 138

 Manguiat, I.J. 241

 Manjunath, A. 230

 Maranville, J.W. 8

 Mari, M. 221

 Markkola, A.M. 115

 Marquez, R. 48

 Marschner, P. 63

 Marshunova, G.N. 91

 Martinez-Amores, E. 257

 Marx, D.H. 9, 35, 40, 45, 139, 160, 206

 Mason, S.C. 118

 Massicotte, H.B. 264

 Mathur, J.R. 177

 Maul, S.B. 40, 45

 Maynard, S.F. 75

 Mazzitelli, M. 291

 McArthur, D.A.J. 157

 McCall, C.A. 133

 McGee, P.A. 159, 266

 McGonigle, T.P. 51, 193

 McKinley, C.R. 36

 McLaren, J.B. 70, 210

 McLaughlin, S.B. 12

 Mead, A.J. 174

 Medina, O.A. 205

 Meier, C.E. 36

 Meier, S. 90

 Melhuish, J.L. Jr 100

 Melville, L.H. 264

 Mendoza, D.M. 241

 Menge, J.A. 164

 Menge, John A. 286

 Mesmith, W.C. 23

 Metcalf, Robert L. 163

 Michelini, S. 62

 Miesner, J.R. 178

 Miksik, I. 148

 Miller, J.D. 175

 Miller, M.H. 51, 193

 Mishra, R.R. 55

 Mitchell, D.T. 197

 Mitchell, R.J. 13

 Moditz, P. 104

 Mohan, V. 25

 Mohandas, S. 68

 Molina, R. 260

 Moose, G.H. 236

 Morrison, S.J. 287

 Morrow, R.E. 114

 Morton, S.J. 199

 Moser, L.E. 33

 Mosse, B. 290

 Moyer, J.L. 2

 Mueller, J.P. 21, 98

 Mueller, M.A. 210

 Mullins, J. 104

 Mulongoy, K. 18

 Munson, R.E. 79, 233

 Muntifering, R. 238

 Muromtsev, G.S. 91

 Nambiar, P.T.C. 19

 Nance, E.L. 146

 Nance, L. 282

 Natarajan, K. 25

 Nelson, C.J. 114

 Newman, E.I. 256

 Newton, A.C. 179

 Nicholl, P.A. 287

 Nicoll, B.C. 125

 Nilsson, M.C. 1

 Nowak, J. 126

 Nye, P.H. 276

 O'Donnell, J.J. 162

 O'Donnell, James John, 80

 Ocampo, J.A. 165

 Ogilvie, K.K. 4

 Omdal, D.W. 139, 206

 Onks, D.O. 210

 Osborn, T.G. 74

 Osonubi, O. 15, 18

 Overman, A.R. 181

 Owensby, C.E. 195

 Owsley, M. 298

 Padilla, V.M. 241

 Page-Dumroese, D.S. 44

 Pallardy, S.G. 89, 131

 Parent, S. 283, 284, 294

 Parrott, W.A. 127, 145

 Paterson, J.A. 154

 Paula, M.A. 269

 Pavetti, D.R. 116

 Pecora, R.P. 273

 Pedersen, J.F. 240

 Perez, A.M. 241

 Perry, D.A. 166, 223, 260

 Peterson, R.L. 198, 264

 Pfleger, F.L. 186

 Pfleger, Francis Louis 182

 Philipson, M.N. 280

 Piatelli, M. 31

 Piche, Y. 283, 284

 Pigott, C.D. 179

 Pinkerton, B.W. 254

 Pitman, W.D. 162

 Pliszka, K. 65

 Pokojska, A. 64

 Ponton, F. 283, 284

 Pope, D.D. 127

 Pope, P.E. 200

 Pottinger, R.P. 285

 Pratella, G.C. 221

 Prestidge, R.A. 285

 Puppi, G. 107

 Quintero-Ramos, M. 112

 Quintos, M. 257

 Rai, R. 168

 Raju, P.S. 8

 Rao, A.V. 246

 Read, D.J. 245, 296

 Reber, R.T. 200

 Rechcigl, J.E. 162

 Reddick, B.B. 70

 Reed, K.F.M. 209

 Reid, D.M. 231

 Reid, R.K. 89

 Reid, R.L. 99

 Rennie, J.C. 265

 Reyes-Solis, M.G. 132

 Rhizosphere Research Group 191

 Rhodes, M.T. 154

 Rice, J.S. 254

 Richardson, M.D. 30, 97

 Richter, D.L. 111, 215, 274

 Rietveld, W.J. 34

 Riffle, J.W. 109

 Ritchey, J. 61

 Roberts, C.A. 116

 Robson, A.D. 173, 239

 Roder, W. 118

 Rodrigues, K.F. 113

 Roelofs, J.G.M. 72

 Rojek, H. 65

 Roldan, A. 59

 Roth, A. 292

 Roth, A.L. 41, 43

 Rottinghaus, G.E. 127

 Roussakis, C. 31

 Rubio, R. 258

 Ruehle, J.L. 40, 45

 Ruemmele, B.A. 199

 Runion, G.B. 90

 Sala, M. 48, 295

 Sanders, I.R. 38, 204

 Sbrana, C. 105

 Scannerini, S. 26

 Schellenbaum, L. 26

 Schenck, N.C. 135

 Schillo, K. 238

 Schlegel, H. 63

 Schmidt, S.P. 74, 267

 Schneider, K. 184

 Schreiner, R.P. 262

 Schubert, A. 291

 Schwab, A.P. 84, 225

 Scibisz, K. 65

 Scott, E.S. 57

 Secilia, J. 102

 Seymour, N.P. 214

 Sharma, G.D. 55

 Sharma, H.D. 17

 Sharp, R.A. 34

 Shaw, C.G. III 47

 Shelby, R.A. 267

 Shetty, K.G. 84

 Shinkle, J.J. 114

 Siblikova, D. 148

 Sidhu, O.P. 94

 Sidle, R.C. 47

 Silva, E.M. 5

 Simon, T. 148

 Siqueira, J.O. 269

 Slack, S.A. 76, 77, 78

 Sleper, D.A. 116

 Smagula, J.M. 53, 130

 Smith, A. 238

 Smith, A.E. 136

 Smith, D. 188

 Smith, D.L. 170, 194

 Smith, D.R. 252

 Smith, L. 238

 Smith, M.C. 70

 Smith, M.L. 17

 Smith, M.T. 101

 Smith, S.E. 57, 58

 Soderstrom, B. 81, 82

 Sorgho, Z. 60

 Staley, T.E. 146

 Stenstrom, E. 176

 Stenstrom, Elna 39

 Stierle, A. 272

 Stierle, D. 272

 Stribley, D.P. 88

 Stringer, W.C. 127, 254

 Strobel, G. 272

 Strzelczyk, E. 64

 Stuedemann, J.A. 152, 261

 Subba Rao, N.S. 169

 Sukarno, N. 57

 Svejcar, A.J. 122

 Sylvia, D.M. 110, 162, 189, 205

 Taber, R.A. 279

 Tandon, S.M. 137

 Tarafdar, J.C. 246

 Taylor, H.W. 17

 Ternstrom, A. 222

 Terrill, T.H. 30

 Tewari, L. 137

 Tharel, L.M. 178

 Thibault, J.R. 67

 Thomas, J.P. 62

 Thompson, J.P. 214

 Thornley, J.H.M. 278

 Thornsbury, R.M. 220

 Tidwell, T. 61

 Tinker, P.B. 88

 Tobar, R. 87

 Tommerup, I.C. 138

 Torrey, J.G. 14

 Trappe, J.M. 216, 264

 Treeby, M.T. 243

 Trent, J.D. 122

 Tringali, C. 31

 Trotta, A. 26

 Trouvelot, A. 242

 Tsantrizos, Y.S. 4

 Tucker, C.A. 114

 Turkington, R. 20

 Turner, K.E. 95

 Tyler, G. 83

 Undersander, D.J. 254

 Unestam, T. 176

 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of

 Pesticide Programs, Field Operations Division 163

 United States, Forest Service 22

 United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and

 Development Fund 286

 Urquiaga, S. 269

 Valdes, M. 37, 257

 Van der Westhuizen, G.C.A. 46

 Van Greuning, J.V. 46

 Van Santen, E. 299

 Van Staden, J. 101

 Vare, H. 115, 192

 Varughese, G. 129

 Vejsadova, H. 148

 Verbist, J.F. 31

 Verkade, S.D. 52

 Vietti, A.J. 101

 Vinayak, K. 293

 Visser, S. 190

 Vivekanandan, M. 28

 Vosatka, M. 171

 Wahl, J.I. 6

 Walker, C. 88

 Walker, R.F. 12

 Waller, S.S. 33

 Wang, G.M. 88

 Wang, H. 294

 Waterer, D.R. 237

 Wedderburn, M.E. 252

 Wells, H. 61

 Werf, A. van der 247

 West, C.P. 95, 213

 Wheeler, D.M. 252

 White, C.S. 159

 White, R.H. 142

 Whitney, N.J. 175

 Whitney, R.D. 108, 144, 153

 Wiehe, W. 219

 Wilkinson, S.R. 152, 181, 261

 Willngdon, T. 120

 Wilmsmeyer, R.H. 79

 Wilson, C.A. 129

 Wilson, G.W.T. 85, 151, 195, 225

 Wood, M. 203, 281

 Wood, T. 282

 Woodroof, Naomi Chapman, 208

 Wu, Y. 274

 Wyatt, W.E. 103

 Yakobi, L.M. 91

 Yeager, T.H. 135

 Yocom, D.H. 33

 Zackrisson, 1

 Zhu, H. 226

 

Subject Index

Aberdeen-angus 178

 Abies balsamea 175

 Abies concolor 216

 Abies grandis 216

 Absorption 193

 Abutilon theophrasti 204

 Acacia albida 93

 Acacia aneura 239

 Acclimatization 294

 Acer pseudoplatanus 171

 Acetobacter 269

 Acid phosphatase 68

 Acid soils 63, 146, 252

 Acidity 81

 Acremonium 48, 66, 127, 136, 142, 156, 209, 235, 240, 261,

 277, 285, 295

 Acremonium coenophialum 16, 70, 74, 79, 95, 99, 133, 145, 147, 152,

 181, 196, 201, 210, 213, 228, 233, 234, 254, 267, 270, 271, 298,

 299, 300

 Acremonium strictum 159

 Actinidia 291

 Aeschynomene Americana 205

 Afforestation 9, 42, 100, 107, 108, 171, 223

 Agar 81

 Agaricaceae 245

 Agaricales 83

 Age 147

 Age of trees 25, 71, 257

 Agrobacterium rhizogenes 262

 Agronomic characteristics 240

 Agropyron desertorum 122

 Agrostis stolonifera 289

 Alabama 133, 263, 299

 Alaska 47

 Alberta 231

 Alkaline soils 94

 Allelopathy 1

 Alley cropping 18

 Allium cepa 57, 164

 Allium porrum 26

 Alnus cordata 107

 Aluminum 63, 71, 72, 252

 Amanita muscaria 25

 Amaranthus retroflexus 204

 Ammonium 226

 Ammonium nitrate 19, 118

 Ammonium nitrogen 72

 Ammonium sulfate 121

 Anacardium occidentale 58

 Analysis of variance 181

 Analytical methods 273

 Andhra pradesh 19

 Andropogon gerardii 33, 84, 85, 151, 195, 229

 Animal behavior 261

 Animal diseases 270

 Animal disorders 267

 Animal production 209

 Annual field crops 103

 Antagonists 221

 Antibiotics 4

 Antifungal agents 4

 Antineoplastic agent 31

 Antineoplastic agents 272

 Aphyllophorales 81

 Application 247

 Application date 96, 136, 234, 253

 Application methods 96

 Application rates 59, 90, 96, 121, 135, 153, 201, 207, 234, 257,

 289

 Application to land 289

 Appressoria 105

 ApRicots 221

 Arable land 288

 Arachis hypogaea 19, 158, 279

 Arbutus menziesii 166

 Arctostaphylos 166

 Argentina 48, 295

 Arkansas 95, 96

 Artificial regeneration 106

 Ascomycotina 130

 Asparagus officinalis 5

 Aspen 297

 Assessment 289

 Australia 173, 209

 Autumn 136

 Avena sativa 88

 Azotobacter chroococcum 268

 Bacillus 10

 Bacteria 6

 Bacterial diseases 165

 Bare rooted stock 36, 120, 139, 216

 Bark compost 101

 Basal area 274

 Basidiomycetes 138

 Basidiomycotina 17

 Beef cattle 70, 205, 220, 263

 Beef cows 114, 178

 Beef production 103

 Belarus 17

 Benomyl 73, 229

 Beta vulgaris 262

 Betula pendula 179, 245

 Bibliographies 184

 Bihar 168

 Biological control 175, 221

 Biological control agents 221, 285

 Biological development 158, 223

 Biological production 25

 Biological treatment 11

 Biomass 27, 259

 Biomass accumulation 249

 Biomass production 3, 10, 70, 72, 90, 94, 110, 115, 137, 148, 151,

 225, 241, 256, 274

 Biosynthesis 64, 134, 226

 Bleaching 11

 Body temperature 70

 Boletus 273

 Bolls 164

 Boron fertilizers 13

 Botanical composition 209, 289

 Bovine respiratory syncytial virus 220

 Bovine serum albumin 226

 Bradyrhizobium 14

 Bradyrhizobium japonicum 148

 Brahman 178

 Branching 53

 Brassica kaber 262

 Brassica napus 73

 Brassica nigra 230, 262

 Brazil 113

 Breed differences 178

 Breeding aims 156

 British Columbia 10, 41, 43, 86

 Bromegrasses 251

 Bromus inermis 194

 Buchloe dactyloides 218

 Bulgaria 17

 Burning 229, 292

 Cabt 18, 41, 58, 59, 66, 95, 96, 110, 113, 151, 181, 189, 193, 196,

 222, 252, 259

 Calamovilfa longifolia 33

 Calcareous soils 168

 Calcium 63, 71, 72, 207

 Calcium fertilizers 150

 Calcium phosphate 188, 207

 Calf feeding 220

 California 164

 Callus 145

 Calocedrus decurrens 282

 Calves 60, 114, 154, 210, 220

 Canada 194

 Cantharellus cibarius 222

 Capsicum annuum 92, 164, 237

 Captafol 253

 Carbohydrates 127, 152

 Carbon 8, 40, 134

 Carbosulfan 66

 Carcass composition 99

 Carica papaya 68

 Cattle 2, 133, 210, 267

 Cattle dung 267

 Cattle feeding 74

 Cattle manure 118, 261

 Cattle slurry 289

 Cell differentiation 105

 Cell ultrastructure 198, 280

 Cenococcum 47

 Cenococcum geophilum 43, 90, 264

 Cenococcum graniforme 25, 64

 Cesium 17

 Characteristics 156, 294

 Checklists 113

 Chemical composition 4, 300

 Chemical constituents of plants 127

 Chlorophyll 63

 Chloropicrin 155, 207

 Chlorosis 63

 Chlorothalonil 253

 Choristoneura fumiferana 175

 Cicer arietinum 158, 168

 Citrus 293

 Citrus jambhiri 243

 Citrus macrophylla 62

 Clay 151

 Clay loam soils 259

 Clearcutting 131

 Climatic factors 106

 Clones 125, 145

 Coat 70

 Colonization 23, 59, 118, 164, 188, 193, 214, 230, 243, 246 

 Colonizing ability 41, 43, 50, 69, 86, 90, 120, 162, 195, 205, 255,

 257, 283, 284, 287, 291, 292

 Companion crops 266

 Comparisons 210

 Compensatory growth 220

 Competitive ability 20, 85

 Components 194

 Composts 92

 Concentration 194

 Congresses 163, 163

 Conifer needles 63, 175

 Conifers 44, 183

 Connecticut 167

 Conservation tillage 51

 Container gardening 22

 Container grown plants 6, 9, 13, 29, 34, 36, 40, 41, 43, 45, 47,

 50, 54, 62, 75, 77, 89, 111, 121, 131, 135, 139, 144, 153, 190,

 192, 206, 211, 257, 265, 284, 291, 292

 Contamination 48, 295

 Continuous cropping 23, 28, 118, 186, 188

 Controlled grazing 2

 Copper 207, 289

 Core sampling 248

 Corn 251

 Cornus sericea 52

 Cost benefit analysis 42

 Cotyledons 58

 Covers 164

 Cows 154

 Creep grazing 114

 Crop damage 285

 Crop density 79, 188

 Crop establishment 101, 234

 Crop growth stage 20, 28, 193

 Crop losses 285

 Crop mixtures 20, 162, 170, 194, 275

 Crop production 185, 242, 290

 Crop quality 116, 152, 199, 201, 240, 284, 300

 Crop rotation 117

 Crop yield 19, 20, 32, 51, 56, 66, 69, 88, 91, 92, 95, 102, 110,

 116, 127, 148, 152, 156, 164, 167, 177, 181, 186, 188, 193, 194,

 195, 196, 201, 237, 240, 246, 252, 254, 259, 275, 298, 300

 Cropping systems 185

 Crops 27, 185

 Crops and soils 286

 Cultivars 69, 79, 98, 103, 112, 156, 181, 199, 201, 228, 244, 287,

 299, 300

 Cultural control 147, 234

 Culture media 49, 145, 176, 215, 226

 Cultures 72

 Cunoniaceae 266

 Cutting 30

 Cuttings 52, 125

 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba 246

 Cycling 180

 Cynodon dactylon 70, 96, 178

 Cytokinins 64

 Cytotoxicity 31

 Czechoslovakia 171

 Dactylis glomerata 20

 Dairy cattle 60, 98

 Dalapon 136

 Daucus carota 262

 Decay fungi 83

 Defoliation 32, 73

 Demography 248

 Desmodium 205

 Detection 217, 267

 Deuteromycotina 10

 Development 35

 Developmental stages 29

 Diameter 27, 131, 207

 Digestive tract 267

 Disease control 259, 263

 Disease prevalence 23, 228

 Disease prevention 271

 Disease resistance 75

 Distribution 205

 Disturbed soils 51

 Diurnal activity 2

 Drought 15, 75, 95, 128

 Drought resistance 95, 97, 156, 213

 Dry matter 8, 32, 68, 70, 229, 294

 Dry matter accumulation 1, 20, 29, 51, 85, 103, 130, 135, 181, 201,

 213, 225, 243, 246, 247, 268, 298, 300

 Dry matter distribution 278

 Dunes 189

 Duration 2

 Ectomycorrhizae 9, 40, 45, 47, 54, 109, 161, 184, 206, 215, 245,

 249

 Ectomycorrhizas 1, 3, 13, 14, 25, 29, 36, 39, 43, 49, 63, 64, 71,

 75, 76, 77, 81, 82, 90, 100, 108, 138, 139, 144, 153, 179, 180,

 182, 197, 200, 211, 222, 226, 248, 257, 264, 274, 296

 Edible fungi 17

 Effects 73

 Elaeagnus angustifolia 282

 Eleusine coracana 137

 Elites 252

 Elymus canadensis 85

 Elymus elongatus 225

 Elymus trachycaulus 231

 Empetrum 1

 Encapsulation 138

 Endomycorrhizae 91

 Endomycorrhizas 61, 93, 94

 Endophytes 2, 16, 21, 24, 66, 69, 70, 74, 79, 95, 96, 97, 98, 103,

 113, 114, 119, 127, 129, 136, 142, 152, 154, 156, 159, 174, 175,

 178, 199, 201, 213, 217, 218, 220, 221, 228, 232, 233, 234, 236,

 240, 253, 254, 261, 263, 267, 277, 280, 289, 295, 298, 299, 300

 England 56, 179

 Environmental aspects 163

 Environmental factors 277, 278

 Environmental pollution 171

 Enzyme activity 87, 226, 246

 Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay 141

 Epichloe typhina 141, 217

 Eroded soils 149

 Erosion 189

 Erwinia carotovora 165

 Establishment 21, 59, 84, 142, 151, 256

 Ethephon 75

 Ethylene 203

 Eucalyptus camaldulensis 138

 Eucalyptus diversicolor 138

 Eucalyptus globulus 138

 Euterpe oleracea 113

 Explants 145

 Extracts 31

 Fagus sylvatica 83

 Fallout 17

 Fallow systems 28

 Fattening performance 114

 Feed intake 70, 154, 267

 Feed supplements 99

 Feeding 60, 238

 Fertilizer application 34, 261, 284

 Fertilizer requirement determination 135

 Fertilizers 54, 77, 151

 Festuca 24, 98, 218, 235

 Festuca arundinacea 2, 16, 23, 30, 32, 48, 60, 70, 74, 79, 84, 95,

 96, 99, 103, 116, 127, 133, 136, 141, 142, 145, 147, 151, 152, 154,

 156, 178, 181, 196, 199, 201, 213, 217, 225, 228, 233, 234, 236,

 238, 240, 254, 261, 263, 267, 270, 271, 277, 295, 298, 299, 300

 Festuca glauca 142

 Festuca longifolia 142

 Festuca rubra 38

 Fiber content 116, 201, 300

 Field crops 291

 Field experimentation 51, 148

 Field tests 279

 Finland 192

 Fire effects 55, 140

 Flavonoids 143

 Flooded rice 102

 Flooding 97

 Flora 37, 113

 Florida 110, 162, 189, 205

 Flowering 196

 Fluazifop 136

 Fodder crops 114

 Fodder legumes 162

 Foliage 90

 Foliar diagnosis 65

 Food composition 273

 Forage 70, 98, 103, 116, 127, 152, 201, 205, 240, 263, 300  Forage

 crops 21, 114

 Forest ecology 83

 Forest fires 297

 Forest nurseries 9, 78, 86, 120, 139, 160, 161, 183, 190, 202, 206,

 216

 Forest plantations 86, 111, 223

 Forest soils 44, 197, 248

 Forest trees 14, 37, 44, 55, 139, 180, 249, 278

 Forestry 260

 Forestry machinery 9

 Forests 100, 248

 Formulations 58

 Fosetyl 214

 Fragaria ananassa 69, 212

 Frankia 14, 37, 107

 Frequency 153

 Fruit vegetables 164

 Fruiting 25

 Fruits 253

 Fuelbreaks 297

 Fuelwood 94

 Fungal diseases 147, 174, 196, 228

 Fungal morphology 264

 Fungal spores 115, 225, 246, 285

 Fungi 100, 113, 169, 272

 Fungicidal properties 62

 Fungicide application 34

 Fungicides 56, 57, 159

 Fungus control 21, 196, 214

 Fusarium 232

 Gamma radiation 130

 Genetic transformation 262

 Genetic variation 116

 Genotype nutrition interaction 8

 Genotypes 127, 137, 145, 152, 158, 168, 254

 Geographical distribution 37, 113

 Georgia 24, 30, 136, 152, 181, 298

 Gerbera jamesonii 294

 Germination 264

 Germplasm 298, 299

 Gibberellins 64

 Gigaspora 231, 241, 246

 Gigaspora margarita 143, 255, 293

 Gliocladium 280

 Gliricidia 241

 Glomus 26, 56, 57, 69, 105, 112, 148, 149, 158, 168, 172, 189, 225,

 232, 237, 246, 255, 283, 284, 293

 Glomus aggregatum 230

 Glomus caledonium 258

 Glomus clarum 269

 Glomus deserticola 33, 207

 Glomus etunicatum 110, 112, 162, 214, 244, 262

 Glomus etunicatus 255

 Glomus fasciculatum 8, 12, 87, 102, 107, 157, 183, 231, 258, 268 

 Glomus fasciculatus 52, 247, 265

 Glomus intraradices 58, 101, 102, 135, 146, 164, 170, 194,

 204, 207, 294

 Glomus macrocarpum 23, 196, 214, 231

 Glomus macrocarpus 52, 69

 Glomus microcarpum 214, 231

 Glomus monosporus 291

 Glomus mosseae 12, 18, 61, 87, 105, 107, 112, 123, 132, 165, 214,

 231, 241, 258, 265, 266

 Glomus tenue 289

 Glomus versiforme 188

 Glucosamine 115

 Glucose 226

 Glufosinate 136

 Glutamate-ammonia ligase 87

 Glycine max 28, 118, 132, 148, 170, 186, 188

 Glyphosate 96, 136, 234

 Gossypium hirsutum 164

 Grain 246

 Grain crops 259

 Grass sward 66, 152

 Grasses 119, 163

 Grassland management 2, 119, 233, 240, 263, 271, 289

 Grasslands 38, 289

 Grazing 30, 70, 74, 98, 99, 178, 271

 Grazing behavior 2, 267

 Grazing effects 152, 195, 261, 270

 Grazing experiments 210

 Grazing lands 261

 Grazing systems 2, 210, 299

 Grazing trials 70, 103

 Greenhouse crops 224

 Greenhouse culture 67, 92, 148, 224, 230, 294

 Growth 1, 15, 19, 26, 38, 41, 43, 44, 50, 57, 58, 67, 71, 73, 75,

 76, 77, 78, 82, 84, 87, 89, 93, 94, 105, 108, 109, 110, 118, 120,

 122, 123, 124, 125, 128, 129, 131, 132, 134, 144, 146, 149, 150,

 153, 155, 157, 158, 161, 164, 166, 170, 177, 179, 184, 186, 197,

 198, 200, 202, 204, 207, 214, 216, 219, 222, 226, 229, 231, 239,

 244, 248, 255, 258, 262, 264, 266, 269, 274, 278, 280, 288, 294,

 296

 Growth analysis 243

 Growth chambers 51

 Growth inhibitors 63, 159

 Growth models 278

 Growth promoters 10, 126

 Growth rate 20, 27, 28, 33, 52, 59, 61, 69, 81, 127, 133, 135, 137,

 169, 195, 224, 230, 245, 247, 257, 283, 287, 291, 298

 Growth stages 113, 145, 174

 Harvesting 5, 30

 Harvesting frequency 147

 Hawaii 149, 172

 Heat stress 238

 Heavy metals 289

 Hebeloma 49, 64, 76, 77, 78, 138

 Hebeloma crustuliniforme 64, 71, 197, 226

 Hebeloma cylindrosporum 108

 Hedgerow plants 18

 Hedysarum coronarium 123

 Height 131, 202

 Helianthus annuus 112

 Helvella 257

 Hemicelluloses 116

 Herbage 66, 95, 116, 127, 156, 195, 300

 Herbage crops 173

 Herbicide application 136

 Heritability 116, 252

 Holcus lanatus 20, 38

 Horse dung 267

 Horses 74, 133, 267

 Horticultural crops 221, 242

 Humus 82

 Hybrids 112, 277

 Hyphae 105, 132, 222, 262, 264, 280, 281

 Iaa 64, 176

 Iba 49

 Identification 139, 217

 Immunization 12, 111, 223

 Implantation 220

 In vitro 81, 145, 250

 In vitro digestibility 116, 201, 300

 Incidence 16, 23, 174, 228, 253

 India 55, 94, 232

 Indirect selection 116

 Induction 226

 Infection 28, 48, 51, 62, 74, 145, 173, 174, 181, 247, 259, 261,

 291, 295

 Infections 6, 13, 16, 154, 254, 268, 289, 298, 300

 Infectivity 82, 129, 138, 157, 239, 290

 Infestation 228

 Inflorescences 174

 Inhibition 20

 Inoculation 9, 19, 34, 35, 40, 42, 45, 47, 52, 53, 89, 91,

 104, 109, 131, 160, 161, 202, 206, 237, 265, 275, 282, 284

 Inoculation methods 121, 123, 162, 242

 Inoculum 61, 138, 242, 284

 Inoculum density 231

 Inorganic phosphorus 51, 268

 Insect control 21, 66, 147, 285

 Insect pests 16, 175

 Insecticidal properties 175

 Insecticides 79

 Intensive silviculture 12

 Interactions 167, 176, 194, 198, 222

 Intercropping 188

 Ion transport 276

 Ion uptake 63, 276

 Ipomoea batatas 269

 Irish republic 197

 Iron 168, 243, 276

 Iron ore 239

 Irrigated conditions 95

 Irrigation 5

 Irrigation scheduling 66

 Italy 291

 Juglans nigra 255

 Juniperus occidentalis 129

 Kansas 109, 151, 229

 Karyotypes 128

 Kentucky 23, 141, 147, 196, 201

 Klebsiella 269

 Koeleria 85

 Krikun, James 286

 Labeling 236

 Laccaria 29, 108, 111, 121, 125, 144, 153, 183, 211

 Laccaria laccata 6, 25, 34, 47, 54, 138, 176, 197

 Lactuca sativa 87

 Lambs 99

 Land reclamation 9, 104

 Larix decidua 34

 Larix laricina 54

 Larvae 285

 Lathyrus pratensis 38

 Lawns and turf 97, 199, 218

 Lead 90

 Leaf age 113

 Leaf analysis 283

 Leaf area 15, 127, 128, 137

 Leaf area ratio 247

 Leaf conductance 128

 Leaf water potential 32, 131, 274

 Leaves 58, 113, 147, 253

 Legumes 18, 80

 Leguminosae 37, 94, 219, 232

 Length 15, 27, 164, 188, 214

 Leucaena 230

 Leucaena leucocephala 149, 172, 230

 Life cycle 267

 Lignin 11, 187

 Ligustrum japonicum 135

 Lime 58

 Liming 82, 88, 101

 Line differences 252

 Liriodendron tulipifera 12, 265

 Listronotus bonariensis 285

 Literature reviews 134, 185, 198, 213, 219, 296

 Litter (plant) 83

 Livestock 270, 271

 Liveweight gain 70, 99, 154, 220

 Liveweight gains 114

 Loam soils 108

 Lolium 159, 201

 Lolium multiflorum 103, 277

 Lolium perenne 20, 24, 66, 142, 201, 209, 252, 275, 277, 280, 285,

 289

 Long term experiments 88, 289

 Lotus corniculatus 73, 146

 Lupinus albus 105, 143

 Lycoperdon 25, 257

 Lycopersicon esculentum 165, 244, 268

 Macroptilium atropurpureum 205

 Magnesium 63, 72

 Magnesium fertilizers 150

 Mancozeb 253

 Mangifera indica 174

 Mangoes 174

 Manihot esculenta 18

 Manures 92

 Maryland 100

 Mathematical models 278

 Measurement 249

 Medicago sativa 32, 105, 146, 158, 194, 225, 258

 Metabolism 97

 Metabolites 4, 123

 Metal tolerance 252

 Metalaxyl 164, 214

 Methyl bromide 120, 155, 164, 259

 Mexico 37

 Michigan 17, 111, 161, 274

 Microbial degradation 11

 Microorganisms 20, 177, 259

 Micropropagation 49, 69, 130, 242, 250, 294

 Milk fat percentage 178

 Milk fat yield 178

 Milk yield 178

 Mine spoil 84, 107, 151, 171

 Mined land 107, 239

 Mineral content 13, 214, 256

 Mineral deficiencies 8

 Mineral nutrition 63, 67, 179

 Mineral uptake 148, 204

 Mining 100

 Minnesota 186, 211

 Mississippi 115

 Missouri 16, 114, 131, 217

 Mixed forests 180

 Mixed pastures 66, 70

 Models 181

 Modulation 258

 Monilinia laxa 221

 Monoculture 20, 259

 Morphogenesis 26

 Mowing 199

 Mulching 5, 12

 Mushrooms 17, 222

 Mycelium 51, 81, 121, 125, 132, 138, 226, 296

 Mycology 290

 Mycorrhiza 208

 Mycorrhizal fungi 5, 34, 44, 49, 50, 52, 53, 59, 63, 64, 82, 84,

 86, 88, 104, 106, 111, 115, 125, 130, 149, 151, 162, 166, 177, 180,

 183, 184, 185, 187, 190, 193, 198, 219, 223, 225, 227, 229, 232,

 242, 250, 255, 264, 281

 Mycorrhizal plants 182, 191, 251

 Mycorrhizas 6, 10, 27, 37, 42, 46, 67, 72, 83, 117, 128, 130, 134,

 169, 176, 182, 184, 188, 191, 192, 212, 258, 259, 260, 276, 279,

 288  Mycoses 270, 271

 Mycotoxicoses 267

 Mycotoxins 267

 Nebraska 33, 109, 118, 259

 Nectarines 221

 Nephrolepis exaltata 283, 284

 Net assimilation rate 63, 87

 Netherlands 72

 New Brunswick 175

 New Zealand 252, 285

 Nicotiana tabacum 23, 196

 Nigeria 18

 Nitrate reductase 87

 Nitrogen 1, 18, 40, 72, 87, 91, 97, 112, 149, 155, 170, 188, 200,

 201, 275, 283

 Nitrogen assimilation 245

 Nitrogen content 53, 194, 245, 256, 259, 268

 Nitrogen fertilizers 16, 29, 70, 99, 114, 150, 152, 181, 200, 201,

 241

 Nitrogen fixation 10, 57, 148, 168, 169, 173, 258, 275, 279 

 Nitrogen fixing bacteria 10

 Nitrogen fixing trees 37, 94, 241

 Nitrogen metabolism 87, 99, 245

 Nitrogen uptake 247

 Nitrogen-potassium fertilizers 167

 Nitrogenase 246

 No-tillage 96

 Nodulation 72, 146, 148, 149, 246

 North Carolina 21, 98

 Northern england 180

 Northern ireland 289

 Npk fertilizers 50, 115, 135, 211

 Nurseries 58

 Nursery management 202

 Nutrient availability 20, 85, 237, 243, 246, 256, 289

 Nutrient balance 194

 Nutrient content 13, 51, 72, 99, 108, 110, 121, 170, 188, 193, 230,

 243, 256, 268

 Nutrient contents of plants 54, 67

 Nutrient deficiencies 157

 Nutrient nutrient interactions 276

 Nutrient requirements 26, 87, 155, 226, 239

 Nutrient sources 87

 Nutrient transport 230, 276

 Nutrient uptake 1, 8, 13, 15, 18, 27, 28, 33, 38, 51, 63, 72, 76,

 84, 119, 123, 148, 168, 170, 173, 179, 180, 181, 186, 193, 201,

 204, 207, 230, 243, 246, 256, 258, 268, 276, 290

 Nutrients 59, 156, 281

 Nutritive value 116, 300

 Oleandraceae 294

 Onions 164

 Ontario 17, 29, 71, 193

 Ontogeny 264

 Oregon 3, 129, 141, 216, 223, 236, 264

 Organophosphorus pesticides 214

 Ornamental woody plants 287

 Oryza sativa 102, 150

 Oryzopsis hymenoides 122

 Osmotic pressure 213

 Oxisols 149, 230

 Oxytetracycline 2

 Pacific states of U.S.A. 183

 Paclobutrazol 62

 Panicum virgatum 33, 229

 Paraquat 96, 136, 234

 Parthenium argentatum 101

 Paspalum notatum 162

 Pasture management 21, 173

 Pasture plants 263

 Pastures 136, 152, 173, 205, 209, 233, 234, 267, 270, 275 

 Pathogens 288

 Patterns 193

 Paxillus involutus 1, 63

 Peaches 221

 Peat 81, 130, 283, 284, 294

 Peat clay mixtures 283

 Peat soils 108

 Pecan 208

 Pedicels 174

 Pennisetum 159

 Pennisetum Americanum 154, 158

 Pennisetum clandestinum 159

 Perennials 103

 Performance 70, 74, 86, 107

 Performance testing 210

 Persistence 95, 211, 298

 Pest management 142

 Pest resistance 147, 218, 285

 Pesticide action 34, 56

 Pesticides 163

 Ph 64, 81, 222, 226

 Phalaris aquatica 32

 Phenology 110

 Phenols 31

 Phenotypes 127

 Philippines 241, 279

 Phleum pratense 194, 231

 Phoradendron juniperinum 129

 Phosphates 19, 170, 256, 266

 Phosphonates 214

 Phosphoric monoester hydrolases 246

 Phosphorus 8, 18, 26, 28, 33, 38, 67, 72, 85, 112, 124, 155, 157,

 167, 193, 194, 200, 204, 207, 212, 230, 237, 244, 246, 247, 259,

 283, 289, 290, 291

 Phosphorus fertilizers 15, 29, 51, 65, 76, 87, 150, 153, 170, 194,

 200, 239, 241, 284

 Phosphorus uptake 247, 279

 Photoperiod 29

 Photosynthates 134

 Photosynthesis 63, 87, 131

 Physico-chemical properties of soil 288

 Physicochemical properties 294

 Phytotoxicity 63, 136, 214, 252

 Picea abies 63

 Picea engelmannii 50

 Picea glauca 29, 190

 Picea mariana 67, 108, 144, 153, 211

 Picea rubens 175

 Picea sitchensis 47, 125, 197

 Pig slurry 289

 Pine bark 101

 Pine needles 13

 Pinus 100

 Pinus banksiana 71, 108, 111, 144, 153, 190

 Pinus clausa 45

 Pinus contorta 10, 190, 216

 Pinus echinata 13

 Pinus elliottii 40, 46

 Pinus halepensis 59

 Pinus nigra 72, 109

 Pinus palustris 160, 202

 Pinus patula 25, 46, 257

 Pinus pinaster 128

 Pinus pinea 124

 Pinus ponderosa 109

 Pinus radiata 257

 Pinus resinosa 75, 76, 77, 78, 111, 215, 274

 Pinus strobus 29

 Pinus sylvestris 1, 81, 82, 109, 176, 192

 Pinus taeda 12, 29, 35, 36, 40, 45, 90, 104, 115

 Pinus Virginiana 40, 45, 104

 Pinyon-juniper 140

 Pisolithus 128

 Pisolithus tinctorius 4, 9, 12, 13, 35, 40, 45, 59, 64, 89, 108,

 109, 131, 138, 160, 183, 187, 202, 206, 216

 Pisum sativum 105

 Plant analysis 58, 188

 Plant anatomy 126, 129, 157, 198, 264, 280

 Plant breeding 116, 142, 252, 277

 Plant colonization 287

 Plant communities 37

 Plant competition 20, 32, 73, 85, 256

 Plant composition 38, 63, 152, 157, 194, 214, 259, 300

 Plant density 85, 158, 202, 204

 Plant development 29, 57, 93, 126, 198

 Plant disease control 196, 234

 Plant disorders 262

 Plant ecology 113, 156

 Plant embryos 145

 Plant extracts 1, 105, 175, 272

 Plant growth regulators 213, 227

 Plant height 53, 59, 68, 77, 90, 137, 153, 196, 207, 259, 274 

 Plant interaction 73

 Plant introduction 267

 Plant morphology 46, 127, 129, 156, 157, 230, 243

 Plant nutrition 8, 26, 33, 71, 72, 76, 108, 112, 122, 124,

 128, 132, 134, 150, 155, 169, 179, 188, 198, 200, 226, 227, 242,

 243, 244, 258, 269

 Plant organs 115

 Plant pathogenic fungi 23, 30, 174, 253

 Plant pathogens 176

 Plant physiology 156

 Plant production 184

 Plant propagation 52

 Plant succession 25

 Plant water relations 296

 Plant-soil relationships 286

 Plantago lanceolata 38, 256

 Plantago major ssp. pleiosperma 247

 Plantations 25, 291

 Planting 5, 96, 192

 Planting depth 5

 Planting season 104

 Planting stock 61, 86, 104, 161, 287

 Plants 27, 53, 169, 276, 281, 294

 Plowing 28, 192, 193

 Plums 221

 Poa 289

 Poa pratensis 142

 Podocarpus macrophyllus 135

 Poisoning 70, 74, 267

 Poisonous plants 60, 159

 Poland 65

 Polluted soils 84, 90, 151

 Polyethylene film 12

 Poncirus trifoliata 243

 Ponds 225

 Population density 23, 196, 205, 253, 291

 Population distribution 25

 Postharvest decay 221

 Postharvest losses 174

 Pot experimentation 20, 197

 Pot plants 153, 294

 Potassium 58, 72, 155, 261

 Potassium fertilizers 19

 Potting 58

 Prairie soils 109

 Prairies 229

 Preplanting treatment 36

 Prescribed burning 140

 Prevention and control 297

 Production 229

 Production costs 103

 Productive life 249

 Productivity 294

 Propagation 197

 Proteinases 226

 Proteins 273

 Pseudomonas fluorescens 126, 222

 Pseudomonas putida 146

 Pseudotsuga menziesii 3, 6, 41, 43, 166, 216, 223

 Pulp mill effluent 11

 Pulses 232

 Pyrrolizidine alkaloids 147

 Pyrus 49

 Pyrus communis 207

 Pythium 214

 Pythium ultimum 164

 Quantitative techniques 249

 Quarantine 267

 Quebec 170

 Queensland 174

 Quercus 100

 Quercus robur 89, 179

 Quercus rubra 121, 131, 161, 200

 Quercus velutina 89

 Quercus Virginiana 187

 Radioactive isotopes 275

 Radioactivity 17

 Radionuclides 17

 Rajasthan 177

 Ratios 8

 Reclamation 84, 107, 151, 225

 Recovery 33

 Refuse 59

 Regeneration 260

 Regrowth 195

 Regulation 71, 219, 262

 Relationships 209

 Reproduction 244

 Reproductive performance 74

 Research projects 141

 Resistance 142

 Resistance mechanisms 285

 Respiration 27, 134, 247

 Respiratory diseases 220

 Responses 186, 288

 Revegetation 84, 107, 151, 225, 239

 Revegetation plants 33, 84, 151, 225

 Rhizobium 14, 91, 146, 158, 168, 173, 219, 241

 Rhizobium leguminosarum 20

 Rhizobium meliloti 146, 258

 Rhizobium trifolii 275

 Rhizoctonia 228, 232

 Rhizomes 195

 Rhizopogon 41, 43, 71, 108, 203

 Rhizopogon luteolus 25

 Rhizopus stolonifer 221

 Rhizosphere 123, 219, 246, 259, 260, 276

 Rhopalosiphum padi 147

 Ridging 28, 193

 Rock phosphate 101, 158, 232

 Rocky Mountains 297

 Root channels 276

 Root exudates 134, 143, 227

 Root inoculation 41, 110, 137

 Root nodulation 173, 190

 Root pruning 202

 Root shoot ratio 1, 72, 128

 Root systems 27, 243, 248, 249, 262

 Root tips 1, 59, 90

 Root water potential 276

 Rooting 130, 250

 Rooting capacity 49

 Roots 1, 13, 15, 19, 23, 26, 27, 28, 51, 58, 59, 63, 75, 86, 88,

 105, 115, 118, 121, 122, 125, 134, 157, 164, 176, 177,

 188, 192, 198, 205, 214, 223, 227, 230, 232, 243, 246, 247, 248,

 255, 262, 268, 276, 289, 291, 294  Rootstocks 62, 243, 293

 Rotational grazing 2, 210

 Rotations 23, 28, 96, 118, 154, 196, 233, 259

 Rumex acetosa 38

 Russia 17

 Russian knapweed 251

 Russula 25, 83, 257

 Sampling 230

 Sandy loam soils 181

 Sandy soils 108

 Saprophytes 82

 Schizachyrium scoparium 155, 225, 229

 Sclerodermatales 25

 Sclerotia 264

 Scots pine 39

 Screening 252

 Scrubber sludge 225

 Scytalidium 130

 Seasonal fluctuations 291

 Seasonal growth 114

 Seasonal variation 3, 55, 113, 210, 253, 274

 Secondary metabolites 175

 Seed certification 217, 236

 Seed characteristics 116

 Seed germination 48, 295

 Seed inoculation 5, 59, 107, 122, 148

 Seed pathology 48, 235, 295

 Seed production 156, 217

 Seed storage 48, 295

 Seed testing 141

 Seed weight 254

 Seedbeds 202

 Seedborne fungi 141, 217, 236

 Seedling culture 183

 Seedling growth 1, 90, 183

 Seedlings 5, 6, 10, 13, 29, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46,

 47, 50, 52, 54, 58, 59, 61, 63, 67, 75, 76, 77, 78, 89, 101, 102,

 107, 108, 109, 111, 120, 121, 131, 144, 146,

 153, 160, 161, 166, 172, 179, 197, 200, 202, 203, 207, 211, 216,

 223, 228, 255, 256, 257, 265, 266, 274, 282

 Seedlings, Container 297

 Seeds 5, 148, 228, 254, 267, 277

 Selection responses 116

 Senescence 147

 Sequoia gigantea 282

 Sequoia sempervirens 61

 Sesbania 230

 Sesbania grandiflora 230

 Setaria pumila 204

 Sethoxydim 136, 234

 Sex hormones 220

 Sexual reproduction 83

 Shade 266

 Shading 89

 Sheep 209

 Shelterwood 131

 Shoot cuttings 49, 130, 250

 Shoot pruning 195

 Shoot tip culture 49

 Shoots 8, 15, 38, 51, 59, 63, 121, 125, 128, 129, 193, 195, 230,

 232, 243, 256, 268, 294

 Silt loam soils 259

 Simazine 136

 Site factors 108, 166, 265

 Site preparation 44, 192

 Slash 292

 Soil 223

 Soil acidity 88, 243

 Soil alkalinity 243

 Soil amendments 59, 189

 Soil analysis 65

 Soil and water conservation 21

 Soil bacteria 19, 123, 177, 219

 Soil biology 259, 279

 Soil chemistry 259

 Soil enzymes 246

 Soil fauna 260

 Soil fertility 18, 167, 261, 287, 291

 Soil flora 20, 84, 260

 Soil fumigation 23, 61, 120, 155, 164, 207, 259, 282

 Soil fungi 25, 55, 56, 57, 158, 177, 205, 242, 288

 Soil inoculation 13, 14, 58, 68, 78, 86, 92, 101, 108, 130, 139,

 146, 148, 153, 158, 172, 188, 194, 197, 207, 216, 219, 230, 257,

 269, 287, 290, 293, 294

 Soil organic matter 112

 Soil ph 58, 82, 88, 94, 276, 289

 Soil properties 172, 294

 Soil salinity 177

 Soil solarization 164

 Soil solution 237

 Soil sterilization 20

 Soil temperature 140

 Soil types 90, 211

 Soil water 140

 Soil water potential 15, 276

 Soil water regimes 110

 Solanum tuberosum 88, 126, 157

 Solubility 276

 Somatic embryogenesis 145

 Sophora secundiflora 187

 Sorbus aucuparia 171

 Sorghastrum nutans 229

 Sorghum bicolor 8, 15, 118

 Sorghum bicolor x sorghum sudanense 196

 South Dakota 28

 South east england 88

 Southern states of U.S.A. 270

 Soybean 117

 Spain 59

 Spatial distribution 267

 Spatial variation 188

 Species 25, 205, 210, 239, 246

 Species differences 221

 Spectral analysis 4

 Spectroscopy 119

 Spodosols 162

 Spore germination 56, 132, 143, 262, 295

 Spores 35, 45, 205, 257, 291

 Sporobolus airoides 225

 Sporulation 280

 Spraying 35

 Spread 267

 Spring 136

 Stagonospora 11

 Stand characteristics 71

 Stand establishment 79, 131, 162, 265

 Steers 70, 103, 114, 238, 261

 Stems 90, 126, 207

 Sterilizing 130

 Stocking rate 103, 114, 299

 Stomatal resistance 128

 Stony soils 108

 Storage 104

 Storage decay 253

 Storage disorders 174

 Strain differences 128

 Strains 222, 228, 282

 Straw mulches 67

 Stress 75

 Stress response 97, 128, 157

 Strip mine land 104

 Structure 31

 Substrates 294

 Suillus 25, 64, 71

 Suillus granulatus 31, 273

 Suillus luteus 89, 161

 Superphosphate 88

 Superphosphates 102

 Survival 20, 30, 36, 73, 77, 84, 104, 109, 111, 144, 147, 155, 166,

 187, 192, 202, 216, 223, 228, 265, 265, 277, 294, 298

 Sward renovation 136

 Sweden 17, 81, 82, 83, 222

 Symbionts 14, 134, 255

 Symbiosis 6, 8, 10, 33, 37, 55, 57, 69, 81, 91, 122, 126, 127, 138,

 143, 146, 159, 165, 169, 173, 195, 198, 215, 231, 242, 266, 294

 Synergism 146, 268, 269

 Syngonium podophyllum 294

 Synthesis 215

 Systemic action 48

 Taxonomy 113

 Taxus 272

 Temperature 29

 Temporal variation 289

 Tennessee 70, 104, 210

 Testing 98

 Texas 187, 199, 279

 Thailand 279

 Thelephora terrestris 25, 43, 46, 89, 125, 144, 183, 197 

 Thigmotropism 105

 Thuja plicata 120, 282, 292

 Tillage 21, 51, 96

 Tillering 33, 156, 213

 Tillers 95

 Timing 123, 234, 237, 253

 Tissue culture 53, 126, 145

 Tolerance 97

 Toxicity 11, 263

 Toxins 175

 Transfer 188, 194

 Translocation 84, 134, 245

 Transmission 277

 Transpiration 128

 Transplanting 5, 41, 43, 47, 86, 107, 108, 122, 144, 203, 223, 287,

 292

 Transplants 52, 284

 Treatment 62, 73

 Trees 22, 203, 297

 Tricholoma 25

 Trifolium 210

 Trifolium pratense 38, 143, 266

 Trifolium repens 2, 20, 32, 66, 70, 275

 Trifolium subterraneum 239

 Triple superphosphate 58

 Triterpenoids 272

 Triticum aestivum 56, 177

 Tropical climate 290

 Tropical soils 172

 Tsuga heterophylla 43

 U.S.A. 97, 203

 U.S.S.R. 91

 Uk 66

 Ukraine 17

 Ultrastructure 138, 157, 264

 Uniola paniculata 189

 Uptake mechanisms 290

 Urea 12

 Use efficiency 33, 230

 Vaccinium angustifolium 53, 130

 Vaccinium corymbosum 65, 250, 288

 Vaccinium macrocarpon 253

 Variations 127

 Varietal effects 69

 Varietal reactions 201

 Vectors 267

 Vegetation types 166

 Vermiculite 283

 Vertical transmission 285

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae 19, 56, 69, 91, 92, 143, 165, 167,

 171, 172, 173, 184, 195, 205, 237, 239, 247, 249, 265, 275, 282,

 283, 284, 291

 Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas 15, 18, 26, 28, 33, 38, 51, 55,

 57, 58, 62, 68, 73, 85, 87, 88, 101, 102, 105, 112, 118, 120, 122,

 123, 132, 135, 137, 140, 146, 148, 150, 155, 157, 162, 164, 180,

 185, 186, 196, 204, 207, 214, 219, 224, 225, 229, 230, 231, 241,

 242, 243, 244, 246, 248, 256, 262, 268, 269, 287, 289, 290, 292,

 293, 294, 296

 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas 251, 286

 Viability 48, 267, 295

 Vigna 80, 205

 Vigna parkeri 162

 Vigor 192

 Virgin lands 288

 Virginia 5

 Waste water treatment 11

 Water availability 237

 Water stress 32, 128, 237, 296

 Water transfer 296

 Water uptake 27, 296

 Weed control 67

 Weight 20, 59, 153, 164, 207, 294

 Weight gain 103

 West Virginia 99

 Western australia 58, 239

 Wheat grasses 251

 Wildfires 140

 Wisconsin 76, 78, 253

 Woodlands 180

 Woody plants 187, 190

 Xylem 15

 Xylem water potential 128

 Yield components 92, 95, 177, 254

 Yield increases 259

 Yield response functions 65, 168, 172, 288

 Yields 8, 85, 98, 149

 Young animals 114

 Zea mays 15, 28, 51, 110, 112, 132, 158, 167, 170, 186, 188, 193,

 214, 219, 259

 Zeranol 220

 Zinc 72, 84, 151, 207, 289

 Zoysia 218