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Jerry C. Ritchie United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory BARC-West, Bldg. 007 Beltsville, MD 20705 USA |
Carole A. Ritchie Botanical Consultant 12224 Shadetree Lane Laurel, MD 20708 USA |
USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory Occasional Paper HRSL-2008-01 April 1, 2008
Please provide citations for any missing publications to Jerry C. Ritchie (jerry.ritchie@ars.usda.gov).
1. INTRODUCTION
Soil erosion and its subsequent redeposition across the landscape is a major concern around the world. A quarter century of research has shown that measurements of the spatial patterns of radioactive fallout 137Cesium can be used to measure soil erosion and sediment deposition on the landscape. The 137Cs technique is the only technique that can be used to make actual measurements of soil loss and redeposition quickly and efficiently. By understanding the background for using the 137Cs technique to study erosion and sediment deposition on the landscape, scientists can obtain unique information about the landscape that can help them plan techniques to conserve the quality of the landscape. Research should continue on the development of the technique so that it can be used more extensively to understand the changing landscape. |
![Figure 1. Number of publications per year of 137Cs studies related to erosion and sedimentation.](http://www.ars.usda.gov/sp2UserFiles/ad_hoc/12650600Cesium137/images/csbiblioApril2008.jpg) Figure 1. Number of publications per year of 137Cs studies related to erosion and sedimentation. |
On 16 July 1945 at 1230 Greenwich Civil Time, nuclear weapon tests were begun that have released 137Cs and other radioactive nuclides into the environment. Over the 50 years since this first test, much research has been done to understand the movement and fate of 137Cs in the environment. Many of these studies are critical for understanding the application of 137Cs to the study of soil erosion and the subsequent redeposition of the eroded particles on the landscape. This bibliography presents significant background publications that are useful to studies of erosion and sediment deposition using 137Cs. The bibliography also includes citations of reported studies of the use of 137Cs to measure either erosion or sediment deposition. While the bibliography is extensive, there are certainly publications that we have missed. There has been a rapid increase in publication related to the use of 137Cs related to the erosion and sedimentation (Fig. 1). However, we feel that this bibliography does demonstrate the widespread use and acceptance of 137Cs for measuring erosion and sediment deposition. We hope it will also be useful to those using or preparing to use 137Cs and will help promote the use of 137Cs in erosion and sediment deposition research and measurements.
2. BIBLIOGRAPHY (click on a letter to jump to the corresponding alphabetic grouping)
A
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Aarkrog, A., G. Dahlgaard, L. Hallstadius, H. Hansen, and E. Holm. 1983. Radiocesium from Sellafield effluents in Greenland water. Nature 304:49-51.
Aarkrog, A., G. Dahlgaard, E.N. Karavaeva, N.V. Kulikov, K. Mittenar, I.V. Milchanov, S.P. Nielsen, V.N. Pozolotina, and G.G. Polikarpov. 1992. Long-lived radionuclide concentration in the soil and trees in nuclear accident area in the southern Urals. Ékologiya 4:50-55. (Russian)
Aarkrog, A., H. Dahlgaard, S.P. Nielsen, V.N. Pozolotina, I.V. Molchanova, E.N. Karavaeva, P.Y. Yushkov, and A.V. Trapeznikov. 1998. Study on the contribution of major nuclear incidents to radioactive contamination of the Ural region. Russian Journal of Ecology 29(1):31‑37. translated from Ékologiya (1998) 1:36‑42 (Russian)
Aarkrog, A., H. Dahlgaard, S.P. Nielsen, A.V. Trapeznikov, I.V. Molchanova, V.N. Pozolotina, E.N. Karavaeva, P.I. Yushkov, and G.G. Polikarpov. 1997. Radioactive inventories from the Kyshtym and Karachay accidents: estimates based on soil samples collected in the South Urals (1990‑1995). Science of the Total Environmental 201(2):137‑154.
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Alberts, J.J., and R.N. Muller. 1979. The distribution of 239,240Pu, 238Pu, and 137Cs in various particle size classes of Lake Michigan sediments. Journal of Environmental Quality 8:20-22.
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Document last updated on April 1, 2008. This document is a contribution of the USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory to the International Atomic Energy Agency CRP on AAssess the effectiveness of Soil Conservation techniques for sustainable watershed management and crop production using fallout radionuclides@ (D1-50-08).
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