WHILE WE SIT BACK AND ARGUE WHETHER OR NOT WE SHOULD MILITARIZE
           SPACE. I'M NOT GOING TO GO INTO ALL OF THE ARGUMENTS ON THAT,
           BUT OTHER THAN TO SIMPLY SAY THAT THIS AMENDMENT DIRECTS THE
           CONGRESSIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
           CHINA, WHICH WAS CREATED IN THE HOUSE LANGUAGE, TO MONITOR --
           THAT'S ALL WE'RE ASKING -- A NUMBER OF IMPORTANT ISSUES THAT --
           SO THAT CHINA CAN REPORT -- WE CAN REPORT ANNUALLY ON CHINESE
           SPACE CAPABILITIES AND THE ACTIVITIES THAT THE FA FACILITATE

           THE DEVELOPMENT. ALL WE'RE ASKING IN THIS AMENDMENT IS THAT IT
           BE MONITORED AS PART OF THIS COMMISSION. BUT AGAIN, SAME
           ARGUMENT. SAME OLD STORY. DON'T WASTE THE SENATE'S TIME. DON'T
           AMEND IT. IF WE AMEND THAT, WE HAVE TO CONFER WITH THE HOUSE.
           IT MIGHT TAKE A COUPLE HOURS. WHO KNOWS?
           AND COME TO A CONCLUSION. NO AMENDMENTS. WE DON'T WANT TO DELAY
           THIS THING. BUT LOOK AT THE LONG-TERM IMPLICATIONS. AN AREA
           THAT I'VE -- ANOTHER AMENDMENT THAT I'VE OFFERED, NUMBER 4, IS

           IN THE AREA OF ENVIRONMENT. I SERVE AS THE CHAIRMAN OF THE
           ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE HERE IN THE SENATE, AND
           I'M JUST GOING TO BRIEFLY EXPLAIN THIS TO THIS EXTENT. WHAT'S
           HAPPENING NOW, YOU KNOW IN AMERICA IF YOU RUN A BUSINESS, YOU
           HAVE ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS, STRICT REGULATORY E.P.A.
           REGULATED THAT YOU HAVE TO ABIDE BY. AND IT COSTS YOU MONEY.
           NOW, I'M NOT COMPLAINING. I THINK SOME OF THOSE ENVIRONMENTAL
           REGULATIONS ARE GOOD. SOME HAVE BEEN A LITTLE BIT TOO HARSH.

           BUT I THINK ON THE WHOLE, THE CLEAN AIR ACT THE CLEAN WATER
           ACT, SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT, ALL THESE BILLS AND LAWS THAT
           WE'VE PASSED DOWN THROUGH THE YEARS HAVE BEEN EFFECTIVE IN
           CLEANING UP OUR AIR, LAND AND WATER. AND I THINK COMPANIES NOW
           REALIZE THAT. HOWEVER, IT'S COST A LOT OF MONEY. BUT GETTING
           AWAY FROM THAT, THAT ASIDE, WE'VE ACCEPTED THAT THAT, WHY DO WE
           WANT TO ALLOW THE NATION OF CHINA, WHICH WE'RE NOW GIVING
           PERMANENT NORMAL TRADE RELATIONS TO, TO NOT HAVE -- ENFORCE ANY ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS?

           WHY DO WE WANT TO SAY TO CHINA, YOU CAN PRODUCE A PRODUCT, DUMP
           IT ON AMERICA'S MARKET FOR ONE-THIRD OR ONE-FOURTH OR ONE-TENTH
           OF WHAT WE CAN SELL IT FOR AND NOT HAVE TO ABIDE BY ANY OF THE
           ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS?
           DO YOU KNOW WHAT?
           CHINA'S PART OF THE WORLD. AMERICA'S PART OF THE WORLD. THE
           ATMOSPHERE AND THE OCEANS AND THE LAND, IT'S ALL PART OF ONE.
           IT'S THE GLOBE SO. WHY DO WE LET THEM OFF THE HOOK?
           WHY DO WE PUNISH OUR PEOPLE AND NOT EVEN ASK THAT THE CHINESE

           BE FORCED TO SOMEHOW ABIDE WITH JUST BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS.
           THAT'S WHY WE NEED THIS AMENDMENT. IT'S JUST SIMPLY AGAIN SAYS
           THAT THE COMMISSION WILL MONITOR THE LACK OF, FRANKLY, THE LACK
           OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS AND USE THAT AS LEVERAGE FOR WHEN
           WE TRADE WITH THEM. BUT HERE AGAIN, SAME OLD ARGUMENT. LET'S
           NOT DEBATE IT. LET'S NOT ADD IT ON. DON'T VOTE FOR THE SMITH
           AMENDMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY BECAUSE -- ENVIRONMENTAL
           REGULATION BECAUSE WE MAY HAVE TO GO TO CONFERENCE AND IT MIGHT

           SLOW THE BILL DOWN. WHY IS THE ENVIRONMENT SUCH A DISASTER IN
           CHINA TODAY?
           THE ANSWER'S SIMPLE. I'LL TELL YOU WHY. BECAUSE THE PEOPLE IN
           CHINA DON'T ENJOY POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM, THAT'S Y.
           THEY DON'T HAVE ANY CHOICE. THEY HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO BREATHE
           THAT FILTHY AIR. PER CAPITA EMISSIONS IN CHINA ARE 75% HIGHER
           THAN IN BRAZIL, WHICH HAS AN ECONOMY OF SIMILAR SIZE. THE
           DIFFERENCE IS, COMMUNISM DOESN'T WORK. AND A PROSPEROUS ECONOMY

           AND A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT CAN GO TOGETHER. A FREE PEOPLE
           WOULDN'T CONSENT TO THIS TYPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER, AND DO
           YOU KNOW WHAT?
           WE SHOULDN'T CONSENT TO IT EITHER. BUT WE ARE. WE ARE SAYING,
           NO PROBLEM, DON'T WANT TO HAVE A CONFERENCE, DON'T WANT TO
           WASTE ANY TIME, DON'T WANT TO TAKE AN EXTRA DAY OR TWO TO ADD
           AN AMENDMENT HERE THAT SAYS WE'RE GOING TO MONITOR CHINA'S LACK
           OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS. NO PROBLEM. DON'T
           TO WANT SLOW IT DOWN. WELL, THAT'S WHAT MY AMENDMENT DOES. SO

           IF YOU FEEL THAT IT'S FINE, THAT CHINA CONTINUES TO POLLUTE AT
           75% HIGHER THE RATE OF ANY OTHER COUNTRY IN THE WORLD FOR THE
           MOST PART, YOU DON'T CARE, YOU WANT TO JUST KEEP RIGHT ON
           TRADING WITH THEM, KEEP RIGHT ON MAKING PROFITS, KEEP ON
           FEEDING THEM, FINE. FORMER U.N. AMBASSADOR GENE KIRKPATRICK
           ONCE CRITICIZED MY COLLEAGUES ACROSS THE AISLE ON THE DEMOCRAT
           SIDE FOR THEIR TENDENCY TO -- QUOTE -- "BLAME AMERICA FIRST.
           THAT IS, FOR THEIR BELIEF THAT THERE MUST BE SOMETHING WRONG
           WITH THIS GREAT NATION THAT CAUSES THE WORLD'S ILLS. WELL, KEEP
           THAT IN MIND WHEN YOU CONSIDER MY AMENDMENT. IF LAWS SUCH AS

           THE CLEAN AIR ACT AND THE CLEAN WATER ACT ARE NECESSARY FOR THE
           ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OF THIS NATION, THEN SHOULDN'T THEY BE
           BENEFICIAL TO CHINA AS WELL?
           DO WE REALLY WANT TO MAKE A PROFIT SO BADLY THAT WE'RE WILLING
           TO SAY, LET THOSE PEOPLE LIVE IN THAT FILTH, IN THAT DIRTY AIR,
           LET THAT DIRTY AIR MOVE OUT OF CHINA AND ACROSS THE OCEANS AND
           INTO OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD?
           DO WE REALLY WANT TO MAKE A PROFIT THAT BADLY?

           IF WE DO, SHAME ON US. SHAME ON US. LET ME TELL YOU ONE OF THE
           MOST SHAMEFUL TWO MORE ISSUES -- TWO MORE AMENDMENTS, AMENDMENT
           NUMBER FIVE, ONE OF THE MOST SHAMEFUL EXPERIENCES -- ISSUES
           THAT'S OCCURRING IN TERMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN THE
           COUNTRY OF CHINA. AND HERE AGAIN, I'VE ALREADY HEARD THE
           ARGUMENT, I'VE ALREADY BEEN TOLD BY COLLEAGUES, DON'T OFFER
           THIS AMENDMENT BECAUSE WE DON'T WANT TO DELAY THE PROCESS
           AGAIN. WELL, I THINK THE PICTURE I HAVE UP HERE, IT'S NOT

           PLEASANT TO LOOK AT -- I DON'T LIKE TO LOOK AT IT -- BUT THE
           AMERICAN PEOPLE NEED TO SEE THIS PICTURE. MY COLLEAGUES NEED TO
           SEE IT. THIS AMENDMENT THAT I'M OFFERING SEEKS TO IMPROVE THE
           QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ORPHANS LIKE THIS LITTLE GIRL WHO ARE
           CURRENTLY WAITING TO BE ADOPTED OUT OF CHINESE ORPHANAGES. WHAT
           A HORRIBLE EXPERIENCE TO BE A CHILD IN A CHINESE ORPHANAGE?
           BUT DO YOU KNOW WHAT WE'RE SAYING?
           NO PROBLEM. NO PROBLEM. THAT'S CHINA. HEY, WE NEED TO SELL OUR

           WHEAT, MAN. WE NEED TO SELL OUR CORN. WE NEED TO MAKE A PROFIT.
           WE'LL JUST IGNORE THAT. THAT WILL TAKE CARE OF ITSELF. WE DON'T
           HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT IT. DO YOU KNOW WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THAT
           WAS IN AR ORPHANAGE IN THE UNITED STATES?
           WE ALL KNOW WHAT WOULD HAPPEN, AND JUSTIFIABLY SO. IT WOULD BE
           SHUT DOWN. THE GOVERNMENT WOULD BE IN THERE LIKE HORNETS, AS
           WELL THEY SHOULD BE. BUT WE'RE NOT GOING TO WORRY ABOUT IT.
           IT'S CHINA. IT'S NOT OUR COUNTRY. DON'T WORRY ABOUT IT. NOW, WE
           CAN'T SHUT THEIR ORPHANAGES DONE. NOT PROPOSING TO DO THAT. BUT

           WE CAN MONITOR IT AND WE CAN SAY TO THE CHINESE, IF PNTR
           PASSES, YOU KEEP THIS UP AND WE'RE NOT GOING TO TRADE YOU OUR
           CORN. BUT OH NO, THAT MIGHT MESS UP THE DEAL. OKAY?
           WE WOULD -- IT WOULD ENCOURAGE THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT, THIS
           AMENDMENT, TO PROVIDE SPECIFIC DATA, SUCH AS THE SURVIVAL RATES
           OF ORPHANS LIKE THIS YOUNG LADY, CERTIFY THAT ORPHANS ARE
           RECEIVING PROPER MEDICAL AND NUTRITIONAL CARE, AND SHOW THAT
           ALL EFFORTS ARE BEING MADE TO HELP THE CHILDREN, PARTICULARLY
           THOSE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS, WHO ARE THE ONES THAT ARE THE MOST

           PUNISHED IN THESE ORPHANAGES TO BE ADOPTED INTO LOVING HOMES BY
           WAY OF CHINESE, INTERNATIONAL OR U.S. ADOPTION AGENCIES. HOW
           CAN WE IGNORE THIS?
           HOW CAN ANYBODY IN GOOD CONSCIENCE SAY, SENATOR SMITH, YOU'RE
           RIGHT, THIS IS A TERRIBLE ATROCITY. BUT WE'RE NOT GOING TO PUT
           THIS ON THE BILL BECAUSE IT MIGHT DELAY 9 BILL AND IT MIGHT
           CAUSE A PROBLEM WITH THE CHINESE AND WE MIGHT NOT GET PNTR
           PASSED. HOW CAN YOU SAY THAT?

           THE CONDITIONS OF MILLIONS OF ORPHANS IN CHINA ARE DEPLORABLE,
           JUST LIKE THIS. MANY CHINESE PEOPLE WANT AND FRANKLY FEEL THEY
           NEED TO HAVE A BABY BOY WITH THE EXPECTATIONS THAT A SON WILL
           TAKE CARE OF THEM WHEN THEY'RE OLD. THE SON CARRIES THE FAMILY
           NAME. IT'S CONSIDERED HONORABLE TO HAVE A SON. NOT SO WITH A
           GIRL. A GIRL IS EXPECTED TO GROW UP TO LEAVE THE FAMILY WITH
           HER HUSBAND AND WILL NOT CARE FOR HER PARENTS WHEN THEY'RE OLD.
           IF A CHINESE WOMAN BEARS A BABY GIRL, MANY TIMES THEY WILL DROP

           HER OFF ANONYMOUSLY AT AN ORPHANAGE, SOMETIMES THEY ABANDON
           HER, KILL HER OUTRIGHT OR THROW HER INTO THE GARBAGE. OR EVEN
           WORSE, AS SENATOR HELMS I THINK IS GOING TO TALK ABOUT SHORTLY,
           ABORT THE CHILD WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF THE MOTHER. IT'S
           UNBELIEVABLE WHAT THESE LITTLE CHILDREN SUFFER. SOME ARE LUCKY
           AND THEY GET ADOPTED. BUT BELIEVE ME, NOT MANY. AMERICANS THAT
           ADOPTED 20,000 CHINESE BABY GIRLS. SOME BABIES LEAVE CHINA FOR

           AMERICA EVERY MONTH. HOWEVER, SOME OF THESE LITTLE GIRLS AND
           BABY BOYS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS ARE LEFT TO LANGUISH AND DIE IN
           DARK, ROTTING ROOMS AND STATE-RUN ORPHANAGES IN CHINA. AND HOW
           CAN YOU IGNORE IT?
           HOW CAN YOU COME DOWN HERE AND SAY, "WE'RE GOING TO IGNORE ALL
           THIS AND GIVE THEM PERMANENT NORMAL TRADE RELATIONS"?
           ONE OF MY CONSTITUENTS, A YOUNG COUPLE, CAME TO ME A FEW MONTHS
           AGO AND THEY WERE HERE ON A GREEN CARD. AND THEY SAID, YOU
           KNOW, SENATOR, IF I GO BACK, I'M PREGNANT. THEY'VE TOLD ME

           THEY'RE GOING TO ABORT MY CHILD. I WANT MY CHILD. ONE OF THE
           GREATEST EXPERIENCES I'VE EVER HAD WAS CRYING WITH THEM WHEN WE
           GOT THAT -- THEIR DEPORTATION BLOCKED AND SHE HAD THAT BABY
           RIGHT HERE IN AMERICA. YOU CAN'T IGNORE THIS KIND OF HORRIBLE
           ATROCITIES. MANY OF THESE BABIES WERE NOT EVEN FED OR GIVEN
           WATER. SOME WERE STARVED TO COST-BENEFIT. -- SOME WERE STARVED
           TO DEATH. WHY IS IT SO BAD?
           WHY IS IT SO HARMFUL, I PLEAD WITH MY COLLEAGUES, TO SAY LET'S
           ASK THE COMMISSION TO REPORT ON THIS IN PNTR?

           IS THAT SO BAD?
           IS THAT SO TERRIBLE?
           THAT MAYBE THE HOUSE HAS TO AGREE WITH ME AND YOU GUYS -- AND
           THE CONFEREES HAVE TO AGREE AND SEND IT BACK OVER?
           FOR ANOTHER FIVE MINUTES OF DEBATE?
           REALLY?
           THIS BABY GIRL IS NE MING. DO YOU KNOW WHAT NEMING MEANS IN
           CHINA?
           NO NAME. SHE WAS DISCOVERED IN ONE OF THESE ORPHANAGES IN 1995.

           AND ACCORDING TO THE ORPHANAGE STAFF, NE MING BECAME SICK AND
           THEY HAD NO MEDICATION FOR HER HER. NONE. SO THEY PUT HER IN A
           BACK ROOM UNDER A PILE OF CLOTHES AND THEY SHUT THE DOOR. THIS
           IS A PICTURE OF HER AT TEN DAYS WITHOUT FOOD OR WATER IN AN
           ORPHANAGE. SHE LIVED ANOTHER FOUR DAYS JUST LIKE THAT AND THEN
           SHE DIED. THE ORPHANAGE DENIED THAT SHE EVEN EXISTED. THEY SAID
           SHE WAS NEVER THERE. THESE WONDERFUL PEOPLE, THIS CHINESE

           GOVERNMENT THAT ALLOWS THIS -- NOT THE PEOPLE, THE GOVERNMENT
           THAT ALLOWS THIS TO TAKE PLACE. THE ONLY REMAINING MEMORY OF NE
           MING -- LET'S HOLD IT UP HERE -- THE ONLY REMAINING MEMORY OF
           NE MING IS THIS PHOTOGRAPH RIGHT HERE. AND I SAY TO MY
           COLLEAGUES, IN THE NAME OF NE MING, PLEASE, PASS THIS
           AMENDMENT. PASS THIS AMENDMENT. LET THE HOUSE TAKE A FEW

           MINUTES TO ADD LANGUAGE IN THERE THAT THE COMMISSION IN THE
           NAME OF NE MING COULD REPORT ON THIS KIND OF ATROCITY AS YOU
           REAP YOUR PROFITS. IS THAT ASKING TOO MUCH?
           SOME ORPHANAGE IN THE 1990'S HAD DEATH RATES ESTIMATED AS HIGH
           AS 90%. 90%. I'VE HEARD REPORTS THAT SINCE THE PUBLIC SCRUTINY
           OF THE LAST DECADE, THE CONDITIONS IN THE CHINESE ORPHANAGES
           HAVE IMPROVED, AND I'VE -- I'D LIKE TO THANK THE CHINESE
           GOVERNMENT IF THAT IS, INDEED, TRUE. BUT I -- IT WOULD BE NICE

           TO HAVE THIS AS PART OF THE LANGUAGE TO FIND OUT. THE LAST
           AMENDMENT, MR. PRESIDENT -- AND THEN I WON'T DELAY THE SENATE
           ANY LONGER. SENATOR BOB SMITH WILL NO LONGER HOLD UP THE SENATE
           BUSINESS AND WILL BE ABLE TO PASS PNTR AND IGNORE AWFUL THESE
           THINGS, IGNORE ALL THE AMENDMENTS. WE'LL BE ABLE TO MOVE ON.
           MAKE OUR PROFITS. SO JUST A FEW MORE MINUTES. ORGAN HARVESTING
           IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. DO YOU THINK THAT'S BAD
           RIGHT THERE?
           IT'S BAD. LET ME TELL YOU, OR BEGAN HARVESTING. DO YOU KNOW IN

           AMERICA WHAT ORGAN HARVESTING MEANS?
           AMERICA IS YOU WILLINGLY DONATE YOUR KIDNEY TO YOUR SISTER OR
           TO YOUR BROTHER OR TO YOUR MOTHER OR DAD, OR YOUR HEART WHEN
           YOU DIE IN AN ACCIDENT. YOU GIVE SO THAT SOMEONE ELSE MAY HAVE
           LIFE. THAT'S ORGAN DONORS. ORGAN HARVESTING IN THE PEOPLE'S
           REPUBLIC OF CHINA, SPONSORED BY THIS CHINESE GOVERNMENT THAT
           WE'RE SO HELL-BENT TO HELP, LET'S TELL WHAT YOU THEY DO. THEY

           TAKE PRISONERS -- AND WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT MURDERERS HERE,
           WE'RE TALK ABOUT PRISONERS WHO HAVE FOR THE MOST PART SOMETIMES
           MINOR CRIMES -- AND THEY TAKE THEIR ORGANS SO THAT THEY CAN
           PLACE THEM IN MILITARY OFFICERS OR OTHER HIGH, IMPORTANT PEOPLE
           IN THE COMMUNIST HIERARCHY. THIS -- IN 1997, ABC NEWS TELEVISED
           A VERY SHOCKING DOCUMENTARY ON THE PRACTICE OF -- ON THIS
           PRACTICE OF ORGAN HARVESTING IN COMMUNIST CHINA. THE

           DOCUMENTARY -- THIS IS ABC NOW, NOT SMITH TALK -- DEPICTED
           PRISONERS WHO WERE VIDEOTAPED -- PRISONERS WHO WERE VIDEOTAPED
           -- LINED UP, EXECUTED BY A BULLET TO THE HEAD, A TECHNIQUE OF
           EXECUTION WHICH UNLIKE LETHAL INJECTION PRESERVES THE ORGANS
           FOR HARVESTING. NOW, DON'T TELL ME IT DOESN'T GO ON AND DON'T
           TELL ME YOU'RE GOING TO IGNORE IT, BECAUSE IT GOES ON, IT
           HAPPENS. PROBABLY HAPPENING RIGHT NOW AS I SPEAK. THIS
           DOCUMENTARY CLAIMED THAT PRISONERS ARE EXECUTED ROUTINELY AND
           THEIR ORGANS ARE SOLD TO PEOPLE WILLING TO PAY AS MUCH AS

           $30,000 FOR A KIDNEY KIDNEY. HUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS HAVE
           ESTIMATED AT THE TIME THE ABC DOCUMENTARY AIRED THAT
{END: 2000/09/12 TIME: 18-30 , Tue.  106TH SENATE, SECOND SESSION}