pmc logo imageJournal ListSearchpmc logo image
Logo of amjphAmerican Journal of Public Health Web SiteAmerican Public Health Association Web SiteSubmissionsSubscriptionsAbout Us
Am J Public Health. 1987 March; 77(3): 291–295.
PMCID: PMC1646905
Norwalk-like gastroenteritis epidemic in a Toronto hospital.
W D Leers, G Kasupski, R Fralick, S Wartman, J Garcia, and W Gary
Abstract
An epidemic of gastroenteritis in a teaching hospital affected 57 patients and 69 staff over a 26-day period. The index case was a patient admitted with acute abdominal pain and diarrhea two days prior to the outbreak. The epidemic curve indicated person-to-person transmission. The incubation period, duration and types of symptoms were typical of Norwalk gastroenteritis, and Norwalk-like virus particles, serologically different from the prototype Norwalk virus strain, were observed in 17 of 20 fecal specimens examined by immune-electron microscopy.
Full text
Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.2M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.
Images in this article
Click on the image to see a larger version.
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
  • Greenberg, HB; Valdesuso, J; Yolken, RH; Gangarosa, E; Gary, W; Wyatt, RG; Konno, T; Suzuki, H; Chanock, RM; Kapikian, AZ. Role of Norwalk virus in outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. J Infect Dis. 1979 May;139(5):564–568. [PubMed]
  • Greenberg, HB; Valdesuso, J; Kapikian, AZ; Chanock, RM; Wyatt, RG; Szmuness, W; Larrick, J; Kaplan, J; Gilman, RH; Sack, DA. Prevalence of antibody to the Norwalk virus in various countries. Infect Immun. 1979 Oct;26(1):270–273. [PubMed]
  • Black, RE; Greenberg, HB; Kapikian, AZ; Brown, KH; Becker, S. Acquisition of serum antibody to Norwalk Virus and rotavirus and relation to diarrhea in a longitudinal study of young children in rural Bangladesh. J Infect Dis. 1982 Apr;145(4):483–489. [PubMed]
  • Kaplan, JE; Feldman, R; Campbell, DS; Lookabaugh, C; Gary, GW. The frequency of a Norwalk-like pattern of illness in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. Am J Public Health. 1982 Dec;72(12):1329–1332. [PubMed]
  • Kaplan, JE; Gary, GW; Baron, RC; Singh, N; Schonberger, LB; Feldman, R; Greenberg, HB. Epidemiology of Norwalk gastroenteritis and the role of Norwalk virus in outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Jun;96(6 Pt 1):756–761. [PubMed]
  • Griffin, MR; Surowiec, JJ; McCloskey, DI; Capuano, B; Pierzynski, B; Quinn, M; Wojnarski, R; Parkin, WE; Greenberg, H; Gary, GW. Foodborne Norwalk virus. Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Feb;115(2):178–184. [PubMed]
  • Gunn, RA; Janowski, HT; Lieb, S; Prather, EC; Greenberg, HB. Norwalk virus gastroenteritis following raw oyster consumption. Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Mar;115(3):348–351. [PubMed]
  • Kaplan, JE; Schonberger, LB; Varano, G; Jackman, N; Bied, J; Gary, GW. An outbreak of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in a nursing home. Demonstration of person-to-person transmission by temporal clustering of cases. Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Dec;116(6):940–948. [PubMed]
  • Gustafson, TL; Kobylik, B; Hutcheson, RH; Schaffner, W. Protective effect of anticholinergic drugs and psyllium in a nosocomial outbreak of Norwalk gastroenteritis. J Hosp Infect. 1983 Dec;4(4):367–374. [PubMed]
  • Kuritsky, JN; Osterholm, MT; Greenberg, HB; Korlath, JA; Godes, JR; Hedberg, CW; Forfang, JC; Kapikian, AZ; McCullough, JC; White, KE. Norwalk gastroenteritis: a community outbreak associated with bakery product consumption. Ann Intern Med. 1984 Apr;100(4):519–521. [PubMed]
  • Brondum, J; Spitalny, KC; Vogt, RL; Godlewski, K; Madore, HP; Dolin, R. Snow Mountain agent associated with an outbreak of gastroenteritis in Vermont. J Infect Dis. 1985 Oct;152(4):834–837. [PubMed]
  • Lieb, S; Gunn, RA; Medina, R; Singh, N; May, RD; Janowski, HT; Woodward, WE. Norwalk virus gastroenteritis. An outbreak associated with a cafeteria at a college. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Feb;121(2):259–268. [PubMed]
  • O'Neil, AE; Richen, D; Lundrie, P. A waterborne epidemic of acute infectious non-bacterial gastroenteritis in Alberta, Canada. Can J Public Health. 1985 76(3):199–203.May–Jun; [PubMed]
  • Kapikian, AZ; Wyatt, RG; Dolin, R; Thornhill, TS; Kalica, AR; Chanock, RM. Visualization by immune electron microscopy of a 27-nm particle associated with acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis. J Virol. 1972 Nov;10(5):1075–1081. [PubMed]
  • Gary, GW, Jr; Kaplan, JE; Stine, SE; Anderson, LJ. Detection of Norwalk virus antibodies and antigen with a biotin-avidin immunoassay. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Aug;22(2):274–278. [PubMed]
  • Greenberg, HB; Wyatt, RG; Valdesuso, J; Kalica, AR; London, WT; Chanock, RM; Kapikian, AZ. Solid-phase microtiter radioimmunoassay for detection of the Norwalk strain of acute nonbacterial, epidemic gastroenteritis virus and its antibodies. J Med Virol. 1978;2(2):97–108. [PubMed]
  • Appleton, H; Buckley, M; Thom, BT; Cotton, JL; Henderson, S. Virus-like particles in winter vomiting disease. Lancet. 1977 Feb 19;1(8008):409–411. [PubMed]
  • Oshiro, LS; Haley, CE; Roberto, RR; Riggs, JL; Croughan, M; Greenberg, H; Kapikian, A. A 27-nm virus isolated during an outbreak of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis in a convalescent hospital: a possible new serotype. J Infect Dis. 1981 Jun;143(6):791–795. [PubMed]