Clicking on the genera below, will take you to the first species of that genera in the list.
Antonina • Brevennia • Crisicoccus • Dysmicoccus • Exallomochlus • Ferrisia • Formicococcus • Hordelicoccus • Hypogeococcus • Maconellicoccus • Nipaecoccus • Palmicultor • Paracoccus • Paraputo • Phenacoccus • Planococcus • Pseudococcus • Puto • Rastrococcus • Saccharicoccus • Vryburgia
Common name: Rhodesgrass scale
Field Characters: Body broadly oval to circular; rotund in lateral view; body dark purple or brown; without lateral wax filaments; enclosed in a white, felted sac that turns yellow with age; usually with a long, slender, white waxy tube protruding through a hole in the ovisac at the posterior end of the body. Usually present on the crown or nodes of the grass host. Ovoviviparous, first instars are cream colored. Legs absent.
Validation Characters: Legs absent or represented by sclerotized pockets; antennae reduced to 2 or 3 segments; spiracles with trilocular pores only, present in sclerotized band surrounding spiracular atrium; clusters of discoidal pores in ventrosubmarginal areas of abdominal segments II or III to VII or VIII; without dorsal and dorsomarginal band of multilocular pores; abdominal segments not forming sclerotized plate-like structures on segments III or IV to VIII; anal ring at apex of internal tube.
Common name: Nakahara grass mealybug
Field Characters: Field characters not recorded. Body broadly oval to circular; without lateral filaments; enclosed in a white, felted sac that usually has a thin, white waxy tube protruding through a hole in the ovisac at the posterior end of the body. Usually present at the nodes of bamboo shoots. Legs absent.
Validation characters: Legs absent or represented by inconspicuous sclerotized area, sometimes with small setae; antennae reduced to 2 or 3 segments; spiracles with trilocular pores only, present in sclerotized band surrounding spiracular atrium; clusters of discoidals in ventrosubmarginal areas of metathorax to abdominal segments IV, V, or VI; with dorsomarginal band of multilocular pores around body; abdominal segments not forming sclerotized plate-like structures on segments III or IV to VIII; anal ring at apex of internal tube; with an average of 1 and range of 0 to 4 ventral multilocular pores within area delimited by lateral margin of discoidal pore clusters on each side of segment IV.
Common name: Tuttle mealybug
Field Characters: Body elongate; pink; dorsum lightly dusted with white wax, allowing body color to come through; without bare areas; venter and infested leaf sheaths with fluffy white wax; 1 pair of inconspicuous wax filaments; poorly developed ovisac present ventrally and behind female. Usually present in leaf sheaths of grass host. Oviparous, eggs pink.
Validation Characters: Quinquelocular pores present on dorsum and venter; circulus absent; cerarii absent, reduced to anal-lobe pair, or with up to 4 pairs (anterior pairs represented by single conical seta); multilocular pores on dorsum and venter; trilocular pores rare, present ventrally near spiracles and on dorsal thorax; antennae 6- or 7-segmented; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia.
Common name: Azalea mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; possibly purple; legs probably yellow; lateral filaments short, inconspicuous or absent on head and thorax, short and about same length on abdomen; ovisac secretion white, felted, not covering dorsum, but developed ventrally;. Occurring on stems and leaves, normally on azaleas. Oviparous, eggs purple.
Validation Characters: Fewer than 18 pairs of cerarii; dorsal setae on posterior 2 or 3 abdominal segments filamentous, about same length or longer than cerarian setae; dorsal setae on thorax conspicuously shorter than ventral setae; anal bar present; cerarii without filamentous auxilary setae except anal lobe pair.
Common name: Gray sugarcane mealybug
Field Characters: Body elongate or elongate oval; body gray; legs yellowish brown; covered by white mealy wax, without bare areas on dorsum; dorsal abdomen covered by filamentous ovisac; with 4 to 6 short lateral filaments, posterior pair longest and thickest. Usually present in leaf sheaths of sugar cane or other grass host. Oviparous, eggs yellow.
Validation Characters: Cerarii reduced to 8 or fewer pairs; dorsal oral collars abundant on abdomen, also present on thorax; with 2 conical setae in each cerarius; cerarii with auxiliary setae; translucent pores on hind coxa or hind coxa and tibia; dorsal setae filamentous.
Common name: Pineapple mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval or rotund; pink or pink-orange; legs yellowish brown; body covered by thin layer of white mealy wax allowing body color to be visible, without bare areas on dorsum; dorsal ovisac absent, a few filamentous strands on venter; with 17 pairs of conspicuous lateral wax filaments, often slightly curved, posterior pairs longest, one-third to one-half as long as body, anterior filaments shorter than posterior pairs. Occurring on all parts of plant, usually in protected area. Ovoviviparous, eggs pink.
Validation Characters: Setae on dorsomedial area of segment VIII longer than on segments VII and VI; discoidal pores present near eye; ventral multilocular pores restricted to segments VI, VII, and VIII; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia; ; 2, 3, or even 4 conical setae in abdominal cerarii; without ventral oral collars in cluster laterad of front coxa; concentration of discoidal pores in dorsomedial area of abdominal segment VIII 17 pairs of cerarii.
Common name: None
Field Characters: Field characters not recorded. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female, with body oval; legs yellow; body covered by white mealy secretion; ovisac ventral only; 17 pairs of thin wax filaments around perimeter of body. Present on stems and leaves of host. Probably oviparous.
Validation Characters: Numerous ventral oral collars laterad of front coxae; dorsal setae shorter than conical cerarian setae, stiff; discoidal pore near eye present or absent; ventral multiloculars on segments IV - VIII; 2 conical setae in each abdominal cerarius; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia.
Common name: None
Field Characters: Field characters not recorded. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female, with body broadly oval; body covered by white mealy secretion; ovisac ventral only or absent entirely, absent from dorsum; 17 pairs of thin wax filaments around perimeter of body. Present on fruit, stems, and leaves of host.
Validation Characters: Dorsal margin of body with several large oral-collar tubular ducts; cerarii, excluding anal lobe pair, usually with 3 or more conical setae; dorsal abdominal segments VII and VIII usually with setae conspicuously longer than other dorsal setae; translucent pores on hind coxa, femur, and tibia, rarely also present on trochanter; ventral multiloculars usually restricted to posterior 3 segments, rarely on segments V and VI also.
Common name: Annona mealybug
Field Characters:Body oval or rotund; gray or gray-orange; legs yellowish brown; body covered by flocculent white mealy wax, without bare areas on dorsum; dorsal ovisac absent, a few filamentous strands on venter; with 17 pairs of conspicuous lateral wax filaments, often slightly curved, posterior pairs longest, one-third to one-half as long as body, anterior filaments shorter than posterior pairs. Primarily occurring on above ground parts of host. Ovoviviparous.
Validation Characters: Discoidal pores near eye; dorsomedial setae on segment VIII about same length as those on segments VI and VII; abdominal cerarii anterior of anal-lobe pair, usually with more than 2 conical setae; ventral multiloculars normally confined to posterior 3 abdominal segments; ventral oral collars absent from laterad of anterior coxa; 17 pairs of cerarii; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia.
Common name: None
Field Characters: No field characters have been recorded in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female, with body broadly oval; legs yellow; body covered by white mealy secretion; ovisac ventral only, absent from dorsum; 17 pairs of thin wax filaments around perimeter of body. Present on roots and leaves of host.
Validation Characters: Translucent pores on hind coxa, trochanter, femur, and tibia; circulus small, about as long as wide; most cerarii with 2 conical setae; ventral multilocular pores on posterior 3 abdominal segments; ventral oral collars confined to posterior 4 abdominal segments.
Common name: None
Field Characters: We have been unable to find a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female: with body elongate oval; ovisac ventral or absent; 17 pairs of thin wax filaments around perimeter of body; body covered by white mealy secretion. Present on roots, stems, and leaves of host.
Validation Characters: Head with 6 or fewer narrow oral-collar tubular ducts between antennae; ventral multilocular pores usually confined to posterior 3 abdominal segments; normally with discoidal pores near eye; without elongate setae on dorsum of segment VIII; cerarii with filamentous auxiliary setae; 17 pairs of cerarii; with 2 conical setae in each abdominal cerarius; without oral-rim tubular ducts.
Common name: None
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Body usually rotund; orange. Based on morphology of slide mounted female, probably with 18 pairs of lateral filaments and without an ovisac. On stems and fruit of host.
Validation Characters: Cerarian setae tapering gradually with blunt tips, often curved; discoidal pores not peg shaped, oval; most cerarii with 3 or more conical setae; ventral multilocular pores on abdominal segments VII and VIII, sometimes on VI; some dorsal setae longer than cerarian setae; circulus present and rectangular or hour-glass shaped; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia.
Common name: None
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field appearance of this species in the literature. Body usually rotund. Based on morphology of slide mounted female, probably with 18 pairs of lateral filaments and without an ovisac. On stems and fruit of host.
Validation Characters: Discoidal pores peg like; cerarian setae with acute apices; ventral multilocular pores in small numbers, sometimes absent, when present restricted to vulvar area; most cerarii with 3 or more conical setae; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts showing same distribution as multiloculars; some dorsal setae longer than cerarian setae; circulus present and rectangular or hour-glass shaped; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia.
Common name: None
Field Characters: We have been unable to find a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Body usually rotund. Based on morphology of slide mounted female, probably with 18 pairs of lateral filaments and without an ovisac. On stems and fruit of host.
Validation Characters: Discoidal pores normal, circular; cerarian setae with acute apices; ventral multilocular pores on abdominal segments VI, VII, and VIII; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts restricted to abdomen; dorsal setae less than 55 µ long; most cerarii with 3 or more conical setae; circulus present and rectangular or hour-glass shaped; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia.
Common name: None
Field Characters: Body elongate oval; dark gray; legs dark brown; body covered by white mealy wax, with 2 submedial longitudinal bare areas on dorsum; dorsal ovisac absent, a few filamentous strands on venter, forming a pad; with 1 pair of conspicuous lateral wax filaments, about one half as long as body. Occurring on all parts of plant, usually in protected area. Usually ovoviviparous. With numerous thin crystalline rods protruding from dorsum.
Validation Characters: Setae associated with ferrisia-like tubular ducts not incorporated in rim; ventral multiloculars restricted to posterior 2 or 3 abdominal segments, when 3, with less than 5 multilocular pores on segment VI; 1 pair of cerarii; ferrisia-like rim around large tubular ducts.
Common name: Striped mealybug
Field Characters: Body elongate oval; body dark gray; legs dark brown; covered by white mealy wax, with 2 submedial longitudinal bare areas on dorsum; dorsal ovisac absent, a few filamentous strands on venter, forming a pad; with 1 pair of conspicuous lateral wax filaments, about 1/2 as long as body. Occurring on all parts of plant, usually in protected area. Usually ovoviviparous. With numerous thin crystalline rods protruding from dorsum.
Validation Characters: Setae associated with ferrisia-like tubular ducts incorporated in rim; ventral multiloculars present on posterior 3 abdominal segments, with more than 8 multilocular pores on segment VI; ferrisia-like rim around large tubular ducts;1 pair of cerarii.
Common name: None
Field Characters: Field characters not reported. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female, with body oval; body covered by white mealy secretion; ovisac ventral only or absent entirely; lateral filaments short and thick, surrounding body margin. Present on roots and tubers.
Validation Characters: Multiple conical setae in most abdominal cerarii including anal lobe cerarii; 18 pairs of cerarii; anal bar present; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of front coxa and on head; dorsal setae conical; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia; ventral multilocular disk pores in medial areas of segments IV to VIII.
Common name: None
Field Characters: We have been unable to find a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female: Body broadly oval; ovisac covering posterior tip of dorsum and present on venter; 18 pairs of thin lateral filaments, posterior pair longer than rest, surrounding body margin; body covered by white mealy secretion. Probably on fruit and stems of host.
Validation Characters: Oral-collar tubular duct present on dorsal surface of abdomen; largest discoidal pores slightly smaller that diameter of multilocular pores; sclerotized plate next to eye with several large discoidals; antennae 9-segemented; 18 pairs of cerarii; large oral-collar tubular ducts forming ventral band around body margin; translucent pores on hind coxa, trochanter, femur, and tibia; dorsal setae conical.
Common name: Big-eyed mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to find a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female: Body oval; ovisac absent from dorsum and present on venter; 18 pairs of thin lateral filaments, posterior pair longer than rest, surrounding body margin; body covered by white mealy secretion. Probably on fruit and stems of host.
Validation Characters: Largest discoidal pores equal to or larger than diameter of multilocular pores; oral-collar tubular ducts absent from dorsum; ventral multilocular pores on venter of abdominal segments VI or VII to VIII; sclerotized plate next to eye with several large discoidals; antennae 9-segemented; 18 pairs of cerarii; large oral-collar tubular ducts forming ventral band around body margin; translucent pores on hind coxa, trochanter, femur, and tibia; dorsal setae conical or filamentous.
Common name: None
Field Characters: Body rotund to eliptical; rounded in lateral view; body pink to pink-yellow; legs light yellow; dorsal ovisac present in all instars, covering entire dorsum, very filamentous; mealy wax lightly dusted over body, lateral filaments absent. Occurring on all above ground parts of plant, often in clumps at nodes, usually in protected areas. Oviparous, eggs pink, hatch soon after being laid.
Validation Characters: With 3 circuli; without trilocular pores; some dorsal abdominal setae conical and similar in shape and size to cerarian setae; cerarii with more than 3 conical setae; multilocular pores and oral-collar tubular ducts abundant on dorsum.
Common name: Pink hibiscus mealybug
Field Characters: Body elongate oval; body red-brown to orange-pink; legs white or light yellow; covered by white mealy wax, without bare areas on dorsum; ovisac covers dorsal surface; with 2 or 3 pair of inconspicuous lateral wax filaments, often not visible. Occurring on all above-ground parts of plant. Oviparous, eggs pink. Specimens turning black in 70% alcohol.
Validation Characters: Oral-rim tubular ducts numerous over dorsum, often with more than 30 on some abdominal segment; oral rims with distinctively shaped rim, outer edge of rim indefinite unlike most oral rims that have a definite edge; with 3 to 6 indefinite pairs of cerarii, composed of 1 or 2 conical setae and little or no concentration of basal trilocular pores; dorsal oral collars scattered over surface; anal bar present but often inconspicuous; antennae 9-segmented.
Common name: Coconut mealybug
Field Characters: Body round; somewhat flat dorsoventally; body red to brown-orange; covered by thick white or yellow-orange wax, without bare areas on dorsum; dorsal ovisac absent; with 10 to 12 pairs of broad lateral wax filaments, posterior pairs longest and thiner; anterior pairs broad and conical, longest filament about one-fourth as long as body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Apparently ovoviviparous. Dorsum with 5 to 8 waxy filaments similar in shape and size to those on lateral areas of thorax and head. Specimens turning black in 70% alcohol.
Validation Characters: Dorsal setae conical, often with conical setae in medial area of posterior abdominal segments as large as lateral cerarian setae; without dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts; abdominal cerarii each with 2 widely spaced conical setae and few associated trilocular pores; thoracic and head cerarii indefinite usually with several conical setae but few if any clustered trilocular pores; with fewer than 17 pairs of cerarii; ventral multilocular pores usually on segments V, VI, VII and VIII only, usually arranged in single row on each segment, without pores near lateral margin; without ventral oral-collar tubular ducts near body margin.
Common name: Lebbeck mealybug
Field Characters: Body round or broadly oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; purple or blue green; covered by thick white, creamy, or pale yellow wax, without bare areas on dorsum; ovisac covering dorsum; probably with 5 or 6 pairs of lateral wax filaments. Primarily occurring on foliage and fruit of host. Apparently oviparous, eggs purple. Dorsum probably with waxy filaments. Specimens turning black in 70% alcohol.
Validation Characters: Dorsal setae conical, often with conical setae in medial area of posterior abdominal segments as large as lateral cerarian setae; with numerous dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts; abdominal cerarii each with 2 closely spaced conical setae and associated trilocular pores; anterior thoracic and head cerarii indefinite; with fewer than 17 pairs of cerarii; ventral multilocular pores usually on all abdominal segments and on head; ventral abdominal multiloculars usually arranged in row on anterior and posterior margin of each segment, with pores near lateral margin; with clusters of ventral oral-collar tubular ducts near body margin.
Common name: Palm mealybug
Field Characters: Body round or broadly oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; body red-brown; some specimens covered by thick flocculent mealy wax, others with less dense wax, without bare areas on dorsum; ovisac absent; with from 8 to 14 or 15 lateral wax filaments, posterior filaments longest and broadest, sometimes coalescing, filaments on anterior thorax and head shorter and thinner, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host.
Validation Characters: Small discoidal pores on derm surrounding hind coxae; more than 3 conical setae in anal lobe cerarii; dorsal multilocular pores at least on thorax; 14 to 16 pairs of cerarii; dorsal setae filamentous, some longer than conical setae in cerarii.
Common name: Intercepted mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female: Body oval; ovisac absent from dorsum and present on venter; 15 or 16 pairs of thin lateral filaments, posterior pair longer than rest, surrounding body margin; body covered by white mealy secretion. Probably on arboreal parts of host.
Validation Characters: Cluster of ventral oral collars laterad of front coxae, often with associated multilocular pores; without ventral oral-rim tubular ducts; dorsal setae short, longest about 15 µ long, about same length as conical cerarian setae; hind coxa conspicuously larger than front coxa; oral rims scattered over dorsal surface; 18 pairs of cerarii; ventral multilocular pores on abdomen in medial areas and near lateral body margin; circulus present.
Common name: Papaya mealybug
Field Characters: Field Characters: Body elongate oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; body yellow; legs light yellow; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide yellow body, without bare areas on dorsum; ovisac ventral only; with 15 to 17 lateral wax filaments, posterior pair of filaments conspicuously longer, filaments anterior of posterior pair small, inconspicuous, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Oviparous, eggs cream or light yellow. Body turns black in 70% alcohol.
Validation Characters: Oral-rim tubular ducts restricted to margin and submargin on dorsum; translucent pores restricted to hind coxa, unusually large and abundant; ventral oral-rim tubular ducts present; ventral multilocular pores absent from lateral areas of abdomen; anal bar present; usually with 18 pairs of cerarii; dorsal setae generally equal to or shorter than conical cerarian setae.
Common name: Largeduct mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female: body round; ovisac absent from dorsum and poorly developed or absent on venter; 17 pairs of thick lateral filaments, possibly coalescing, posterior pair only sightly longer than others, surrounding body margin; body covered by thick white mealy secretion. On all parts of orchid host including roots.
Validation Characters: Oral-collar tubular ducts short, wider than long; hind legs without translucent pores; anal-lobe cerarius with more than 5 conical setae; circulus absent; dorsal setae conspicuously longer on abdominal segments VI, VII, and VIII than on remainder of surface.
Common name: None
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characteristics of this species in the literature. Based on characteristics of slide-mounted adult female: Body round; ovisac absent from dorsum and poorly developed or absent on venter; 17 pairs of thick lateral filaments, posterior pair only sightly longer than others, surrounding body margin; body covered by thick white mealy secretion. Probably on all above parts of host, reported on fruit.
Validation Characters: Ventrolateral areas of abdomen each with sclerotized area; anal ring with 12 to 16 setae; ostioles large, conspicuous; 17 pairs of cerarii; most cerarii with 2 conical setae; ventral multilocular disk pores absent from segment VIII, present on segments VI and VII, sometimes present on segment IV and V; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts present in marginal areas of segment VII, in medial areas of segments V and sometimes VI; translucent pores on hind coxa, femur, and tibia.
Common name: Franseria mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; body green; legs red; covered by thin, white, mealy wax, probably with dark submedial bare spots on intersegmental areas of thorax and abdomen on dorsum, these areas forming 1 pair of dark longitudinal lines on dorsum; dorsal ovisac covering entire dorsum; with 18 pairs of lateral wax filaments, posterior pairs longest about _ or less of length of the body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Specimens in alcohol with 1 pair of dorsosubmedial dark lines on thorax and abdomen. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Dorsomedial cerarii on midline of abdominal segments VI and VII; multilocular pores on dorsum of abdomen, absent from thorax and head; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts scattered over surface; quinquelocular pores abundant on ventral surface; 18 pairs of cerarii; denticle on claw; antennae 9-segmented.
Common name: Mexican mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; body green; legs red; covered by thin, white, mealy wax, probably with dark submedial bare spots on intersegmental areas of thorax and abdomen on dorsum, these areas forming 1 pair of dark longitudinal lines on dorsum; dorsal ovisac covering entire dorsum; with 18 pairs of lateral wax filaments, posterior pairs longest about _ or less of length of the body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Specimens in alcohol with 1 pair of dorsosubmedial dark lines on thorax and abdomen. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Although P. gossypii has been identified hundreds of times from quarantine interceptions, these determinations are mostly misidentifications of P. madeirensis. Several species of Phenacoccus other than P. franseriae, P. gossypii, P. madeirensis, P. parvus, P. solani, and P. solenopsis have been taken at US ports-of-entry including: P. avenae Borchsenius (Turkey on bulbs), P. azaleae Kuwana (Japan on azalea), P. manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Central Africa and South America on Manihot), and P. pergandei Cockerell (Japan and Korea on Diospyros, Magnolia, Malus, Prunus, Punica,and Rhododendron).
Common name: Madeira mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; body gray; legs red; covered by thin, white, mealy wax, with dark dorsosubmedial bare spots on intersegmental areas of thorax and abdomen, these areas forming 1 pair of dark longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac covering entire dorsum; with 18 pairs of lateral wax filaments, posterior pairs longest, about _ or less of length of the body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Specimens in alcohol with 1 pair dorsosubmedial dark lines on thorax and abdomen. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Cerarii-like aggregations on anterior abdomen, thorax, and head, but not on dorsomedial areas of abdominal segments VI and VII; multilocular pores on dorsum of abdomen, absent from thorax and head; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts scattered over surface; quinquelocular pores abundant on ventral surface; denticle on claw; antennae 9-segmented.
Common name: Morrison's small mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; somewhat flattened dorsoventally; body light yellow; legs yellow; body covered by thin, white, mealy wax; without bare areas; ovisac absent dorsally, present ventrally, long and cylindrical, up to 3 times length of body; with 18 pairs of lateral wax filaments, all about same length, about 1/8 or less length of body. Occurring on roots and foliage of host.
Validation Characters: Cluster of dorsomarginal oral-collar tubular ducts near 12th cerarius; multilocular disk pores absent from dorsum; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts restricted to near body margin; translucent pores present on hind tibia; circulus usually small, circular or oval; quinquelocular pores abundant on ventral surface; denticle on claw; antennae 9-segmented.
Common name: Solanum mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body color variable from light yellow to brown; legs red; covered by white, mealy wax; some specimens with medial wax crest; with faint submedial bare areas on abdomen of some specimens, these areas forming 1 pair of longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac absent; with 18 pairs of short lateral wax filaments, anterior pairs broken or very small, thim, posterior pairs broad, longest, about 1/8 or less of length of the body. Primarily occurring on subterranean parts of host, but occasionally on foliage. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Without quinquelocular pores; without dorsal multilocular pores or oral-collar tubular ducts; ventral multilocular pores normally present on segments IV to VIII; normally with 8-segmented antennae; circulus usually small, oval or round; translucent pores on hind tibia only; denticle on claw.
Common name: Solenopsis mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval, often quite large (5 mm); somewhat rounded in lateral view; dark green almost black; legs red; covered by thin, white, mealy wax, with dark dorsosubmedial bare spots on intersegmental areas of thorax and abdomen, these areas forming 1 pair of dark longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac absent from dorsum, but well developed ventally; with 18 pairs of lateral wax filaments, posterior pairs longest, up to _ of length of the body. Normally occurring on crown of host. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Without quinquelocular pores; without dorsal multilocular pores or oral-collar tubular ducts; ventral multilocular pores normally present on segmentsVI or VII to VIII; normally with 9-segmented antennae; circulus usually large and flaccid; translucent pores on apex of femur and on tibia; denticle on claw.
Common name: Citrus mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body yellow when newly molted, pink or orange-brown when fully mature; legs brown-red; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide body color; with dorsomedial bare area on dorsum forming central longitudinal stripe (more obvious than on P. ficus); ovisac ventral only, may be 2 times longer than body when fully formed; with 18 pairs of lateral wax filaments, most relatively short, often slightly curved, posterior pair slightly longer, filaments anterior of posterior pair small, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Oviparous, eggs yellow. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: More than 5 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts between antennae; 6 or more ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of middle coxae (count both sides); translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia; usually with 1 or more dorsolateral tubular ducts that often appear as oral rims; no auxiliary setae; anal bar present; 18 pairs of cerarii.
Common name: Vine mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body yellow when newly molted, pink or orange-brown when fully mature; legs brown-red; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide body color; with dorsomedial bare area on dorsum forming central longitudinal stripe (not as obvious as on P. citri); ovisac ventral only, may be 2 times longer than body when fully formed; with 18 lateral wax filaments, most relatively short, often slightly curved, posterior pair slightly longer, filaments anterior of posterior pair small, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Oviparous, eggs yellow. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Usually with translucent pores on hind femur in addition to hind coxa and tibia; often with 5 or more multilocular pores behind each front coxa; less than 6 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of middle coxae (count both sides); fewer than 5 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts between antennae; usually with 1 or more dorsolateral tubular ducts that often appear as oral rims; no auxiliary setae; anal bar present; 18 pairs of cerarii.
Common name: Hall mealybug
Field Characters: We expect the field appearance of this species to be the same as for P. ficus, but we have been unable to find a description in the literature.
Validation Characters: Usually with less than 6 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of middle coxae (count both sides); fewer than 5 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts between antennae; without multilocular pores behind front coxa (rarely with 1); translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia, absent from femur; usually with 1 or more dorsolateral tubular ducts that often appear as oral rims; anal bar present; 18 pairs of cerarii; no auxiliary setae.
Common name: Japanese mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval or rotund; slightly rounded in lateral view; dark purple or red; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide purple body color; dorsomedial bare area either absent or inobvious; ovisac not described in literature; 18 lateral wax filaments, most relatively short, straight, posterior pair slightly longer, filaments anterior of posterior pair small, broader than on P. citri, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage or fruit of host. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts in submarginal areas of abdomen, usually with more than 1 associated with each abdominal cerarius; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia, absent from femur; usually with 1 or more dorsolateral tubular ducts that often appear as oral rims; usually without multilocular pores posterior of front coxa; anal bar present; 18 pairs of cerarii; no auxiliary setae.
Common name: Coffee mealybug
Field Characters: Body rotund; conspicuously rounded in lateral view; brownish red or tan; mealy wax covering body, in thick segmental clumps on mature females, body color evident at segmental lines; with dorsomedial bare area on dorsum forming central longitudinal stripe or oval area; ovisac absent; with 18 lateral wax filaments, broad, convergent, posterior pairs sometimes curved, others straight, all filaments about same length, about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on the fruit, stems, and foliage of host; specimens have been reported on the roots of coffee. Ovoviviparous, first instars pale maroon. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Longest dorsal seta longer than 50 µ; legs robust, hind femur with an average of 2.4 and a range of 2.1 to 2.8 times longer than greatest width; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia, absent from femur; without dorsolateral tubular ducts; usually with ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of front and middle coxae; usually with ventral oral collars between antennae;usually without multilocular pores posterior of front coxa; anal bar present; 18 pairs of cerarii; no auxiliary setae.
Common name: Pacific mealybug
Field Characters: We assume that this species is identical in appearance to P. citri as follows: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body yellow when newly molted, pink or orange-brown when fully mature; legs brown-red; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide body color; with dorsomedial bare area on dorsum forming central longitudinal stripe (more obvious than on P. ficus); ovisac ventral only, may be 2 times longer than body when fully formed; with 17 or 18 lateral wax filaments, most relatively short, often slightly curved, posterior pair slightly longer, filaments anterior of posterior pair small, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Oviparous, eggs yellow. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Less than 5 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts between antennae; less than 6 ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of middle coxae (count both sides); usually with 1 or more dorsolateral tubular ducts that often appear as oral rims; translucent pores on hind coxa and tibia, absent for femur; anal bar present; 18 pairs of cerarii; no auxiliary setae.
Common name: Orange-colored mealybug
Field Characters: The only information available is that the body is yellowish-orange.
Validation Characters: Dorsal oral rims greatly reduced in number, varying from 3 to 6, all located on thorax and head; ventral oral-rims restricted to thorax with 1 associated with each spiracle; dorsal setae long, almost as long as ventral setae; translucent pores on hind coxa, femur, and tibia; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts nearly always present near cerarii; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts numerous, forming broad band on thorax and head; without discoidal near eye.
Common name: Aerial root mealybug
Field Characters: The original description indicates that this species has a moderately thin covering of white powdery secretion. Based on the distribution of characters on slide-mounted specimens we suspect the species produces 17 pairs of thin, straight, waxy filaments with the posterior pair longest; probably about _ length of body. A ventral ovisac is likely produced. On fruit and aerial roots of host.
Validation Characters: Dorsal setae long, normally as long as ventral setae; translucent pores on hind coxa, femur, and tibia; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts present in clusters between antennae and laterad of front and middle coxae; oral-rim tubular ducts usually sparse on dorsum, most abundant marginally, least abundant along midline and mediolaterally; without discoidal near eye.
Common name: Citrophilus mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; dark in color, red when crushed; ostiole fluid red; mealy wax covering body, usually thick enough to hide body color except on intersegmental lines; with longitudinal lines on dorsum formed by bare areas occurring in submedial and submarginal areas; ovisac ventral only; with 17 lateral wax filaments, most relatively short, straight except posterior pair which may be slightly curved, posterior pair longest, about 1/4 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage, stems, and fruit of host. Oviparous, eggs yellow or orange. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Without dorsal oral-rim tubular duct near frontal cerarius; oral-rim tubular ducts scattered over dorsum; dorsal setae about same length or shorter than conical cerarian setae (except on segment VIII where long); translucent pores on hind femur and tibia; without discoidals near eye; without clusters of ventral oral-collar tubular ducts laterad of front or middle legs.
Common name: Comstock mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body pink to light reddish brown; mealy wax covering body, usually thick enough to hide body color except on intersegmental lines; without longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac ventral only; with 17 lateral wax filaments, most about 1/4 width of body, straight, thin, posterior 2 pairs longer than others, posterior pair longest, varying from 1/4 to 2/3 length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage, stems, and bark of host. Oviparous, eggs pinkish brown. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Dorsal setae long, almost as long as ventral setae; translucent pores on hind coxa, femur, and tibia; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts scattered over surface particularly on thorax and head; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts present in clusters between antennae and laterad of front and middle coxae; oral-rim tubular ducts usually sparse on dorsum, most abundant on abdomen, least abundant in medial area of thorax; without discoidal pores near eye.
Common name: Cryptic or citriculus mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; pale yellow or greenish yellow; body contents crushed are greenish yellow; mealy wax covering body, usually thick enough to hide body color except on intersegmental lines; without longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac ventral only; with 17 lateral wax filaments, becoming progressively longer posteriorly, anterior pair about 1/4 width of body, straight or slightly curved distally, thick, posterior pair longest, varying from _ to 1 time length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage and stems of host. Oviparous, eggs pale yellow. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Dorsal oral rims greatly reduced in number, varying from none to as many as 8; dorsal setae long, almost as long as ventral setae; translucent pores on hind coxa, femur, and tibia; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts nearly always present near cerarii, sometimes scattered elsewhere; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts few, forming narrow band on thorax and head; without discoidal near eye.
Common name: Banana mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; light orange to pink; body contents crushed are reddish brown; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide pink body color; without longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac ventral only; with 17 lateral wax filaments, becoming progressively longer posteriorly, anterior pair about 1/4 width of body, straight, except posterior pair often curved apically, thin, posterior pair longest, varying from _ to 1 time length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage and fruit of host. Oviparous. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Few dorsal oral-rim tubular ducts on abdomen (with an average of 8 and range of 1-13 ducts); usually without dorsolateral oral-rim tubular duct on segment VII; discoidal pores associated with eye, set in sclerotized rim; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in clusters between antennae and laterad of front and middle coxae.
Common name: Jack Beardsley mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characters for this species in the literature. We assume that it is similar to that of P. elisae which is as follows: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; light orange to pink; body contents crushed are reddish brown; mealy wax covering body, not thick enough to hide pink body color; without longitudinal lines on dorsum; ovisac ventral only; with 17 lateral wax filaments, becoming progressively longer posteriorly, anterior pair about 1/4 width of body, straight, except posterior pair often curved apically, thin, posterior pair longest, varying from _ to 1 time length of body. Primarily occurring on foliage and fruit of host. Oviparous. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: With many dorsal oral-rim tubular ducts on abdomen (with an average of 21 and a range of 14-27); with dorsolateral oral-rim tubular duct on segment VII; discoidal pores associated with eye, set in sclerotized rim; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in clusters between antennae and laterad of front and middle coxae.
Common name: Lando mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characters for this species in the literature. Based on morphology of slide mounted female: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; probably with 17 pairs of thin, lateral filaments; posterior pair longest; with ventral ovisac. On foliage and fruit of host.
Validation Characters: Translucent pores on hind tibia only; usually without dorsal oral-rim tubular ducts; without oral-rim tubular duct near frontal cerarius; discoidal pores associated with eye, set in sclerotized rim; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in clusters laterad of front and middle coxae, uncommon on head.
Common name: Longtailed mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body color variable from light yellow to gray, pink, or light purple; mealy wax covering body, thin enough so that body color shows through; with 3 longitudinal lines on dorsum, with single, broad dorsomedial line, with 2, thin submarginal lines; ovisac absent, sometimes with a few waxy strands under body; with 17 lateral wax filaments, with exception of posterior 2 pairs all about same size, about _ as wide as body, posterior pairs conspicuously longer than others, posterior pair as long as or longer than body, next pair about half as long as posterior pair. Primarily occurring on foliage of host. Usually ovoviviparous, rarely producting eggs which hatch soon after being laid, eggs yellow. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: More than 1 dorsal oral-rim tubular duct near most abdominal cerarii; ventral multilocular pores restricted to segments VIII and VII; penultimate and anal lobe cerarii with conspicuous basal sclerotization; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts absent or uncommon in marginal areas of thorax and head; 17 pairs of cerarii; auxiliary setae present in cerarii; without discoidal pores near eye.
Common name: Grape mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body dark orange or pink; body contents crushed dark orange; ostiole secretion light orange; mealy wax covering thin enough so that body color shows through; sometimes with faint, wide medial longitudinal line on dorsum; ovisac encloses all but head of female; with 17 lateral wax filaments, becoming progressively longer posteriorly, anterior pair about 1/8 width of body, straight, unusually thin, posterior pair longest, varying from 1/4 to 1/2 length of body. Occurring on most parts of host including main roots, fruit, leaves, stems, and under bark. Oviparous, eggs orange. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Oral-rim tubular duct present on dorsum between cerarius 15 and 16; usually with at least 1 discoidal pore associated with eye on at least 1 side of head, no more than 3 near any eye, not set in sclerotized rim; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia; with many dorsal oral-rim tubular ducts on abdomen (with an average of 27 and a range of 19-35 such ducts); ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in clusters between antennae and laterad of front and middle coxae.
Common name: Odermatt mealybug
Field Characters: According to Tokihiro (2004) this species has: body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; with dark dorsosubmedial bare spots on intersegmental areas of thorax and abdomen, these areas forming 1 pair of dark longitudinal lines on dorsum; with 17 pairs of lateral filaments; posterior pair longest, about 1/2 as long as body. Based on the morphology of the adult female we suspect that the ovisac covers the dorsum. On foliage and fruit of host.
Validation Characters: Dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts present; dorsal setae elongate, nearly as long as ventral setae; translucent pores present on hind femur and tibia, absent from coxa; without discoidal pores near eye; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in small numbers along body margin of head and thorax.
Common name: Obscure mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; pink or light purple; mealy wax covering usually thin enough so that body color shows through; without longitudinal line on dorsum; ovisac encloses all but head of female; with 17 lateral wax filaments, becoming progressively longer posteriorly, anterior pair about 1/8 width of body, straight, unusually thin, posterior pair longest, varying from 1/4 to 1/2 length of body. Occurring on most parts of host including main roots, fruit, leaves, stems, and under bark. Oviparous, eggs yellow. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in clusters between antennae and laterad of front coxae, absent or with fewer than 3 ducts laterad of middle coxae; with few dorsal oral-rim tubular ducts on abdomen (with an average of 13 and a range of 10 to 18); without oral-rim tubular duct on dorsum between cerarius 15 and 16; with dorsal oral-rim tubular duct near frontal cerarius; with an average of 2 and range of 1 to 3 discoidal pores associated with eye, not set in a sclerotized rim; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia.
Common name: Barber giant mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characters of this species. Based on morphology of slide mounted female, probably with: Body round; conspicuously rounded in lateral view; body with dense mass of mealy wax covering body and hiding body color, with dorsomedial crest of wax; legs large, black or dark brown; probably with conspicuous band of plate-like waxy filaments, variable in number because often fused, surrounding entire body; posterior filaments probably separate; all filaments about same length; without an ovisac; probably ovoviviparous; probably with conspicuous pair of dark areas on each side of dorsal midline of abdomen when wax is removed. On foliage and fruit of host.
Validation Characters: Without tubular ducts in cerarii; circulus frequently constricted medially, but not divided completely; dorsal conical setae about same size as cerarian setae; cerarii all with considerable basal sclerotization; each cerarius containing 6 or more conical setae; with 17 or 18 pairs of cerarii on each side of body; antennae 9-segmented; multilocular disc pores scattered over ventral surface; basal and plantar denticles present on claw.
Common name: Mexican giant mealybug
Field Characters: We have been unable to locate a description of the field characters of this species. Based on morphology of slide mounted female: Body round; conspicuously rounded in lateral view; probably with dense covering of mealy wax covering body and hiding body color, with dorsomedial crest of wax; legs large, black or dark brown; probably with conspicuous band of plate-like waxy filaments, variable in number because often fused, surrounding entire body; posterior filaments probably separate; all filaments about same length; without an ovisac; probably ovoviviparous; probably with conspicuous pair of dark areas on each side of dorsal midline of abdomen when wax is removed. Often found of subterranean crown or large roots of host.
Validation Characters: With 5 or more tubular ducts in cerarii; circulus elongate oval, not divided; dorsal conical setae smaller than cerarian setae, not gathered into clusters; cerarii all with considerable basal sclerotization; each cerarius containing 6 or more conical setae; with 17 or 18 pairs of cerarii on each side of body; antennae 9-segmented; multilocular disc pores scattered over ventral surface; basal and plantar denticles present on claw.
Common name: Icerya mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval to round; slightly rounded to convex in lateral view; light yellow; legs light yellow; mealy wax covering thick, in median area forming medial longitudinal ridge on thorax and abdomen; without longitudinal bare areas on dorsum; ovisac ventral, copious, tilting posterior end of female off of host substrate when fully developed, similar in appearance to cottonycushion scale (Icerya purchasi Maskell); lateral wax filaments variable in number, coalescing through time, when separate, broad at base narrowing to rounded point at apex, ultimately forming plate-like fringe around body, anterior filaments nearly _ as long as width of body, posterior filaments slightly longer than others, about 1/4 length of body. Occurring on foliage, stems, and fruit of host. Oviparous, eggs honey yellow. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Anterior ostioles present; cerarii with more than 5 truncate setae; cerarii on anterior thorax and head coalesced; with long dorsal setae adjacent to anal ring; antennae 9-segmented; quinquelocular pores present on venter; denticle on claw.
Common name: Mango mealybug
Field Characters: Body oval; slightly rounded in lateral view; body light yellow to pale green; mealy wax thin, allowing body color to show through, without a medial longitudinal crest; with triangular-shaped bare area on medial area of body, widest portion of bare area on prothorax or head, narrowest on abdomen; ovisac absent; with 17 pairs of unusually long lateral wax filaments, anterior 2 pairs (head) nearly as long as body, next 6 pairs (thoracic) all about same length _ to 1 time width of body, next 9 pairs (abdominal) becoming progressively longer posteriorly, anterior-most pair about equal to greatest width of body, posterior pair nearly 4 times length of body. Occurring on foliage of host. Ovoviviparous, first instars light yellow. Surface of lateral filaments smooth.
Validation Characters: Anterior ostioles absent; cerarii with more than 5 truncate setae; cerarii on anterior thorax and head separate; without long dorsal setae adjacent to anal ring; quinquelocular pores present on venter; large-sized quinqueloculars present n marginal band on venter, about 1 pore wide; multilocular pores restricted to abdomen, absent from lateral areas; antennae 9-segmented; denticle on claw.
Common name: Pink sugarcane mealybug
Field Characters: Body elongate oval, often quite large (7mm); convex in lateral view; body pink; mealy wax thin, allowing body color through; without longitudinal bare areas on dorsum; ovisac ventral; lateral wax filaments normally absent, 1 short pair may be visible in newly matured adult females. Occurring in leaf sheats of grass host.
Validation Characters: Circulus hour-glass shaped; small discoidal pores surrounding hind coxae; cerarii restricted to anal lobes; posterior abdominal segments each with single, long seta protruding from each body margin; multilocular pores present on dorsum and venter.
Common name: Lily bulb mealybug
Field Characters: Body elongate oval, sometimes quite large (up to 4mm); slightly rounded in lateral view; body light to dark purple; ostiole secretion clear or light yellow; legs pale; mealy wax thin, allowing body color through; without longitudinal bare areas on dorsum; ovisac large, covering body of female; with 2 pairs of caudal wax filaments, posterior pair longer and broader than anterior pair, conical about 3 or 4 times longer than anterior pair, posterior pair about 1/8 length of body. Occurring at bases of leaves of Haworthia and Aloe and similar hosts; also on the roots and bulbs of other liliaceous host. Oviparous, eggs pink. Surface of lateral filaments rough.
Validation Characters: Oral-rim tubular ducts abundant on dorsum and on venter near body margin; cerarii restricted to posterior 2 abdominal segments; dorsal oral-collar tubular ducts abundant on abdomen; ventral oral-collar tubular ducts in clusters on head, and laterad of front and middle legs; circulus absent; translucent pores on hind femur and tibia.
Clicking on the genera below, will take you to the first species of that genera in the list.
Antonina • Brevennia • Crisicoccus • Dysmicoccus • Exallomochlus • Ferrisia • Formicococcus • Hordelicoccus • Hypogeococcus • Maconellicoccus • Nipaecoccus • Palmicultor • Paracoccus • Paraputo • Phenacoccus • Planococcus • Pseudococcus • Puto • Rastrococcus • Saccharicoccus • Vryburgia