TITLE
Source Apportionment of Fine and Coarse Particles in Southern
Ontario, Canada

AUTHOR(S)
Conner, T.L.1, Miller, J.F.2, Willis, R.D.3, Kellogg, R.B.3, and
Dann, T.F.4

PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
1Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory,
U.S.Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle park, NC  27711

2Senior Environmental Employee

3ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc.
 Research Triangle Park, NC  27709

4Environmental Canada, River Road Environmental Technology Centre,
Ottawa, Ontario, K1A OH3, Canada


SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment
Laboratory
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC

ABSTRACT
     Environment Canada, in cooperation with the Ontario Ministry of Environment and
the Walpole Island Indian Band, has been conducting an air monitoring study in a
region of southern Ontario near Detroit.  Two sampling sites are located in the city
of Windsor, Ontario.  The Windsor sites are frequently downwind of the numerous
emission sources of the greater Detroit area, which include coke ovens, iron and
steel industry, incinerators, power generation facilities, lime and cement
operations, and automotive assembly plants.  The Windsor sites are also influenced
by the regional background of secondary sulfate common in the eastern U.S. and
Canada, as well as by automobile emissions.  A third site, located on Walpole
Island, was set up to assess the background particulate composition, although this
site is also influenced to some degree by primary industrial emissions and secondary
pollutants.

     Fine and coarse particle samples were collected on Teflon filters with a
dichotomous sampler.  Samples were analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence
(XRF) at the U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park facility.  A subset of the samples
were selected for analysis by scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-
dispersive XRF (SEM/EDX).  Morphological features of the particles combined with
chemical data have been shown to be useful in resolving source types which cannot
be resolved by conventional means.  Source apportionment of fine and coarse
particles based on SEM/EDX and on conventional (i.e., statistical) methods applied
to XRF data will be reported.  Meteorological observations will be used to interpret
the results