John H. (Jack) Gibbons is the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Before being appointed to his current position by the President, Dr. Gibbons was the Director of the Office of Technology Assessment, a non-partisan research arm of the United States Congress.

Dr. Gibbons is an internationally recognized scientist and an expert in energy and environmental issues. He has a deep interest and concern regarding the impacts of technology on society and their implications for public policy. He is a former Director of the Energy, Environment and Resources Center at the University of Tennessee, and was the first Director of Energy Conservation for the Federal Energy Administration. While at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, he conducted physics research, and he directed projects on energy conservation and the environmental impact of energy production.

Born in Virginia, Dr. Gibbons graduated from Randolph-Macon College in Ashland, Virginia, and received is Ph.D. in Physics from Duke University.

John A. Young is the former President and CEO of Hewlett-Packard Co. He currently serves on the Board of Directors for Wells Fargo, SmithKline Beecham, the Chevron Corporation, Affymetrix, Shaman Pharmaceuticals, and Abiotic Systems.

Mr. Young has a distinguished record as a public servant. He served as the Chairman of the President's Commission on Industrial Competitiveness, President of the Foundation for the Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award, and a member of the Advisory Committee on Trade Policy and Negotiations. He is also the founder and former Chairman of the private sector Council on Competitiveness. He is currently Chairman of the Board of Smart Valley, Inc.

A native of Idaho, Mr. Young received a degree in Electrical Engineering from Oregon State University and received his MBA from Stanford University. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering.

Norman R. Augustine is the Chairman and CEO of the Martin Marietta Corporation, and serves on the Board of Directors for Phillips Petroleum and Proctor & Gamble. He has accrued more than 35 years of management experience in the private and public sectors, having formerly worked for Douglas Aircraft and LTV, as well as holding the post of Under Secretary of the Army from 1975 to 1977.

Mr. Augustine is currently serving on the Defense Policy Advisory Committee on Trade and is the Chairman of the National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee.

Born in Denver, Mr. Augustine received both his Bachelor's and Master's degrees in aeronautical engineering from Princeton University.

Francisco J. Ayala is the Donald Bren Professor of Biological Sciences and Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Irvine. He is President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and is a member of National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Dr. Ayala has been a member of advisory committees for the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Science Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health.

Dr. Ayala graduated from the University of Madrid, and subsequently earned his doctorate from Columbia University in New York. He is widely known for his scholarship on the topics of population, genetics, and evolution.

Murray Gell-Mann is a Professor of the Santa Fe Institute and Co-Chair of its Science Board. he is also the R.A. Millikan Professor Emeritus of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology. He is famous for his research in the area of elementary particle theory and was awarded the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Professor Gell-Mann has served on the former President's Science Advisory Committee, and he is currently a director of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a foreign member of the Royal Society.

Professor Gell-Mann was born in New York City, attended Yale University, and received his Ph.D. in Physics from MIT. He is the recipient of numerous honorary Doctorates in Science.

David A. Hamburg is President of Carnegie Corporation of New York. He was Professor and Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry and Reed-Hodgson Professor of Human Biology at Stanford University; then President of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences; later, he was President, American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has also served as an advisor to the World Health Organization and the National Institute of Mental Health.

Dr. Hamburg was born in Evansville, Indiana, and received his M.D. from Indiana University.

John P. Holdren is the Class of 1935 Professor of Energy at the University of California, Berkeley, and Visiting Distinguished Scholar at the Woods Hole Research Center. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and Chair of its Committee on International Security and Arms Control, Chair of the Executive Committee of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, and a former Chairman of the Federation of American Scientists. He has written extensively on energy technology and policy, global environmental problems, and international security.

Dr. Holdren was born in Sewickley, Pennsylvania and grew up in San Meteo, California, He was trained in aeronautics and astronautics and in theoretical plasma physics at MIT and Stanford.

Diana MacArthur is Chair, CEO, and co-founder of Dynamac Corporation, a firm providing integrated environmental services, including life sciences consulting, natural resources management, and hazardous waste engineering. Previously, she served as president of a Dynamac subsidiary engaged in technology transfer, training, education, and communications in the areas of health, the environment, and safety.

Mrs. MacArthur was born in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and received her bachelor's degree from Vassar College.

Shirley M. Malcom is Head of the Directorate for Education and Human Resources Programs of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. A former high school teacher and university professor, she has been nationally recognized for her efforts to improve educational opportunities for under-represented groups and to promote broader public understanding of science and technology.

Dr. Malcom is the author of numerous publications on equity and education, and serves on a number of advisory committees relating to the evaluation of educational reform.

Dr. Malcom received her Ph.D. in ecology from The Pennsylvania State University, Master's degree in zoology from the University of California, Los Angeles, and Bachelor's degree with distinction in zoology from the University of Washington.

Mario J. Molina is the Lee and Geraldine Martin Professor of Environmental Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has served on federal advisory committees for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health.

Dr. Molina is a former Senior Research Scientist at the Jet Propulsion Lab. His area of expertise is chemistry of the stratosphere, and he is famous for his work on determining the sources of stratospheric ozone depletion.

Dr. Molina was an undergraduate at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, and he received his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley.

Peter H. Raven is Director of the Missouri Botanical Garden and Engelmann Professor of Botany at Washington University in St. Louis. He has served as a member of the National Science Board, is the Home Secretary of the National Academy of Sciences, and is Chairman of the Report Review Committee of the National Research Council. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Dr. Raven is a member of the editorial board of numerous scientific publications, and has contributed more than 400 articles to professional journals. He has been awarded 14 honorary degrees in science.

Born in Shanghai, China, Dr. Raven graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, and received his Ph.D. from UCLA.

Sally K. Ride is a former astronaut and current Director of the California Space Institute at the University of California, San Diego. She is also a professor of Physics at UCSD. She is an author of three children's books and was a member of the Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident.

Dr. Ride was born in Los Angeles. She studied English and physics as an undergraduate and earned her Ph.D. in physics, all at Stanford University.

Judith Rodin is the President of the University of Pennsylvania. She serves on the editorial boards of numerous journals and she has written on the topics of obesity, appetite, aging and health behavior.

Dr. Rodin is a fellow of the Institute of Medicine, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the American Psychological Association.

Dr. Rodin was born in Philadelphia and attended the University of Pennsylvania before receiving her Ph.D. from Columbia University.

Charles A. Sanders is Chairman and CEO of Glaxo Inc., and a member of the board of Glaxo Holdings, Merrill Lynch & Co., Reynolds Metals, and Morton International Inc. He formerly held the position of chief executive officer of the science and technology division of Squibb Corporation. Previously, he was general director of Massachusetts General Hospital and professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.

Dr. Sanders is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy complex, and serves as Chairman of Project HOPE and the Commonwealth Fund.

Dr. Sanders is a native of Dallas and a graduate of the Southwestern Medical College of the University of Texas.

Phillip A. Sharp is Professor of Biology, Head of the Department of Biology, and former Director of the Center for Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a co-founder, and member of the Board of Directors of Biogen, Inc.

Dr. Sharp was a co-recipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on gene structure. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and Institute of Medicine, and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Dr. Sharp was born in Falmouth, Kentucky, received his BA from Union College, Kentucky, and earned his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Illinois, Urbana.

David E. Shaw is the CEO of D.E. Shaw & Co., a group of technology-oriented financial firms. The author of numerous publications on science, technology, and public policy, Dr. Shaw is a member of the Board of Governors of the New York Academy of Sciences, and formerly served on the faculty of the Computer Science Department at Columbia University and as a vice president at Morgan Stanley & Co.

Dr. Shaw graduated from the University of California, San Diego. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University, where his research centered on massively parallel supercomputing.

Charles M. Vest is President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a Professor of Mechanical Engineering. He is a former Provost, Vice President for Academic Affairs, and Dean of the College of Engineering at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. His research interests are in the areas of heat transfer, fluid mechanics and optics.

Dr. Vest serves on the Board of Directors for IBM and the E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company. He is a trustee of the Boston Museum of Science, Wellesley College, WGBH Educational Foundation, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Born in Morgantown, West Virginia, Dr. Vest attended the University of West Virginia before receiving his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan.

Virginia V. Weldon is Senior Vice President for Public Policy for the Monsanto Company. She is a former professor of pediatrics, Deputy Vice Chancellor for Medical Affairs, and Vice President of the Medical Center at the Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis. She previously served as Chair of the Assembly of the Association of American Medical Colleges and as a member of the Board of Directors of Southwestern Bell. She currently is a member of the Board of Directors for G.D. Searle & Co., The Nutrasweet Corporation, and the General American Life Insurance Company.

Dr. Weldon is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, the Society for Pediatric Research and the American Pediatric Association. her research interests are in the area of growth disorders and hormone secretion in children.

Dr. Weldon was born in Toronto, Canada, and is a U.S. citizen. She received her bachelor's degree from Smith College and her M.D. from the State University of New York, Buffalo.

Lilian Shiao-Yen Wu is a member of the Research staff at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center. She is also a Director of the International Institute of Forecasters, and is currently serving on the National Research Council's Committee on Women in Science and Technology.

Dr. Wu's accomplishments include the development of innovative mathematical models and statistical methods for business forecasting and planning, and the implementation of those methods in business practice.

Dr. Wu was born in Beijing, China. She is a graduate of the University of Maryland at College Park, and received her Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics from Cornell University.