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@Consumes and @Produces can list multiple media types that they support. The client's Accept header can also send multiple types it might like to receive. More specific media types are chosen first. The client Accept header or @Produces @Consumes can also specify weighted preferences that are used to match up requests with resource methods. This is best explained by RFC 2616 section 14.1 . Resteasy supports this complex way of doing content negotiation. A variant in JAX-RS is a combination of media type, content-language, and content encoding as well as etags, last modified headers, and other preconditions. This is a more complex form of content negotiation that is done programmatically by the application developer using the javax.ws.rs.Variant, VarianListBuilder, and Request objects. Request is injected via @Context. Read the javadoc for more info on these.