Index: pdfbox/src/main/java/org/apache/pdfbox/util/Overlay.java
===================================================================
--- pdfbox/src/main/java/org/apache/pdfbox/util/Overlay.java	(revision 1626379)
+++ pdfbox/src/main/java/org/apache/pdfbox/util/Overlay.java	(working copy)
@@ -380,14 +380,10 @@
         }
         else if (useAllOverlayPages)
         {
-            int usePageNum = pageNumber % numberOfOverlayPages;
+            int usePageNum = (pageNumber - 1) % numberOfOverlayPages;
+
             layoutPage = specificPageOverlayPage.get(usePageNum);
         }
-        else if (useAllOverlayPages)
-        {
-            int usePageNum = pageNumber % numberOfOverlayPages;
-            layoutPage = specificPageOverlayPage.get(usePageNum);
-        }
         if (layoutPage != null)
         {
             PDResources resources = page.findResources();